【渝粤题库】国家开放大学2021春1354高级英语阅读（2）题目

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试卷代号：1354
2 0 2 1年春季学期期末统一考试
高级英语阅读(2) 试题
2021年7月

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Information for the examinees:
This examination consists of two sections. They are:
Section I :New Words (60 points, 40 minutes)
Section Ⅱ:Reading Comprehension (40 points, 50 minutes)
The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes.

Section I New Words
A Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. (3 points
each)
1. umversal A. necessity
2. poverty B. take attention away
3. requirement C. make less
4. livelihood D. a smile
5. distract E. continue to live or exist
6. surwve F. people who sell things
7. reduce G. the ability to remember
8. grin H. work, job, profession
9. merchants I. available to everyone
10. memory J. being poor

B Fill in the blanks with words from the box below. ( 3 points each)

competitive edge enthusiastic expensive influenced invest
profits slang suddenly survive trend

The popularity of tattoos did not 11 into the 20th century；it slowed down and continued only among soldiers and sailors.These men 12 each other to get tattooed to show how strong they were. As a result, the general public, began to think of people with tattoos as from the lower classes. However, in the late 20th century, a new 13 appeared as young people started to get tattooed.This body art _ 14 _ began to appear in unusual places, not only on arms, but also on legs and backs. Tattoo artists began to 15 in new equipment,ink,and designs. To keep their _ 16 _ ,they opened shops in fashionable places where they could make greater 17 .Actors and musicians got“tats,”and many 18 words came into use.As people became more 19 about this form of body art, tattoos became more
20 because patterns,or“flash,”were more complex.Despite this enthusiasm, however, the trend has begun to slow down, and soon it may be a thing of the past.

Section II Reading Comprehension
A Read the passage. Then answer the questions that follow. ( 5 points each)
Career Change
A People who are thinking about changing careers are often afraid of what will happen if they quit their job. Will they find another one? Will they like another field as well as the one they are in now? Will they be able to grow and advance in a new organization?
B As these questions come to mind, they should try to figure out the answers so they can reach a decision. Although there is a high rate of unemployment in some countries, there are usually jobs for skilled workers who can use computers or other equipment Those who have specialized training in these areas can generally find a position without too much effort.
C The question of whether they’II like another field more than their current one is also a crucial one. While it’s nice to dream about having another job, the reality may be that they aren’t suited for it. For example, if an architect likes to cook but has no idea about how to run a business, it may be risky for him to open a restaurant. He can cook for his friends on weekends and satisfy his dreams of being a chef in that way.
D Another good way for a person to find out if she will be successful in a new field is to try it out as a part-time job. Being an event planner sounds glamorous, but helping friends with parties or weddings might show her that it’s also very stressful. However, if she has the creativity and organization necessary for such a position, she can continue to plan events for friends until she builds up a reputation. Then she can leave her current job to look for a job in event planning knowing that she ’ 11 be successful in this area.
E Once a person has found his or her specialty and decides on the change, it)s necessary to stick with it until the business gets off the ground. This usually takes about five years. If the move has been from one company to another, the person should stay until it is clear he is doing a good job and can advance to a higher position. Following this advice will make the transition smoother and the career change successful.

For each question, choose the best answer based on the reading passage. Write A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.
21. According to the reading, people who think about changing careers generally

   A. quit their jobs
   B. are afraid of quitting their jobs
   C. find another one right away
   D. grow and advance in a new organization

22. There is a high rate of unemployment in some countries, but skilled workers

    A. lose their jobs
    B. try to reach a decision
    C. use computers
    D. with training can still get jobs
    23. If a person dreams about doing another job, .
    A. he is suited for it
    B. he can run a business
    C. he still may not be able to do it
    D. he will be satisfied as a chef
    24. Having a part-time job _ _
    A. is a good way to try another career
    B. sounds glamorous
    C. is very stressful
    D. builds up a person’s career
    25. You should stay in a new career at least five years because
    A. it’s your specialty
    B. you moved from one company to another
    C. you can do a good job and advance in that time
    D. the transition will be smoother
    B Read the passage. Then answer the questions that follow. ( 3 points each)
    Telecommuting
    A As cities become more expensive and crowded, workers often have to movefarther away from their offices in order to find affordable housing in desirableneighborhoods. Sometimes they have to travel an hour or more to work and back and endure a lot of traffic. One popular alternative to the frustrating morning commute is telecommuting. Telecommuting involves working from home and communicating with an employer by phone, fax, or computer. Changing technology makes telecommuting increasingly easy and popular. Some telecommuters work at home full-time, while others go into the office one or two days and work at home the rest of the week. It is estimated that between 18 and 23 million people telecommute in the United States, and between l. 6 and 2 million people telecommute in both the U. K. and Germany. And the numbers are growing.Why are so many people telecommuting? What are the advantages, and do they outweigh the disadvantages?
    B Telecommuting has many advantages. In addition to saving people from thestressful morning commute. it also allows for more flexibility in the workplace.Telecommuters can plan their own schedules； they can customize their work environments；and they can work from anywhere. Often, people with children like to telecommute because it means building a work schedule around family demands and commitments. Additionally,home-offices can provide good tax benefits for telecommuters. Finally, for those who don,tlike the office atmosphere, office politics, or those long, never-ending meetings,telecommuting can provide a release. Telecommuting not only provides advantages to the worker, it benefits the environment as well It contributes to cleaner air (less pollution emitted from cars) , decreased traffic, and job growth in rural areas that might not otherwise offer employment options.
    C Telecommuting has disadvantages as well. For instance, some workers may telecommute not out of choice but because the employer doesn, t wish to provide office space, a work station, or the benefits that on=site employees receive. Another drawback is that not everyone can telecommute. Certain jobs, such as media and publishing, consulting,sales, and telemarketing lend themselves better to telecommuting than others. Some people find it very difficult to work at home. The TV. the refrigerator, the bed, e-mail, and the telephone can be big distractions for telecommuters. On the other hand, some telecommuters can,t separate work from home and have a tendency to overwork. Other disadvantages of telecommuting include the difficulty of office relationships. Sometimes if a worker splits his or her time between home and the office, co-workers who don’t have the opportunity to work at home might feel resentful. Managers might feel powerless to control employees who aren,t on site. Finally, if working from home makes you feel isolated or lonely, then telecommuting is probably not for you.
    D Jeff and Nancy found a way to use telecommuting to change their lives.“Not only do we have a better lifestyle, we have a better life,”says Nancy.Three years ago, the couple sold their Manhattan apartment and bought a mobile home. When they are not traveling around the United States, they live in their adobe bungalow in Santa Fe, New Mexico.“When we saw Santa Fe, we fell in love with the place immediately. But before selling our New York apartment, we spent the year making connections and researching our options for work that we could do.”Nancy does work for a publisher, and Jeff works as an independent consultant Both invested in laptops and say that technology such as wireless Web access and cell phones help them when they’re on the road. Recently, Nancy wrote a cookbook for campers that she has started selling through specialty catalogs and Web sites.“Through telecommuting we are able to make enough money to survive without dipping into our nest egg, and we haven’t given up any of the things we enjoy. Telecommuting is our livelihood.”
    E According to statistics, the number of telecommuters in the United States rose by 3 million between 1999 and 2000. Will the numbers continue to rise as quickly? Will telecommuting continue to grow? If technology continues to improve, perhaps everyone will be working in“virtual offices”and the traditional office will disappear. No one knows for sure but we can be certain that telecommuting is not a fad. It is a practical alternative to the traditional office job, an alternative which is here to stay.

Decide whether the following statements are true or false.Write“T”for True and“F”for False on the Answer Sheet.

26. People who like working in an office will probably like telecommuting.
27. Telecommuting is possible for people in all professions.
28. Telecommuting has helped Jeff and Nancy change their lifestyle.
29. Telecommuting is more flexible than traditional office work.
30. Telecommuting is a fad that will probably disappear soon. 

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