2015年考研英语二真题及答案(完整版)

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2015年考研英语二真题及答案（完整版）

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C

or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)

In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with - or even looking at - a

stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they cling to their

phones, even without a 1 on a subway.

It’s a sad reality - our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings- because there’s 2

to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn’t know it, 3 into your

phone. This universal protection sends the 4 :“Please don’t approach me.”

What is it that makes us feel we need to hid 5 our screens?

One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, an executive mental coach. We fear

rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as “weird.” We fear we’ll be 7 . We fear

we’ll be disruptive.

Strangers are inherently 8 to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with

them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this uneasiness, we 10 to turn our

phones. “Phones become our security blanket,” Wortmann says. “They are our happy glasses that

protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .”

But once we rip off the band-aid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn’t

12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana

Schroeder asked commuters todo the unthinkable:“Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters

talk to their fellow 14 . When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train

station to 15 how the would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would

be more pleasant if they sat on thier own,” The New York Times summarizes. Though the

participants didn’t expect a positive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, “not a single

person reported having been embarrassed.”

18 these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those without

communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections.

It's that 20 : Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.

1.[A]ticket [B]permit [C]signal [D]record

2.[A]nothing [B]little [C]another [D]much

3.[A]beaten [B]guided [C]plugged [D]brought

4.[A]message [B]code [C]notice [D]sign

5.[A]under [B]beyond [C]behind [D]from

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6.[A]misinterpreted [B]misapplied [C]misadjusted [D]mismatched

7.[A]fired [B]judged [C]replaced [D]delayed

8.[A]unreasonable [B]ungrateful [C]unconventional [D]unfamiliar

9.[A]comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D]angry

10.[A]attend [B]point [C]take [D]turn

11.[A]dangerous [B] mysterious [C]violent [D]boring

12.[A]hurt [B] resist [C]bend [D]decay

13.[A]lecture [B]conversation [C]debate [D]negotiation

14.[A]trainees [B]employees [C]researchers [D]passengers

15.[A]reveal [B]choose [C]predict [D]design

16.[A]voyage [B]flight [C]walk [D]ride

17.[A]went through [B]did away [C]caught up [D]put up

18.[A]In turn [B]In particular [C]In fact [D]In consequence

19. [A]unless [B]since [C]if [D]whereas

20. [A]funny [B]simple [C]logical [D]rare

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C,or D.

Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)

Text 1

A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys，people are actually more stressed at

home than at work. Researchers measured people’s cortisol, which is a stress marker, while they

were at were work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a

place of refuge.

“Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have

lower levels of stress at work than at home.”Write one of the researchers, Sarah fact

women even say they feel better at work, she notes, “It is men, not women, who report being

happier at home than at work.” Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with

children and without, but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the home

have better health.

What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when they’re at home,

whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the

workday is a time to kick back. For women who say home, they never get to leave the office. And

for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch—up—with—household tasks.

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With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in

making adjustments for working women, it’s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.

But it’s not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what they’re supposed to

be doing： working, making money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income.

The bargain is very pure; Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws

out life—sustaining moola.

On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the

division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done,there

are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues—your family—have no clear

rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues—your family—have no clear rewards for their

labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they’re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of

all electronic devices. Plus, they’re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get

to go home from home.

So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently

infinite, the co—workers are much harder to motivate.

ing to Paragraph 1，most previous surveys found that home .

[A]was an unrealistic place for relaxation

[B]generated more stress than the workplace

[C]was an ideal place for stress measurement

[D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace

ing to Damaske，who are likely to be the happiest at home?

[A]Working mothers

[B]Childless husbands

[C]Childless wives

[D]Working fathers

blurring of working women’s roles refers to the fact that .

[A]they are both bread winners and housewives

[B]their home is also a place for kicking back

[C]there is often much housework left behind

[D]it is difficult for them to leave their office

word “moola”(Tine 4，Para 4)most probably means .

[A]energy

[B]skills

[C]earnings

[D]nutrition

home front differs from the workplace in that .

[A]home is hardly a cozier working environment

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[B]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut

[C]household tasks are generally more motivating

[D]family labor is often adequately rewarded

Text 2

For years, studies have found that first-generation college student – those who do not have a

parent with a college degree – lag other students on a range of education achievement factors.

Their grades are lower than and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most

likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have

pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation student, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has

“continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close.” An achievement gap based on social class,

according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.

But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem,

suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63

percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and

other students.

The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a

study involving 147 students (who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First

generation was defined as not having parent with four-year college degree. Most of the first-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant of undergraduates

with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent

with four-year degree.

Their thesis – that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact – was based on

the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical

knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past

research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the

achievement gap.

Many first-generation students “struggled to navigate the middle-class culture of higher

education, learn the ‘rules of the game,’ and take advantage of college resources,” they write. And

this becomes more of a problem when colleges don’t talk about the class advantages and

disadvantages of different groups of students. Because US colleges and universities seldom

acknowledge how social class can affect students’ educational experiences, many first-generation

students lack of sight about why they are struggling and do not understand students ‘like them’

can improve.”

26. Recruiting more first-generation students has .

[A]. reduced their dropout rates

[B]. narrowed the achievement gap

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[C]. missed its original purpose

[D]. depressed college students

27. The author of the research article are optimistic because .

[A]. the problem is solvable

[B]. their approach is costless

[C]. the recruiting rate has increased

[D]. their findings appeal to students

28. The study suggests that most first-generation students .

[A]. study at private universities

[B]. are from single-parent families

[C]. are in need of financial support

[D]. have failed their college

29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students .

[A]. are actually indifferent to the achievement gap

[B]. can have a potential influence on other projects

[C]. may lack opportunities to apply research projects

[D]. are inexperienced in handling their issues at college

30. We may infer from the last paragraph that .

[A]. universities often reject the culture of their middle-class

[B]. students are usually to blame for their lack of resources

[C]. social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences.

[D].colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question

Text 3

Even in traditional offices, “the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more

emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,” said Harvard Business School

professor Nancy Koehn. She started spinning off examples. “If you and I parachuted back to

Fortune 500 companies in 1990, we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey,

mission, passion. There were goals, there were strategies, there were objectives, but we didn’t talk

about energy; we didn’t talk about passion.”

Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented—and

not by coincidence. “Let’s not forget sports—in male-dominated corporate America, it’s still a big

deal. It’s not explicitly conscious; it’s the idea that I’m a coach, and you’re my team, and we’re in

this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies, but most think of

themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.”

These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and, as Khurana points out,

increase allegiance to the firm. “You have the importation of terminology that historically used to

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be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations: Terms like vision, values,

passion, and purpose,” said Khurana.

This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly

loud debates over work-life balance. The “mommy wars” of the 1990s are still going on today,

prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s

Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug, offline, life-hack,

bandwidth, and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home. But if

your work is your “passion,” you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it, even if that means

going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.

But this seems to be the irony of office speak: Everyone makes fun of it, but managers love it,

companies depend on it, and regular people willingly absorb it. As Nunberg said, “You can get

people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.” In a workplace that’s

fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, office speak can help you figure out how

you relate to your work—and how your work defines who you are.

31. According to Nancy Koehn ,office languages become_____.

[A] more emotional

[B] more objective

[C] less energetic

[D] less strategic

32.”Team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to_____.

[A] historical incidents

[B] gender difference

[C] sports culture

[D] athletic executives

a believes that the importation of terminology aims to_____.

[A] revive historical terms

[B] promote company image

[C] forster corporate cooperation

[D] strengthen employee loyalty

can be inferred that Lean In_____.

[A]voices for working women

[B] appeals to passionate workaholics

[C] triggers debates among mommies

[D] praises motivated employees

of the following statements is ture about office speak?

[A]Managers admire it but avoid it.

[B] Linguists believe it to be nonsense.

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[C]Companies find it to be fundamental.

[D] Regular people mock it but accept it.

Text 4

Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along

with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1percent, as good news. And they were right. For now

it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back

to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.

However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked.

There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This

figure is now 830,000 (4.4 percent) above its year ago level.

Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important

distinction. Many people who work part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in

involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many

people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.

There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been

down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down

by 640,000(7.9percent) from is its year level.

We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because

people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35

hours in the reference week. If the answer is “yes,” they are classified as working part-time. The

survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to

work less than full time or because they had no choice. They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.

The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purpose was

to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people, especially those with

serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions, before Obamacare the

only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.

However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance

through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to

get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With

Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.

part of the jobs picture was neglected?

[A] The prospect of a thriving job market.

[B] The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.

[C] The possibility of full employment.

[D] The acceleration of job creation.

people work part-time because they_____.

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[A] prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs.

[B] feel that is enough to make ends meet.

[C] cannot get their hands on full-time jobs.

[D] haven’t seen the weakness of the market.

ntary part-time employment in the US____.

[A] is harder to acquire than one year ago.

[B] shows a general tendency of decline.

[C] satisfies the real need of the jobless.

[D] is lower than befor the recession.

can be learned that with Obamacare,_____.

[A] it is no longer easy for part-times to get insurance.

[B] employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance.

[C] it is still challenging to get insurance for family members.

[D] full-time employment is still essential for insurance.

text mainly discusses_____.

[A] employment in the US.

[B] part-timer clssification.

[C] insurance through Medicaid.

[D] Obamacare’s trouble.

PART B

Directions:

Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading

from the list A-G for each paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not

need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

[A]You are not alone

[B]Don’t fear responsibility for your life

[C]Pave your own unique path

[D] Most of your fears are unreal

[E] Think about the present moment

[F]Experience helps you grow

[G]There are many things to be grateful for

Some Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough Times

Unfortunately, life is not a bed of roses. We are going through life facing sad experiences.

Moreover, we are grieving various kinds of loss: a friendship, a romantic relationship or a house.

Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time, but you

should remember that they won't last forever.

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When our time of mourning is over, we press forward, stronger with a greater understanding

and respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward

future opportunities for growth and happiness. I want to share these old truths I've learned along

the way.

41.__________________

Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us by

signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately, people create inner barriers with a

help of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said, “Fear is not real. It is a product

of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice.”I do

completely agree that fears are just the product of own luxuriant imagination.

42.__________________

If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about past, try to focus on the

present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. You may

feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you

cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoy

the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you.

Happiness is not point of future and not a moment from the past, but a mindset thancan be

designed in to the present.

43.__________________

Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going to through tough times. You can be

easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have.

Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about

something.

44.__________________

No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, you should always

remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to

help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life, especially your dearest and nearest

people. You may have a circle of friends or relatives, try to participate in several online

communities, full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.

45.__________________

Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining

objectivity from external sources. This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are

incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important

you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin,

think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.

Section III Translation

46. Directions

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Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

(15 points)

Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your comminutes to work, a trip

into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist step turn like the back of your

hand. On these steps of trips it’s easy to lose concentration is that you perceive that the trip has

taken less time than it actually has.

This is the well-travelled road effect. People tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a

familiar route.

The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And

afterward, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we

didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter.

Section IV Writing

Part A

47. Directions

Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school students. Write a

note to

1) briefly introduce the camp activities, and

2) call for volunteers

You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.

Do not use your name or the name of your university.

Do not write your address. (10 points)

Part B

48. Directions:

Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should

1) interpret the chart, and

2) give your comments

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)

--------------------【参考答案】--------------------

Section I Use of English

1. [C]signal

2. [D]much

3. [C]plugged

4. [A]message

5. [C]behind

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6. [A]misinterpreted

7. [B]judged

8. [D]unfamiliar

9. [B] anxious

10. [D]turn

11. [A]dangerous

12. [A]hurt

13. [B]conversation

14. [D]passengers

15. [C]predict

16. [D]ride

17. [A]went through

18. [C]In fact

19. [B]since

20. [B]simple

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

21. [D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace

22. [B]Childless husbands

23. [A]they are both bread winners and housewives

24. [C]earnings

25. [B]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut

26. [C] missed its original purpose

27. [A] the problem is solvable

28. [C] are in need of financial support

29. [D] are inexperienced in handling their issues at college

30. [D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question

31. [A] more emotional

32. [C] sports culture

33. [D] strengthen employee loyalty

34. [A]voices for working women

35. [D] Regular people mock it but accept it.

36. [B] The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.

37. [C] cannot get their hands on full-time jobs.

38. [B] shows a general tendency of decline.

39. [B] employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance.

40. [A] employment in the US.

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Part B

41. [D] Most of your fears are unreal

42. [E] Think about the present moment

43. [G] There are many things to be grateful for

44. [A] You are not alone

45. [C] Pave your own unique path

Section III Translation

46.

设想一下，你正开车行驶在一条非常熟悉的路线上。可以是你每天上下班、去城里、或者回家的路。不管是什么路，你对每一个拐每一个弯都了如指掌，非常熟 悉。在这样的路途中，我们容易在开车的时候心不在焉，对途中的景色也几乎是全然不顾。结果是你觉得路途上所花的时间比实际要少。

这就是所谓的“熟悉路线效应”：人们往往会低估在熟悉的线路上所花费的时间。

这种效应是由于我们注意力分配的方式不同引起的。如果我们行驶在熟悉的路线上，因为不需要太集中精力，会感觉时间流逝较快。以后，一旦回想这段路程，因为注意力没有集中在此，我们就会全然忘记。这样，我们就会觉得路程更短。

小作文范文

Volunteers Needed

June 1, 2015

In order to improve high school students’ abilities and to enrich their after-class activities, our

university is going to hold a summer camp in our campus during this summer vacation.

These high school students will be involved in various activities, including taking part in

speeches and debates, attending group discussions, and so on. First of all, a variety of activities

organized by us could show their outstanding abilities and to help them develop a range of

practical skills. What is more, their active participation helps in strengthening the sense of

responsibility and developing interpersonal relationship.

Those who are interested in being volunteers may sign up with the monitor of their class

before June 10, 2015. Come and join us now. (119 words)

The Students’ Union

大作文范文

The pie chart above clearly illustrates the percentage of the residents’ spending during the

Spring Festival Vacation in a certain city of China. From the statistics given, we may draw the

conclusion that the percentage of New Year presents is highest among all the four categories, at

approximately 40%, whereas the data of transport, gathering and dining, as well as others account

for about 20% respectively.

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The fundamental factors that contribute to the aforementioned tendency may be summarized

as follows. To start with, a New Year gift might be memorable because of the special occasion

when people give it to you. If the present is something that only your best friend knew you had

wanted, you will never forget it in that it shows the closeness of your relationship with that friend.

In addition, festival presents might be unforgettable since they are related to significant events in

your life. For instance, I still remember the first New Year gift my best friend, Neo gave me.

In summary, people spend a lot on Spring Festival presents for a large number of reasons.

Some gifts might be memorable owing to the special person who gave the gift. Others are

unforgettable due to the significance of the event. Most of all, it is easy to remember special

presents as they give you a significant sense of personal worth. (225 words)

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