安装androidstudio原生教程

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安装androidstudio原生教程

Beginning Android Development Part One: Installing Android Studio

Learn how to download and install Android Studio in this Beginning Android Development Tutorial.

By Megha BambraDec 14 2015 · Beginner · Article · 25 mins

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Update Note

: This beginning Android developmen tutorial is now up to date with the latest version of Android Studio.

Updates by Megha Bambra. by Matt Luedke. Previous updates by Darryl Bayliss.

Clearly there’s a demand for Android app development since there are over

one billion

active devices around the globe. To

say that it’s an exciting platform and space to make apps for is an understatement.

Getting Started

There aren’t any prerequisites for this beginning Android development tutorial, other than a willing mind and a Mac — you

can certainly develop for Android on PC, but these instructions are tooled for Mac-based developers.

You’ll learn how to set up all the tools you need and will walk away as an Android developer-in-training. Here’s what

you’ll do in this beginning Android development tutorial:

1. Download and install Android Studio.

2. Set up testing for your app on devices and emulators.

3. Create a simple “Hello World!” Android app that prints to your device’s or emulator’s screen.

4. Import a sample project into Android Studio.

Installing Android Studio

One of the most important parts of getting started with any new platform is setting up your environment, and it’s no

different with Android.

It’s important to take your time and follow each step methodically. Even if you follow the steps perfectly, you may have to

troubleshoot a small issue or few. Your system configuration or product versions can make for unexpected all of this in mind, let’s quickly check that you have the Java Development Kit (JDK) installed. To check, you’ll usetrusty old

: You’ll learn the essential steps for this tutorial in the next few paragraphs, but if you’d like to deepen yourknowledge of Terminal, you’ll find a good introductory tutorial about it in this blog from .In a nutshell, using Terminal is kind of like looking under your car’s hood. It’s how you really get to know the machineface-to-face, without any complex graphical interface to can find the Terminal app quite easily on a Mac: open Launchpad and type

terminal into the search at the top of thescreen and select Terminal when it shows you have the Terminal open, type in java -version. You should see some output that mentions a version number, that’s not what you see, then you don’t have the JDK installed. Terminal might tell you -bash: java: command not found, orit could say No Java runtime present, requesting install. and trigger a pop up that will lead you down the yellow brick road…toOracle’s can either click

More Info… or head over to Oracle to from l the JDK if needed, and once you’re done, head over to the and click the

Download Android Studio constantly updates this page, so the version you see may very well be newer than the screenshot above. Once youclick the button, you’ll see a request to agree to the terms and reading these carefully (everybody takes the time to fully read these, right?) accept and click the blue buttonunderneath titled

Download Android Studio. Once the download is complete, you can install Android Studio similar to howyou install any other download page will redirect to a page that contains installation instructions for OS X, Windows and Linux OperatingSystems. If the instructions don’t appear, then you can view them .Once installation wraps itself up, go ahead and launch

Android Studio!The setup wizard will greet you the first time it

Next to move to the

Install Type screen. This whole process will probably take several the box for

Standard and click

the

Verify Settings window, you’ll have an opportunity to confirm your setup. Click

Finish to start downloading the SDKcomponents. Once everything downloads, click

a few minutes, you’ll have the welcome screen, which serves as your gateway to building all things though you just downloaded it, it’s possible that it’s not the latest version. Check whether any updates are availableby clicking

check for updates at the bottom of the welcome screen. If an update is available, a window like the screenshotbelow will appear. Select

Update Now and let it do its Android SDK ManagerEach version of Android has its own

SDK

(Software Development Kit) that enables you to create applications for theAndroid platform. Since you just went through the setup wizard, you’ll already have the latest version of the SDK availableto ling a New SDKHowever, it’s useful to know how to install additional versions of the SDK so that you can develop for all supportedversions of also allow you to create

AVDs

(Android Virtual Devices) that are customized to your personal configuration for thepurpose of testing your the Android Studio welcome screen, click

menu will slide across and present the

Configure menu. Select the

SDK Manager it launches, you’ll see a window like the one below:The first tab of this window, SDK Platforms, lists the Android SDK platform available for the

Show Package Details option to see individual SDK components, such as the platform itself and the sourcespertaining to the API level like system image. Take note of the checkbox next to the SDK platform; it will be pre-selected ifan update is default, the SDK Manager installs the latest packages and tools. Select the SDKs as shown in the screenshot above. Ifyou wish to install other SDKs, just select them for

SDK Tools tab lists developer tools and documentation along with the latest versions. Similar to the first tab, checkingthe

Show Package Details will display available version of SDK first three components in this list, for example, are

Android SDK Build Tools,

Android SDK Tools and

Android SDKPlatform-Tools. Each contains components that are designed to assist in the development of Android and work acrossmultiple SDKs. Go with the default selection on this

SDK Update Sites tab displays the update sites for Android SDK tools and add-ons. You’re not limited to what’slisted because you can add other sites that host their own Android SDK add-ons, and then download them from those the purpose of setting up correctly, select the options that are checked in the screenshot above. Click

Apply at thebottom if it’s active. You’ll be presented with a confirmation dialog for the chosen packages; accept and

OK to close out the window will disappear and the SDK Manager will download and install the selected items. Once it’s done, click

’ll be directed back to the SDK Manager window where clicking

OK will take you back to the

Welcome to the fun begins!Creating Your First ProjectAndroid Studio has a nice little step-by-step tool to help you create your project. Click

Start a new Android StudioProject from the

Welcome to Android Studio screen:Note: If you currently have an Android Studio project open and can’t see the welcome screen, select

FileNew Project fromthe menu to create a new fy Your ProjectAndroid Studio will present you with a project creation screen:Enter OMG Android in

Application name as shown above. Feel free to put your own name in the

Company Domain text you type, you’ll notice the

Package Name automatically changes to create a reverse domain style name based on Package Name is used to uniquely identify your app so that any work performed by a device is always properlyattributed to the source, thus preventing confusion between can set the

Project location to any location on your hard drive — keep the default if you don’t have a

Next at the bottom of the an SDKThe next screen is the

Target Android Devices window. This is where you select device types and operating systems Minimum SDK drop-down menu sets the minimum version of Android required to run your app. The newer the SDK, themore features you’ll have at your disposal; however, newer SDKs support fewer ing this value is simply a matter of balancing the capabilities you want and the devices you want to support. This iswhere developing for Android can get a little you really want to get into the details of what Minimum SDK version is best for your App, let Android Studio help you you change the Minimum SDK in the drop down menu, the percentage in the text underneath reflects what percentage ofdevices currently run that version of

Help me choose underneath the drop down list to learn more about each SDK’s set of more information on API versions and their uses, check out the , which are updated every few now, you just want an App that works on an Android Phone, and that is what you’ll see by default, alongside thedefault Minimum SDK. For this project, select SDK of

API 16: Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean).Set the Default ActivityAfter you choose the SDK, you choose a default for your of an activity as a window within your app that displays content with which the user can interact. An activity can takeup the entire screen or it could be a simple options on this particular template range from a blank activity with an

Action Bar right up to an Activity with anembedded .You’ll make a lot of activities as you develop apps, so get to know them and know them the

Blank Activity option and click

speed this part up a little bit you’ll use the pre-populated default values, but what is actually done with these values?Activity Name: This gives your activity a name to refer to in code. A .java class will be created and will use the contentsof this text field to give the class a name, which will ultimately be the name you use to refer to this activity in your Name: You’re going to define your activity in Java, but the layout it shows to the user is defined in a specialsort of . You’ll learn how to read and edit those files

d Studio takes this as a cue to go do a bunch of behind-the-scenes operations and create your project. As it shootsout descriptions of what it’s doing, you may notice it says something like this:You see your project name, which is familiar. But then there is this

Gradle word, and then a mention of

Maven in the benefit of having a modern IDE like Android Studio is that it handles a lot for you. But, as you’re learning how to usethe software, it’s good to have a general sense ofwhat it’s doing for is a relatively new build tool that’s easy to use, and if you investigate further, you’ll find it contains advanced options. Ittakes your Java code, XML layouts and the latest Android build tools to create the app package file, also known asan

APK can customize your configurations to have development or production versions of the app that behave differently, oryou can add dependencies for third-party is another project build tool, and it can also refer to the of java ’s absurdly easy to use Gradle and Maven Central in concert with Android Studio to incorporate all sorts of functionalityfrom the Android development community. If you’re familiar with iOS, then know that these give you cool developersuperpowers much as a brief moment, Android Studio will finish building your project. The project is pretty empty, of course, but it haseverything it needs set up so that it can be launched on an Android device or emulator. You’ll be dropped off in this spot:And that’s all it takes to create a Hello World project on Android Studio! Now to dress it up and work through building andrunning this project on an g on an EmulatorYou’ve got Android Studio and you’ve created an app. So how do you run it?Android Studio comes with the ability to set up a software-based Android device on your computer and run apps on it,browse websites, debug and everything you would expect from a simulator. This capability is known as the .You can set up multiple emulators and set the screen size and platform version for each to whatever you like. Good thing,too. You’d need a whole room dedicated to storing devices for testing because there are so many out there — okay, maybethat’s an exaggeration, but you get the idea. :]If you ran through the setup wizard earlier using the standard installation, then you’ll already have an emulator set up andready for you. Android Studio makes use of some useful software developed by Intel to ensure your emulator runs until recently, your computer would have to emulate everything an Android device would try to do, right down to itshardware, which runs an ARM-based processor. Most computers make use of x86-based processors, meaning yourcomputer would have to do computationally intense tasks that take a significant amount of time just to test your still have the option to create an emulator that is as close to an actual device as you can, but be aware that the initialload times can drag a bit and have put off many an Android developer from using the emulator at all of that being said…let’s set up an emulator anyway, because you do need to know how!Creating an EmulatorClick

AVD Manager. It’s a button near the right side of the toolbar that shows an Android popping its head up next to adevice with a purple display:Once AVD Manager opens, you’ll probably see the default emulator and a few details about it, notably what type ofemulator it is, what API it’s using, and what CPU instruction set it atively, if the default device hasn’t been created for you, you’ll just see an option to create a new device. Either way,work through the process of creating a new AVD so you know how to do it. Click

Create Virtual Device… in the bottom leftto begin configuring a new virtual first decision you need to make is what type of device. The

Category list on the left shows all the types of devices youcan emulate. In the middle, you see a list of specific devices. Take a moment to now, you just want to emulate a phone-sized device, but if you wanted to emulate an Android Wear watch or an AndroidTV then you have options to do so

Nexus S in the list of devices available to you from the phone category and click

you’re at the step where you decide what version of Android the virtual device will run. You’ll already have one ortwo available to you thanks to the setup wizard, so lets use one of

Lollipop and make sure the one selected has the value

x86 in the

API column so the emulator runs as fast aspossible on your x86

Next once you’re done to advance to the final : If you can’t click

Next, then you probably need to download some archives. Go back to your selection andclick

Download. When it’s done, you’ll be able to move last screen lets you confirm your choices and gives options to configure some other properties such as device name,startup orientation and RAM size. For now, use the defaults and click

the AVD Manager to go back to Android Studio’s main view. Now that you’ve configured everything, clickthe

Run button.A new window will appear, asking you to choose the device you wish to test your App on. You currently have no devicesrunning, so select the Nexus S you just the

Launch Emulator radio button is checked and that your AVD is selected in the drop down menu then click

: If you get an error that says

This AVD’s configuration is missing a kernel file!!, check to make sure that you don’thave the ANDROID_SDK_ROOT environment variable set from a previous installation of the Android SDK. See on StackOverflow for more troubleshooting the event that it doesn’t work the first time or takes several minutes for the emulator to fire up correctly, don’t worry,that’s not entirely unexpected. Stick with it. Once it’s ready, you should see something like this:Whoa. You just made your first Android g on a DeviceIf you have an Android device and want to run your app on it, follow the animated GIF on the right. It demonstrates how toenable developer mode on your are the step-by-step instructions to enable

Developer Mode on an Android device:1. Go to

Settings on your device.2. Scroll all the way down and select

About phone.3. Scroll to

Build number and tap in multiple times. You’ll see a toast come up that states “You’re

n steps away frombecoming a developer”. Keep tapping and it will change to “You’re now a developer!” once it’s enabled.4. Go back to

Settings screen and scroll all the way to the bottom. You’ll now see

Developer Options enabled.5. Select

Developer Options. Next, turn on the

USB debugging switch under the

Debugging section.6. Connect your device to your computer via USB.7. You’ll now be prompted to confirm this option via a dialog that states

Allow USB debugging? — click

OK.8. Next, you’ll be asked to register your computer’s RSA key fingerprint. If this is a trusted machine, then checkthe

Always allow from this computer that you’ve configured your device, click the

Run , you’ll get a prompt from the

Device Chooser dialog. The device you enabled the developer mode should now appearin this dialog. Select it and click

…isn’t it rewarding to see the app on your device? Go ahead and show it off to your friends. :]Importing an Existing ProjectDuring your Android app-making journey, you’ll find times where you need to import existing projects. The steps below willguide you through how to import a project:1. Download project so you have a test subject.2. Once downloaded, unzip the contents and place them somewhere easy to get to.3. In Android Studio, go to

File/New/Import Project….4. A window labeled

Select Eclipse or Gradle Project will appear. Select the unzipped project from Step 1 and click

OK.5. After Android Studio finishes importing, you’ll be dropped off on the screen below. Select the

Project tab on the leftpanel as indicated in the screenshot below.6. You’ll now see all the necessary files of the imported project in the project ’s build and run time! Click the

run button in the toolbar and select either the emulator or device you’ve already set to Go From Here?You’ve covered a lot of ground in this beginning Android development tutorial: from downloading and installing AndroidStudio, through creating your first “Hello World!” app, to deploying it on a physical device!Keep reading for the , where you’ll take a tour of Android the meantime, here are some extra tips to help you get up to speed with Android:Follow Android — like any language or framework, Android’s development community is a strong asset and supplier ofendless reference. It’s never too soon or too late to start checking out , following the or watching .If you’re using Eclipse for Android development and want to transition to Android Studio, Android team has puttogether a to help you make the jump from Eclipse to Android Android robot is reproduced or modified from work created and shared by Google and used according to termsdescribed in the Creative Commons 3.0 Attribution License.I hope you enjoyed this beginning Android development tutorial — you’ve successfully installed Android Studio and arenow ready to take on the world of Android development. If you have any questions or comments, please join the discussionin the comments below.

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