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2023年12月25日发(作者：)
英语中大多数形容词是可以分级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。
原级
形容词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。用原级进行比较时可以使用下面两种结构：
1.表示比较的双方相等，用”as„as”结构，表示“前者像后者一样”，即
A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B.
e.g. John is
as
tall as his brother.
2.表示比较的双方不相等，用”not as„as”结构，表示“前者不如后者”，即 A + be + not as + 形容词原级 + as + B.
e.g. John is not as tall as his brother.
比较级
当把一个人或物同另外一个人或物比较时，就需要用到形容词比较级。其结构是： A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B.
e.g. Jackei is taller than Alex, but Alex is heavier than Jackei
最高级
三者或者三者以上的人或物进行比较时，需要使用形容词的最高级。其结构是：
A + be + the 形容词最高级 + of / in + 比较范围.
(Note: 形容词最高级前面要加 定冠词 the)
e.g. Jackei is the tallest in our class. or
Jackei is the tallest of all the students.
形容词不同级别的变化
1.规则形容词的变化
ID 构成方式
1 一般情况，直接加词尾 –er 或者
–est
2 以 e 结尾的，加 –r 或 –st
原级
tall
young
nice
large
3 以辅音字母+y 结尾的，把 y → i,
再加 –er 或 –est
4 以重读闭音节(辅元辅结构)结尾的，happy
busy
big
比较级
taller
younger
nicer
larger
happier
busier
bigger
hotter
thinner
more useful
more careful
最高级
tallest
youngest
nicest
largest
happiest
busiest
biggest
hottest
thinnest
most useful
most careful
双写结尾的辅音字母，再加 –er 或 hot
–est .
5 双音节或多音节的形容词可以在形容thin
useful
词原级前直接加 more / less或most careful
/ least 构成形容词的比较级和最高级
difficult
expensive
more difficult most difficult
less expensive least expensive
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2.不规则形容词的变化
ID 原级
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
good
well
bad
many
much
little
far
few
old
比较级
better
better
worse
more
more
less
farther , further
fewer
older , elder
最高级
best
best
worst
most
most
least
farthest , furthest
fewest
oldest , eldest
补充
表示多
用于不可数名词
much
more
the most
表示少 little
less
the least
用于可数名词
many
more
the most
few
fewer
the fewest
II.
副词比较级和最高级的形式
副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样。
一、一般副词
hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastest
late→later →latest early→earlier →earliest
二、特殊副词
well →better →best much →more →most
badly →worse →worst little →less →least
三、开放类副词
开放类副词即以后缀-ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er或-est，而应在副词原形前加more或most。如：clearly，slowly，quickly, quietly, safely
quickly →more quickly →most quickly
quietly →more quietly →most quietly
区别：friendly friendlier friendliest early, earlier, earliest
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III.
形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法
一、比较级
1．比较级通常由 “形容词(副词)比较级+than+…” 构成，表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加„„”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。如：
Mary is happier than Jane. 玛丽比珍妮幸福。（形容词和系词连用）
He lives more happily than I. 他过得比我幸福。（副词修饰行为动词）
2．注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如：
The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than it did for us.
Sound travels faster through water than through air.
3． 比较级前还可用much, even, still, a little等词语来修饰，表示“„„得多”，“甚至„„”， “更„„”，“„„一些”等意思。如：
Japan is a little larger than Germany. 日本比德国大一点儿。
用“…times + 形容词的比较级 + than…”句式表示倍数；用“表示数量的词 + 比较级”来表示具体的比较差别。如：
Our room is twice larger than theirs. 我们的房间比他们的大两倍。He is a head
taller than I. 他比我高一头。
4．隐含比较级
1）有时比较级并不一定出现than，这时通过上下文可暗示出。如：
Are you feeling better now? 你现在感觉好些了吗？
2）有些形容词在表示比较的时候，跟“to”而不用“than”。如：
prior to 较早的，较重要的
superior to优越，高于
inferior to 下等的，次的
senior to 年长的，地位高的
junior to年幼的，地位低的，迟的
preferable to 更好的
The task is prior to all others. 这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。
In maths he felt superior to John. 他觉得自己数学比约翰强。
He is two years senior to me. 他比我大两岁。
Health without riches is preferable to riches without health. 贫穷但健康要比富有却多病更可取。
5. 表示程度的递增（-er+-er或者more and more +多音节的形容词原级，越来越„„）
When winter comes, the days get colder and colder.
My hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.
表示两种情况同时变化。（the+比较级„, the+比较级 越来越„„）
The busier she is, the happier she feels.
The less she worried, the better she worked.
The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.
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二、最高级
1．最高级用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句” (如of all, of the three, in the world, that has ever
taken place等)。如：Of all of the writers in England, William Shakespeare is the
most widely known.
2．副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the。如：
He runs fastest of the three. 三个人中他跑得最快。
3．当用介词短语表明形容词最高级的比较范围，作介词宾语的名词或代词与句中的主语属同一类人或物，并把主语包括在内时，用介词of；如不属于同一类人或物，而只说明在某一时间、空间范围内的比较时，用介词in。如：
He is the tallest of the four boys. ( He 与boy属同类)
He is the tallest in our class. ( He与 class不属同类)
4．可以用原级，比较级，最高级三种形式来表示最高级的意思。如：
She is the best student in her class.
She is better than any other student in her class.
No other student in her class is better than she.
No other student in her class is as good as she.
区别：friendly friendlier friendliest
early, earlier, earliest
-同步练习
a ____ cough！You seem_____ill.
le，terribly ly，terrible le，terrible ly，terribly
2.I feel even_____now.
was very happy. She ran_____of all the runners.
t quickest t y
quiet，’s_____noisy here.
too many too much
5.———Have you _____ spoken to a foreigner？
———No，_____.
y，never ，never ，already ，ever
is taller than_________in his class.
boy other boy other boys
7.I’ll go and visit you ____ next week.
me mes times time
car is running________.It seems to be flying.
and faster and fast and fast and faster
h is as _____ as should learn it well.
ant important most important more important
is not so useful as ’s ________ useful than science.
C more D.a lot
’ve never heard of_____story before.
a strange strange a strange strange
must wear can keep your eyes______.
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my glasses to me，Jack.I can_____read the words in the newspaper.
C clearly
years _______，he become a driver.
lately
is ______ enough to carry the heavy box.
er stronger strongest
16.I bought _____ exercise-books with____money.
A.a few，a few B.a few，a little C.a little，a few D.a little，a little
box is _____ heavy for the girl____carry.
，to ，too ，that ，to
you have ____ to tell us？
ing new something ng new anything
19.———Do you think the fish tastes_______？
———She cooked it______，Ithink.
A good，good B well，good C well，well D good，well
played the piano_____than we had thought.
sful sfully successful successfully
形容词，副词比较级，最高级练习
I。 用适当形式填空：
is ___ _ ( young ) than Fred but ____ (tall) than Fred.
an is not as__________ (tall) as Yongxian.
3. Almost students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _____ (fat) than
before the holidays.
is ________ _ (heavy),a hen or a chicken?
5.-- How _________ (tall) is Sally?
-- She' s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What abodt Xiaoling?
-- She' s only 1.40 metres ________ (tall). She is much _______ (short) than Sally.
She is also the _______ (short) girl in the class.
6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is
the _________ (bad) at English.
7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.
is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think.
9. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive) than a story-book.
10. An orange ia a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a
watermelon.
11. The Changjiang River is the _______ (long) river in China.
12. Sue is a little ________ (beautiful) than her sister.
room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s.
14.--How difficult is physics?
--I' m not sure.
-- Is it ________ (difficult) than maths?
-- I don' t think so.
15.-- Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well).
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-- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the __________ (well).
16. Saturday is my _________ (busy) day in a week.
17. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and ________ (fat).
18. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _____________ (cheap) one.
19. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I.
book is not as _____________ (interesting) as that one.
classroom is __________(wide) and __________(bright) than ours.
22. Practise as __________ (much) as you can.
23. The ________ (much), the ____________ (good).
24. Nowadays English is __________( important ) than any other subject, 1 think.
25. Most of the students think a lion is much ________(dangerous) than a bear and
it is the __________ (dangerous) animal in the world.
II。改错：
1. He is as taller as I am.
2. She is a little thiner than she looks.
3. Bob is heavier than any other boys in the class.
girls study the better than the boy.
5. It is one of the most interesting book than I have ever read.
6. He says Mary is most friendliest person in the class.
7. Which city is most beautiful, Beijing or Guangzhou?
8. Jack works hard. Mike works very harder than Jack.
9. London is the bigger city in Britain.
plays football badly but Fred plays football much badlier than Bob.
III。完成句子：
1 她看起来不如玛丽年轻。
She doesn't look __________ _________ __________ Mary.
2.杰克的父亲比母亲大一岁。
Jack's father is __________ _________ _________ than her mother.
3.我们的教室比他们的明亮得多。
Our classroom is ___________ ___________ than theirs.
4。当心！这条路越来越危险。
Look out! The road is becoming ________ and _________ ________.
5.你喜欢哪种动物，猫还是狗？
Which animal do you like __________ , a cat or a dog?
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参考答案：
选择题：1-10ACBDB CDDAB
11-20ABABC BAADD
I. 1. younger, taller 2. tall 3. fatter 4. heavier
5. tall, tall, tall, shorter, shortest 6. bad, worse, worst
7. kindest 8. friendlier 9. more expensive
10. bigger, smaller 11. longer 12. more beautiful
13. big 14. more difficult 15. well, better, best
16. busiest 17. fatter, fatter 18. cheaper 19. earlier
20. interesting 21. wider, brighter
23. more, better 24. more important
III. 1. so/ as young as 2. one year older
4. more, more dangerous 5. better
22. much
3. much brighter
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25. more dangerous, most dangerous
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