linux网卡驱动安装方法

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2024年1月6日发(作者：)

linux网卡驱动安装方法

1、查找网卡芯片，确立网卡型号，并确立linux内核版本，到对应的网卡官网下载驱动。

2、安装步骤（这里以RTL8110为例）

1）cd到网卡驱动所在文件夹，解压 :

# tar vjxf 2

//关于解压命令查看《Linux下软件包的解压方式大全》

2）进入文件夹:

# cd

3）安装（需安装kernel-source,否则会失败） :

# make clean modules (as root or with sudo)

# make install

# depmod -a

# insmod ./src/ (or r8168.o in linux kernel 2.4.x)

4）通过以下指令查看驱动是否已经启动.

# lsmod | grep r8168

# ifconfig -a

如果能看到类似“ethX”的结果输出, 说明已成功驱动网卡.

5）配置并激活 ethX.

# ifconfig ethX up

,where X=0,1,2,...

3、附realtek RTL8168B驱动readme文档：

This is the Linux device driver released for RealTek RTL8168B/8111B

and RTL8168C/8111C, Gigabit Ethernet controllers with PCI-Express

interface.

- Kernel source tree (supported Linux kernel 2.6.x and 2.4.x)

- For linux kernel 2.4.x, this driver supports 2.4.20 and latter.

- Compiler/binutils for kernel compilation

Unpack the tarball :

# tar vjxf 2

Change to the directory:

# cd

If you are running the target kernel, then you should be able to do :

# make clean modules (as root or with sudo)

# make install

# depmod -a

# insmod ./src/ (or r8168.o in linux kernel 2.4.x)

You can check whether the driver is loaded by using following commands.

# lsmod | grep r8168

# ifconfig -a

If there is a device name, ethX, shown on the monitor, the linux

driver is loaded. Then, you can use the following command to activate

the ethX.

# ifconfig ethX up

,where X=0,1,2,...

1. Set manually

a. Set the IP address of your machine.

# ifconfig ethX "the IP address of your machine"

b. Set the IP address of DNS.

Insert the following configuration in /etc/.

nameserver "the IP address of DNS"

c. Set the IP address of gateway.

# route add default gw "the IP address of gateway"

2. Set by doing configurations in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

/ifcfg-ethX for Redhat and Fedora, or /etc/sysconfig/network

/ifcfg-ethX for SuSE. There are two examples to set network

configurations.

a. Fix IP address:

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=static

ONBOOT=yes

TYPE=ethernet

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

IPADDR=192.168.1.1

GATEWAY=192.168.1.254

BROADCAST=192.168.1.255

b. DHCP:

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=dhcp

ONBOOT=yes

There are two ways to modify the MAC address of the NIC.

1. Use ifconfig:

# ifconfig ethX hw ether YY:YY:YY:YY:YY:YY

,where X is the device number assigned by Linux kernel, and

YY:YY:YY:YY:YY:YY is the MAC address assigned by the user.

2. Use ip:

# ip link set ethX address YY:YY:YY:YY:YY:YY

,where X is the device number assigned by Linux kernel, and

YY:YY:YY:YY:YY:YY is the MAC address assigned by the user.

1. Force the link status when insert the driver.

If the user is in the path ~/r8168, the link status can be forced

to one of the 5 modes as following command.

# insmod ./src/ speed=SPEED_MODE

autoneg=NWAY_OPTION

,where

SPEED_MODE = 1000 for 1000Mbps

= 100 for 100Mbps

= 10 for 10Mbps

DUPLEX_MODE = 0 for half-duplex

= 1 for full-duplex

NWAY_OPTION = 0 for auto-negotiation off (true force)

duplex=DUPLEX_MODE

= 1 for auto-negotiation on (nway force)

For example:

# insmod ./src/ speed=100 duplex=0 autoneg=1

will force PHY to operate in 100Mpbs Half-duplex(nway force).

2. Force the link status by using ethtool.

a. Insert the driver first.

b. Make sure that ethtool exists in /sbin.

c. Force the link status as the following command.

# ethtool -s ethX speed SPEED_MODE duplex DUPLEX_MODE autoneg NWAY_OPTION

,where

SPEED_MODE = 1000 for 1000Mbps

= 100 for 100Mbps

= 10 for 10Mbps

DUPLEX_MODE = half for half-duplex

= full for full-duplex

NWAY_OPTION = off for auto-negotiation off (true force)

= on for auto-negotiation on (nway force)

For example:

# ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex full autoneg on

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