希拉里-妇女的权利也是人权(精简版)

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2024年1月22日发(作者：)

希拉里-妇女的权利也是人权

希拉里:妇女的权利也是人权

Remarks to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on

Women Plenary Sessionby Hillary Rodham Clinton delivered 5

September 1995, Beijing, China希拉里1995年在联合国第四届妇女大会上的演讲：妇女的权利也是人权。该演讲至今仍是世界妇女人权的重要篇章。Mrs。 Mongella, Under Secretary Kittani,

distinguished delegates and guests: I ould like to thank the

Secretary General of the United Nations for inviting me to be

a part of the United Nations Fourth World Conference of Women。

This is truly a celebration -- a celebration of the

contributions omen make in every aspect of life: in the home,

on the job, in their munities, as mothers, ives, sisters,

daughters, learners, orkers, citizens and leaders。It is also

a ing together, much of the ay omen e together ever day in every

country。We e together in fields and in factories。 We e together

in village markets and supermarkets。 We e together in living

rooms and board rooms。Whether it is hile playing ith our

children in the park, or ashing clothes in a river, or taking

a break at the office ater cooler, e e together and talk about

our aspirations and concern。 And time and again, our talk turns

to our children and our families。 Hoever different e may be,

there is far more that unites us than divides us。 We share a

mon future, and are here to find mon ground so that e may help

bring ne dignity and respect to omen and girls all over the orld。

By doing this, e bring ne strength and stability to families

as ell。By gathering in Beijing, e are focusing orld attention

on issues that matter most in the lives of omen and their

families: access to education, health care, jobs and credit,

the chance to enjoy basic legal and human rights and participate

fully in the political life of their countries。There are some

ho question the reason for this conference。Let them listen to

the voices of omen in their homes, neighborhoods, and orkplaces。There are some ho onder hether the lives of omen and girls matter

to economic and political progress around the globe。Let them

look at the omen gathered here and at Huairou -- the homemakers,

nurses, teachers, layers, policymakers, and omen ho run their

on businesses。It is conferences like this that pel governments

and people everyhere to listen, look and face the orld's most

pressing problems。Wasn't it after the omen's conference in

Nairobi ten years ago that the orld focused for the first time

on the crisis of domestic violence?Earlier today, I

participated in a World Health Organization forum, here

government officials, NGOs, and individual citizens are orking

on ays to address the health problems of omen and girls。Tomorro,

I ill attend a gathering of the United Nations Development Fund

for Women。 There, the discussion ill focus on local -- and

highly successful -- programs that give hard-orking omen access

to credit so they can improve their on lives and the lives of

their families。What e are learning around the orld is that if

omen are healthy and educated, their families ill flourish。

If omen are free from violence, their families ill flourish。

If omen have a chance to ork and earn as full and equal partners

in society, their families ill flourish。And hen families

flourish, munities and nations ill flourish。That is hy every

oman, every man, every child, every family, and every nation

on our planet has a stake in the discussion that takes place

here。Over the past 25 years, I have orked persistently on issues

relating to omen, children, and families。 Over the past

to-and-a half years, I have had the opportunity to learn more

about the challenges facing omen in my on country and around

the orld。I have met ne mothers in Jojakarta and Indonesia, ho

e together regularly in their village to discuss nutrition,

family planning, and baby care。I have met orking parents in

Denmark ho talk about the fort they feel in knoing that their

children can be cared for in creative, safe, and nurturing

after-school centers。I have met omen in South Africa ho helped

lead the struggle to end apartheid and are no helping build a

ne democracy。I have met ith the leading omen of the Western

Hemisphere ho are orking every day to promote literacy and

better health care for the children of their countries。I have

met omen in India and Bangladesh ho are taking out small loans

to buy milk cos, rickshas, thread and other materials to create

a livelihood for themselves and their families。I have met

doctors and nurses in Belarus and Ukraine ho are trying to keep

children alive in the aftermath of Chernobyl。The great

challenge of this Conference is to give voice to omen everyhere

hose experiences go unnoticed, hose ords go unheard。Women prise

more than half the ord's population。 Women are 70% of the orld's

poor, and to-thirds of those are not taught to read and rite。Women are the primary caretakers for most of the orld's children

and elderly。 Yet much of the ork e do is not valued -- not by

economists, not by historians, not by popular culture, not by

government leaders。At this very moment, as e sit here, omen

around the orld are giving birth, raising children, cooking

meals, ashing clothes, cleaning houses, planting crops, orking

on assembly lines, running panies, and running countries。Women

also are dying from diseases that should have been prevented

or treated。 They are atching their children succumb to

malnutrition caused by poverty and economic deprivation。 They

are being denied the right to go to school by their on fathers

and brothers。 They are being forced into prostitution, and they

are being barred from the band lending office and banned from

the ballot box。Those of us ho have the opportunity to be here

have the responsibility to speak for those ho could not。As an

American, I ant to speak up for those omen in my on country梬omen ho are raising children on the minimum age, omen ho can抰 afford health care or child care, omen hose lives are

threatened by violence, including violence in their on homes。I ant to speak up for mothers ho are fighting for good schools,

safe neighborhoods, clean air, and clean airaves; for older

omen, some of them idos, ho have raised their families and no

find their skills and life experiences are not valued in the

orkplace; for omen ho are orking all night as nurses, hotel

clerks, and fast food cooks so that they can be at home during

the day ith their kids; and for omen everyhere ho simply don抰 have time to do everything they are called upon to do each

day。Speaking to you today, I speak for them, just as each of

us speaks for omen around the orld ho are denied the chance to

go to school, or see a doctor, or on property, or have a say

about the direction of their lives, simply because they are omen。

The truth is that most omen around the orld ork both inside and

outside the home, usually by necessity。We need to understand

that there is no formula for ho omen should lead their lives。That is hy e must respect the choices that each oman makes for

herself and her family。 Every oman deserves the chance to

realize her on God-given potential。We also must recognize that

omen ill never gain full dignity until their human rights are

respected and protected。Our goals for this Conference, to

strengthen families and societies by empoering omen to take

greater control over their destinies, cannot be fully achieved

unless all governments -- here and around the orld -- accept

their responsibility to protect and promote internationally

recognized human rights。The international munity has long

acknoledged -- and recently affirmed at Vienna -- that both omen

and men are entitled to a range of protections and personal

freedoms, from the right of personal security to the right to

determine freely the number and spacing of the children they

bear。No one should be forced to remain silent for fear of

religious or political persecution, arrest, abuse or torture。Tragically, omen are most often the ones hose human rights are

violated。Even in the late 20th century, the rape of omen

continues to be used as an instrument of armed conflict。 Women

and children make up a large majority of the orld's refugees。

When omen are excluded from the political process, they bee even

more vulnerable to abuse。I believe that, on the eve of a ne

millennium, it is time to break our silence。 It is time for

us to say here in Bejing, and the orld to hear, that it is no

longer acceptable to discuss omen's rights as separate from

human rights。These abuses have continued because, for too long,

the history of omen has been a history of silence。 Even today,

there are those ho are trying to silence our ords。The voices

of this conference and of the omen at Huairou must be heard loud

and clear:It is a violation of human rights hen babies are

denied food, or droned, or suffocated, or their spines broken,

simply because they are born girls。It is a violation of human

rights hen oman and girls are sold into the slavery of

prostitution。It is a violation of human rights hen omen are

doused ith gasoline, set on fire and burned to death because

their marriage dories are deemed too small。It is a violation

of human rights hen individual omen are raped in their on

munities and hen thousands of omen are subjected to rape as a

tactic or prize of ar。It is a violation of human rights hen

a leading cause of death orldide along omen ages 14 to 44 is

the violence they are subjected to in their on homes。It is a

violation of human rights hen omen are denied the right to plan

their on families, and that includes being forced to have

abortions or being sterilized against their ill。If there is

one message that echoes forth from this conference, it is that

human rights are omen's rights -- and omen's rights are human

rights。 Let us not forget that among those rights are the right

to speak freely -- and the right to be heard。Women must enjoy

the right to participate fully in the social and political lives

of their countries if e ant freedom and democracy to thrive and

endure。It is indefensible that many omen in nongovernmental

organizations ho ished to participate in this conference have

not been able to attend -- or have been prohibited from fully

taking part。Let me be clear。 Freedom means the right of people

to assemble, organize and debate openly。 It means respecting

the vies of those ho may disagree ith the vies of their

governments。 It means not taking citizens aay from their loved

ones and jailing they, mistreating them, or denying them their

freedom or dignity because of the peaceful expression of their

ideas and opinions。In my country, e recently celebrated the

75th anniversary of omen's suffrage。 It took 150 years after

the signing of our Declaration of Independence for omen to in

the right to vote。It took 72 years of organized struggle on

the part of many courageous omen and men。 It as one of America's

most divisive philosophical ars。 But it as also a bloodless

ar。 Suffrage as achieved ithout a shot being fired。We have

also been reminded, in V-J Day observances last eekend, of the

good that es hen men and omen join together to bat the forces

of tyranny and build a better orld。We have seen peace prevail

in most places for a half century。 We have avoided another orld

ar。But e have not solved older, deeply-rooted problems that

continue to diminish the potential of half the orld's

population。No it is time to act on behalf of omen everyhere。If e take bold steps to better the lives of omen, e ill be taking

bold steps to better the lives of children and families too。Families rely on mothers and ives for emotional support and care;

families rely on omen for labor in the home; and increasingly,

families rely on omen for ine needed to raise healthy children

and care for other relatives。As long as discrimination and

inequities remain so monplace around the orld -- as long as

girls and omen are valued less, red less, fed last, overorked,

underpaid, not schooled and subjected to violence in and out

of their homes -- the potential of the human family to create

a peaceful, prosperous orld ill not be realized。Let this

Conference be our -- and the orld's -- call to action。And let

us heed the call so that e can create a orld in hich every oman

is treated ith respect and dignity, every boy and girl is loved

and cared for equally, and every family has the hope of a strong

and stable future。Thank you very much。May God bless you, your

ork and all ho ill benefit from it

本文标签： 妇女权利人权演讲世界