ize后缀的单词及意思

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2024年1月29日发(作者：)

ize后缀的单词及意思

ize后缀的单词“organize”，“apologize”，“realize”等。动词后缀ize意为“make”，表示“使成...状态”、“使...化”等意思，加在英语形容词或者名词之后，使形容词或者名词变成动词，其名词形式是“ization”。

知识拓展：

常用的后缀

(1) 名词性后缀：

-age：marriage, shortage, coverage, percentage

-al (加在动词后)：arrival, survival, refusal, approval, proposal

-ance, -ence, -cy (加在动词或形容词后)：accuracy, allowance, annoyance, appearance,

assistance, dependence/independence, difference, distance, efficiency, evidence,

existence, frequency, guidance, ignorance, importance, intelligence,

patience/impatience, performance, preference, significance, silence, tolerance,

urgency

-ant (加在动词后，含义为“人”)：servant, assistant, accountant, attendant, consultant

-dom (多加在形容词后)：freedom, wisdom, boredom, kingdom

-ee (加在动词后，含义为“接/承受者”)：employee, interviewee, trainee, payee

-er (加在动词后，含义为“人”)：farmer, worker, driver, teacher, singer, dancer, maker,

designer, engineer, cleaner, reporter, player, painter, reader, officer, diver, leader,

manager, photographer, lawyer, waiter, fighter, passer-by, cashier, interpreter,

composer, firefighter, baker

-er (加在动词后，含义为“物”)：cooker, container, typewriter, heater, washer, cutter,

player, receiver

-ess (加在名词后，含义为“人(女性)”)：actress, goddess, hostess, poetess, princess,

stewardess, waitress

-ful (加在名词后，含义为“满满的量”)：basketful, spoonful, mouthful, handful

-hood：childhood, neighbourhood, brotherhood

-ial (加在动词后)：trial, denial, memorial

-ian (加在名词后，含义为“人”)：historian, librarian, magician, mathematician,

musician, politician, physician, statistician, technician, vegetarian

-ing (加在动词后)：beginning, building, crossing, ending, feeling, greeting, hearing,

meaning, painting, reminding, saying, suffering, training, understanding

-ion, -tion, -ation (加在动词后)：action, adaptation, addiction, admission, application,

appreciation, assumption, attraction, celebration, competition, conclusion,

congratulation, construction, decision, description, discussion, education, eruption,

exhibition, expectation, expression, graduation, hesitation, imagination, impression,

indication, inspiration, interruption, introduction, instruction, invention, invitation,

occupation, operation, organization, pollution, prediction, preparation, protection,

pronunciation, relaxation, satisfaction, solution, starvation, suggestion, translation

-ism (含义为“主义/学术(流派)”)：capitalism, heroism, tourism, optimism, pessimism

-ist (含义为“家/者”)：archaeologist, artist, biologist, botanist, chemist, communist,

economist, geologist, journalist, novelist, nutritionist, physicist, pianist,

psychologist, scientist, typist, tourist, violinist, zoologist

-ity, -ety (加在形容词后)：ability, activity, curiosity, diversity, equality, majority,

minority, popularity, possibility, reality, responsibility, security, similarity, society,

variety

-ment (加在动词后)：achievement, accomplishment, adjustment, advertisement,

agreement, amazement, amusement, appointment, argument, arrangement,

assessment, assignment, astonishment, development, disagreement,

disappointment, embarrassment, employment, enjoyment, entertainment,

equipment, excitement, government, improvement, judgement, management,

punishment, statement, treatment

-ness (加在形容词后)：awareness, carelessness, darkness, happiness, illness, kindness,

loneliness, rudeness, sadness, selfishness, sickness, usefulness, weakness

-or (含义为“人”)：actor, visitor, sailor, editor, educator, competitor, director,

inventor, translator, sculptor, inspector

-ship (加在名词或形容词后)：leadership, friendship, membership, hardship

-sion (加在动词后)：admission, decision, conclusion, admission, explosion,

expression, permission, possession, revision

-th (加在形容词后)：depth, growth, length, strength, truth, warmth, width

-ty (加在形容词后)：safety, cruelty

-ure (加在动词后)：exposure, failure, pleasure, pressure

-y (加在形容词或动词后)：difficulty, honesty, discovery, recovery, delivery, accuracy

(2) 动词性后缀：

动词性后缀常加在形容词后，使形容词变成动词。

-en (加在形容词或名词后，含义为“使…变得…”)：brighten, broaden, deepen, frighten,

lengthen, lessen, ripen, sharpen, shorten, soften, threaten, strengthen, weaken,

widen, worsen

-fy, -ify (加在名词后，含义为“使…变得…/…化”)：beautify, classify, identify, simplify,

purify, terrify

-ise, -ize (加在形容词或名词后，含义为“使…变得…/…化”)：apologize, legalize,

memorize, modernize, realize, socialize, specialize

(3) 形容词性后缀：

-able, -ible (加在动词或名词后，含义为“可…的，有…的”)：acceptable, accessible,

adaptable, adjustable, affordable, admirable, changeable, comfortable, drinkable,

enjoyable, forgettable, knowledgeable, reasonable, reliable, responsible, suitable,

terrible, valuable

-al (加名词后，含义为“有关的”)：additional, central, cultural, economical,

educational, global, logical, magical, medical, musical, national, natural, original,

personal, political, practical, professional, seasonal, traditional

-(i)(a)n (加国家或大洲名词后，含义为“…的”)：Canadian, Australian, Asian, African,

American, European, Indian

-ant, -ent：confident, dependent, different, ignorant, independent, intelligent,

significant

-ary, -ory：revolutionary, imaginary

-ed(加在动词或名词后，含义为“…的”)：balanced, colored, crowded, determined,

devoted, experienced, gifted, learned, limited, organized, skilled, spotted, talented,

united, warm-hearted

-en (加在名词后，含义为“…制成的”)：wooden, golden, woolen

-ern (加在方向名词后)：eastern, western, northern, southern, northeastern,

southwestern

-ful (加在名词后，含义为“(有)…的”)：careful, colorful, fearful, harmful, helpful,

hopeful, meaningful, painful, thankful, useful, wonderful

-ial (加在名词后，含义为“(有)…的”)：facial, racial, social, official, partial, beneficial,

commercial, financial, industrial

-ic, -tic, fic：dramatic, economic, energetic, enthusiastic, heroic, historic, optimistic,

pessimistic, romantic, scientific, sympathetic

-ish (加在名词后，含义为“有…特征的”)：foolish, childish, selfish

-ive(-tive, -ative) (加在动词或名词后，含义为“有…倾向的”)：active, attractive,

constructive, effective, expensive, impressive, objective, protective, sensitive,

subjective, talkative

-less (加在名词后，含义为“没有…的”)：aimless, careless, countless, endless, fearless,

harmless, helpless, homeless, hopeless, meaningless, useless

-like：childlike, tiger-like

-ly (多加在名词后)：brotherly, daily, deadly, friendly, lovely, manly, weekly, yearly

-ous (加在名词后，含义为“有…性质的”)：adventurous, ambitious, anxious, cautious,

courageous, continuous, dangerous, envious, famous, glorious, humorous,

mountainous, mysterious, poisonous, religious

-proof (加在名词后，含义为“防…的”)：waterproof, bulletproof, lightproof

-some：troublesome, tiresome

-y (加在名词后”)：angry, cloudy, dirty, dusty, foggy, guilty, hairy, healthy, hungry, icy,

lucky, noisy, rainy, salty, sandy, shiny, sleepy, snowy, sunny, tasty, thirsty, wealthy,

windy

(4) 副词性后缀：

-ly：luckily, clearly, fairly, rapidly, strangely, happily, extremely, surprisingly

-ward(s)：backward(s), downward(s), eastward(s), forward(s), upward(s), westward(s)

(5) 数词性后缀：

-teen (13-19含义为“十几”)：fourteen, eighteen, thirteen

-ty (20-90含义为“几十”)：forty, fifty, sixty

-th (含义为“第…”(不含1, 2, 3))：twelfth, twentieth.

本文标签： 名词含义动词后缀形容词