高中英语真题:Unit3Underthesea_22

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Unit3Underthesea

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2018·福建闽侯一中高三一检)Want to boost the chance of your story being published in

Reader's Digest and win $25,000? Here are a few of our favorite entries so far in our “Your life: The Reader's Digest Version” contest. After reading these, head over to Facebook and submit your own story about a special moment or lesson that shaped your life.

“There's Always a John” By Darla Boyd

My first year of teaching, there was a kid named John in my class. John was difficult to control and he nearly drove me crazy. While talking about him one day, an old teacher put his hand on my shoulder and said, “There will always be a John. Your job is to learn to discover what makes him different and help

him succeed.” The next year, there was indeed another John.

But that advice taught me that there is something to appreciate in everyone.

“An Early Key Lesson” By Elaine West

Before I began my first teaching job, my mother, a teacher of

30 years, gave me a very special gift, five simple words that have had an effect on my entire life. “Make friends with the janitor(门卫)．” Her wisdom taught me the respect for all types of characters and continues to enrich my life to this day. Just five little

words but what an impact they can have when you take them

to heart.

“Raising Mommy” By Jan Davis

Being a mother can always present challenges and rewards.

Someone told me early that children will teach you everything

you need to know. Being a mother is being raised. Our children become our advisers. Their dreams become our professors, as we are taking notes carefully. The sounds of their laughter and smiles are a great reward to us. Their tears remind us that it is okey to fail, and that we should wipe the tears away and try again.

语篇导读 本文为应用文，是一则征稿启事。编辑在征稿的同时给出了三篇优秀作品供读者参考。

1．What did Elaine West's mother advise her to do?

A．Don't treat students differently.

B．Respect people from different backgrounds.

C．Don't judge people by appearance.

D．Take care of janitors.

解析 B 细节理解题。 根据第三段倒数第二句可知，母亲建议“我”要学会尊重拥有不同背景的人，故选B项。

2．From the last paragraph, we can infer that ________.

A．a mother improves herself greatly in parenting

B．a mother should be given more care

C．children should realize the dreams of their parents

D．being a mother has more challenges than rewards

解析 A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，母亲在教育孩子的同时也不断地提高了自己，故选A项。

3．The text is most probably a(n) ________.

A．poster about a lecture

B．ad for three new books

C．introduction to a contest

D．notice inviting contributions

解析 D 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句以及后面列举出的一些作品可知，这是一则征稿启事，故选D项。

B

Man is a land animal, but he is also closely tied to the sea. Th

roughout history the sea has served the needs of man. The sea has provided man with food and a convenient way to travel to many parts of the world. Today, nearly two–thirds of the world's population lives within 80 kilometers of the sea coast.

In the modern technological world, the sea offers many resources to help mankind survive. Resources on land are beginning to be used up. The sea, however, still can be expected to supply many of man's needs.

The list of riches of the sea yet to be developed by man's technology is impressive. Oil and gas explorations have been carried out for nearly 30 years. Valuable amounts of minerals existing on the ocean floor are ready to be developed.

Fish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food. The culture of fish and shellfish is an ancient skill practiced in the past mainly by eastern people.

Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy. Experts believe that the warm temperature of the ocean can

be used in a way similar to the steam in a steamship. Ocean currents and waves offer possible use as a source of energy.

Technology is enabling man to explore ever more deeply under the sea. The development of strong, new materials has made this possible.

The technology to harvest the sea continues to improve. Experts believe that by the year 2020 the problems that prevent us

from exploiting fully the food, minerals, and energy sources of the sea will be largely solved.

语篇导读 本文为说明文，主要概述海洋与人类生活的密切联系。

4．Which of the following are the types of resources that sea

offers man?

A．Fish, shellfish and oil.

B．Food, gas and oil.

C．Warm temperature and ocean currents.

D．Food, energy sources and minerals.

解析 D 细节理解题。根据第三、四、五段和最后一段可知，海洋为人类提供的资源种类包括食物、矿物资源和能源，故选D项。

5．How can the warm temperature of the ocean be used as a possible source of energy?

A．It can be used as a huge air–conditioner to warm the ship.

B．It can work in a way similar to the steam in a steamboat.

C．The heat of the warm ocean can be transported to factories.

D．The heat of the warm ocean can be stored and delivered.

解析 B 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，专家相信，可以像使用蒸汽船中的蒸汽一样来利用温暖的海洋温度，与B项是同义转换，故选B项。

6．We can conclude from this passage that ________.

A．the sea resources have largely been used up

B．the sea, in the broad sense, has not yet been developed

C．the problems stopping us from developing the sea have been solved

D．modern technology is good enough to exploit all the sea resources

解析 B 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，海洋仍然被期待着能够满足人类的多种需要，故A项错误；阻止我们开发海洋的问题还没有解决，但随着技术的发展，大部分问题将得到解决，故C项错误；现代技术仍不足以开发全部的海洋资源，故D项错误；从广义上说，海洋还有很多地方没有得到开发，特别是深海，故选B项。

7．The best title for this passage is ________.

A．Harvesting the Sea with Technology

B．Supplying Sea Food

C．Technology for Developing the Sea

D．Man and the Sea

解析 A 标题归纳题。纵观全文，可以得知本文主要是讲述随

着技术的发展，人类从海洋中收获的也越来越多，故选A项。

Ⅱ.语法填空

(状元桥改编)Members of the post–1990 generation looking for work apply for multiple positions and hold high expectations of the jobs. They are particular about employment and it was common for them break(break) appointments for job interviews.

The only child is characteristic of the most of the families since 1990. His or her living condition has y(great) improved from that of the post–1980 and post–1970 generations. They don't experience much pressure in life so they pay closer attention to al(person) preferences and interests when g(hunt) for a job.

They do not care about the amount of money they make. d, the working environment, the happiness they get from their work and respect from others are the first three things matter most.

As the saying goes, second ts(think) are the best. The post–1990 generation does not think twice about leaving in their first year of work. If they lose interest in a job or are not clear about their future career path, they quit(quit) easily.

Members of the generation are also more self–

centered. They want more time for lves(they) and are not willing to work overtime. Their attitude to life is more casual.

This generation is very sensitive and has a lot of self–respect, the employers need to be concerned about their temperaments(性情) and ways of communication.

语篇导读 本文为说明文，介绍了中国当下的“90后”找工作时所秉承的原则和态度，以及产生这种价值观的原因。

1．to break 解析 考查非谓语动词。it is/was common for sb to do sth某人做某事是常见的，为固定句式。

2．greatly 解析 考查词性转换。修饰动词improved应用副词，greatly极大地。

3．personal 解析 考查词性转换。修饰名词preferences和interests应用形容词。

4．hunting 解析 考查省略。分析句子结构可知，本句为时间状语从句。在时间和条件状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中含有be时，从句常省略主语和be。此处完整形式为“...when they are hunting for a job”。

5．Instead 解析 考查副词。空前讲“他们不在意能赚多少钱”，空后讲“工作环境、从工作中获得的幸福感和来自别人的尊重最重要”。前后有语义上的转折关系，且更偏重于“反而，

取而代之”，故填Instead。

6．that 解析 考查连词。本句为定语从句，先行词为the first three things，引导词在从句中作主语，只能用that引导。

7．thoughts 解析 考查词性转换和名词的数。句意：常言道，三思而后行。空后谓语动词是are，则主语应为名词复数形式，故填thoughts。

8．will quit 解析 考查时态。句意：如果他们对工作失去兴趣或不清楚未来职业发展道路，他们将轻易放弃。此处填will quit表示将来的情况。

9．themselves 解析 考查代词。此处指他们想留给自己更多的时间，故此处应用反身代词。

10．so 解析 考查连词。空前讲“这一代人非常敏感，自尊心强”，空后讲“雇主们需要考虑这一代人的性情……”，前后两句存在因果关系。

Ⅲ.短文改错

Dear Sir,

Thank you for ① me to the summer English courses in your for my choice ② the two courses, I prefer the four–week course because of③ it will allow me more time to do traveling and make a ④ new friends. Of all the ⑤ I'm learning at

school, I like English best. I ⑥ been learning English for eleve

n years but my ⑦ English is poor. So I really hope to take this chance to improve ⑧. If possible, I'd like to stay with a family

for a couple of days in order that I can know some customs in

, which I'm particularly interested⑨. I believe I ⑩ have a good time this summer.

Yours truly，

Li Hua

① 解析 前有介词for，故用动名词。

② 解析 两者之间用between；三者及以上之间用among。

③ 解析 because of后接名词或动名词；because后接从句。

④ 解析 a few限定修饰可数名词；a little限定修饰不可数名词。

⑤ 解析 句意：在所有的在校所学科目中我最喜欢英语。all后接可数名词的复数。

⑥ 解析 “我”学习英语已有11年了。此处应用现在完成时。

⑦ 解析 spoken English是名词短语，spoken是过去分词作定语。spoken English英语口语，为固定搭配。

⑧ 解析 根据前后语境可知指代的是提高“英语口语”，故用单数it。

⑨ 解析 be interested in对……感兴趣。当关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常常被置于从句的句尾。

⑩ 解析 根据前后语境可知，此处要用一般将来时。

Unit3Underthesea

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2018·福建闽侯一中高三一检)Want to boost the chance of your story being published in Reader's Digest and win $25,000? Here are a few of our favorite entries so far in our “Your life: The Reader's Digest Version” contest. After reading these, head over to Facebook and submit your own story about a special moment or lesson that shaped your life.

“There's Always a John” By Darla Boyd

My first year of teaching, there was a kid named John in my class. John was difficult to control and he nearly drove me crazy. While talking about him one day, an old teacher put his hand on my shoulder and said, “There will always be a John. Your job is to learn to discover what makes him different and help him succeed.” The next year, there was indeed another John.

But that advice taught me that there is something to appreciate in everyone.

“An Early Key Lesson” By Elaine West

Before I began my first teaching job, my mother, a teacher of 30 years, gave me a very special gift, five simple words that have had an effect on my entire life. “Make friends with the janitor(门卫)．” Her wisdom taught me the respect for all types of characters and continues to enrich

my life to this day. Just five little words but what an impact they can have when you take them to heart.

“Raising Mommy” By Jan Davis

Being a mother can always present challenges and rewards. Someone told me early that children will teach you everything you need to know. Being a mother is being raised. Our children become our advisers. Their dreams become our professors, as we are taking notes carefully. The sounds of their laughter and smiles are a great reward to us. Their tears remind us tha

t it is okey to fail, and that we should wipe the tears away and try again.

语篇导读 本文为应用文，是一则征稿启事。编辑在征稿的同时给出了三篇优秀作品供读者参考。

1．What did Elaine West's mother advise her to do?

A．Don't treat students differently.

B．Respect people from different backgrounds.

C．Don't judge people by appearance.

D．Take care of janitors.

解析 B 细节理解题。 根据第三段倒数第二句可知，母亲建议“我”要学会尊重拥有不同背景的人，故选B项。

2．From the last paragraph, we can infer that ________.

A．a mother improves herself greatly in parenting

B．a mother should be given more care

C．children should realize the dreams of their parents

D．being a mother has more challenges than rewards

解析 A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，母亲在教育孩子的同时也不断地提高了自己，故选A项。

3．The text is most probably a(n) ________.

A．poster about a lecture

B．ad for three new books

C．introduction to a contest

D．notice inviting contributions

解析 D 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句以及后面列举出的一些作品可知，这是一则征稿启事，故选D项。

B

Man is a land animal, but he is also closely tied to the sea. Throughout history the sea has served the needs of man. The sea has provided man with food and a convenient way to travel to many parts of the world. Today, nearly two–thirds of the world's population lives within 80 kilometers of the sea coast.

In the modern technological world, the sea offers many resources to help mankind survive. R

esources on land are beginning to be used up. The sea, however, still can be expected to supply many of man's needs.

The list of riches of the sea yet to be developed by man's technology is impressive. Oil and gas explorations have been carried out for nearly 30 years. Valuable amounts of minerals existing on the ocean floor are ready to be developed.

Fish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food. The culture of fish and shellfish is an ancient skill practiced in the past mainly by eastern people.

Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy. Experts believe that the warm temperature of the ocean can be used in a way similar to the steam in a steamship. Ocean currents and waves offer possible use as a source of energy.

Technology is enabling man to explore ever more deeply under the sea. The development of

strong, new materials has made this possible.

The technology to harvest the sea continues to improve. Experts believe that by the year 2020 the problems that prevent us from exploiting fully the food, minerals, and energy sources of the sea will be largely solved.

语篇导读 本文为说明文，主要概述海洋与人类生活的密切联系。

4．Which of the following are the types of resources that sea offers man?

A．Fish, shellfish and oil.

B．Food, gas and oil.

C．Warm temperature and ocean currents.

D．Food, energy sources and minerals.

解析 D 细节理解题。根据第三、四、五段和最后一段可知，海洋为人类提供的资源种类包括食物、矿物资源和能源，故选D项。

5．How can the warm temperature of the ocean be used as a possible source of energy?

A．It can be used as a huge air–conditioner to warm the ship.

B．It can work in a way similar to the steam in a steamboat.

C．The heat of the warm ocean can be transported to factories.

D．The heat of the warm ocean can be stored and delivered.

解析 B 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，专家相信，可以像使用蒸汽船中的蒸汽一样来利用温暖的海洋温度，与B项是同义转换，故选B项。

6．We can conclude from this passage that ________.

A．the sea resources have largely been used up

B．the sea, in the broad sense, has not yet been developed

C．the problems stopping us from developing the sea have been solved

D．modern technology is good enough to exploit all the sea resources

解析 B 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，海洋仍然被期待着能够满足人类的多种需要，故A项错误；阻止我们开发海洋的问题还没有解决，但随着技术的发展，大部分问题将得到解决，故C项错误；现代技术仍不足以开发全部的海洋资源，故D项错误；从广义上说，海洋还有很多地方没有得到开发，特别是深海，故选B项。

7．The best title for this passage is ________.

A．Harvesting the Sea with Technology

B．Supplying Sea Food

C．Technology for Developing the Sea

D．Man and the Sea

解析 A 标题归纳题。纵观全文，可以得知本文主要是讲述随着技术的发展，人类从海洋中收获的也越来越多，故选A项。

Ⅱ.语法填空

(状元桥改编)Members of the post–1990 generation looking for work apply for multiple positions and hold high expectations of the jobs. They are particular about employment and it was common for them break(break)

appointments for job interviews.

The only child is characteristic of the most of the families since 1990. His or her living condition has y(great) improved from that of the post–1980 and post–1970 generations. They don't experience much pressure in life so they pay closer attention to al(person) preferences and interests when g(hunt) for a job.

They do not care about the amount of money they make. d, the working environment, the happiness they get from their work and respect from others are the first three things matter most.

As the saying goes, second ts(think) are the best. The post–1990 generation does not think twice about leaving in their first year of work. If they lose interest in a job or are not clear about their future career path, they quit(quit) easily.

Members of the generation are also more self–centered. They want more time for lves(they) and are not willing to work overtime. T

heir attitude to life is more casual.

This generation is very sensitive and has a lot of self–respect, the employers need to be concerned about their temperaments(性情) and ways of communication.

语篇导读 本文为说明文，介绍了中国当下的“90后”找工作时所秉承的原则和态度，以及产生这种价值观的原因。

1．to break 解析 考查非谓语动词。it is/was common for sb to do sth某人做某事是常见的，为固定句式。

2．greatly 解析 考查词性转换。修饰动词improved应用副词，greatly极大地。

3．personal 解析 考查词性转换。修饰名词preferences和interests应用形容词。

4．hunting 解析 考查省略。分析句子结构可知，本句为时间状语从句。在时间和条件状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中含有be时，从句常省略主语和be。此处完整形式为“...when they are hunting for a job”。

5．Instead 解析 考查副词。空前讲“他们不在意能赚多少钱”，空后讲“工作环境、从工作中获得的幸福感和来自别人的尊重最重要”。前后有语义上的转折关系，且更偏重于“反而，取而代之”，故填Instead。

6．that 解析 考查连词。本句为定语从句，先行词为the first three things，引导词在从句中作主语，只能用that引导。

7．thoughts 解析 考查词性转换和名词的数。句意：常言道，三思而后行。空后谓语动词是are，则主语应为名词复数形式，故填thoughts。

8．will quit 解析 考查时态。句意：如果他们对工作失去兴趣或不清楚未来职业发展道路，他们将轻易放弃。此处填will quit表示将来的情况。

9．themselves 解析 考查代词。此处指他们想留给自己更多的时间，故此处应用反身代词。

10．so 解析 考查连词。空前讲“这一代人非常敏感，自尊心强”，空后讲“雇主们需要考虑这一代人的性情……”，前后两句存在因果关系。

Ⅲ.短文改错

Dear Sir,

Thank you for ① me to the summer English courses in your for my choice ② the two courses, I prefer the four–week course because of③ it will allow me more time to do traveling and make a ④ new friends. Of all the ⑤ I'm learning at school, I like English best. I ⑥ been learning English for eleven years but my ⑦ English is poor. So I really hope to take this chance to improve ⑧. If possi

ble, I'd like to stay with a family for a couple of days in order that I can know some customs in , which I'm particularly interested⑨. I believe I ⑩ have a good time this summer.

Yours truly，

Li Hua

① 解析 前有介词for，故用动名词。

② 解析 两者之间用between；三者及以上之间用among。

③ 解析 because of后接名词或动名词；because后接从句。

④ 解析 a few限定修饰可数名词；a little限定修饰不可数名词。

⑤ 解析 句意：在所有的在校所学科目中我最喜欢英语。all后接可数名词的复数。

⑥ 解析 “我”学习英语已有11年了。此处应用现在完成时。

⑦ 解析 spoken English是名词短语，spoken是过去分词作定语。spoken English英语口语，为固定搭配。

⑧ 解析 根据前后语境可知指代的是提高“英语口语”，故用单数it。

⑨ 解析 be interested in对……感兴趣。当关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常常被置于从句的句尾。

⑩ 解析 根据前后语境可知，此处要用一般将来时。

本文标签： 解析海洋考查