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2024年5月5日发(作者：)
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、 外文原文（复印件）
A: Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer
The
single-chip
microcomputer
is the
culmination
of
both
the
development
of
the
digital computer
and
the
integrated
circuit
arguably
the
tow most
significant
inventions of
the
20th
century [1].
These
tow types of
architecture
are
found
in
single-chip
microcomputer. Some
employ the
split
program/data
memory of
the
Harvard
architecture, shown
in
-5A, others follow the
philosophy, widely
adapted
for general-purpose
computers and
microprocessors, of
making no
logical distinction
between
program
and
data
memory as in
the
Princeton
architecture, shown
in
-5A.
In
general terms a single-chip
microcomputer is characterized
by
the
incorporation
of
all
the
units of
a computer into
a
single
device, as
shown
in
Fig3-5A-3.
Program
memory
Data
memory
CPU
Input&
Output
unit
-5A-1
A Harvard type
memory
Input&
Output
unit
CPU
-5A.
A conventional Princeton computer
External
Timing
components
Reset
Interrupts
Power
System
clock
Timer/
Counter
Serial I/O
ROM
Prarallel
I/O
RAM
CPU
Fig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputer
is
usually for the
permanent,
Read only memory (ROM)
.ROM
non-volatile
storage
of
an
applications
program .Many microcomputers and
microcontrollers are
intended
for high-volume
applications and
hence
the
economical
manufacture
of
the
devices
requires that
the
contents
of
the
program memory be
commi
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