研究生综合英语2复旦大学版(修订本)中英文翻译

admin管理员组

文章数量:1531692

2024年4月27日发(作者：)

要善于恭维他人，重要的一步就是要懂得为什么恭维会有助于你建立更好的

人际关系。恭维之所以奏效，最根本的原因是恭维符合了人类行为的一个基本原

则：人们渴望得到赏识。尽管文化背景各不相同，但绝大多数人都有类似的想法。

在亚洲文化中，人们对群体赏识的渴求一般要强于对个体赏识的渴求。但不管怎

样，人们渴望赏识是普遍存在的。

很多人认为，工作本身带来的乐趣要比外界赏识包括恭维更为重要。工作的

乐趣也许是一种巨大的动力，但是即使是那些从工作中得到极大乐趣的人如科学

家、艺术家、摄影师也渴望得到恭维和认可，否则他们就不会去竞争诺贝尔奖或

在重要的展览会上展示他们的作品了。

恭维之所以奏效，还因为他与人们对认可的正常需要有关。尽管有一些关于

恭维的书和文章问世，并对恭维极力进行宣扬，但是大多数人还是没有得到应有

的赏识。很多人无论在工作上或在家里都很少受到赞美，所以对认可的渴求就更

加强烈了。

An important step in becoming an effective flatterer is to understand why flattery

helps you establish better relationships with others. The root cause of the power of

flattery gets at a basic principle of human behavior: People crave being appreciated.,

The vast majority of people are of the similar idea despite different cultures. In Asian

cultures the desire for group recognition is generally stronger than the desire for

individual recognition. Nevertheless, the need for recognition is present.

Many people hold that the joy of work itself is more important than external

recognition, including flattery. The joy of work may be a powerful motivator, but

even those who get the biggest joy from their work--- such as scientists, artists, and

photographers --- crave flattery and recognition. Otherwise they wouldn’t compete for

Nobel Prizes or enter their work in important exhibitions.

Another reason flattery is so effective relates to the normal need to be recognized.

Although some articles and books have been written and preached zealously about

flattery, most people receive less recognition than they deserve. Many people hardly

ever receive compliments either on the job or at home, thus intensifying their

demand for recognition.

认可：recognition 恭维：flattery 赞美：compliment

鲜花是最常送的礼物之一。有一种传统的用鲜花表达的语言。精心挑选的一束花会可以传达

多种不同的情感与祝福。红玫瑰象征着爱情也象征着新事业充满希望的开端；紫罗兰是祈求

收花人不要忘却送花人。兰花以及其他精美的花卉则表示受花人认为你情调高雅、受人尊重、

出类拔萃。

送一束鲜花能唤起温馨的回忆，比那些仅仅显示炫耀和奢华的礼物更为珍贵。一位顾客请花

商把一束特殊的黄中透红的玫瑰送到医院——他母亲患重病正躺在那里。这位顾客说：他们

一直是我母亲最喜爱的鲜花，许多年前她在自己的婚礼上捧过这种花。花商寻找了一个星期

才找到她想要的花。这位顾客的母亲看到鲜花后十分欣喜。

此外，送鲜花还能增进夫妻间的情感。一位医生在他57岁的生日那天，收到了一份更意味

深长的鲜花礼物。当他下班回到家时，惊喜的看到他家门前的草坪被改变成了玫瑰园，种有

57丛玫瑰，他说：这是妻子送给我的一份令人惊喜的、使我焕然一新的礼物——它提醒我

永远别忘了她。

Flowers are among the most frequently given gifts. There’s a traditional floral

language, and a carefully selected bouquet or plant can convey a wide range of

emotions and sentiments. Red roses symbolize love as well as the hopeful beginning

of a new enterprise; violets beseech the recipient not to forget the donor; orchids

and other exquisite blooms indicate that the recipient regards you as exotic,

precious and rare.

A floral gift that evokes warm recollections will be prized more than one that is

simply showy and extravagant. A customer asked a florist to deliver a bouquet of a

certain variety of rose—yellow tinged with red—to a hospital where her mother lay

seriously ill. “They’ve been my mother’s favorite flowers since she carried them at

her wedding many years ago,” she said. The florist found the flowers she wanted after

a week of searching. The customer’s mother was delighted at the sight of the flowers.

In addition, a floral gift can also strengthen the emotional ties between husband

and wife. A doctor, on his 57th birthday, received an ambitious floral gift. When he

returned home from work, much to his joyful surprise, he found his front lawn turned

into a rose garden containing 57 bushes. “It was a wonderful, self-renewing gift from

my wife—a constant reminder of her.” he said.

收花人：recipient 送花人：donor 花束：bouquet 花商：florist 鲜花的：floral

就心理方面而言，在老年阶段有两种危险要加以警惕。其一是过度沉湎于往事。人活在回忆

之中、活在对过去美好时光的惋惜之中、活在对已故友人的悲伤之中，都是不行的。一个人

的思想必须面向未来，面向那些值得做的事情。这一点并不总是很容易做到；一个人的过去

会逐步对他产生越来越大的影响。他很容易自己想到，过去的情感比现在要强烈得多，过去

的思维比现在要敏锐得多。如果确实如此，那么就应该将它忘却，如果它被忘却了，就可能

不是真的。

另一件应该避免的事情是依恋年轻人，希望从他们身上汲取活力。当你的孩子长大成人时，

他们希望过自己的生活。如果你继续对他们关心备至，就像你对他们幼年时那样，你可能会

成为他们的负担，除非他们对此无动于衷。这并不是说你不应该关心他们，但你对他们的关

爱应该是思想上的，如果可能的话，给他们一点仁爱，但不要过分感情用事。动物在幼崽一

有能力照料自己时就不再关心它们了，但人类由于婴儿期较长的缘故，就难以做到这一点。

Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these

is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for

the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. One’s thoughts must

be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done.

This is not always easy; one’s own past is a gradually increasing weight. It is easy

to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and

one’s mind more keen. If this is true it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it

will probably not be true.

The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking

vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own

lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were

young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous.

This does not mean that one should be without interest in them, but one’s interest

should be contemplative and, if possible, philanthropic, but not unduly emotional.

Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after

themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.

在中国，很多父母都会为孩子能够进入好学校而不遗余力的奔波，甚至花上大笔择校费为孩

子进入重点学校铺路。英国虽然国立中小学没有重点与非重点之分，但各校教育质量差异很

大，英国父母为了让子女进入教育质量好的学校，也在绞尽脑脑汁想办法，其操心劳力、焦

虑的程度绝不亚于中国的父母。

入学申请表是家长向学校提交的重要材料。在填写入学申请表时，某些家长为了让孩子能够

在好学校就读，没有如实交代家庭住址。英国每年都有数百起、甚至数千起这样的入学申请

舞弊事件，且家长们的手段越来越高明。一些人用亲戚的地址，一些人用办公室的地址，有

人正确填写了家庭住址，但故意填错了邮政编码，因为他们知道这所学校是通过邮政编码来

计算家庭住址与学校之间的距离的。有些家长为了向学校出示家庭税收凭证以证明其家庭住

址，甚至真的到税务所去为一个并非他们居住地的地址交税。

In China, a large number of parents spare no efforts to work for selecting a

better school for their children, and even spend a large sum of money as long as their

children can go to the key schools. The same case also occurs in Britain. Although

there is no distinction between key public schools and non-key public schools, yet

the quality of education in each school is of great difference. Therefore, the parents

also leave no stones unturned in order to find a better school for their children. The

degree of their anxieties is no less than that of Chinese parents.

The first step to get in a school is to fill in the application forms. Since these

application forms are considered as very important materials to get access to a better

school, some parents cheat by writing down wrong home addresses. Hence, every

year in Britain finds hundreds of or thousands of such cheating events and the ways of

cheating are increasingly “wiser”. For example, some fill in the relatives’ address or

the office’s address instead, others write down the correct home address but with a

wrong post code, because they know the school will calculate the distance between

the school and home according to the post code. Moreover, some parents even go to

Tax Bureau to pay tax for a place where they don’t stay at all, so that they could get

the tax payment receipt and present it to the school as a proof of valid home

address.

Cover Letter(简历附信)

1. I am writing to you in response to your advertisement for a secretary.

I wish to apply for a position with your office as a secretary.

I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of job you are advertising in..

2. I have enclosed a copy of my resume for your interview.

As you can see from my enclosed resume, my education，experience and

qualifications match this position’s requirements.

I have ten years experience in XX

If you would like to schedule an interview or discuss my interest in this position,

please call me at XX, I will be available at your convenience.

I look forward to an opportunity to speak with you in person.

3 Thank you for your consideration. Looking forward to your reply.

Invitation letters

(1) It is my pleasure to invite you to attend the 30th.. Founding Anniversary of our

university.

(2)On behalf of Motorola Cooperation, I am pleased to invite you to visit our

company for 3 days, for the purpose of better understanding and cooperation, during

November 21-23,2007.

(3) It is an event of exceptional importance.

(4) A wide range of issues will be discussed at the meeting.

(5) We hope to meet you and have you as our guests in Hefei.

(6) I would be glad if you would attend to the conference.

(7)Since you are familiar with the field, we know your views will be extremely

interesting to us.

You will receive further details later, but we would appreciate having your acceptance

soon so we may complete our agenda.

Accepting an invitation（接受信）

(1) Thank you for your kind invitation to… and I will be more than happy to accept

it.

(2) It will be a new experience for me and I look forward to it.

(3) I am free on May 4 for your opening ceremony; I have already marked it on my

calendar.

(4) I plan to attend the meeting you have planned for January 9, at 9:00 a.m

Rejection letter（拒绝信）

I appreciate very much your kind invitation to attending XX on May 13th, I would

love to come, but regret that I have already accepted an invitation for that evening.

Wish the conference a great success and hope that you will send me another invitation

at some future date.

Inquiry letter(咨询信、询价信)

We are XX，in Wuhan, and we are interested in your products.

Please quote us your lowest prices for the following goods.

It would also be helpful if you could send us some samples and if they are of the

standard we require, we will place a substantial order. We would also like to know if

you are offering any trade discounts.

Reply to an inquiry letter

I was very pleased to receive your inquiry of January 15 and enclose the latest price

list given the details requested.

On regular purchases of quantities of not less than 500 individual items, we would

allow a trade discount of 33%.

We look forward to receiving a trial order from you soon.

Recommendation Letter(推荐信)

It gives me pleasure to recommend Wang Lin, one of my students, as a candidate

for your Ph. D program. I am confident that his character and scholarship measure

up to your university’s high standards.

If you require any further information, please do not hesitate to get in touch with

me/contact me personally at the above address/telephone number.

本文标签： 恭维学校鲜花赏识