汉英对照千字文

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2023年12月14日发(作者：)

汉英对照《千字文》

The Thousand-Character Writing

天地玄黄，宇宙洪荒。日月盈昃，辰宿列张。

The sky was black and the earth was yellow,

The universe was vast and a dark whole.

The sun rises and sets and the moon is regularly round,

Stars spread high above without a toll.

寒来暑往，秋收冬藏。闰余成岁，律吕调阳。云腾致雨，露结为霜。

Cold and heat come and go,

Fall harvest and storing for winter people know.

Intercalary days and months are fixed to make a year,

When clouds rise and meet cold, there will soon be a rain,

When dew drops congeal, they become frost in the main.

金生丽水，玉出昆冈。剑号巨阙，珠称夜光。

Gold is found in the Li River,

Jade is found in the Kunlun Mountains.

The best-known sword is called Juque,

The most famous peal is known as Yueguang.

果珍李柰，菜重芥姜。海咸河淡，鳞潜羽翔。

Plum and a certain kind of apple are among best fruits,

Important vegetables include mustard and ginger.

Sea water is salty while river water is fresh,

Fishes swim in water while birds fly in the air.

龙师火帝，鸟官人皇。始制文字，乃服衣裳。

Longshi, Huodi, Niaoguan and Renhuang, as legend goes,

Were celebrities of China's remote ages.

Cang Jie created Chinese characters,

And some other people began to make clothes.

1 推位让国，有虞陶唐；吊民伐罪，周发殷汤。

Good emperors Yao and Shun

Abdicated willingly,

The Zhou Dynasty's Wu and the Shang Dynasty' s Tang

Were the emperors who loved common people and punished criminals severely.

坐朝问道，垂拱平章。爱育黎首，臣伏戎羌。遐迩一体，率宾归王。

A wise emperor often consulted his good officials to administer his empire,

And the empire was governed in peace.

He loved his subjects and tended the multitude,

The minority nationalities like Rong and Qiang could be ruled with ease.

Places far and near come to be under one ruler,

All the people voluntarily submitted to the authority of the emperor.

鸣凤在竹，白驹食场。化被草木，赖及万方。

Phoenixes are singing merrily among bamboos,

White colts are gazing on grassland.

The grace of a virtuous monarch will nourish the grass and trees,

And benefit the whole empire on many hands.

盖此身发，四大五常。恭惟鞠养，岂敢毁伤！

Human bodies are from the four main substances,

Man's minds should cherish the five virtues or principles.

Every person should remember the parents' benevolence of rearing them,

And never harm or hurt their own bodies.

女慕贞洁，男效才良。知过必改，得能莫忘。罔谈彼短，靡恃己长。

Women who are pure and virtuous are to be admired and respected,

Men should learn from the people who are both talented and morally good.

You should correct your mistakes as soon as you know it,

And do not forget what you have learned.

When you talk,

Neither other people's shortcomings nor your own strong points should be mentioned.

2 信使可覆，器欲难量。墨悲丝染，《诗》赞羔羊。

A person's honesty must withstand the test of time，

And it is better for one to be tolerant and generous towards others.

Mozi lamented that the white silk had been dyed,

The

Book of Poetry

commends pure lambs.

景行维贤，克念作圣。德建名立，形端表正。

If you keep following the examples of good people and good deeds, and restrain yourself

properly,

You can surely become virtuous and saintly.

Good name can only be made on the basis of your virtues,

And similarly, if you stand upright, you can have an upright appearance.

空谷传声，虚堂习听。祸因恶积，福缘善庆。尺璧非宝，寸阴是竞。

In an empty vale, a sound can reach far,

In an empty hall, a sound can easily have echoes.

Misfortunes and disasters result from the accumulation of evil deeds,

Happiness and blessings are the result of good deeds and virtues.

A piece of jade, big as it is, is by no means as precious as

Time, no matter how short the time is.

资父事君，曰严与敬。孝当竭力，忠则尽命。

When treating your parents and serving your monarch,

You should be separately filial and loyal, solemnly and respectfully.

To be filial, you ought to spare no effort,

To be loyal, you should sacrifice your life willingly.

临深履薄，夙兴温凊。 似兰斯馨，如松之盛。

Serving your monarch is like walking along an abyss and on thin ice – you must act

carefully,

Treating your parents, from morning till night, during hot days and cold days, you should

do your best to make them live comfortably.

In so doing, your moral integrity can be compared to an orchid – elegant and fragrant,

And to a pine – grow thrivingly.

3 川流不息，渊澄取映。容止若思，言辞安定。

Your morality and conduct are live rivers – flow without a stop,

And are also like clear deep water which is mirroring.

Your appearance and manner should be composed like brooding,

When talking, you should be calm with no hasting.

笃初诚美，慎终宜令。荣业所基，籍甚无竟。

It is good to be a good person at an early age,

It is better, even perfect to be good all the time.

This is the foundation of one's achievements and fame,

With this foundation, one's success will be greater and sublime.

学优登仕，摄职从政。 存以甘棠，去而益咏。

Study well to be promoted to an official position,

With the position, one can participate in political administration.

A Zhou Dynasty official, under a tree, fulfilled well his political obligation,

The people after his death kept the tree and praised him with even greater admiration.

乐殊贵贱，礼别尊卑。上和下睦，夫唱妇随。

Musical notes and instruments are used according to the rank of the people listening to

them,

Different etiquette is used to distinguish classes.

One should be in harmony with one's superiors and inferiors,

The wife follows and supports whatever the husband advocates and does.

外受傅训，入奉母仪。诸姑伯叔，犹子比儿。

Away from home, heed what your master instructs,

At home, follow the rules your parents have fixed and decided.

To your uncles and aunts, you should be as respectful as to your parents,

To your brothers' children, you should be as kind as to your children indeed.

孔怀兄弟，同气连枝。 交友投分，切磨箴规。

Brothers should be concerned about each other,

4 For they are of the same blood lineage like branches of a tree.

One should make friends with the people of one's same character,

And friends should advise one another, seeing a friend go wrong, they should not let it be.

仁慈隐恻，造次弗离。节义廉退，颠沛匪亏。

People should have in their hearts kindness and sympathy,

They should not ignore the others who are in difficulty.

People's virtues include fidelity, loyalty, modesty, and forgiveness,

Which must be kept even when a person suffers setbacks in adversity.

性静情逸，心动神疲。守真志满，逐物意移。坚持雅操，好爵自縻。

When people are calm, their emotions are peaceful;

When people are attracted by material, they are liable to become tired spiritually.

Stick to the truth and their ambition will be content,

Pursuing material gains will shake people's will and worsen the people morally.

If they keep their noble ideas and elegant sentiments,

They will get high position and high pay naturally.

都邑华夏，东西二京。背邙面洛，浮渭据泾。

Among the cities of ancient China,

There are two capitals: one in the east and the other in the west.

The eastern capital, facing the Luo River, was in front of Mount Mang;

The western capital was situated in a place where the Wei River and the Jing River passed.

宫殿盘郁，楼观飞惊。图写禽兽，画彩仙灵。

The two capitals' palaces looked winding and sprawling,

They were towering so high and astonishing as if they were flying.

Birds and animals were painted on the buildings,

On which, painted also were immortals and many a spiritual being.

丙舍傍启，甲帐对楹。肆筵设席，鼓瑟吹笙。

On both sides of the main palace were side palaces with side doors,

Among the halls' columns were curtains which were gaily decorated.

5 Feast and banquet were well prepared in the palace

Where music was played, which made people happy and delighted.

升阶纳陛，弁转疑星。右通广内，左达承明。

Getting on the steps and entering the palace, the emperor's subjects were busy celebrating

at a feast.

The pearl-filled hats worn by the subjects moved and dazzled like stars.

The right corridor led to Chengming Palace.

既集坟典，亦聚群英 。杜稿钟隶，漆书壁经。

Classics of many centuries were collected here,

And here was also a place for the gatherings of outstanding persons.

Kept her were the precious Chinese handwritings — Du Du's cursive script and Zhong

Yao's official script.

As well as the books written long before and the classics found in the residence of

Confucius.

府罗将相，路侠槐卿。户封八县，家给千兵。高冠陪辇，驱毂振缨。

The palace was lined with ministers on both sides;

When the emperor went out, he was protected by the officials alongside him, who were

high-ranking.

The ministers or the officials were given by the emperor eight countries' land

And a thousand soldiers who were ready to fight for their home-protecting.

Accompanied by the officials wearing tall hats,

The emperor rode on his carriage whose wheels rolled on and on with ornamental tassels

fluttering.

世禄侈富，车驾肥轻。策功茂实，勒碑刻铭。

Monarch's ministers and their descendants enjoyed the government salary and so lived a

wealthy life,

They rode fine horses or carriages and moved briskly.

The gave counsel to their monarch and made contributions to the empire,

Their merit and credit were engraved on tablets to leave their marks on history.

6 磻溪伊尹，佐时阿衡。奄宅曲阜，微旦孰营？

Both JIangtaigong and a famous official named Yi were prime ministers or important

ministers assisting their monarchs.

In the fief of Qufu,

Zhougong was the only person who could run it well among many rulers.

桓公匡合，济弱扶倾。绮回汉惠，说感武丁。俊乂密勿，多士寔宁。

Qihuanggong, the head of Qi Kingdom corrected other kingdoms and made them unite,

To give aid to the weak and assist those that were in danger.

Qili Ji helped Han Emperor Hui from being ousted,

And Wu Ding, a monarch of the Shang Dynasty, through a dream, found Fu Yue who

proved to be a good prime minister.

It was the efforts made by the persons of exceptional ability

That gave a peaceful life to many people of the empire.

晋楚更霸，赵魏困横。假途灭虢，践土会盟。何遵约法，韩弊烦刑。

Kingdoms Jin and Chu in turn dominated the other kingdoms during the Spring and

Autumn Period,

Kingdoms Zhao and Wei were forced into adversity because of the Lianheng tactics during

the Warring States times.

Kingdom Jin took a neighbor kingdom's road to overthrow Kingdom Guo

And the king of Jin called the dukes together at Jiantu and formed the alliance.

Xiao He followed the rules fixed by Liu Bang, the first emperor of the Han Dynasty,

Han Fie got punished and harmed by his own self-made laws.

起翦颇牧，用军最精。宣威沙漠，驰誉丹青。

Bai Qi, Wang Jian, Lian Po and Li Mu were famous senior generals during the Warring

States period,

All of them were best versed in the art of military fighting.

Their reputation and prestige spread even in the desert land,

And their heroic deeds and honor would be recorded in history and everlasting.

九州禹迹，百郡秦并。岳宗泰岱，禅主云亭。雁门紫塞，鸡田赤城。昆池碣石，巨野洞庭。旷远绵邈，岩岫杳冥。

7 The control of floods by Da Yu was known throughout the nine provinces in the then

China,

The Qin emperor unified hundreds of prefectures.

Mountain Tai was known as Number One among the five famous mountains,

Feudal monarchs offered sacrifice to the gods of heaven and earth at Yunyun and Tingting

which were two holy hills.

The Yanmen Pass, the Qin Great Wall,

Jitianyi, a post station, the Mount called Chicheng,

The Kunming Lake, Mount Jieshi in Hebei Province,

Shandong's Juye Lake, and Hunan's Lake Dongting,

All the above places bore out that China had a vast territory,

High and steep mountains whose deep caves seemed glooming.

治本于农，务资稼穑。俶载南亩，我艺黍稷。税熟贡新，劝赏黜陟。

孟轲敦素，史鱼秉直。庶几中庸，劳谦谨敕。聆音察理，鉴貌辨色。

Take farming industry as the foundation of the country,

Remember to get well prepared for sowing and harvesting.

During the tilling time, people were out in the fields laboring,

And sowed grain crops such as millet and kaoliang.

Once harvested, a certain amount of new grain must be handed over to the state to pay the

tax;

The willing tax-payers got praised and rewarded, and those would be punished who were

unwilling.

Mencius advocated a simple life,

Shi Yu was honest and upright in behaving.

People should try their best to maintain balance in their life attitude,

And keep being careful, modest and hardworking.

When listening to the people, one should try to understand what was really meant by their

words;

When being together with the people, one should be good at weighing up their words,

watching their facial expressions and guessing their implied meaning.

贻厥嘉猷，勉其祗植。省躬讥诫，宠增抗极。殆辱近耻，林皋幸即。两疏见机，解组谁逼？

One ought to learn good ideas and experience from other people,

8 And encourage oneself to be modest, to make progress and to well establish oneself in

society.

To be well established in society, one ought to constantly engage in introspection and

never ridicule others;

When finding favour in the superior's eyes, one ought to guard against the "extreme joy

begets sorrow" calamity.

When one's honour and rank reach their height, disgrace and shame are approaching;

One can avert disasters if one timely retires to one's home or seclusion.

Shu Guang and Shu Shou (two wise persons of the Han Dynasty) resigned from their post

at an opportune time,

Who else could force them to giver their resignation?

索居闲处，沉默寂寥。求古寻论，散虑逍遥。 欣奏累遣，戚谢欢招。

Stay at a lonely place and retire in comfort,

Without gossips one could live in serenity and happiness.

Seek ancient wisdom and find life's truth,

Be carefree and live in leisureliness.

Joy is increased and worry is decreased,

As sorrow declines, there comes joyousness.

渠荷的历，园莽抽条。枇杷晚翠，梧桐早凋。

Lotus blooms in the lake look dazzlingly beautiful,

The grass in the garden sprouts and turns green.

Loquats are still as green as emerald even in winter,

Wutong trees' leaves early in autumn are fallen.

陈根委翳，落叶飘摇。游鹍独运，凌摩绛霄。

Old roots die naturally,

Old leaves fall and fly.

A solitary roc is flying

High as if it reached the sky.

耽读玩市，寓目囊箱。易輶攸畏，属耳垣墙。

9 To be deep in studies is like being in a marketplace,

All one sees are things about books.

After you have a new carriage, you should be aware of the new danger;

When you talk, you shouldn't forget "Walls have ears".

具膳餐饭，适口充肠。饱饫烹宰，饥厌糟糠。

When people usually eat,

They can be satisfied if the food suits their taste.

When they have just eaten enough, even the best food like meat and fish can not attract

them;

When they are hungry, even the bad food like chaff and husks can satisfy their appetite.

亲戚故旧，老少异粮。妾御绩纺，侍巾帷房。

When relatives and old friends visit your home,

You should treat them differently: better food is given to older relatives and older friends.

Married women's main daily work at home is spinning and weaving,

And their duty in their bedrooms is to attend their husbands.

纨扇圆洁，银烛炜煌。昼眠夕寐，蓝笋象床。

Silk fans were pure, elegant and white,

Candles were silver and burning dazzlingly bright.

Took a rest during the day on blue bamboo mats

And slept on ivory beds at night.

弦歌酒宴，接杯举觞。矫手顿足，悦豫且康。

Banquets were given and livened up by bands singing in hounour of visitors and friends,

Who, with their hosts, raised high their cups to toast each other and drank contently.

They sang cheerfully and danced for joy,

They were so happy that they enjoyed good health naturally.

嫡后嗣续，祭祀烝尝。稽颡再拜，悚惧恐惶。

People, from generation to generation,

Never forget to offer sacrifices timely to gods and their ancestors in every season.

10 When the sacrifices were offered, they kowtowed to express their courtesy solemnly;

They were full of awe and veneration and were in fear and trepidation.

笺牒简要，顾答审详。骸垢想浴，执热愿凉。

Letters and documents should be concise,

Answers to others' questions should be in detail.

People want to take a bath if they have got dirty,

A hot thing in hand is hoped to become cool.

驴骡犊特，骇跃超骧。诛斩贼盗，捕获叛亡。

When donkeys, mules, calves and bulls get startled,

They all possibly run wildly.

Governments are in charge of arresting rebels and escaped criminals,

And killing the bandits usually.

布射僚丸，嵇琴阮啸。恬笔伦纸，钧巧任钓。

Lü Bu was adept in shooting arrows and Yi Liao at playing with pellets,

Jikang was good at plucking a certain musical instrument and Ruan Ji at whistling.

Meng Tian was the first man to make writing brush and Cai Lun the first man to make

people,

Ma Jun, a skilful craftsman, created a waterwheel and an ancient gentleman surnamed Ren

was good at fishing.

释纷利俗，竝皆佳妙。毛施淑姿，工颦妍笑。

It is beneficial to society to settle disputes,

Which is a good deed, but the way to settle disputes should be skilful.

Both Mao Qiang and Xi Shi were outstanding beauties in ancient China;

Frowning or similing, they still looked charming and beautiful.

年矢每催，曦晖朗曜。璇玑悬斡，晦魄环照。指薪修祜，永绥吉劭。

Time flies like an arrow and hastens people to their old age,

The sun shines overhead.

The Plough moves high in the sky,

The moon, whether full or not, illuminates the whole world.

11 People should be useful and accumulate merit by good deeds

So that a peaceful and happy life can be permanently lived.

矩步引领，俯仰廊庙。束带矜庄，徘徊瞻眺。

When walking, people should be steady and easy in their manners;

Whether bending bodies or raising heads, people should behave themselves as seriously as

in temples.

The dress people wear should look neat and dignified,

When taking walks or climbing high, people should pay attention to their appearances.

孤陋寡闻，愚蒙等诮。谓语助者，焉哉乎也。

Since I am limited in knowledge and ill-informed,

I might be like a benighted person to impress others ridiculously.

Some quite frequently-used auxiliary words in Chinese

Are the four characters whose pronunciations are "yān" ,"zāi","hū” and "yě“separately.

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