Unit1LightsCameraAction!单词讲义高中英语牛津译林版(2020)

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unit1单词讲义

type

词性：名词、动词

中文意思：类型，种类；打字

英文释义：a category or class of something; to write (letters, words, etc.) on a keyboard

词源：来自古法语的“type”，意为“形状”或“模板”。

例句：What type of music do you like?（你喜欢什么类型的音乐？）

固定搭配：a new type of（一种新型的）；type out（打印出来）

近义词：kind, sort, category

edy

词性：名词

中文意思：喜剧，滑稽的事情

英文释义：a genre of dramatic work that is intended to be humorous

词源：来自拉丁语的“oedia”，意为“戏剧表演”。

例句：I love watching edies on TV.（我喜欢在电视上看喜剧。）

固定搭配：edy show（喜剧节目）；edy movie（喜剧电影）

近义词：humor, joke, funny story

documentary

词性：名词、形容词

中文意思：纪录片；纪实的，记录性的

英文释义：a nonfictional motion picture presentation of actual events, giving a factual account of

a subject; relating to or being a document or record

词源：来自法语的“documentaire”，意为“文件的”或“记录的”。

例句：I watched a documentary about elephants last night.（昨晚我看了一部关于大象的纪录片。）

固定搭配：documentary film（纪录片）；documentary evidence（书面证据）

近义词：film, record, footage

fantasy

词性：名词、形容词

中文意思：幻想，想象；奇幻的，奇特的

英文释义：an imagined event or story not based on known facts; imaginative and fanciful; not

real or practical

词源：来自中古英语的“fantasie”，意为“想象”或“幻想”。

例句：Children often have fantasies about being superheroes.（孩子们经常幻想成为超级英雄。）

固定搭配：fantasy world（幻想世界）；fantasy novel（奇幻小说）

近义词：imagination, dream, illusion

horror

词性：名词、形容词

中文意思：恐怖，惊骇；令人恐惧的，可怕的

英文释义：an intense feeling of fear; causing fear or dread; extremely unpleasant or shocking

词源：来自古英语的“horror”，意为“惊恐”或“恐怖”。

例句：The horror movie was so scary that I couldn't sleep at night.（那部恐怖电影太可怕了，我晚上睡不着。）

固定搭配：horror movie（恐怖电影）；horror story（恐怖故事）

近义词：fear, terror, dread

romance

词性：名词、动词

中文意思：浪漫，恋爱，传奇故事

英文释义：a love affair, typically passionate and secretive; a genre of fiction that deals with

idealized love, adventure, and chivalry; to engage in romantic activity or behavior

词源：来自中世纪的法语romanz，意为“虚构的故事”或“浪漫的诗歌”。

例句：They had a romance that lasted for years.（他们有一段持续了多年的浪漫恋情。）

固定搭配：romantic edy（浪漫喜剧），romantic novel（浪漫小说），romantic relationship（浪漫关系）

近义词：love affair, passion, idealism

fiction

词性：名词、形容词

中文意思：小说，虚构，编造

英文释义：a genre of literature that tells imaginary stories, typically concerning human

experience; not true or real; made up

词源：来自拉丁语fictionem，意为“制作，塑造”。

例句：She enjoys reading fiction books.（她喜欢读小说。）

固定搭配：science fiction（科幻小说），mystery fiction（悬疑小说），historical fiction（历史小说）

近义词：novel, story, makebelieve

actually

词性：副词

中文意思：实际上，事实上

英文释义：in fact, truly, really

词源：来自中古英语actualliche，意为“真实地”。

例句：Actually, I have already finished my homework.（实际上，我已经完成了我的作业。）

固定搭配：as a matter of fact（事实上），actually speaking（实际上说），actual cost（实际成本）

近义词：in fact, truly, really

brief

词性：形容词、名词、动词

中文意思：简短的，简洁的，短暂的

英文释义：having little length or duration; giving only the main points; to give someone

instructions or information about something important

词源：来自古法语bref，意为“短的”。

例句：He gave me a brief explanation of the situation.（他简单地向我解释了情况。）

固定搭配：briefcase（公文包），briefing（简报），brief period（短暂时期）

近义词：concise, short, curt

familiar

词性：形容词、名词、动词

中文意思：熟悉的，常见的，亲近的

英文释义：well known and easily recognized; having a close and friendly relationship with

someone; to bee well known or understood by people through being seen, heard, etc. often

enough

词源：来自拉丁语familiaris，意为“家庭的”。

例句：I am familiar with this city.（我熟悉这个城市。）

固定搭配：familiar face（熟悉的面孔），familiar place（熟悉的地方），familiarize oneself with（熟悉，了解）

近义词：wellknown, mon, close

factor

词性：名词

中文意思：因素，要素

英文释义：a thing that contributes to a result or condition; a ponent part of something

词源：来自拉丁语factor，意为“做某事的人”或“代理人”。

例句：The main factor in his success is hard work.

固定搭配：key factor（关键因素）、production factor（生产要素）

近义词：element, ponent, ingredient

envelope

词性：名词

中文意思：信封，封套

英文释义：a paper cover for a letter or document

词源：来自法语envelopper，意为“包裹”。

例句：She sealed the envelope and put it in her bag.

固定搭配：envelope address（信封地址）、envelope flap（信封盖）

近义词：cover, jacket, wrapping

attach

词性：动词

中文意思：附上，贴上，连接

英文释义：to fasten or join one thing to another

词源：来自古英语attancan，意为“固定”。

例句：Please attach your resume to the email.

固定搭配：attach importance to（重视）、attach label（贴标签）

近义词：affix, connect, fasten

visual

词性：形容词

中文意思：视觉的，形象的

英文释义：relating to sight or the sense of sight

词源：来自拉丁语visio，意为“看”。

例句：The visual arts include painting, sculpture, and photography.

固定搭配：visual aid（视觉辅助工具）、visual perception（视觉感知）

近义词：optical, perceptual, imagebased

frequently

词性：副词

中文意思：经常地，频繁地

英文释义：occurring often or many times; regularly or repeatedly

词源：来自中古英语frequentli，意为“经常地”。

例句：I frequently visit my grandparents on weekends.

固定搭配：frequently asked questions（常见问题）、frequently used words（常用词汇）

近义词：often, regularly, repeatedly

studio

词性：名词

中文意思：工作室，摄影棚，录音室

英文释义：a room or building in which artists, photographers, etc. work

词源：来自拉丁语studium，意为“学习，研究”

例句：He works in a recording studio.

固定搭配：film studio电影制片厂，TV studio电视演播室

近义词：workshop车间，工作间

enable

词性：动词

中文意思：使能够，使成为可能

英文释义：to give someone the ability to do something

词源：来自古英语"anablen"，意为"使得"

例句：The new technology enables us to municate more easily.

固定搭配：enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事，enable sth. 使某事成为可能

近义词：empower, authorize, permit

prefer

词性：动词

中文意思：更喜欢，宁愿

英文释义：to like or want one thing more than another

词源：来自拉丁语praepellere，意为“先于，优于”

例句：I prefer tea to coffee.

固定搭配：prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过B，prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 宁愿做某事也不愿做某事

近义词：choose, select, opt for

creative

词性：形容词

中文意思：创造性的，有创造力的

英文释义：having or showing imagination and original ideas

词源：来自拉丁语creare，意为“创造”

例句：She has a very creative mind.

固定搭配：creative writing创作写作，creative thinking创新思维

近义词：imaginative, innovative, original

approach

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：方法，途径；靠近，接近

英文释义：a way of doing or dealing with something; to e nearer to someone or something

词源：来自古法语approcher，意为“靠近”

例句：We need to find a new approach to this problem. (名词) He approached me and asked for

help. (动词)

angle

词性：名词、动词

中文意思：角度；钓鱼的钩子；倾斜；使成角度

英文释义：a geometric figure formed by two rays with a mon endpoint; a hook for catching fish;

to incline or slope; to form an angle

词源：来自古英语的 "æggel"，意为 "尖锐的角"

例句：The sun was shining at a low angle through the trees.（太阳从低角度穿过树林。）

固定搭配：angle shot（特定角度的拍摄）；angle of incidence（入射角）；angle of depression（俯角）

近义词：bend, curve, slant

prop

词性：名词、动词

中文意思：支撑物；支持者；道具；宣传

英文释义：something that supports or holds something else up; someone who supports or helps

another person; an object used in a play or movie; to promote or publicize something

词源：来自拉丁语的 "propugnaculum"，意为 "支撑物"

例句：He used a stick as a prop to help him climb over the fence.（他用一根棍子作为支撑物帮助自己翻过栅栏。）

固定搭配：prop up（支持，维持）；propaganda（宣传）

近义词：support, backing, assistance

revise

词性：动词

中文意思：修订；修改；复习

英文释义：to make changes to something in order to improve it; to study and learn again

something that you have already studied

词源：来自拉丁语的 "revisare"，意为 "再次看"

例句：She decided to revise her essay before submitting it.（她决定在提交论文之前进行修改。）

固定搭配：revise for exams（为考试复习）；revise a document（修改文件）

近义词：amend, edit, review

historian

词性：名词

中文意思：历史学家；编史者

英文释义：someone who studies and writes about history

词源：来自希腊语的 "historia"，意为 "研究过去的事情"

例句：The historian presented a new interpretation of the events leading up to the war.（这位历

史学家对战争前的事件提出了新的解释。）

固定搭配：historical account（历史记载）；historian's perspective（历史学家的观点）

近义词：chronicler, recorder, scholar

ensure

词性：动词

中文意思：确保；保证；担保

英文释义：to make sure that something will happen or be done; to guarantee that something is

true or correct; to give support or protection to someone or something

词源：来自古法语的 "ensurer"，意为 "确保"

例句：We need to ensure that all the necessary safety measures are in place.（我们需要确保所有必要的安全措施都已到位。）

固定搭配：ensure quality（保证质量）；ensure safety（确保安全）

近义词：guarantee, assure, secure

lecture

词性：名词、动词

中文意思：讲座，演讲；讲课，训诫

英文释义：a talk or series of talks on a particular subject, given to an audience; to give a lecture

or lectures to (someone)

词源：来自拉丁语“lecture”，意为“阅读”或“选择”。

例句：I attended a lecture on ancient history yesterday.（昨天我参加了一场关于古代历史的讲座。）

固定搭配：give a lecture/lecture on sth.（做关于某事的讲座）；attend a lecture（参加讲座）

近义词：speech, address, talk, presentation

iceberg

词性：名词

中文意思：冰山

英文释义：a large mass of ice that has broken off from a glacier and is floating in the sea

词源：来自冰岛语“isbjorg”，意为“冰川”。

例句：The Titanic hit an iceberg and sank.（泰坦尼克号撞上了冰山并沉没。）

固定搭配：tip of the iceberg（冰山一角）；iceberg lettuce（冰山生菜）

近义词：floe, glacier, ice mass

award

词性：名词、动词

中文意思：奖，奖品；授予，给予

英文释义：a thing given as a sign of honor or achievement; to give someone something as a prize

or reward for their achievements

词源：来自古英语“ænigd”，意为“优点，价值”。

例句：She won an award for her excellent performance in the play.（她在剧中的出色表演赢得了奖项。）

固定搭配：award ceremony（颁奖典礼）；award medal（颁发奖牌）；award scholarship（授予奖学金）

近义词：prize, honor, recognition, distinction

audience

词性：名词

中文意思：观众，听众；读者，受众

英文释义：a group of people who have gathered together to hear or watch something; the

readers or listeners of a book, radio program, etc.

词源：来自拉丁语“audientia”，意为“听力”。

例句：The audience applauded the performer's amazing talent.（观众为表演者的惊人才华鼓掌。）

固定搭配：audience participation（观众参与）；live audience（现场观众）；audience rating（收视率）

近义词：spectators, viewers, listeners, readers

perform

词性：动词

中文意思：执行，完成；表演，演出

英文释义：to carry out a task or activity; to entertain an audience by doing something such as

singing, acting, dancing, etc.

词源：来自拉丁语“performare”，意为“履行，执行”。

例句：He performed his duties as a doctor with great care and dedication.（他以极大的关心和奉献精神履行了医生的职责。）

location

词性：名词

中文意思：位置，地点

英文释义：the place where something is, or may be found

词源：来自拉丁语locus，意为“地方”

例句：The location of the hotel is very convenient.

固定搭配：event location, filming location, meeting location

近义词：spot, place, site

martial

词性：形容词

中文意思：军事的，战争的

英文释义：of or for soldiers or fighting

词源：来自拉丁语martialis，意为“战争的”

例句：He has a martial arts background.

固定搭配：martial law, martial arts, martial robes

近义词：military, warlike, bative

desert

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：沙漠；抛弃，遗弃

英文释义：a barren land with little or no vegetation; to leave without intending to return

词源：来自拉丁语deserviri，意为“放弃”

例句：They drove through the desert. / He deserted his wife and children.

固定搭配：desert island, sandy desert, dessert menu

近义词：wasteland, wilderness, abandon

jungle

词性：名词

中文意思：丛林，密林

英文释义：a dense forest in a hot wet climate

词源：来自西班牙语jungla，意为“森林”

例句：The explorers had to hack their way through the jungle.

固定搭配：jungle fever, jungle book, jungle gym

近义词：forest, woods, thicket

title

词性：名词

中文意思：标题，头衔，称号

英文释义：a name given to someone or something in order to identify them or it; a position of

honor or authority; a word or phrase that expresses the main idea of a book, poem, etc.

词源：来自古英语titl，意为“名称”

例句：What's the title of your book? / She holds the title of Miss Universe.

固定搭配：book title, movie title, championship title

近义词：headline, heading, label

adapt

词性：动词

中文意思：适应，改编

英文释义：to adjust or modify something to fit new conditions or requirements

词源：来自拉丁语adaptare，意为“使适合”

例句：He has adapted well to his new school.（他很好地适应了新学校。）

固定搭配：adapt to（适应），adapt from（改编自）

近义词：adjust, modify, acmodate

regard

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：关心，尊重，看待

英文释义：n. a feeling of respect or consideration；v. to consider or treat someone/something in

a particular way

词源：来自古法语regarder，意为“看，观察”

例句：She is regarded as one of the best singers in the country.（她被认为是该国最好的歌手之一。）

固定搭配：with regard to（关于），in this regard（在这方面），as regards（至于）

近义词：respect, esteem, view

classic

词性：形容词/名词

中文意思：经典的，典型的

英文释义：adj. of the highest quality and outstanding of its kind；n. a work that is considered to

be very good because it is typical of its genre

词源：来自拉丁语classicus，意为“第一流的”

例句：The novel is a classic of English literature.（这部小说是英国文学的经典之作。）

固定搭配：classic example（典型的例子），classic car（经典汽车），classic style（经典风格）

近义词：timeless, traditional, exemplary

solution

词性：名词

中文意思：解决方案，溶液

英文释义：a liquid containing dissolved substances；a way of dealing with a problem or difficulty

词源：来自拉丁语solutio，意为“解放，释放”

例句：We need to find a solution to this problem.（我们需要找到一个解决这个问题的方法。）

固定搭配：solution to（……的解决方法），in solution（在溶液中），aqueous solution（水溶液）

近义词：answer, resolution, remedy

system

词性：名词

中文意思：系统，体系，制度

英文释义：a set of things that are connected together and work together；a set of ideas or

principles that explain how something works or should be done；a set of rules or procedures that

are used in an organization or society

词源：来自拉丁语systema，意为“组织，安排”

例句：The new puter system is much faster than the old one.（新的计算机系统比旧的快得多。）

固定搭配：operating system（操作系统），educational system（教育体系），social system（社会制度）

cure

词性：名词、动词

中文意思：治愈，治疗；解决，消除

英文释义：to make someone healthy again after they have been ill; to find a solution to a

problem

词源：来自拉丁语 cura，意为关心，照顾

例句：The doctor prescribed some medicine to cure my headache.（医生开了一些药来治疗我的头痛。）

固定搭配：cure for, cure sb of, be cured of

近义词：heal, remedy, treat

eventually

词性：副词

中文意思：最终，终于

英文释义：at last, in the end

词源：来自拉丁语 eventualis，意为最后发生的

例句：If you keep studying hard, you will eventually pass the exam.（如果你继续努力学习，你最终会通过考试的。）

固定搭配：eventually, in the end, at last

近义词：ultimately, finally, at length

typical

词性：形容词

中文意思：典型的，代表性的

英文释义：representing or characteristic of a particular person or thing

词源：来自希腊语 tupos，意为形状，模型

例句：This is a typical example of his behavior.（这是他的典型行为。）

固定搭配：typical of, be typical for, typical example

近义词：characteristic, representative, archetypal

fancy

词性：动词、形容词、名词

中文意思：喜欢，迷恋；奇特的，别致的；想象力，幻想

英文释义：to like or love something very much; to have a strong feeling about something; to

imagine or think about something in a special way

词源：来自古英语 fantian，意为想象，幻想

例句：I don't fancy going out in this rain.（我不喜欢在雨中出去。）He has a fancy for expensive

cars.（他喜欢昂贵的汽车。）She has a fancy for that dress.（她特别喜欢那件衣服。）His fancy

ran wild.（他的想象力丰富。）

固定搭配：fancy dress, take a fancy to, have a fancy for, live in a fantasy world

近义词：like, love, adore, admire, imagine, dream

narrow

词性：形容词、动词

中文意思：狭窄的，狭隘的；缩小，减少；勉强的，险胜的

英文释义：not wide; having only a small range of ideas or opinions; to bee smaller or less; to win

by only a small amount

词源：来自古英语 nærwe，意为狭窄的，狭小的

例句：The road was too narrow for two cars to pass.（这条路太窄了，两辆车无法通过。）We

need to narrow our focus on the main issues.（我们需要将注意力集中在主要问题上。）He

narrowly escaped being hit by a car.（他差点被车撞了。）They narrowly won the championship.（他们险胜赢得了冠军。）

remend

词性：动词

中文意思：推荐，建议

英文释义：to suggest or advise that something should be done or that someone should have a

particular job, role, etc.

词源：来自拉丁语的remendare，意为“将某物交给某人”。

例句：I would remend this restaurant to anyone.

固定搭配：remend doing sth.（建议做某事）

近义词：advise, suggest

personality

词性：名词

中文意思：个性，人格

英文释义：the bination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive

character.

词源：来自希腊语的persona（面具），意为“代表一个人的角色或形象”。

例句：She has a very strong personality.

固定搭配：personality test（性格测试）

近义词：character, nature

despite

词性：介词

中文意思：尽管，不管

英文释义：in spite of; without being affected by (something).

词源：来自古英语的despite，意为“反对，对抗”。

例句：Despite the rain, we went for a walk.

固定搭配：despite the fact that（尽管事实是）

近义词：although, even though

major

词性：形容词/名词

中文意思：主要的，重要的；专业，主修课程

英文释义：greater in size, extent, or importance; main; chief; leading; most important.（形容词）；a subject studied at a college or university as part of one's course of study.（名词）

词源：来自拉丁语的majoris，意为“更大的”。

例句：This is a major problem.（这是一个主要问题。）

固定搭配：major in（主修）

近义词：main, primary, principal

recollect

词性：动词

中文意思：回忆，想起

英文释义：to remember something that happened in the past.

词源：来自拉丁语的re（再次）+ collectus（收集），意为“再次收集到记忆中”。

例句：I can't seem to recollect where I put my keys.

固定搭配：recollect doing sth.（回忆起做过某事）

recall

词性：动词

中文意思：回忆，召回

英文释义：to remember something that happened in the past

词源：来自拉丁语"recapitare"，意为“再次取回”

例句：I can't recall where I put my keys.

固定搭配：recall an event, recall a product

近义词：remember, recollect, bring back

angel

词性：名词

中文意思：天使，善良的人

英文释义：a spiritual being believed to act as an intermediary between God and humans

词源：来自希腊语"angelos"，意为“使者”

例句：The angel Gabriel appeared to Mary.

固定搭配：guardian angel, angle of death

近义词：messenger, messenger of God, divine messenger

dandy

词性：名词/形容词

中文意思：花花公子，漂亮的人或物

英文释义：a man who is very fashionable and welldressed; a person or thing that is very

attractive or stylish

词源：来自法国方言"daigne"，意为“选择”

例句：He is a real dandy with his designer clothes and fancy car.

固定搭配：dandy dresser, dandy horse, dandy brush

近义词：fop, swell, dude

crooked

词性：形容词

中文意思：不直的，不诚实的

英文释义：not straight or level; dishonest or unfair

词源：来自古英语"crencan"，意为“弯曲”

例句：The old man had a crooked back.

固定搭配：crooked smile, crooked business, crooked politics

近义词：bent, twisted, distorted

arrow

词性：名词

中文意思：箭，箭头符号（如指向、向上等）

英文释义：a long thin piece of wood or metal with a sharp point at one end and feathers at the

other for flying through the air; a symbol (such as ↗) used to show direction or movement

词源：来自古英语"earg"，意为“箭”

例句：The archer shot the arrow straight into the target.

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