2009考研英语真题英语一阅读部分

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2024年7月13日发(作者：)

2009年

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①Habits are a funny thing.②We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing

into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. ③“Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,”

William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. ④In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word“habit”

carries a negative implication.

①So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. ②But

brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and

even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.

①Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own

change by consciously developing new habits.②In fact, the more new things we try—the more we step

outside our comfort zone—the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our

personal lives.

①But don't bother trying to kill off old habits；once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain,

they're there to stay. ②Instead, the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways

that can bypass those old roads.

①“The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,”says Dawna Markova, author of

The Open Mind. ②“But we are taught instead to‘decide', just as our president calls himself‘the Decider.'”

③She adds, however, that“to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. ④A good innovational thinker is

always exploring the many other possibilities.”

①All of us work through problems in ways of which we're unaware, she says.②Researchers in the late

1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways:

analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively.③At the end of adolescence,

however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed

most valuable during the first decade or so of life.

①The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of

us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. ②“This breaks the major rule in the

American belief system—that anyone can do anything,”explains M.J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This

Year and Ms. Markova's business partner. ③“That's a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters

commonness. ④Knowing what you're good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.”⑤This is

where developing new habits comes in.

2009年

Wordsworth's view,“habits”is characterized by being__________.

[A] casual

[B] familiar

[C] mechanical

[D] changeable

researchers have discovered that the formation of new habits can be__________.

[A] predicted

[B] regulated

[C] traced

[D] guided

word“ruts”(Para. 4) is closest in meaning to__________.

[A] tracks

[B] series

[C] characteristics

[D] connections

Markova would most probably agree that__________.

[A] ideas are born of a relaxing mind

[B] innovativeness could be taught

[C] decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas

[D] curiosity activates creative minds

's comments suggest that the practice of standardized testing__________.

[A] prevents new habits form being formed

[B] no longer emphasizes commonness

[C] maintains the inherent American thinking mode

[D] complies with the American belief system

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