宁波大学2019大英4背诵篇目及翻译

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2024年3月5日发(作者：)

5 关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。 学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they're之间的不同，或区别complimentary 跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。 由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。

There are many different stories about the downturn() in the proper use of

students should be able to distinguish between their/there/they're or

the distinctive(独特的) difference between complimentary and complementary.

They unfairly bear the bulk of the criticism(批评) for these knowledge deficits(缺陷)

because there is a sense that they should know better.

6 学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。 举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery（文具用品）并没有被钉在那儿。 朋友和亲人常宣称 They've just

ate。实际上，他们应该说 They've just eaten。 因此，批评学生不合乎情理。

Students are not dumb,but they are being misled everywhere they look and

example, signs in grocery stores point them to the stationary,even though

the actual stationery items-pads,albums and notebooks-are not nailed s

and loved ones often proclaim(宣称) they have just ate when,in fact, they have just

eaten. Therefore, it does not make any sense to criticize our students.

7 对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。 可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。 还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。 学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架,准确的语法和恰当的词汇,充分地传授给学生。

Blame for the scandal of this language deficit() should be thrust upon our

school,which should be setting high standards of English language

proficiency(熟).Instead,they only teach a little grammar and even less advance

er,the younger teachers themselves evidently have little

knowledge of these vital() structures of language because they also went without

exposure to fail to adequately teach the essential framework(基本框架 )of language,accurate grammar and proper vocabulary,while they should take the

responsibility of pushing the young onto the path of competent(有效的 )communication.

1 当形势变得困难时，强者会去选学会计。 当就业市场恶化时，许多学生估算着他们不能再主修英语或历史。 他们得学一些能改善他们就业前景的东西。

When the going gets tough, the tough take the job market

worsens(恶化),many students calculate they can not major in English or

have to study something that boost their prospects(前景) of landing a job.

2 数据显示，随着学生肩负的学费不断增加，他们已从学习人文学科转向他们相信有益于将来就业的应用科学和“硬”技能。 换言之，大学教育越来越被看成是改善经济而不是提升人类自身的手段。 这种趋势可能会持续，甚至有加快之势。

The date show that as students have increasingly shouldered the ever-rising cost of

tuition(学费) they have defected from the study of the humanities and toward

applied science and hard skills that they bet will lead to other words,

a college education is more and more seen as a means for economic betterment

rather than a means for human betterment. This is a trend that is likely to persist and

even accelerate(加快).

3 在未来几年内，由于劳动力市场的不景气，人文学科可能会继续其长期低迷的态势。 在上一代大学生中，主修文科的学生数跌幅已近50%。这种趋势会持续、甚至加速的想法是合情合理的。 人文学科曾是大学生活的重要支柱，而今在学生们的大学游中却只是一个小点缀。 现在，实验室要比图书馆更栩栩如生、受人青睐。

Over the next few years, as labor(劳工)markets struggle（不景气）, the humanities will

probably continue their long slide（低迷） in succession（继承）. There already has been a

nearly 50 percent decline in the portion（部分） of liberal（文学） arts majors over the past

generation, and it is logical（合理的） to think that the trend is bound（必定） to continue

or even accelerate（加速）. Once the dominant（主要） pillars（支柱） of university life, the

humanities now play little roles when students take their college tours. These days, labs

are more vivid and compelling（引人注目） than libraries.

4 今天，我们同样需要认识一个新的人生阶段：从高中毕业到上大学，然后到成家立业，即所谓的奥德赛岁月。 由于年轻人正按照一种不同的模式生活，最近的趋势出现了根本性的变化。 他们从学校休学，与朋友同住，也常回去与父母同住。 同样，他们恋爱又失恋，辞掉一份工作又去寻找新的，甚至改行。 因此，我们需要认识这个新阶段——奥德赛岁月。现在许多人认为这是步入成年之前的一个难以回避的阶段。

Today we have an equivalent（相同） need to recognize a new phase（阶段） of life that

comes after high school graduation, continues through college, and then leads to starting

a family and having a career, the so-called odyssey years. Recent trends show radical（基础的，根本性的） changes as young people are following a different agenda（模式）. They take

breaks from school, live with friends and often return to living with their parents.

Similarly, they fall in and out of love, quit one job and try another or even shift to a

new career. So, we need to recognize this new stage, the odyssey years, which many now

consider to be an unavoidable stage in reaching adulthood.

5 出生于上个世纪60年代或70年代之前的人们往往会将成年的概念基于是否取得了某些成就：从父母家搬走，经济上独立，找到合适的配偶并组织家庭。 但是，对稳定的强调并没能保持不变。 今天，年轻人不太可能仿效他们的父母。 在奥德赛岁月中，相当比例的年轻人都推迟结婚、生子，甚至推迟就业。

People who were born prior to the 60s or 70s in the last century tended to frame（构建）

their concept of adulthood based upon achieving certain accomplishments: moving away

from home, becoming financially independent, finding the right spouse（配偶） and starting

a family. But that emphasis（重点） on stability did not remain static（不变的）. Today, young

people are unlikely to do the same. During the odyssey years, a high proportion（比例） of

young people are delaying marriage, child bearing, and even employment.

10 那么，我们可以做些什么让我们的生活恢复平衡呢？ 阿雷利博士说，一个办法是制止更多的超额预约。 我们可以自己减少选择，将任务委派给其他人，甚至放弃一些点子，让其他人去做。 他用婚姻作为例子：“在婚姻中，我们承诺不保留选择机会，我们就创造了获得最佳选择的有利局面。我们关上可选择的门，并告诉别人我们已作出选择。”

So, what can be done to restore（恢复） balance in our lives? One answer, Dr. Ariely says,

is to implement（实行） more prohibitions（禁令） on overbooking. We can work to reduce

options（选项） on our own, delegating(委派) tasks to others and even giving away ideas

for others to pursue（探寻）. He points to marriage as an example, "In marriage, we create

a situation where we promise ourselves not to keep options open. We close doors and

announce to others we've closed doors."

11 阿雷利博士说，自从进行了这个点击门的实验，他已经有意识地努力减轻自己的负担。 他敦促我们辞去委员会的工作，删减送节日贺卡的名单，重新思考兴趣爱好，并记住像项羽那样的关门者给我们的启示。

Since conducting（进行） the door experiment, Dr. Ariely says he has

made a conscious（意识） effort to lessen his load（负担）. He urges（督促） the rest of us to resign（辞职） from committees（委员会）,

prune（删减） holiday card lists, rethink hobbies and remember the

lessons of door closers like Xiang Yu.

12 换言之，他是鼓励我们放弃那些似乎只有表面价值的东西，而去追求那些能真正丰富我们生活的东西。 我们很自然、很偏执地相信选择越多越好，但阿雷利博士的研究却强有力地告诉我们事实并非如此。

In other words, Dr. Ariely is encouraging us to discard（放弃） those things that seem to

have outward merit（价值） in favor of those things that actually enrich our lives. We are

naturally prejudiced（偏执的） to believe that more is better, but Dr. Ariely's research

provides a dose of reality that strongly suggests otherwise.

2控诉我的人把真相歪曲成一则神话，并把我描写成恶魔。 他们声称我没有道德界限，我 折磨那些无辜动物的唯一目的就是为了自己的职业升迁，而我的实验根本与医药毫不相 关。 与此同时，无动于衷的公众几乎不闻不问，相信这个议题毫无意义，而具有宣传意识 的参议员和政治家们却对动物权利活动家的游说不断作出让步。

My accusers have twisted the truth into a fable and cast me as the devil. They claim

that I have no moral compass, that I torture innocent animals for the sole purpose of

career advancement, and that my experiments have no relevance to medicine. Meanwhile,

an uncaring public barely watches, convinced that the issue has no significance, and

publicity-conscious senators（议员） and politicians increasingly give way to the lobbying（游说） of animal rights activists.

3我们这些从事医学研究的人也显得令人难以置信的冷漠。 我们允许最极端的动物权利活 动家渐渐侵入，任凭他们把此类研究诬陷为“动物欺诈”和对动物的仇恨。 我们一直坚信，有 知识的公众会赞同动物研究对公众健康的重要性。 也许我们的错误是没有对这场争论的感 性基调作出反应。 也许我们早应该挥动着儿童死于癌症或外伤的同样令人伤心的海报，来 回应那些关于动物受害的伤感标语及海报。

We, in medical research, have also been unbelievably uncaring. We have allowed the

most extreme（极端） animal rights protesters to creep in and frame the issue as one of

"animal fraud（欺诈）" and hatred. We have persisted in our belief that a knowledgeable

public would consent（肯定） to the importance of animal research for public health.

Perhaps we have been mistaken in not responding to the emotional tone of the

argument. Perhaps we should have responded to those sad slogans and posters of

animals by waving equally sad posters of children dying of cancer or external wounds.

本文标签： 动物学生学校语言选择