西方节日的中英文简介

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2024年3月17日发(作者：)

圣诞节（Christmas）

圣诞节是欧美国家一年中最重要的节日。它原本是耶稣基督（Jesus christ）诞辰纪念日，

如今已成为西方国家全民性的节日，颇似中国的春节。圣诞节定于每年12月25日，而圣诞

节节期（Christmas Season）往往持续二周。这段时期里，雪片般的贺卡飞往世界各地，

电话线、通讯网频繁地传递人们的祝福和问候；大街小巷粉饰一新，商店橱窗前大减价、大

拍卖的广告格外醒目；到处可见人们拎着大包小包的节日用品匆匆而过，到处可听见欢快的

歌声和笑声。车站、机场里此时挤满了盼望回家的人群，因为圣诞节也是家人团聚的日子。

无论外出多远，人们都会想方设法赶回家与亲人团聚。

新年（New Year's Day）

在西方国家，尽管圣诞节才是最大的节日，新年在人们心目中仍占有不可替代的重要地位。

除夕之夜（New Year's Day）晚会是庆祝新年到来必不可少的活动。西方各国的人们都喜欢

在欢快的乐曲和绚丽的光彩中喜气洋洋地度过一年的最后一个夜晚。此时，化装晚会特别受

欢迎。来宾们把尊严和谨慎藏在面具之后，打扮得稀奇古怪。大家无拘无束，尽情玩乐，与

平日的行为大相径庭。在英美两国，午夜钟声一响，参加晚会的人们还要手拉手高唱"友谊

地久天长"这首著名的苏格兰民歌。

情人节（Valentine's day ）

每年2月14 日 ，在春回大地之时，欧美各地的人们都会欢度情人节（又名“圣瓦伦丁节”）。

在这个充满了浪漫与幻想的节日里，情侣位互拆衷肠。许多人选择这一天订婚、结婚；各地

的大学、中学 和一些团体俱乐部主办热闹非凡的情人舞会；商店里推出各种表达柔情蜜意

的礼品，剧院里演出以爱情为主题的戏剧节目，报刊杂志则刊登永志史书的罗曼史……

愚人节（April fool's Day）

一年中有一天西方国家的人可以名正言顺地说谎，取笑别人，当然也会被人取笑。不仅如此，

谁编造的谎言最离奇，最能骗人，那么他就会荣获“桂冠”。在这个尽情开玩笑的日子里，有

些玩笑虽然开得过火，近乎恶作剧，可是人们并不在意，因为大家都知道这一天是愚人节。

复活节 （Easter）

复活节是为了纪念耶稣被钉上十字架，3天后死而复活的基督教节日。它是基督教与古代所

谓异教风俗的结合物。据说复活节（Easter）一词源于盎格鲁撒克逊民族神话中黎明女神的

名字Eostre。它的愿意是指冬日逝去后，春天的太阳从东方升起，把新生命带回。由于该

词喻意新生，于是被基督教教徒借用过来表示生命、光明、欢乐的恩赐者耶稣再次回到人间。

按照习俗，复活节的日期是3月21日起月圆后的第一个星期日。如果月圆正值星期日，则要

顺延至下一个星期日。历年复活节的实际日期最早可在3月22日，最晚则要挪到4月25日。

根据各国不同的规定，人们都会或多或少休假几天。一般来，大学都从复活节开始放春假，

假期长达三四周，短的也有一两周。过去，在多数西方国家里，复活节一般要举行盛大的宗

教游行。游行者身穿长袍，手持十字架，赤足前进。他们打扮成基督教历史人物，唱着颂歌

欢庆耶稣复活。如今节日游行已失去往日浓厚的宗教色彩。节日游行洋溢着喜庆的气氛，具

有浓烈的民间特色和地方特色。在美国，游行队伍中即有身穿牛仔服踩高跷的小丑，也有活

泼可爱的卡通人物米老鼠。在英国，游行多以介绍当地的历史和风土人情为主，游行者化装

成为苏格兰风笛乐队以及皇宫卫士，吸引了众多的游客。复活节的到来还使人们纷纷换上新

衣。过去基督教教徒会在节前去教堂行洗礼，然后穿上自己的新袍，庆祝基督的新生。穿戴

一新的习俗保留至今，因为人们认为节日里不穿新衣是要倒运的。复活节期间，人们还喜欢

彻底打扫自己的住处，表示新生活从此开始。

万圣节前夕（Halloween）

假如你在10月的某一天徜徉在美国、英国或爱尔兰等国的街头，忽然发现到处挂满了面目

狰狞鬼脸。商店门外的音箱不时发出鬼怪凄厉的叫声，你应该立刻意识到一年一度的万圣节

（All Saints's Day or All Holy Ones' Day ）再次来临了。

圣诞节Christmas

An Ancient Holiday

The middle of winter has long been a time of celebration around the world. Centuries

before the arrival of the man called Jesus, early Europeans celebrated light and birth in

the darkest days of winter. Many peoples rejoiced during the winter solstice, when the

worst of the winter was behind them and they could look forward to longer days and

extended hours of sunlight.

In Scandinavia, the Norse celebrated Yule from December 21, the winter solstice, through

January. In recognition of the return of the sun, fathers and sons would bring home large

logs, which they would set on fire. The people would feast until the log burned out, which

could take as many as 12 days. The Norse believed that each spark from the fire

represented a new pig or calf that would be born during the coming year.

The end of December was a perfect time for celebration in most areas of Europe. At that

time of year, most cattle were slaughtered so they would not have to be fed during the

winter. For many, it was the only time of year when they had a supply of fresh meat. In

addition, most wine and beer made during the year was finally fermented and ready for

drinking.

感恩节The History of Thanksgiving and its CelebrationsCelebrations

Thanksgiving is celebrated on the 4th Thursday of November.

Thanksgiving Day in America is a time to offer thanks, of family gatherings and holiday

meals. A time of turkeys, stuffing, and pumpkin pie. A time for Indian corn, holiday parades

and giant balloons .

Throughout history mankind has celebrated the bountiful harvest with thanksgiving

ceremonies.

Before the establishment of formal religions many ancient farmers believed that their

crops contained spirits which caused the crops to grow and die. Many believed that these

spirits would be released when the crops were harvested and they had to be destroyed or

they would take revenge on the farmers who harvested them. Some of the harvest

festivals celebrated the defeat of these spirits.

Harvest festivals and thanksgiving celebrations were held by the ancient Greeks, the

Romans, the Hebrews, the Chinese, and the Egyptians.

万圣节Halloween October

Spooky, kooky, creepy, and fun! Halloween is the time of Ghosts, Goblins, Gravestones

and Graveyards. Of Spooks and Spirits and silly-fun tricks. Of Witches and Warlocks and

Scary Black Cats. And Candy Corn, Jelly Apples, Pumpkins and Bats.

Halloween is one of the oldest holidays with origins going back thousands of years. The

holiday we know as Halloween has had many influences from many cultures over the

centuries. From the Roman's Pomona Day, to the Celtic festival of Samhain, to the

Christian holidays of All Saints and All Souls Days.

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