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2024年1月8日发(作者:)

【一题一讲】vain和futile用法辨析

vain 和 futile 用法辨析

佳中

Attempts to limit climate change by planting trees to absorb

carbon dioxide from the

atmosphere could be _________, according to two studies

published this week.

[A] petty

【答案】 D

【题意】 本周发表的两项研究表明,通过植树造林吸收大气中的二氧化碳、从而减缓

气候变化的努力可能是徒劳的。

vain 和 futile 都看表示“徒劳的”、“白费劲的”、“无用的”意思。

[B] trivial

[D] futile [C] crude

vain 普通用词,指已尽了最大努力做某事但没有达到预期的效果。

1)The vain attempts to stop the passage of the bill at least

served the purpose of

uniting the opposition.

阻止这一法案通过的试图是枉费心机,反而起到团结反对派的作用。

2)The principal made another vain appeal for better

equipment in the school

laboratory.

校长再次请求增加学校实验设备而未获得结果。

3)The poor husband begged in a vain desire to let him in,

but the angry wife

refused to open the door.

可怜的丈夫徒劳地想求他老婆让他进去,但他的那位生气的老婆就是不给开门。

4)All his attempts to unlock the door were vain, because he

was using the wrong

key.

他多次尝试打开门锁,但都是白费劲,因为他用错了钥匙。

5)It is vain to make such an effort. He will not change his

decision.

作这样的努力是没有用的,他不会改变他的决定。

futile 指行动或努力不能取得如期的效果,强调所采取的行动或努力失败或不明智。

1)They did everything to remedy the situation but all these

efforts prove to be

futile.

他们作了一切努力挽救局面,但这些努力都是枉然的。

2)Since you are not on the right track, everything you have

done is futile.

由于思路不对,所以你们做的都是无用功。

3)After months of futile labor, the scientist suddenly had a

brainstorm and solved

the problem.

几个月的努力都徒劳无功,这位科学家的一个突发奇想使问题迎刃而解。

4)He is rather stubborn; it t is futile to attempt to convince

him of the matter.

他非常顽固,要尝试说服他相信这件事是徒劳的。

● fruitless 也可表示 “徒劳的”意思。指经过长期或艰苦的努力后,仍然以失败

而告终,侧重指“无结果的”。

1) So far the search for the missing climbers is fruitless.

到目前为止, 搜索失踪的登山者是仍我无结果。

2) In any event, the debate over which test is stricter is

somewhat fruitless.

无论如何,关于哪一个标准更严格的争论多少有点徒劳。

3)I began to be weary of the fruitless investigation of the

matter which went on

so long.

我开始对这场毫无结果、进行很长时间的调查感到厌倦。

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