01-14年专八汉译英(附答案)

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2024年5月18日发(作者：)

01到14年专八汉译英真题及答案：

2014年本题是一篇典型的文学翻译，原文选自老舍名篇《我的母亲》。老舍的作品生

活气息浓郁，语言朴实直白。因此，在翻译本篇时不仅要注意忠实于文字意义，更要忠实

地再现原文的语言风格，所以要避免用过于高级的词汇表达和句子结构，用平实的语句表

达出原文的精神面貌。

当我在小学毕了业的时候，亲友一致的愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。我晓得我应当

去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的勤劳困苦。可是，我也愿意升学。我偷偷的考入了师范学校——

制服，饭食，书籍，宿处，都由学校供给。只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。入学，

要交十圆的保证金。这是一笔巨款！母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我

送出门去。她不辞劳苦，只要儿子有出息。当我由师范毕业，而被派为小学校校长，母亲

与我都一夜不曾合眼。我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了！”她的回答只有一串串的

眼泪。

参考译文： After I graduated from primary school， relatives and friends all

suggested that I should drop out and learn a trade to help my mother. Although I

knew that I ought to seek a livelihood to relieve mother of hard work and distress，

I still aspired to go on with study. So I kept learning secretly. I had no courage to

tell mother about the idea until admitted to a normal school which provided free

uniforms， books， room and board. To enter the school， I had to pay ten Yuan

as a deposit. This was a large sum of money for my family. However， after two

weeks' tough effort， mother managed to raise the money and sent me off to

school in tears afterwards. She would spare no pains for her son to win a bright

future. On the day when I was appointed the schoolmaster after graduation，

mother and I spent a sleepless night. I said to her， "you can have a rest in the

future." but she replied nothing， only with tears streaming down her face.

2013年

生活像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从中品出无穷的美妙。将它握在手中观察，它的暗

红有血的感觉，那正是生命的痕迹。抿一口留在口中回味，它的甘甜有一丝苦涩，如人生

一般复杂迷离。喝一口下肚，余香润人心肺，让人终受益。红酒越陈越美味，生活越丰富

越美好。当人生走向晚年，就如一瓶待开封的好酒，其色彩是沉静的，味道中充满慷慨于

智慧。

Life is like a cup of wine; people who love it discover inexhaustible wonders

from it.

Hold in the hand and gaze at it, the dark red color is reminiscent of the blood,

which is the impress of life.

Take a sip of it and appreciate the taste, the bittersweet flavor is exactly the

same with life, which is complicated and blurred.

Once the sip is swallowed, the lingering fragrance pleases the heart and

refreshes the mind, leaving a person lifelong benefit.

There was a remarkable resemblance between life and wine: the taste

becomes more delicious as the wine mellows, just as life gets better as it becomes

more abundant.

When life comes to twilight years, it looks calm and tastes full of wisdom and

generosity, just like a bottle of wine to be savored.

2012年原文赏析：台湾作家蔡素芬〈< 烛光盛宴》

泊珍看他第一眼，彷似一声雷劈头而来，令她曼头涨脑，这一岁 的孩子脸型长相如此

熟悉，她心里的第一道声音是，不能带回去

痛苦纠聚心中，眉心发烫发热，胸口郁闷难展，胃里一股气冲喉 而上。院长说这孩子

发肓迟缓时，她更是心头无绪，她在肓生所 待的房里来回踱步，这房里还有其他小孩，每

人一张围着栅栏的 床，整个房间只有一扇窗，窗外树影婆娑，就让这孩子留下来吧 ，这

里有善心的神父和修女，这里将来会扩充为有医疗作用的看 护中心，这是留住孩子最好的

地方。这孩子是她的秘密，她将秘 密留在这树林掩映的建筑里。

她将秘密留在心头。

她专心倣生意，她觉得人生剩下的只有不断地赚钱养育孩子，和 对往曰某些美好时光

的眷恋，即使这些时光如此短暂，但也因为 短暂而弥足珍贵，她家乡的好山好水、她和桂

花的姐妹情谊、留 在心中的曾有过的感情，这些美好的部分就够安慰她的余生。她 心里

也惦念留在家乡的那些人，她的两个孩子、她的父亲，他们 都不再有音讯，他们随着时光

的流逝，成为心里一个遥远的山水 风景，成为眼里模糊的泪水。

1. Tortured by the pains gathering in her heart, she felt something was

burning between her eyebrows. Her chest was brimmed with depression which

was likely to run out of her throat at any moment. She could not think clearly any

longer when the headmaster told her that the child suffered from developmental

retardation. She strode up and down in the room where her child stayed with other

pals. There was only one window in the room, out of which some shady trees were

whispering. “Just leave it here”, she told herself, “This is the best choice by far,

for there are kind priests and nuns in this place which may also be renovated into a

Medicare center”. The child was her secret which would be kept in the buildings

behind the woods.

2. Her heart full of pain, between eyebrows burning, chest stifled, a stream of

gas surged from her stomach out of her throat. The dean remarked that the child

grew laggardly, which made her even more worried and lost. She walked up and

down in the house, which had only one window. Beyond the window, the shadows

of trees confused. There were also other children in the house. Just leave the child

here. It had benevolent priests and sisters and would develop into a nursing center

with medical function. This was the best place for this child, who was her secret

and she would stash this secret into the building among thick forests.

（2011）现代社会无论价值观的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。而最让现代

人感到尴尬的是，面对重重矛盾，许多时候你别无选择。匆忙与休闲是截然不同的两种生

活方式。但在现实生活中，人们却在这两种生活方式间频繁穿梭，有时也说不清自己到底

是“休闲着”还是“忙碌着”。譬如说，当我们正在旅游胜地享受假期，却忽然接到老板

的电话，搞恶我们客户或工作方面出了麻烦——现代便捷先进工具在此刻显示出了它狰狞、

阴郁的面容——搞得人一下子兴趣全无。接下来的休闲只能徒有其表，因为心里已是火烧

火燎了。

年专八真题参考答案：汉译英部分

Being hasty and at leisure are two quite distinct lifestyles. But in the real world,

people have to frequently shuttle between these two lifestyles, sometimes not

sure whether they are “at ease” or “in a rush”.

For example, we are enjoying our holidays in the resort while suenly we

receive phone calls from the boss who tells us there are some troubles with our

customers and work----so at this moment the modern, convenient and advanced

device shows its vicious and gloomy features---and we lose all our interest. The

subsequent leisure is the mere showy for we are in a restless and anxious state of

mind.

（2010年）朋友之间，情趣相投、脾气对味则合、则交，反之，则离、则绝。朋友

之间再熟悉、再亲密，也不能随便过头、不恭不敬，这样，默契和平衡将被打破，友好关

系将不复存在。

每个人都希望拥有自己的一片私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，

从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。待友不敬，有时或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的

种子。维持朋友亲密关系的最好办法是往来有节，互不干涉.

For the relationship between friends, similar habits and tempers help to make

it closer; on the other hand, opposite ones leave distance from each other. No

matter how familiar and intimate the friends are, the relationship should be treated

carefully and respect should be treasured for friends. Otherwise, the partnership

and balance would be broken, as a result, a good relationship would no longer

exist.

Everyone has a desire for his own personal space, which could be easily

invaded if the attitude between friends is too free. Then conflicts appear, causing

barriers. Although it seems a small case of not respecting friends, harmful seeds

may be sowed to ruin the relationship. In a word, the best way to keep positive

friendship is associating with temperate manners and without too much

interference.

（09）我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。今天没有手机的人是奇怪的，这种人才需要

解释。我们的所有社会关系都储存在手机的电话本里，可以随时调出使用。古代只有巫师

才能拥有这种法宝。

手机刷新了人与人的关系。会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭手机。可是

会议室里的手机铃声仍然响成一片。我们都是普通人，并没有多少重要的事情。尽管如此，

我们也不会轻易关掉手机。打开手机象征我们与这个世界的联系。手机反映出我们的"社交

饥渴症"。最为常见的是，一个人走着走着突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信。他不在

乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。

为什么对于手机来电和短信这么在乎?因为我们迫切渴望与社会保持联系。

Cell phone has altered human relations. There is usually a note on the door of

conference room, which reads “turn off your cell phones”. However, the rings are

still resounding in the room. We are all common people and have few urgencies to

do. Still, we are reluctant / unwilling to turn off the phone. Cell phone symbolizes

our connection with the world and reflects our “thirst for socialization”. We are

familiar with the scene when a person stops his steps to edit short messages with

eyes glued at his phone, disregard of his location, whether in the road center or

besides a restroom.。

（2008）谁不希望拥有一个小小花园? 哪怕是一丈之地呢。若有， 当代人定会以木

栅围起 那木栅 我想也定会以各人的条件和意愿 摆弄得尽可能的美观然后在春季撒下花

种 或者移栽花秧 于是企盼着自己喜爱的花儿日日的生长吐蕾，在夏季里散紫翻红开成一

片。虽在秋季里凋零却并不忧伤，仔细收下了花籽儿 待来年再种相信花儿能开得更美……

真的 谁不曾怀有过这样的梦想呢?

都市寸土千金 地价炒得越来越高 今后将更高 拥有一个小小花园的希望 对寻常之辈

不啻是一种奢望 一种梦想 某些副部级以上的干部而且是老资格的 才可能希望成现实于

是令寻常之人羡眼也。

我想 其实谁都有一个小小花园 谁都是有苗圃之地的 这便是我们的内心世界 人的智

力需要开发 人的内心世界也是需要开发的 人和动物的区别 除了众所周知的诸多方面恐

怕还在于人有内心世界 心不过是人的一个重要脏器 而内心世界是一种景观 它是由外部

世界不断地作用于内心渐渐形成的 每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱之人心脏的健损以

至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日 但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人的内心世界的阴

晴 -- 己所无视遑论他人?

我常“侍弄”我心灵的苗圃 身已不健 心倘尤秽 又岂能活得好些?职业的缘故使我惯

对自己和他人的心灵予以研究 结论是——心灵 亦即我所言内心世界 是与人的身体健康

同样重要的故保健专家和学者们开口必言的一句话不仅仅是"身体健康"而且是"身心健康"

Spiritual Garden

I think everyone, in effect, has a small garden or a flower bed of his own,

namely, our inner world. There is a need for human beings to tap into their own

intelligence, as is the case with their inner world. What distinguishes between

human beings and animals, apart from the various aspects which are universally

known, may probably be in that human beings have an inner world. Heart is no

more than an important organ whereas the inner world constitutes a landscape,

which gradually takes its shape under the continuous influence from the outside

world. So great is the importance that everyone attaches to the physical condition

of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones, that merely a minor

disease would enduringly weight on his mind.

(07年)暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。

也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一

个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻

再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些美生灵自

由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的，像些胖娃娃。如果走近

了，会发现它们那可爱的神情，洁白的牙齿，那丰富而单纯的表情。如果稍稍长久一点端

详这张张面庞，还会生出无限的怜悯。参考译文：Beside this picture with profusions of

colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Hardly

none of them would spare some time to raise their eyes to have a glance at the

beautiful dusk. They are, perhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last

chew before being driven home. This is a picture of the Yellow River bank, in which

the shepherd disappears, and no one knows where he is resting himself. Only the

sheep, however, as free creatures, are joyfully appreciating the dusk. The exuberant

water plants have nurtured the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls. When

approaching near, you would find their lily-white teeth and a variety of innocent

facial impressions.

(06年)中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人

在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。因此我们的

苦闷，基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。农

业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。况中国古代素来以不滞于物，

不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。并非我们没有守财奴，但比起莫里哀与巴尔扎克笔下的守

财奴与野心家来，就小巫见大巫了。中国民族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实，比西方

人容易满足。Since ancient times the Chinese nationalities have never considered

human beings to be superior to every other species. As is reflected in Chinese

philosophy, literature and art, in the natural world human beings occupy a

positioning proportion to all other creatures and the former do not absolutely

dominate the latter. Therefore, generally speaking, we Chinese feel depressed less

often and less severely than people in the west, for the intensity of one’s

depression literally changes along with the magnitude of one’s desire and

ambition. As people in an agricultural society enjoy much fewer comforts than

those in an industrial society, they have fewer desires or wishes. Besides, ancient

Chinese always took it as their most fundamental philosophy of life that one

should not merely be confined to material pursuits, or be kept in bondage by

material things. It is quite true that there are misers in China. But Chinese misers

prove less miserly and less ambitious when they are compared with those misers

and careerists described by Moliai and Balzac. Being very mild-tempered, most of

the ethnic groups in China live a simple life without worldly desires. In comparison

with western people, the Chinese people are easily satisfied. (2006)

(2005年)

一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然

很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等

的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。古来一切有成就的人，都

很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度

年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如

此。How significant is a person’s life? Is there any standard to measure it? It will be

very difficult to put forward an absolute standard, but in general, the significance

of one’s existence can be estimated by how he treats his life, by what attitude he

takes to work and what ways he chooses to live. From ancient times up to now, all

the accomplished people treat their lives very seriously. They work and, learn as

much as possible. They hate to spend the best of their lives in vain; they do not

want to let their time slip by. All the laboring people, great statesmen and thinkers

of our country at all ages treasure their time in this way. (2005年)

（2004年）在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一

个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或

冷碟的时候，印象很好。吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿

宴席，缺点就都找出来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，

第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。第二，你

初到一个餐馆，开始举筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应”

吧。

We shouldn’t be too romantic about human relationships. Human beings are

funny. Usually, when they meet a person they will first notice his or her merits. It’s

just like the experience of dinning in a restaurant. The starter or cold dish will leave

you a very good impression. You will be full of praise while eating the first two

main courses. The more you eat, the calmer you will become. At the end of the

dinner all the shortcomings come out. Then happiness turns to anger, praise to

scolding and nit-picking, and heading-nodding to head-shaking. This is because

first, you are hungry when you begin eating. When you are hungry, the bran tastes

as sweet as honey; when you are full, even the honey tastes insipid. (2004)

（2003年）在得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园

山坡上一幢小房子里，顿感被打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。一个春天的傍晚，园中百

花怒放，父母在园中设宴，霎时宾客云集，笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，

窥见园中大千世界，一片喧闹。自己的哥姐，堂表弟兄，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。一

霎时，一阵被人摈弃，为世所遗忘的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。

Before I fell ill，I had been the bully under our roofs owing to my doting

parents. Feeling like being deposed into a cold palace, I began to taste the

bitterness of depression and frustration immediately after I was segregated and

confined in a small house on a hillside in our garden. On a spring evening， my

parents gave a banquet in the garden where a profusion of flowers were in full

bloom. In no time， a crowd of their guests collected and laughter was heard all

over there. I, without being noticed， lifted the curtain in my small room， only to

spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden， and my elder sisters，

brothers and my cousins， each full of the joys of spring， were shuttling among

the guests. Quickly enough， I was thrown into a fist of sorrowful anger at being

forgotten and discarded by the rest and could not help crying my heart out. (2003)

（2002）大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。所以人们对于大自然，全都一致

并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄，

酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、

跳舞和唱歌；往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗

也就衍传了下来。

Equal are the generous gifts granted/distributed （endowed） by Nature to

（on） all human individuals，whether they are wealthy or impoverished（be they

wealthy or impoverished）。 Therefore，all human individuals have become

unanimously and profoundly indebted to （obliged to，attached to，dependent on）

Nature. This is particularly true in rural areas where ways of life have remained

intact and unchanged for thousands of years---sowing crops and grapes，brewing

and drinking wines，grazing and milking cows，hoeing grasses and planting

flower-trees，going to churches for religious prayers and services on weekends，

playing musical instruments，dancing and singing on squares. The age-old land

remains the same as their family hearth. Each locality has evolved its own unique

folk tales and has transmitted its distinctive habits and customs.（2002）

（2001年）乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝

酒。晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说：“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人

好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸

引力的大自然野外天成的场所。”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔

羽说： “钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶

段主要是的趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。”

Qiao Yu took to fishing in his old age. He said: “Where there is fish and water,

there is good environment, and good environment fills one’s heart with joy. I

think the best place for fishing is not a comfortable man-made fish-pond where

hungry fish are ready for you, but an enchanting place in the wild where

everything is natural.” Fishing is a game that can help improve one’s

temperament. It is good for mental and bodily health. Qiao Yu said: “Fishing falls

into three stages. The first stage is just for eating fish. The second stage is for

eating fish and for enjoying the pleasure of fishing as well. The third stage is

mainly for the pleasure of fishing facing a pool of green water, one casts aside all

anxieties and worries and enjoys a good rest, both mental and physical.”(2001)

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