基督教对英语语言的影响_英文_

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2024年6月14日发(作者：)

语文学刊・外语教育教学　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

2009

年第

7

期

TheInfluenceThatChristianityBringsUponEnglishLanguage

○

LiRuobai,JiaJingyang

(

ForeignLanguageCollege,InnerMongoliaAgriculturalUniversity,Hohhot,InnerMongolia,010020

)

[Abstract]

ToknowthehistoryofEnglishlanguageisunlikelywithoutbringingtheinfluenceofChristianityinto

stageofEnglish,le

2

mentsaretobeconsideredinthisthesis:theinfluenceofLatin,BibleandtranslationuponEnglishlanguage.

[Keywords]

Bible;

Latin;

Englishhistory

[

中图分类号

]I310

1

9

[

文献标识码

]A

[

文章编号

]1672

2

8610

(

2009

)

07

2

0067

2

02

nehand,many

EnglishwordsforchurchpracticecanfinditorigininLatin.

“

Church

”

tincludesalter,an

2

gel,candle,canon,disciple,martyr,minister,pope,psalm,

relic,therhand,manynativewordsgain

dnotborrowthe

Latinworddues,

2

wiseheavenandhellexpressconceptionsalreadyknowntoAnglo

[1]84-89

-SaxoncultureandconsequentlyEnglishwords.

Atthesametime,manyLatinwordsenteredthelifeofcom

2

monpeople,whichincludescap,silk,pear,lobster,box,mal

2

low,kitchen,kettle,enteroflearning,

anotheraspectofthe

church

’

uchasschool,master,grammatical

ultiftheChristianizingofBritain

kea

lookattheliteratureofAnglo-Saxonperiod,theinfluenceof

tthecopingworksofmonks,

theearliestpoetryofEnglandcanhardlyretainitsholdonthe

lifeandlanguageofEnglishpeople.

“

MorethanhalfofAnglo-

[1]69

SaxonpoetryisconcernedwithChristiansubjects

”

.Old

Englishcannotbeconsideredasaformoffullydevelopedlan

2

eunderstoodasthebasicformofmodernEnglish,

whichLatinlanguagehelpstoenrichitsvocabularyandformalize

riodofEnglishdevelopmentwiththehelpof

Bibletranslation,Englishenteredatimeofrapidchanging.

uction

“

Thediversityofculturesthatfindexpressioninitisare

2

minderthatthehistoryofEnglishisastoryofcultureincontact

[1]1

duringthepast1,500years.

”

TheEnglishlanguagewespeak

todaywentthroughthreestages,namely,OldEnglish,Middle

okbacktothehistoryof

English,itwouldbecertaintosaythatmanyelementshave

helpedtoshapethelanguage;butoneelementthatissocrucial

thatweshouldpayspecialattentiontoistheinfluenceof

seethedistinctiveimpactthatChristianity

bringstoEnglishindifferentperiodoflanguagedevelopment.

y,

theeffectthatChristianitysbringtooldEnglish,whichcanbe

calledLatininfluence;secondly,weshallhaveareviewofthe

historyofBibletranslation,whichisthetimethatEnglishgain

itspositionasmodernlanguage;atlastweshallseetheinfluence

ofBibleincommonsayingandliterature,whichcanshowthe

profoundimpactthatChristianitybringtoEnglishlanguage.

Ⅱ

.TheinfluenceofChristianityonOldEnglish

TheEnglishlanguageoftodayreflectsmanycenturiesofde

2

lywecalltheEnglishofAnglo-Saxonperiod

luenceofChristianityatthattimecanbe

indmuchevidenceinwordsbor

2

rowingandliteraryworks.

“

TheRomanChristianizingofBritain

in597broughtEnglandintocontactwithLatincivilizationand

[1]2

madesignificantadditionstoourvocabulary.

”

Intheprocess

ofChristianizingofBritain,monksbringthegospeltogetherwith

istianmissionaries

broughttheLatinalphabetintoBritain,whichhasremainedthe

process,Latinas

thelanguageoftheservicesandofecclesiasticallearningwasfre

2

thardtoimaginemanyLatin

[

作者简介

]

李若白

,

男

,

内蒙古农业大学外国语学院助教

;

Ⅲ

.BibletranslationandEnglishlanguage

“

NoworkexceptShakespearehashadsomuchinfluenceon

thephraseologyofEnglishastheauthorizedversionofthebible

atonetimefamiliartoallhouseholds

”

t

toryofbiblicaltranslationissolongthatitcon

2

tainsahugeamountofevidenceabouthowEnglishhadchanged

actofBibleonEnglishlanguageissobig

　　　　　贾婧杨

,

女

,

内蒙古农业大学外国语学院助教。

—

67

—

LANGUAGE

LiRuobai,JiaJingyang/TheInfluenceThatChristianityBringsUponEnglishLanguage

ransla

2

shallgothroughthehistoryofBibletranslationinEnglish,con

2

sideringthecontributionofJohnWycliffe,Tyndale,andAuthor

2

izedVersion,torevealtheeffectsthatholyscriptbringsto

English.

ThemainversionofthebibleusedintheearlyMiddleAges

wasVulgate,SaintJerome

’

sLatintranslationfromGreekand

sttranslatorweshouldknowinthisprocessis

nslationofBibleisthefirstcomplete

hnWycliffetranslated

theBible,heenlargedtheEnglishlanguagebyadaptingmany

dstreasureandmys

2

tery,gloryandhorror,femaleandsexallowetheirEnglishus

2

agetoWycliffe’sBible

(

EnglishLanguageWords/Phrases

)

.His

translationpreservedLatinconstructionsandwordordereven

dslike

“

unsta

2

tiable

”

or

“

unglorious

”

o

thougholdeditionofBibleyouwillbelikelytoread

“

impossi

2

ble

”

as

“

unpossible

”

.Histranslationwasinusethroughoutthe

15thcentury.

TyndalecanbeconsideredasfatherofEnglishliterature

’

s

phrasesandcompounds,especiallyrelatedtogreatfeelingsand

mood.

“

Broken-heart

”

,

“

long-suffering

”

,

“

peace-maker

”

and

“

mercy-seat

”

edwordsfromthe

nslation

luentineight

languagesandisconsideredbymanytobetheprimaryarchitect

ofthephrasesTyndale

’

smakenomis

2

takethatTydale

’

sversionhasstoodthetestoftime.

“

The1611KingJamesBible

’

knownas

“

translationto

endalltranslations

”

,becamethemostwidelyusedprotestant

efirstauthoritativestatebible,alsoknown

luencehasbeenmoreprofound

onthelinguistichabitsofEnglish-speakersthananyother

elpedtoshapethelanguagefornearly400years.

ForcenturiesacopyoftheBiblewastobefoundinvirtuallyev

2

eryhouse,couldexpress

theirreactiontolifeinbiblicallanguage,specificallythelan

2

strecordeduseofmanyof

thewordsusedinordinaryEnglishtodaycanbefoundintheear

2

actly,Bible

translationenablescommonpeopletohaveaccesstotheholy

scriptandatthesametimehelpthemtoformalizetheirnational

language.

expressionsfromBibleevenwithoutclearknowledgewherethey

areoriginallyfrom.

“

Eyeforeye,toothfortooth

”

.Thisfamous

sayingestablishesalawgoverningrelationshipsbetweenpeople,

mea

fewofthesefamoussayings:

‘

alphaandOmega

’

/

‘

ashestoa

2

shes,dusttodust

’

/

‘

atone

’

slastgasp

’

/

‘

blindleadingthe

blind

’

/

‘

castingpearlsbeforeswine

’

/

‘

crownofthorns

’

/

‘

diggingaholeforoneself

’

/

‘

eyeofaneedle

’

/

‘

Godsavethe

king

’

.TheundeniableeffectofBibleonEnglishlanguageisthat

maybeyouneverreadtheBiblecompletelybutyouhavetouse

itsidiomstoexpressyoufeelings.

Biblicalreferencerunsthroughmuchofwesternliterature.

yarethestories

wellknow,buttheycanbevariedforeffectforparticularpurpo

2

ses,thusmanytalesabouttheBiblestoriesbecomethesubject

talkabout

“

vanityfair

”

maybeitisnotdirectlyconnectedwith

Biblestory,butonewouldimmediatelythinkaboutJohnBunyan

andhisPilgrim

’

sProgress;andsurlythenovelofThackeray.

BothworkscanfindtheirorigininEcclesiastes:allisvanity.

,itisimpossibleto

2

allythemajorsubjectofwesternliteratureisrestupon

“

salva

2

tion

”

,eBibleitselfcanbecon

2

sideredasaliteraryworkbecausemanychaptershavetheirliter

2

aturesignificance.

Aswecansee,Christianityhasitsuniqueinfluenceupon

tinenrichingitsvocabulary,Bible

translationdevelopingitslanguage,idiomsfromBibleprovoking

itsliterature,Englishbecomesamodernlanguagetogetherwith

houtthehistoryof

OldEnglish,MiddleEnglishandModernEnglish,wecandis

2

amajorreligionoftheworld,Christianityhasitsshareofinflu

2

enceonbrief;moreover,withwidelyspreadingofchurchand

follower,itsimpactuponlanguageandcultureisprofoundand

long-lasting.

【

References

】

[1]Baugh,Albert,ryofthe

EnglishLanguage[M].ForeignLanguageTeachingandRe

2

searchPress,2001.

[2]Greer,peare[M].ForeignLanguage

TeachingandResearchPress,2007.

[3]Riches,le[M].ForeignLanguageTeaching

andResearchPress,2008.

[4]Stavrianos,lHistory:FromPrehistorytothe

21stCentury[M].PekingUniversityPress,2004.

[5]Tan,HistoryofTranslationintheWest

[M].CommercialPress,2004.

[6]Wilkens,Steve,ianityand

WesternThoughtVol.2[M].PekingUniversityPress,

2005.

(

下转第

74

页

)

Ⅳ

.TheinfluenceofBibleoncommonsayingandliterature

WiththepopularityoftheKingJamesBible,Englishlan

2

us

phrasesusedineverydayspeechhavetheiroriginintheBible.

ManyEnglishidiomsareHebrewsayingstheKJVBibletransla

2

thatShakespeare,whoseworkistheother

sourceofEnglishidiom,frequentlyquotedfromBible;itisnot

surprisetoknowthatmostEnglishspeakersusesomeidiomatic

—

68

—

LANGUAGE

ShiYanying,YangHaisheng/AnalysisontheDefinitionandStructureofLanguage

languagestructure,butitisnotsoeasytosayhow

manylevelsshouldbesetupinordertoexplainthe

mplemodelsof

languagerecognizeonlytwobasiclevels:thesetof

physicalforms

(

sounds,letters,signs,words

)

con

2

tainedinalanguage,andtherangeofabstractmean

2

-levelmodelsof

our

levelsarephonetics,phonology,grammarandseman

2

r,furtherdivisionswithinandbetween

mple,withinthe

levelofgrammar,itiscommontorecognizeadistinc

2

tionbetweenthestudyofwordstructure

(

morphology

)

andthestudyofwordsequencewithinsentences

(

syn

2

tax

)

.Withinphonology,thestudyofvowels,conso

2

nants,andsyllables

(

segmentalphonology

)

isusually

distinguishedfromthestudyofprosodyandothertones

ofvoice

(

supra-segmentalphonology

)

.Withinse

2

mantics,thestudyofvocabulary

(

lexicon

)

issome

2

timestakenseparatelyfromthestudyoflargerpatterns

heseareregularlyreferredtoas

[2]

levelsofstructure.

2

guageisnotonlyexpressedbyspeakingbutonlyby

writing,geisalso

2

monusagelanguagecanalsorefertonon-humansys

2

gestudyrelatestoman

2

yareas.

【

References

】

[1]

胡壮麟

,

姜望琪

.

语言学高级教程

[M].

北京大学出版

社

,2002.

[2]David,bridgeEncyclopediaofLanguage

[M].CambridgeUniversityPress,1987.

[3]Jack,n

DictionaryofLanguageTeaching&AppliedLinguistics

[M].ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,

2000.

[4]inGeneralLinguistics[M].China

SocialSciencesPublishingHouse,1999.

Ⅳ

.Conclusion

析语言结构

史艳英　杨海升

(

内蒙古农业大学外语学院

,

内蒙古　呼和浩特　

010020

;

内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院

,

内蒙古　包头　

014030

)

本文主要从语言的定义和结构分析语言的特征。语言都具有以下特点

:

语言是用来表达自己和

[

摘　要

]

进行交流的工具

,

语言又具有符号性、条理性、描述性和多样性等特点。

语言

;

　定义

;

　结构

[

关键词

]

(

上接第

68

页

)

基督教对英语语言的影响

李若白　贾婧杨

(

内蒙古农业大学外国语言学院

,

内蒙古　呼和浩特　

010020

)

[

摘　要

]

　要了解英语语言的历史而不去考虑基督教对其历史的影响是不可能的。在英语发展的每个阶

段

,

基督教的影响都清晰可见。本文所要分析的是其三个方面的影响因素

:

拉丁文的影响

,

圣经的影响

,

及宗教翻

译的影响。

[

关键词

]

　圣经

;

　拉丁文　英语史

—

74

—

本文标签： 语言内蒙古影响学院具有