Unit5SectionB知识点讲解例题鲁教版(五四学制)八年级英语下册(1)

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Unit 5 I think that mooncakes are delicious!

Section B

一、短语默写

1. 打扮成...

2. 点蜡烛

3. 卡通人物

4. 捉弄某人

5. 招待某人

6. 与人为善;善待某人

7. 圣诞节的真正意义

8. 某人写的一部著名小说

9. 过去常常/一直做某事

10. 受到惩罚

二、知识点讲解

1. What does Wu Yu think of this festival? 吴宇认为这个节日怎么样？

（1）What do/does sb. think of…?某人认为…怎么样？相当于“How do/does sb. like…?”用来询问某人对…的看法

（2）think of想起；认为；考虑。其中of为介词，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。

2. A Christmas Carol is a famous short novel written by Charles Dickens.

<<圣诞欢歌>>是查尔斯·狄更斯写的一部著名短篇小说。

written by Charles Dickens是过去分词作后置定语修饰名词novel, written与novel之间为被动关系。

分词作定语的区别：

现在分词作定语：所修饰的词和分词之间是主动关系；现在分词表示动作正在进行

正在扫地的那个学生是我们的班长。The student sweeping the floor is our monitor.

过去分词作定语：所修饰的词和分词之间是被动关系；过去分词表示完成的事。

被校长表扬的那个学生是我们的班长。The student praised by headmaster is our monitor.

练习：I don't know the people______________(lie) on the grass(草).

My parents haven’t read the novels_____________(write) by Han Han.

The nurse called Carolyn is patient with her patients.(英译汉)

____________________________________________________________________________

11. 警告某人做某事

12. 最终成为;最后处于

13. 期盼某人做某事

14. 使某人想起...

15. 允诺做某事

16. 传播爱和欢乐

17. 下蛋

18. 不但...而且...

19. 分发；发放

20. 分散;扩散

will ____________________on you if you don’t _______________________.

如果你不招待他们，孩子们就会对你搞恶作剧

He doesn’t ______________________. 他不与人为善。

名词

treat

请客；款待

款待；看待

动词

治疗

my/your treat 我/你请客

treat ...as... 把...看作...

我们的班主任总是把我们当作她的孩子_____________________________________________________

谢谢你热情地款待了我们_________________________________________________________________

她请我们吃了些美味的鸡肉。_____________________________________________________________

4.

(1) make此处作使役动词，使；叫；让。常见的使役动词还有have，let等。make的常见用法是：

① make sb. do sth. “让某人做某事”

例：Don't make her work at night.不要让她在晚上工作。

② make sb./sth.+形容词，“使某人/某物……”

例：He often makes me bored.他经常使我感到厌烦。

(2) 辨析：scared, scary与 scare

 scared 形容词 惊慌的，害怕的，常说明人的感受.

例：I felt scared because of the big dog.因为这只大狗，我感到害怕。

be scared of sth.意为“害怕某事/某物”,of为介词,其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。

例：She's scared of snakes. 她害怕蛇。

be scared to do sth.意为“害怕做某事”。

例：She is scared to go out at night. 她害怕夜里外出

 scary 形容词 吓人的，恐怖的，常说明事物的特征

例：The movie is really scary.这部电影真恐怖。

 scare 动词 使恐怖

例：The terrible movie scared me.这部可怕的电影让我恐惧。

5. But behind all these things lies_________________________________ : ________________________

______________________________________around us.

但是隐藏在这一切的背后是圣诞节的真正意义：分享与给予我们周围的人爱与欢乐的重要性。

lie 存在；平躺；处于 v.

lie不及物动词，过去式和过去分词为lay和lain。

例：The problem lies in deciding when to start. 问题在于决定何时动身。

【辨析】lie与lay

 lie 动词 躺；位于 lay lain lying

动词 说谎 lied lied lying

名词 谎言

 lay 动词 放置；下蛋 laid laid laying

is ____________and only ___________________ himself他十分吝啬,只想着自己。

mean 在句中做形容词，意思是“吝啬的；小气的”

mean 还可作动词，“意味，想要，意欲” What does this word mean?

mean to do sth 打算做某事 I didn’t mean you to read the book.

used to be just like scrooge,so he was punished after he died.

Marley曾经像Scrooge一样，所以他死后被惩罚了

(1) die是动词“死亡”，非延续性动词，died是过去式。名词形式：death

dead 是die的形容词形式，“死了的；去世的”，be dead 表示状态，可与一段时间连用。

例：When people found the poor girl, she was dead. 当人们发现这个可怜的女孩时，她已经死了。

He was watching his dead cat when I came in. 当我进来时，他正在注视着他那死去的猫。

dying 临死的；垂死的 adj.常在名词前作定语。

例：I’ll remember her dying words forever. 我将永远记着她的遗言。

Yao Beina _______________(die) for more than two __________made her fans very sad.

（2）punish 处罚；惩罚 v. punish sb. 因…而处罚某人

例：It’s unfair to punish the whole class for the actions of one or two students.

【拓展】punishment 处罚；惩罚 n.

8. He warns Scrooge to change his ways if he doesn’t want to end up like him.

他告诫Scrooge如果他不想最终成为和他一样的人就要改变方式。

(1) warn 警告; 告诫 v.

warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（不要）做某事

例：He warns me not to go out at night. 他警告我晚上不要出去。

warn sb. of / about sth. 提醒或警告某人注意某事

例：He warned us about the serious situation. 他提醒我们注意形势的严峻性。

(2) end up 最终成为；最后处于，常见用法：

end up doing sth. 以做某事而结束 We didn’t like it at first, but we ended up cheering.

end up with+名词 以…结束 The party will end up with a song.

end up as…最终成为… Tony ended up as a doctor.

end 可作名词，意为“末尾，尽头”

at the end of .... 在...的尽头/末尾 in the end 最后

9. First, the Ghost of Christmas Past takes him back to his childhood and reminds Scrooge of his

happier days as a child.

首先,“圣诞节的过去之灵”带他回到了他的童年时代,使斯克鲁奇回想起孩提时代的欢乐时光。

（1）take sb. back to.意为“带某A回到…”。

例：下周我将带你回伦敦。___________________________________________________

（2）remind及物动词,意为“提醒,使记起,使想起”

re sb./sth.意为“使某人想起某人/某事”。

例：这些照片使我想起了我的学校时光。_______________________________________________

remind sb. to do sth.意为“提醒某人做某事”。

例：他的父母经常提醒他努力学习。_____________________________________________________

remind sb.+that从句，意为“提醒某人……

例：I remind her that she must go home before dark. 我提醒她她必须在天黑之前回家。

only do people spread them around in different hiding places for an egg hunt, but they also

give out these treats as gifts.

人们不禁会把鸡蛋分散地藏在不同的地方来玩寻蛋游戏，而且还会把它们作为礼物分发出去。

不但…而且…：是一个并列连词，在句中连接两个并列对等的成分。

在使用 时还应注意以下几点：

①当连接两个主语时，谓语动词单复数与其临近的主语保持一致。

例：不仅学生们，还有那位老师都反对该项计划。

Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.

Not only they but also their son__________(dream)of traveling around the world.

②当连接两个分句，并且not only位于句首时，第一个分句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。

例：Not only do they need clothes, but they are also short of water. 他们不仅需要衣服，而且也缺水。

Not only______he ________(speak) English correctly,but also he speaks it fluently.

他不仅打破了僵局，而且还使交谈轻松幽默。

__________________________________________________________________________________

其他重点句子

1.他还告诉Scrooge等待三个幽灵的造访。

He also tells Scrooge to ___________three spirits _____visit him.

2. 他只在乎他是否能赚更多的钱

He just ______________________________________________________________.

3. 他是如此的惊恐以至于他在床上醒来并且发现时间仅仅是第二天早上。

He is so__________that he______________in his bed and _____________it is only the next morning.

4. 他决定改变他的生活并且许诺成为一个更好的人

He_______________________________and _________________________be a better man.

5. 他还送给需要帮助的人礼物

He also____________________________________________in need.

6. 他用善良和热情待人，将爱和快乐传播给他去的每一个地方

He now treats everyone________________________,___________________everywhere he goes.

7. 母鸡下蛋，孕育新生命，所以鸡蛋是新生命的象征。

Hens__________________,_______________________,so an egg is _____________________________.

三、经典练习

填空题

1. —Let's go out to enjoy the __________(温暖) of the sun. —Sounds great.

2. I have grown up. Don't ______（对待）me like a child.

3. He often __________(警告) his friends not to drive after drinking.

4. Mrs. Smith ___________(惩罚) him for cheating on the exam yesterday.

5. — It's wrong of us to ______（传播）some untrue news on the Internet. — Yeah, I agree with you.

often goes to visit his (亲戚)in the countryside.

7. My father promised __________ (buy) me a new bike the next month.

8. Harry Potter __________ (write) by J. K. Rowling is very popular with teenagers.

all expect him ______ (do) better in exams next time.

April Fool’s jokes may end up ____________(be) not very fun.

used___________(stay) up late in the past.

found an old man on the side of the road.(lie)

翻译句子

1.

警察告诫这位年轻人不要偷别人的东西

_________________________________________________________________________

2.

这部电影使我回想起了我的童年

_________________________________________________________________________

3. 通过交换礼物，我们不仅分享爱，而且传递快乐

_________________________________________________________________________

4. 为什么不仅你最大的努力去帮助需要帮助的人呢？

_________________________________________________________________________

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