2019版北师大版高中英语新教材(选修第一册课文中英文翻译(全)部

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北师大版高中英语新教材(选择性必修第一册)课文 （Unit 1)

Lesson 1 Teachers第一课 老师

My teacher我的老师

I haven’t seen Mr Jenkins since I left school, but I often think about him. I wasn’t very good at most school subjects before I

met Mr Jenkins. I suppose I was a bit lazy, especially in maths. The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the

angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees! But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins’ class, I really became interested in

a subject for the first time.

虽然离开学校之后再也没有见过詹金斯先生，但我经常想起他。在遇到詹金斯先生之前，大多数科目我都不是很擅

长。我想我那时候有点懒惰，特别是在数学方面。我唯一还记得的数学课内容是三角形的内角和180度！但是在15

岁那年，我走进了詹金斯先生的课堂，第一次对一个学科真正产生了兴趣。

Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me. I had no idea what hydrogen

was, and I didn’t really want to know, either! I found it all so boring and difficult. But Mr Jenkins made everything

interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language. One

day, he took us outside, and we built a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket, and then another

student lit a match to set it off. It was great fun.

在上詹金斯先生的课之前，科学课对我来说就是一堆奇怪的词语。我不知道氢是什么，而且也不想知道！我觉得这

些东西既无聊又难以理解。但詹金斯先生让一切变得有趣起来。他结合很多实际例子用简单的语言解释看似很难的

知识。有一天，他把我们带到户外，一起制造了一枚火箭！我记得他让我把燃料倒进火箭，然后另一名学生点燃了

一根火柴发射火箭。这非常有趣。

I know that I wasn’t a willing student, but I wasn't slow to learn new things. The problem was that I lacked confidence in

myself. Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths. I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he

asked me to give a presentation to the class. That was really the first time I tried to explain science to an audience and now

it’s my job! Often when I’m preparing a programme, I think about how Mr Jenkins would have done it. Sometimes I think,

if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!

我知道自己不是一个主动学习的学生，但我学习新事物并不慢，问题是对自己缺乏信心。詹金斯先生让我认识到我

有自己的长处。我对恒星和行星的研究很感兴趣，他让我给全班同学做一个展示。这是我第一次尝试向观众讲解科

学知识，现在这成了我的工作！在准备一个项目时，我常会想如果是詹金斯先生，他会怎么做。有时甚至想，如果

能打电话征求他的意见就好了！

选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 P8

My student我的学生

I’ve read a couple of Graham's books and seen him on TV. I always say to my wife, “Oh look, I used to teach him!” I

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remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class. I had heard stories about his bad behaviour. Once I

caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage! But when he got interested, he changed.

The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored, but as soon as I set up

an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion, he gave me his full attention. He loved

science! He was very bright and he had done very well in science subjects.

我读了几本格雷厄姆的书，也在电视上看到过他。我总会对妻子说：“喏，看，我曾经教过他！”我记得格雷厄姆来

我的班上之前学习很成问题。我听说过一些他的不良行为。有一次我撞见他和几个朋友比赛，看谁能从学校的舞台

上跳得最远。但当他对学习产生兴趣时，他变了。第一次走进我的班级时，他书包在身后拖着，一幅百无聊赖的样

子，当我用酸和洋葱做了一个展示人类的胃如何运作的实验时，他全神贯注。他爱科学！他非常聪明，科学课学得

非常好。

However, I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham. I think it's important to understand that

there's no such thing as a good or a bad student. Look at Graham! Everyone is good at something and it's important to find

out what that is for each student. We teachers should have more time to make friends with all our students and really

understand them. Then we could make sure that we found the path to success, both at school and in later life, for all of them.

不过，并不是每一个学生我都能像教格雷厄姆那么成功。我认为重要的是要知道没有所谓的好学生或者坏学生。看

看格雷厄姆!每个人都有擅长的事，重要的是要找出每个学生擅长的是什么。我们老师应该花更多的时间和所有的学

生交朋友，真正了解他们。这样才能确保我们为他们都找到了通向成功的道路，不管在学业上还是以后的生活中。

I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do. The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to

children's minds when they are open and eager to learn. If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such

a successful adult, then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile. As John Dewey, the famous educationalist, said, “Education

is not preparation for life; education is life itself.”

我知道我选择了一份压力很大的工作，但我爱我的工作。做教师意味着，你有机会在孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习的

时候，走进他们的心灵。作为老师如果可以帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成长为如此成功的人，那么我知道我做的是

值得的。正如著名教育家约翰·杜威所说：“教育不是为生活做准备；教育就是生活本身。”

Lesson 3 So Close, Yet So Far第三课 这么近，但又那么远

Mark never stops socializing with his friends online. But he’s also never felt more alone.

马克一直在和网上的朋友们交往却也从未感到如此孤独。

Where am I? What am I doing? If you're one of my 500 friends online, you’ll always be the first to know. My phone and

laptop are never out of touching distance, so I’m constantly posting updates on social media—whether I’m having a coffee,

on my way to school, even when I’m in the shower. As soon as I open my eyes in the morning, I check

through all my social networking apps, read my emails and answer text messages. I do the same thing all over again while

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I’m having breakfast.

我在哪里？我在做什么？如果你是我的500个网友之一，你总会第一个知道。我的手机和笔记本电脑一直在身边，

所以我可以不断地在社交媒体上更新——无论是在喝咖啡、上学的路上、看电视……甚至在洗澡的时候。早上一睁

开眼，我就会立刻查看所有社交网络应用程序，阅读电子邮件并回复短信。我在吃早餐的时候会再做一遍这些事情。

I live in a university dorm with a couple of great roommates. I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all

the people I associate with online. Yet the truth of the matter is: I feel lonely.

我住在大学宿舍里，室友们都很好。我总是不停地收到交往的网友发来的信息和最新消息。然而事实却是：我感到

孤独。

I’m barely the only person who feels this way. According to research, over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make

friends online than it is “in real life”. I’m way beyond a shy or reserved person, but I’m wired up every day, like most of my

friends. On the surface, I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but I’m always distracted. They say that

phones bring people closer together but in reality, my mind is always a million miles away. I obsess over exactly how many

followers I have on my account, but I can’t remember the birthdays of some of my oldest mates.

我不是唯一个有这种感觉的人。研究显示，超过三分之二的年轻人发现在网上交朋友比在“现实生活中”交朋友更容

易。我远非一个害羞或含蓄的人，但是我每天都在网上，我的朋友们大多也是如此。从表面上看，我的社交生活很

丰富。我也参加派对和体育运动，但总是不能专心。他们说手机让人们联系更加紧密，但实际上，我的思绪总是“飞

到十万八千里之外。我总是掂记自己的账号有多少人关注，但却记不起一些老朋友的生日。

Social networking dominates my life in so many ways. Sometimes I set deadlines for myself: I will start doing my

homework at 8 pm, and aim to finish in two hours. At 7.50 pm, I'm still scrolling through my friends’ silly posts and photos.

Before I know it, it's 9.30 pm and I still haven’t moved an inch from the sofa. I download song after song, video after video,

but I’m not really paying attention. The stimulation is in chasing after the next song rather than truly enjoying it. My friends

try to drag me away from my phone, but as soon as I’m alone again, I’m desperate to get back to the online world and the

intense activity that it provides.

社交网络在很多方面都控制着我的生活。有时我会为自己设定截止时间：我要在晚上8点开始做作业，并且要在两

小时内完成。晚上7:50，我还在浏览朋友们发的无聊帖子和照片。等我意识到的时候已经是晚上9:30了，我还在沙

发上坐着一动没动。我下载一首又一首歌曲、一个又一个视频，但其实并不在意。刺激来自于获取下一首歌而不是

真正欣赏音乐。朋友们试图让我远离手机，但是一旦我独自一人，就会不顾一切地回到网络世界和网上紧张的活动

中。

I constantly feel depressed, dissatisfied and alone. Since I spend so much time socialising online, I keep delaying things that

are important in my real life: homework, tasks, connecting with my friends and family members in a meaningful way. It’s

funny that my friends and I chatter away online so much, but we end up having nothing to say when we meet.

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我经常感到沮丧、不满和孤独。因为我花了很多时间上网社交，所以我一直在推迟现实生活中重要的事情：家庭作

业、任务、以有意义的方式和家人朋友联系。有趣的是，我和朋友们经常在网上聊天，但我们见面时却无话可说。

A few days ago, I went out for a dinner get-together with some friends. My best friend left the table for 30 minutes because

he had to take a call. Some spent the dinner bent over their phones, texting friends online but ignoring the ones who sat right

in front of them. And the extraordinary thing is nobody thought this was rude; it’s just how life is nowadays. On a family

holiday last summer, my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to charge her phone. When it was charged,

she just spent hours reading about her favourite popstar; not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.

几天前，我和一些朋友出去吃晚饭。我最好的朋友因为接听电话而离席30分钟。有些人整个晚餐都埋头看手机，

给网上的朋友发短信，却忽略了坐在他们面前的人。不可思议的是没有人认为这不礼貌，这就是现在的生活方式。

去年夏天一次全家去度假，我妹妹一直抱怨说她的手机需要充电。手机充上电后，又花了数小时浏览她最喜欢的流

行歌星的消息，一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。

What is really worrying is that no one I know, including myself, could go cold turkey. I can't even imagine going without

social networking for a wee—think of all the important appointments, invitations and news updates you would miss!

Alcoholics who want to quit drinking can avoid booze, but how do we give up our phones? After all, I need it for my studies

because my teachers and classmates need to contact me at any time.

令人真正担心的是，我认识的每个人，包括我自己，都不能够戒掉互联网。我甚至无法想象一周没有社交网络的生

活——想想你会错过的所有重要约会、邀请和新闻更新！想要戒酒的酗酒者可以避免饮酒，但我们如何放弃手机呢？

毕竟，我需要它来学习，因为我的老师和同学需要随时与我联系。

So, that’s the problem with social networking. We're hard-wired in, but we’re more disconnected than ever.

所以，这就是社交网络的问题。我们被网线连接，但人与人却比以往更加疏远。

北师大版高中英语新教材(选择性必修第一册)课文 （Unit 2)

Lesson 1 Money VS Success第一课 金钱VS成功

Angela Johnson interviews ex-millionaire Jason Harley

安吉拉·约翰逊采访前百万富翁詹森·哈利。

For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal. They spend half of

their time dreaming up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect, and the rest of their time thinking about

all the things they will do once they become rich. But do all millionaires get the sense of success they were looking for after

they achieve their goals? Some continue to worry about money when they become millionaires—they worked hard to

become wealthy, but then they need to continue making money so they don’t lose the sense of success they have achieved.

However, there are people who have turned their backs on their millions and found other forms of success in their lives.

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Jason Harley is one example.

对于很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，并将此作为最终目标。他们花一半时间想象各种发财和达到他们期

望的成功的方法，另一半时间则用来考虑一旦发了财他们会干什么。但是，百万富翁们都在实现目标后获得所寻求

的成功感了吗？有些人成为百万富翁后仍然担心金钱问题——他们努力工作，变得富有，但他们需要继续赚钱，这

样才不会丧失已经获

得的成就感。然而有些人却放弃了他们的百万财富，找到了人生中其他形式的成功。詹森·哈利就是一个例子。

Sixteen years ago, Jason was a college professor with a huge six-bedroom house and a fortune of two million dollars. Today

he lives in a small dormitory room with only second-hand furniture. There are certainly no signs that Jason is a rich and

successful man! There is a small garden outside with a few fruit trees, which Jason enjoys taking care of. He also grows

some vegetables and a few flowers. He gets his clothes and a lot of other things from charity shops.

十六年前，詹森是一名大学教授，拥有一套6间卧室的大房子和200万美元的财富。现在他住在一间只有二手家具

的小宿舍里。根本没有迹象能表明詹森是一个富有而成功的人！房子外面有一个小花园，里面有几棵果树，詹森很

喜欢侍弄它们。他还种了一些蔬菜和花。他从慈善商店买衣服和许多其他的东西。

But Jason appreciates this change. He is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man. He was tired of being regarded as

living a successful life, as a person who had everything while many people had nothing. He made the choice to give all his

money away. And this, he said, brought him happiness and a sense of success in life. “I don’t need a lot of money. I don’t

want to buy more things. I have enough,” said Jason. “What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others. A few years

ago, I was a millionaire, but I knew millions of people died of hunger every year, and there were places with no schools and

no teachers. So many people could never go to school. They didn’t have the chance to learn and get on in life. This worried

me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything.”

但是詹森喜欢这种变化。他很高兴能放弃富人的生活方式。他厌倦了过别人眼中成功的生活，在很多人一无所有的

时候自己能够拥有一切。他决定把自己的钱财都捐赠出去。他说这给他的生活带来了快乐和成功感。“我不需要有

很多钱，也不想再买更多的东西。我拥有的已经够多了，”詹森说。“我想要简单的生活并乐于帮助别人。几年前，

我是百万富翁，但我知道每年有数百万人死于饥饿，而且有些地方没有学校和老师。这么多人永远不能上学，他们

没有接受教育和开启新生活的机会。这让我非常担心，作为一位富人不能有所为，我感到非常内疚。”

Therefore he gave away all his money to charities. Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars, he would give away

small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas. “It was a kind of satisfaction and a real sense of success

that I had never felt before,” said Jason. “Sure, many people think that ‘success’ means having millions in the bank or a

well-paid job. But I think my sense of achievement comes from helping others and finding true meaning in life.”

因此，他把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构。每当他的钱超过两千美元时，他就会给当地街头无家可归的人赠送小额钞

票。“这是一种我从未感受过的满足感和真正的成功感，”詹森说。“当然， 很多人认为‘成功’意味着有数百万银行

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存款或高薪的工作。但我认为我的成就感来自于帮助他人并找到生活真正的意义。”

Most people believe when they are living comfortably and earning enough money, they will have no worries. However,

most people never feel they have earned enough. Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle, and he

discovered that having only a little money made him free. Are there any things he misses from his past? “No, I’m much

happier now, because I am living according to my values. Success is not measured by how much money you have but by

how you understand the true meaning of life.”

大多数人相信，当他们生活舒适并赚到足够的钱时，就可以高枕无忧了。但是，大多数人从未觉得自己赚够了。詹

森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量的金钱使他获得了自由。和过去相比，他错过了什么吗？“不， 现

在我更开心，因为我依照自己的价值观在生活。衡量成功与否不在于有多少金钱，而是如何理解生命的真正意义。”

Lesson 3 Getting to the Top

第三课 到达顶峰

Why do Olympic athletes push themselves to the limits? As one of the Olympic athletes, I miss birthday parties, ruin family

holidays and skip nights out, but there is a very good reason for giving up so much. “We’re worried about you,” said my

friend from across the table. He was worried that I had no longer become fun to train with and that I was in danger of being

left with only a world championship medal and no one to share it with.

为什么奥林匹克运动员要将自己逼到极限呢？作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、放弃节日与家人团聚、

不参加派对，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。“我们很担心你，”坐在我对面的朋友说。他担心和我一起训练不

再是一件愉悦的事情，担心我处于只剩下世界冠军的奖牌而无人可以分享的危险境地。

I could have become angry or defensive. Don’t they know how hard it is to be at the top in sport? Don’t they know what it

takes to get there? However, deep down I knew elements of what he was saying were right. I was always tired and every

workout had a mental intensity that seemed too much for most to handle. I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond

what most thought were healthy.

我本可以生气或者辩解一下的。难道他们不知道在运动中处于顶峰有多难吗？难道他们不知道走向顶峰需要付出多

少吗？然而，在内心深处，我知道他说的是对的。我总是疲惫不堪，每次锻炼带来的心理压力对于大多数人来说都

太难应对。我把极限逼到了大多数人认为的健康范围之外。

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These are the fears I face as a professional athlete on a day-to-day basis. Who am I doing this for? How much is too much?

Why am I doing this? How can I be so selfish? What are the sacrifices for?

这些是我作为职业运动员日常面临的恐惧。我这样做是为了谁？太多是多少？我为什么要这样做？我怎么能这么自

私？这些牺牲是为什么？

I think of countless birthday parties and nights out I have missed, ruining a family holiday in France because of the endless

search for a swimming pool to train in, almost missing my brother’s wedding because I was too busy hiring a car in

downtown Johannesburg and driving through the “no-go” areas in order to do a group ride with the local triathletes. The list

is endless.

我想到了曾经错过的无数生日派对和本来可以外出狂欢的夜晚；因为一直寻找可以训练的游泳池，而破坏了一次去

法国的全家旅行；为了和当地的铁人三项运动员一起骑行训练，我忙着在约翰内斯堡市中心租车，开车闯过“禁行”

区，差点错过哥哥的婚礼。这样的事情不计其数。

It boils down to this: I was born with an enormous amount of drive and determination. From a small girl, I would stay in at

lunch time just to get ahead on class work rather than go out and play; I would get the bus on my own at ten years old and

go to swim 100 lengths of the pool while other kids played pool games; I was the only girl in a rugby club of 250 boys. I

have always lived my life to extremes. Call it unhealthy if you want, but that is the way I roll, no matter what it is I’m

applying myself to.

归根结底：我天生就是个特别有干劲儿和意志力的人。我还是个小女孩时，为了在课业上名列前茅，午餐时间我会

留下来学习而不出去玩。十岁的时候，我会自己坐公共汽车去游泳池游50个来回，而其他孩子在游泳池里嬉戏；

橄榄球俱乐部里，我是250个男孩中唯一的女孩。生活中我一向把事情做到极致。你若说这是一种病态也行，但这

就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。

Being a professional athlete is no different. If you want to be an Olympic champion, it’s all about that little extra thing you

have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors.

成为一名职业运动员也不例外。如果你想成为奥运冠军，就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点，它将使你从竞争者

中脱颖而出。

Can this be overdone? Absolutely. But if your dream is to be the best and reach the winner’s platform, you had better be

totally committed to your sport. In the words of the British triathlete Alistair Brownlee, even if it means getting injured, “I’d

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prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff than having ten years of being average.”

这过分吗？当然。但如果梦想成为最棒的并站上胜利者的奖台，你最好全身心致力于运动项目中。用英国铁人三项

运动员阿利斯特尔·布朗利的话来说，即使这意味着受伤，“我宁愿有三到四年的胜利辉煌，而不选择十年的平庸

无为。”

Doing what we do as athletes sets us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to the top. It is

certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone who is

striving for greatness.

做运动员让我们与众不同，因为我们愿意做到那额外的一点点，这可能让我们走向顶峰。它当然不是一种平衡的生

活方式，也肯定不寻常，但寻常、平衡这些词是不会用来形容追求伟大的人的。

北师大版高中英语新教材(选择性必修第一册)课文 （Unit 3 | LESSON 1)

Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction第一课 第六次灭绝

Extinctions, where entire species are wiped out, are not unusual in our Earth’s history. In fact, over 90 percent of all species

that ever lived are now extinct. In the last 500 million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended.

These include the third mass extinction, known as the “Great Dying”, which killed 90% to 96% of all species. And the fifth

event, which

occurred 66 million years ago, caused the death of the dinosaurs. The reasons for extinctions are varied. According to

scientists, they include volcanic eruptions, asteroids hitting the Earth from space, changes in sea levels, the decrease of the

oxygen content of the sea and global warming. Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinction.

This time, human activity will be to blame.

物种灭绝，即某个物种的完全消失，在地球的历史上并不罕见。事实上，曾经存在的物种中90%以上现在都已经灭

绝。在过去的五亿年中，地球上出现过五次生物几乎全部灭绝的情况。这其中包括称为“大灭绝”的第三次灭绝，期

间90%至96%的物种灭亡。6600万年前发生的第五次灭绝导致了恐龙的灭亡。灭绝的原因各不相同，科学家认为

原因包括火山爆发、小行星从太空撞击地球、海平面变化、海洋氧含量下降和全球变暖。许多科学家认为地球的第

六次大灭绝即将来临，这一次，人类活动是主要原因。

Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern. A

2015 study by scientists who were based at Brown University and Duke University in the US, looked at how quickly

species die out due to natural causes, that is, the

“background extinction rate”. They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1,000 times faster than normal.

There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out: air and water pollution, forests being destroyed, factory

farming and overfishing. It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth, including animals

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and plants.

虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。2015年在美国布朗大学和杜克大学的科学家进行的一

项研究，调查了物种自然状态下灭亡的速度，即“背景灭绝率”。他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况

快1000倍。这么多物种正在消亡的原因有很多：空气和水污染、森林被毁、工厂化畜牧和过度捕捞。显然，人类

活动对地球上所有

其他物种产生了负面影响，包括动物和植物。

If a sixth mass extinction occurs, scientists who have studied the issue believe that up to three quarters of all species on

Earth could die out. Of course, as we humans depend on so many species for our survival, we would also be at risk of dying

out. Our world and our lives depend on the balance in nature between animals and plants. Without forests, we would have

no air to breathe, and without clean water we would be unable to survive.

虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。2015年在美国布朗大学和杜克大学的科学家进行的一

项研究，调查了物种自然状态下灭亡的速度，即“背景灭绝率”。他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况

快1000倍。这么多物种正在消亡的原因有很多：空气和水污染、森林被毁、工厂化畜牧和过度捕捞。显然，人类

活动对地球上所有

其他物种产生了负面影响，包括动物和植物。

Can a sixth extinction be avoided? Experts say that it is not yet too late, if we take action now. This would mean we have to

significantly change the way we live. For example, we need to take steps to save endangered species, including setting up

special areas where plants and animals can be protected. We need to change how we work and travel by using cleaner, more

natural sources of energy, such as wind and solar energy. We also need to improve our farming methods to reduce water, air

and land pollution. In short, if we want to survive, we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect

it.

第六次灭绝可以避免吗？专家说，如果我们现在采取行动还为时不晚。这意味着我们必须极大地改变生活方式。例

如，采取措施拯救濒临灭绝的物种，包括建立动植物的特殊保护区。通过使用更清洁、更自然的能源来改变我们的

工作和出行方式，例如风能和太阳能。我们还需要改进耕作方式，减少水、空气和土地污染。简而言之，如果想要

生存，就需要停止破坏我们生活的星球并开始保护它。

The Black Robin黑知更鸟

Black robins are the birds that humans saved from extinction. In 1980, there were only five black robins left in the world.

They all lived on a small island off the coast of New Zealand. Only one of those birds, a female called Old Blue, was able to

lay eggs. Wildlife workers began a programme for raising black robin chicks. They protected Old Blue’s eggs, helped them

to hatch, and took care of the chicks. Thanks to their efforts, there are now more than 250 black robins, and the population is

spreading. To help them survive, people are restoring their habitats and removing small animals that hunt them, such as

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mice and cats from the islands where they live.

黑知更鸟是人类从灭绝危机中拯救出来的鸟类。1980年，世界上只剩下五只黑知更鸟。它们栖息在新西兰海岸附近

的一个小岛上，其中只有一只名叫老蓝的雌鸟能够产卵。野生动物工作者开始了一项黑知更鸟繁殖计划。他们保护

老蓝的蛋，帮助孵化并照顾幼鸟。由于他们的努力，现在黑知更鸟已超过250只，而且数量还在增加。为了它们的

生存，人们正在恢复黑知更鸟的栖息地并移除捕杀它们的小动物，例如岛上的老鼠和猫。

Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction第三课 毁灭之路

Part 1第1部分

“This morning, it took me 40 minutes to go downtown. More roadworks on the A10!”

“今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。A10公路上的很多地方在施工!”

“Oh really? It took me over an hour. There was an accident on the M11.”

“真的吗？我花了一个多小时。M11公路上发生了一起事故。”

How often have you heard these conversations? How often do we get stuck in traffic jams? How often do we arrive at work

or school, stressed out, tired and angry? For many people, the answer is every day. But personal anger and stress are nothing

compared to the real costs socially. Here are some figures about Britain:

你每隔多久会听到这样的谈话？有多少次我们碰到交通阻塞而动弹不得？又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校

时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁？对很多人来说，答案是每天。但是和真正的社会损失相比，个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不

值一提。以下是一些关于英国的数据：

● In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%. There are now 32 million cars.

●在过去的20年里，道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。现在有3200万辆汽车。

● Over the last decade, an average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents.

●在过去十年中，每年平均有2500人死于交通事故。

● Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change, as car engines produce various types of

greenhouse gases.

●交通是全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一，因为汽车发动机会产生各类温室气体。

● Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution.

●每年有近3万人死于空气污染。

● Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.

●多种癌症与交通污染有关。

选择性必修第一册 Unit 3 P58

Part 2第2部分

We know that cars are bad for us. But we all make excuses: “The buses are terrible”; “The trains are always late”; “I haven’t

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got time to walk”. I’m talking about myself, too. To be frank, I’m addicted to my car. When I asked Jenny Trowe of

Greenpeace for advice about how to give up, she told me five things:

我们知道汽车带来的危害，但总能找到借口:“公共汽车很糟糕”“火车总是晚点”“我没有时间走路”。我说的也包括我

自己。坦率地说，我离不开车。当我向绿色和平组织的詹妮•特洛维询问如何放弃车时，她给了五条建议：

● Use your legs. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys were under eight kilometres. Instead of taking short car journeys, we

could easily walk or cycle. Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live longer. Regular exercise also

cuts the risk of heart disease by 50%!

●走路。2014年，超过55%的汽车行程不到8公里。可以轻易地用走路或骑行来代替短途的开车出行。利用脚力行

走可以省钱，保持健康并帮助延长寿命。经常锻炼也能降低50%患心脏病的风险！

● Use public transport. Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars. Sometimes

it can take a little bit longer, but so what? You can relax, read a book, talk to someone—who knows?

●使用公共交通工具。一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人，而乘坐小轿车这些人至少需要18辆。有时坐公共汽车可

能需要更长的时间，但那又怎样？你可以放松一下、读一本书、和别人交谈——谁知道呢?

● Think before you go. Do you really have to go to that shopping centre on the other side of town? What about the shops

around the corner? Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need to make that journey.

●出发之前先想想。你真的要去镇上另一边的那个购物中心吗？拐角处的商店怎么样？在上车之前，想想你是否真

的需要开车去那个地方。

● Share cars. If you really have to use a car, share journeys with someone else. It is much cheaper and kinder to the

environment.

●共享汽车。如果不得不用车，与其他人共用一辆车。这样更便宜，也更环保。

● Take action! We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, pollution and danger of traffic. There is. If your

street is full of heavy traffic, talk to your neighbours about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city government. Ask for a

speed limit. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Don’t just sit around and complain!

●采取行动！我们经常觉得面对噪音、污染和交通危险，自己无能为力。其实可以有所为。如果你那条街的交通繁

忙，去和邻居们谈谈，向媒体反映，去市政府，申请设置限速。做你能做的任何事情，别光坐在那里抱怨！

All quite simple, isn’t it? Five easy ways to improve our environment. Well, I’m sorry I have to finish this article, but I’ve

got to pick up my daughter from school at 4 pm. Then I’ve got to drive to the supermarket to do the shopping. After that, I

have to take my son to a party. The traffic is going to be horrible, but what can I do?

这些都很简单，不是吗？五种简单方法就可以改善环境。好吧，很抱歉我要结束这篇文章了，因为下午4点我得去

学校接女儿。然后开车去超市购物，还得带儿子去参加一个派对。交通将会非常糟，但我能怎么办呢？

选择性必修第一册 Unit 3 P59

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本文标签： 生活物种需要没有方式