2020届湖南省怀化市高三第一次模拟考试英语试题 (解析版)

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2020届湖南省怀化市高三第一次模拟考试英语试题 （解析版）

1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡和该试题卷的封面上，并认真核对条形码上的

姓名、准考证号和科目。

2. 考生作答时，选择题和非选择题均须做在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。考生在答题卡上按答题

卡中注意事项的要求答题。

3. 考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

4. 本试题卷共8页，如缺页，考生须声明，否则后果自负。

第一部分：听力 (共两节, 满分30分)

做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对

话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A.￡19.5. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.

答案是 C.

1. When does the concert start?

A. At 6:30. B. At 7:00. C. At 9:00.

2. What will the man do next?

A. Have a rest. B. Go on a flight. C. Attend a meeting.

3. Who went swimming yesterday?

A. Lucy. B. Lucy’s husband. C. Lucy and her husband.

4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?

A. At the railway station. B. In the school. C. At the police station.

5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. The storm. B. Their car. C. The dog.

第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时

间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What does the woman major in?

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A. English Literature. B. Art. C. Computer.

7. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?

A. Librarian and student. B. Boss and employee. C. Shopkeeper and customer.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. How did the woman come this morning?

A. By train. B. By car. C. By air.

9. Why did the woman change her job?

A. Because the salary was too low. B. Because she wanted to try different jobs.

C. Because the working condition was poor.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What’s the woman’s problem?

A. She gains weight again. B. She has no time to watch TV. C. She is tired of disco music.

11. What does the man advise the woman to do?

A. Go outdoors to dance. B. Listen to some light music. C. Buy a dancing machine.

12. How much does a dancing machine cost at least?

A. About 200 yuan. B. About 800 yuan. C. About 1200 yuan.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. How long has Louise been working at the center?

A. For about six months. B. For about one year. C. For about two years.

14. How did Louise feel when she started working at the center?

A. Excited. B. Nervous. C. Confident.

15. What does Louise enjoy doing most about his work?

A. Seeing children have a lot of fun. B. Thinking of new things for children to do.

C. Helping the children achieve more.

16. What does Louise say about working at night?

A. It’s a necessary part of the job. B. It’s something that she enjoys.

C. It’s unfair for her to do it.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What may be taught by graduate students?

A. Beginning courses. B. Photography. C. Pop literature.

18. What’s the main reason for graduate students to teach?

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A. To make some money. B. To get valuable experience. C. To gain the respect of parents.

19. Which of the following is true？

A. Graduate students might be good teachers. B. University costs might not increase forever.

C. Students learn better at private schools.

20. What is the main theme of the talk?

A. Graduate students as teachers. B. The importance of professors. C. Fees of American

universities.

第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。

A

Many people travel to enjoy and enrich themselves. As poet Jalaluddin said,“Travel brings

power and love back to your life.”However, their travel methods may be different every year.

Lonely planet listed three top trends of 2019. Let’s take a look.

Solo travel

Traditionally, travel seems to be a group activity to have fun together and avoid loneliness.

But that changed in 2019. Traveling on your own means that you are the boss of everything, choosing

wherever you want to go. For some people, it also shows a better, more confident person, ready

to solve anything. Traveling alone in a totally foreign land can be challenging. “It opens up

your mind to new things and pushes you out of your comfort zone,” Said Kristina, a traveler from

the US.

Augmented(增广的) attractions

World travel can be expensive. But virtual reality and augmented reality, or VR and AR, are

giving more possibilities to “travel” for little cost. With ever-improving headsets,

smart-phones and Wi-Fi connections, technologies have changed the way we travel, bringing the

360-degree experience of museums, theme parks and historical sites to our homes.

In 2019, NASA provided a VR experience of Mars, allowing people to “walk” its surface with

just a headset. Paris’ famous museums, meanwhile, provided more applications with AR technology.

This gives visitors more context and information about exhibits. With that, visitors can view

a sea cow growing flesh before their eyes. These trends will help you beat the crowds and experience

new kinds of travel.

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Getting off the beaten path

In order to avoid the crowds, many liked to visit less famous places after searching online

or following local agencies in 2019. With less transportation and fewer things to do, hitting

upon small towns lets people slow down and notice the little things. Take a walk, ride a bike,

drink coffee, take a deep breath and explore.

1. The author’s main purpose of writing this passage is .

A. to introduce the travel trends of 2019

C. to recommend travel hot spots

B. to encourage more people to travel

D. to explain what makes a good trip

2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. Solo travelers are free to make their own decisions.

B. Travelling alone benefits people a lot.

C. NASA provided a real experience to Mars for people.

D. VR and AR make it cheaper for people to “travel”.

3. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Famous places are still popular with many travelers.

B. Many people begin to explore new ways of travelling.

C. Many people like to search for places online.

D. Less transportation of small towns causes inconvenience.

【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B

【解析】

这是一则旅游广告。文章介绍了2019年的旅游趋势。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中As poet Jalaluddin said,“Travel brings power and love back to your

life.” However, their travel methods may be different every year. Lonely planet listed three

top trends of 2019. Let’s take a look.“正如诗人贾拉鲁丁所说:“旅行给你的生活带来力量和爱。”

然而，他们的旅行方式可能每年都不同。《孤独星球》列出了2019年三大流行趋势。让我们一起来看看。”

由此可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是介绍2019年的旅游趋势。故选A。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中In 2019, NASA provided a VR experience of Mars, allowing people to

“walk” its surface with just a headset.“在2019年，美国宇航局提供了火星的虚拟现实体验，允

许人们仅用一个耳机“行走”火星表面。”由此可知，C项NASA provided a real experience to Mars for

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people.（美国宇航局为人们提供了一次真正的火星体验。）是错误的。故选C。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中In order to avoid the crowds, many liked to visit less famous places

after searching online or following local agencies in 2019. With less transportation and fewer

things to do, hitting upon small towns lets people slow down and notice the little things. Take

a walk, ride a bike, drink coffee, take a deep breath and explore.“为了避开拥挤的人群，许多

人在2019年上网搜索或关注当地机构后，喜欢去不那么有名的地方。由于交通工具少了，可做的事情也少

了，去小城镇走走可以让人们慢下来，注意到一些小事。散步，骑自行车，喝咖啡，深呼吸，探索。”由

此可知，许多人开始探索新的旅行方式。故选B。

B

You probably have not heard of Lu Zikuan, but recently the 11-year-old boy deeply touched

Chinese netizens for donating his bone marrow (骨髓) to save his sick father and has returned

to school in his hometown.

Lu Zikuan is just an ordinary boy from Huixian county, Henan province. On hearing about his

father’s illness, the boy had a strong feeling that he should do something to help. He gained

15 kilograms in three months in order to meet the weight (at least 45 kg) required for an operation

to save his father, who suffered from leukemia（急性白血病）and was in need of a bone marrow

transplant. By filling his stomach with five meals a day, he ballooned to 45 kg from his original

30 kg since March, when the bone marrow was found to match that of his father.

On Sept 9, the operation went smoothly at a Peking University People’s Hospital branch in

Qinghe, Beijing. His father is recovering from the transplant, and the boy has been out of hospital

and on a diet. After putting on weight, even very little exercise would exhaust him and his inner

thighs often got red and swollen when he walked. Now the boy has lost 4 kilograms since the operation,

and he hopes to eventually get back to about 30 kg.

According to his father, Lu Zikuan never bothered him with his studies. His grades have always

been within the top five, and he’s still class monitor. His teachers and classmates also spoke

highly of him, “He is really the kind of boy we can depend on. Whenever we are in trouble, he

is ready to help.”

When interviewed, the boy told the reporter, “It’s nothing. I just did what I should. If

anyone else were in my position, they would definitely do the same thing.”

4. What can we learn about Lu Zikuan?

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A. He disappointed the Chinese netizens greatly.

B. He tried to lose some weight to save his father.

C. He suffered little after gaining weight.

D. He was found to match in bone marrow with his father.

5. Which words can best describe Lu Zikuan?

A. Brave and reliable.

C. Aggressive and ambitious.

B. Selfish and generous.

D. Courageous and outgoing.

6. In which section of a newspaper can we find this passage?

A. Sports.

C. Culture.

7. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Leukemia—A Deadly disease

C. A Successful Operation

【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D

【解析】

这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述的是年仅11岁的小男孩卢子宽捐骨髓救父亲的故事。

4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句By filling his stomach with five meals a day, he ballooned to 45

kg from his original 30 kg since March, when the bone marrow was found to match that of his

father.“通过每天五顿饭填饱肚子，他的体重从3月份的30公斤增加到45公斤，在那时发现他的骨髓与

他父亲的骨髓相匹配。”由此可知，Lu Zikuan他被发现与他父亲的骨髓相匹配。故选D。

【5题详解】

B. The Life Story of Lu Zikuan

D. Brave Boy Saved His Father

B. News.

D. Entertainment.

【

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中On hearing about his father’s illness, the boy had a strong feeling

that he should do something to help.“听到他父亲生病的消息，这个男孩有一种强烈的感觉，他应该

做点什么来帮助他。”和By filling his stomach with five meals a day, he ballooned to 45 kg from

his original 30 kg since March, when the bone marrow was found to match that of his father.“通

过每天五顿饭填饱肚子，他的体重从3月份的30公斤增加到45公斤，在那时发现他的骨髓与他父亲的骨

髓相匹配。”由此可知，他很勇敢。再根据倒数第二段中He is really the kind of boy we can depend

on. Whenever we are in trouble, he is ready to help.“他真是我们可以信赖的那种男孩。每当我们

有困难时，他总是乐于帮助我们。”由此可知，他值得信赖。故选A。

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推理判断题。根据第一段You probably have not heard of Lu Zikuan, but recently the 11-year-old

boy deeply touched Chinese netizens for donating his bone marrow (骨髓) to save his sick father

and has returned to school in his hometown.“你可能没听说过卢子宽，但最近这个11岁的小男孩为

了救他生病的父亲捐出了自己的骨髓，并回到了家乡的学校，他深深地感动了中国网民。”由此可知，这

篇文章讲述的是年仅11岁的小男孩卢子宽捐骨髓救父亲的故事。所以这篇文章最有可能来自报纸的新闻栏

目。故选B。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段You probably have not heard of Lu Zikuan, but recently the 11-year-old

boy deeply touched Chinese netizens for donating his bone marrow (骨髓) to save his sick father

and has returned to school in his hometown.“你可能没听说过卢子宽，但最近这个11岁的小男孩为

了救他生病的父亲捐出了自己的骨髓，并回到了家乡的学校，他深深地感动了中国网民。”由此可知，这

篇文章讲述的是年仅11岁的小男孩卢子宽捐骨髓救父亲的故事。所以文章的最佳主题应该是“Brave Boy

Saved His Father”。故选D。

C

The driver cuts you off in traffic. The neighbors don’t pick up after their dog. The insurance

company keeps you waiting endlessly. Situations such as these get our hearts racing. Anger isn’t

a pleasant feeling. Some of us control the emotion, while others explode in a wild rage. Both

habits affect our bodies, our minds, and our relationships.

Anger may feel uncomfortable, but it’s also normal and healthy. “A lot of people think they

have to get rid of their anger,” says Patrick, a psychologist in Calgary. “But anger is an emotion

built into us to signal that something needs to be solved.” When we take notice of that signal

and actually realize the problem instead of ignoring it, we’re usually much better for it.

Unfortunately, many of us have been conditioned to hide our emotions. Research suggests that

this can have long-term effects on our health. Investigators show that people who suppress their

emotions tend to have shorter life spans. They’re more likely to die earlier from cancer, for

example. When we are angry, stress hormones (荷尔蒙) are released, which can make us develop a

wide range of diseases, including diabetes and depression. Is it better, then, to scream whenever

something makes you mad? That’s the theory behind the “rage rooms” that have appeared in many

American cities, where folks are invited to express their anger by violently hitting stuff in

a “safe” environment. “But the research indicates that when we display our anger aggressively,

it can actually increase the intensity of the anger—and increase the likelihood of aggressive

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actions in the future.” says Keelan. It doesn’t take much imagination to predict how anger can

affect your relationships with your wives or husbands, your kids, or your coworkers. It also hurts

your health.

8. What situation may make people angry?

A. Neighbors pick up their dogs’ waste.

B. The insurance company timely offers service.

C. A driver doesn’t wait for his turn.

D. A stranger helps when people get lost.

9. What can we learn from the passage?

A. People should try their best to control their emotion.

B. Anger does good to our health sometimes.

C. Angry people never release stress hormones.

D. Anger is an emotion signaling something has been solved.

10. What does the unlined word “suppress” in Para.3 mean?

A. affect

C. control

B. develop

D. display

11. How does the writer express his viewpoint?

A. Subjectively.

C. Indifferently.

【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D

【解析】

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章客观地分析了生气对人健康造成的影响。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中The driver cuts you off in traffic. The neighbors don’t pick up after

their dog. The insurance company keeps you waiting endlessly. Situations such as these get our

hearts racing.“司机挡住了你的去路。邻居们不收拾他们的狗。保险公司让你等个不停。这样的情况让

我们心跳加速。”由此判断出，C项A driver doesn’t wait for his turn.（司机不会等着轮到自己。）

的这种境况会使人们生气。故选C。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中第一句Anger may feel uncomfortable, but it’s also normal and

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B. Pessimistically.

D. Objectively.

healthy.“愤怒可能会让人感觉不舒服，但这也是正常和健康的。”由此可知，愤怒有时对我们的健康有

益。故选B。

【10题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第三段中Unfortunately, many of us have been conditioned to hide our emotions.

Research suggests that this can have long-term effects on our health.“不幸的是，我们很多人都

习惯于隐藏自己的情绪。研究表明，这可能会对我们的健康产生长期影响。”由此可知，Investigators show

that people who suppress their emotions tend to have shorter life spans.“研究人员表明，压抑

情绪的人往往寿命较短。”所以划线词的意思是“控制”。故选C。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Anger may feel uncomfortable, but it’s also normal and healthy.“愤

怒可能会让人感觉不舒服，但这也是正常和健康的。”和第三段第一句Unfortunately, many of us have

been conditioned to hide our emotions.“不幸的是，我们很多人都习惯于隐藏自己的情绪。”由此可

知，作者“客观地”表达自己的观点。故选D。

【点睛】做词义猜测题时，利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，最常

见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。尤其是要抓住所需推断词汇前后的含义。本题第3

小题，根据第三段中Unfortunately, many of us have been conditioned to hide our emotions. Research

suggests that this can have long-term effects on our health.“不幸的是，我们很多人都习惯于隐

藏自己的情绪。研究表明，这可能会对我们的健康产生长期影响。”由此可知，Investigators show that

people who suppress their emotions tend to have shorter life spans.“研究人员表明，压抑情绪的

人往往寿命较短。”所以划线词的意思是“控制”。故选C。

D

Scientists have long been doing research on dolphins and have made various interesting

discoveries. Recently Ana Costa at the University of Glasgow in the UK and her team have found

something new about one type of dolphins—Bottlenose dolphins.

Bottlenose dolphins can be found in mild and tropical waters throughout the world. They prefer

coastal waters that are warm and shallow. However, Costa found bottlenose dolphins in South America

may be separated into two different species, thanks to varying habitats between two groups of

the animal. Along the coastlines of southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina in the South Atlantic

Ocean, common bottlenose dolphins that live near the shore don’t look like those that are further

out to sea. They are longer, lighter and have a triangular back fin, unlike the offshore dolphins’

shorter bodies, darker skin and hooked back fins. Apart from the differences mentioned above,

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the two kinds of common bottlenose dolphin also live differently from one another. Those near

the coast form small groups in bays and mouth of rivers and don’t go too far from home, while

those offshore live in pods of hundreds and move from time to time and seldom stay at the same

place.

When Ana Costa and her team looked at the dolphins’ bone framework, they found still more

differences: the offshore dolphins had shorter and more plentiful vertebrae (脊椎) than the

coastal variety. Costa and her colleagues collected more than 250 tissue samples from common

bottlenose dolphins of both groups off Brazil’s coast and analyzed the DNA. The results suggest

the dolphins may be going down different evolutionary paths, separating into two species. The

genetic analysis found differences in a small portion of the dolphins’ genomes (基因组) that

experience fast rates of change over evolutionary time. “All the findings so far are demonstrating

that we are observing two dolphin groups in the process of speciation,” says Costa.

Despite those researches, so far scientists still can’t figure out the exact data of the

existing bottlenose dolphins. Costa and her team are optimistic that one day they will be able

to solve the puzzle and help save these endangered animals.

12. What’s the main idea of the second paragraph?

A. The differences between two bottlenose species.

B. The appearance of bottlenose dolphins.

C. The living habitats of bottlenose dolphins.

D. The causes leading to the differences.

13. What may cause bottlenose dolphins to separate into two species?

A. Their length.

C. Their vertebrae.

14. What can we conclude from the passage?

A. All bottlenose dolphins live near the coast and have similar habits.

B. The discovery of Costa may make a difference to bottlenose dolphins.

C. Bottlenose dolphins often prefer to live in cold waters that are deep.

D. These two dolphin species are not social and live individually.

15. What does the passage talk about?

A. An endangered animal—dolphins.

B. Costa’s new discovery about bottlenose dolphins.

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B. Their weight.

D. Their evolutionary paths.

C. The living environment of bottlenose dolphins.

D. The importance of Costa’s new discovery.

【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. B

【解析】

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍科斯塔关于宽吻海豚的新发现。

【12题详解】

段落大意题。根据第二段中Costa found bottlenose dolphins in South America may be separated into

two different species, thanks to varying habitats between two groups of the animal.“科斯塔发

现，南美洲的宽吻海豚可能被分成两个不同的物种，这是由于两组海豚的栖息地不同所致。” 和Apart from

the differences mentioned above, the two kinds of common bottlenose dolphin also live differently

from one another. “除了上述的不同之外，这两种常见的宽吻海豚的生活方式也各不相同。”由此可知，

第二段讲述的是“两种宽吻海豚的区别。”故选A。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中The results suggest the dolphins may be going down different evolutionary

paths, separating into two species.“结果表明，海豚可能沿着不同的进化路径，分成两个物种。”由

此可知，它们的进化路径可能导致宽吻海豚分裂成两个物种。故选D。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据第最后一段Despite those researches, so far scientists still can’t figure out

the exact data of the existing bottlenose dolphins. Costa and her team are optimistic that one

day they will be able to solve the puzzle and help save these endangered animals.“尽管进行了

这些研究，科学家们至今仍不能找出现存宽吻海豚的确切数据。科斯塔和她的团队乐观地认为，总有一天

他们能够解开这个谜题，帮助拯救这些濒临灭绝的动物。”由此判断出，科斯塔的发现可能会对宽吻海豚

产生影响。故选B。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。题。根据第一段Scientists have long been doing research on dolphins and have made

various interesting discoveries. Recently Ana Costa at the University of Glasgow in the UK and

her team have found something new about one type of dolphins—Bottlenose dolphins. “科学家们

长期以来一直在研究海豚，并有了各种有趣的发现。最近，英国格拉斯哥大学的安娜·科斯塔和她的团队

发现了一种新的海豚——宽吻海豚。”由此判断出，这篇文章介绍科斯塔关于宽吻海豚的新发现。故选B。

【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含

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意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的

答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。

推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。根据第3小题，根

据第最后一段Despite those researches, so far scientists still can’t figure out the exact data

of the existing bottlenose dolphins. Costa and her team are optimistic that one day they will

be able to solve the puzzle and help save these endangered animals.“尽管进行了这些研究，科学

家们至今仍不能找出现存宽吻海豚的确切数据。科斯塔和她的团队乐观地认为，总有一天他们能够解开这

个谜题，帮助拯救这些濒临灭绝的动物。”由此可知，科斯塔的发现可能会对宽吻海豚产生影响。故选B。

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Nowadays facial recognition technology has crept into people’s life and is being commonly

used. How does the technology work? Who uses this technology? In which areas is it applied? What

are people worried about? ___16___

How does facial recognition work? ___17___ This creates a distinctive digital

“face-print”— much like a fingerprint. The system then runs through a database to check it

for a match.

Who are its users? Facial recognition is most common in China, where people can use it to

pay for a coffee, visit tourist attractions, and even withdraw cash from ATMs. ___18___ In Europe,

high-end hotels and retailers also use facial recognition cameras to identify VIPs and celebrities

as they enter, in order to give them good treatment. Several US airlines are looking to replace

boarding passes with face scanners.

Where is facial recognition used? Many people know that facial recognition is being used in

shops and high-speed train stations. But these are only the tip of the iceberg. Law agencies have

had faces on file for decades. Their databases provide them with the identified person’s name,

age, address and any criminal history. Doctors have already started using it to help them diagnose

rare genetic diseases that produce distinctive facial characteristics. ____19____ Facebook’s

system for “tagging” a photo — identifying who is in the picture — is now as accurate as users

doing it themselves. Apple’s new iPhone X can be unlocked when its owner simply looks at it.

___20___ As the technology becomes more widespread, there are growing fears that it will invade

privacy and cause other troubles, thus putting people at risk. Like any new tool, if it gets into

the wrong hands, it can be used for ill purposes.

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