2017年考研英语阅读材料之谷歌无人驾驶汽车

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2017 年考研英语阅读材料之谷歌无人驾驶汽车

MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif. — Google, a leader in effortsto create driverless cars,

has run into an odd safety conundrum: humans.

加利福尼亚州山景城——作为无人驾驶汽车研发领域的领头羊，

一个奇怪的安全难题：人类。

L ast month, as one of Google ’s self-driving cars approached a crosswalk, it did

what it wassupposed to do when it slowed to allow a pedestrian to cross,

prompting its “safety driver ” toapply the brakes. The pedestrian was fine, but not

so much Google ’s car, which was hit frombehind by a human-driven sedan.

谷歌(Google) 遇到了

上月，当谷歌的一辆自动驾驶汽车来到人行横道前时，它像设想的那样放慢速度让一

名行人先行，促使“安全驾驶员”启动刹车。那个行人没事，但谷歌那辆车却没那么幸运。 它被

后面的一辆由人驾驶的轿车追尾了。

Google ’s fleet of autonomous test cars is programmed to follow the letter of

the law. But it canbe tough to get around if you are a stickler for the rules. One

Google car, in a test in 2009,couldn ’t get through a four-way stop because its

sensors kept waiting for other (human)drivers to stop completely and let it go. The

human drivers kept inching forward, looking for theadvantage — paralyzing

Google’s robot.

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按照设计，谷歌的自动测试车会严格遵守法律条文。但如果拘泥于规则，上路可能都

会变得困难。在 2009 年的一次测试中，谷歌的车没能通过一个十字路口，因为它的传感

器一直在等着其他(人类)司机彻底停下来，让它过去。但其他司机一直在向前蹭，寻找有 利

时机。这种情况让谷歌的机器人陷入了瘫痪。

It is not just a Google issue. Researchers in the fledgling field of autonomous

vehicles say thatone of the biggest challenges facing automated cars is blending

theminto a world inwhichhumans don ’t behave by the book. “The real problem

is that the caris too safe,” said DonaldNorman, director of the Design Lab at the

University of California, San Diego, who studiesautonomous vehicles.

这不仅仅是谷歌面临的问题。自动化车辆这一新兴领域的研究人员称，自动车面临的

最大挑战之一是让它们融入一个人类不照章行事的世界。“真正的问题是，这些车太追求

安全了，”研究自动车辆的加州大学圣迭戈分校设计实验室 (Design L ab at the University

of California, San Diego) 主任唐纳德·诺曼 (Donald Norman) 说。

“They have to learn to be aggressive in the right amount, and the right

amount depends onthe culture. ”

“它们得学会适度强硬，而什么叫做适度则取决于不同的文化。”

Traffic wrecks and deaths could well plummet in a world without any drivers,

as someresearchers predict. But wide use of self-driving cars is still many years

away, and testers arestill sorting out hypothetical risks — like hackers — and real

world challenges, like whathappens when an autonomous car breaks down on the

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