上海市牛津版英语高二下Unit3知识梳理

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Module2 The power of images

Unit 3 Colors

知识要点梳理

Stimulate v 促进、激发

Thus adv 因而、从而

Think of…….as…… 把....看作....

Reading

Reliable

adj

可靠的、可信赖的

Vocabulary

Personality n 性格、个性

Fascinating adj 迷人的

Emotional adj 情绪的、情感的

Energetic adj 精力充沛的、积极的

Adventurous adj 有冒险精神的、大胆开拓Firmness n 坚定

Ambitious adj 有雄心的

Remind…….of 使....想起（类似的人、地方、事物）

Peace and quiet 宁静

Relaxed adj 放松的、冷静的

Familiar adj 熟悉的

Rare adj 稀少的、稀罕的

Injury n 伤害、损害

Associate…….with…… 联想、联系

travel agent 旅行代办人、 旅行代办商

symbolize v 象征

more reading

V

ocabulary

association n 联想、联系

depend on 取决于的

make a difference 有影响

wrap v 包装

circumstances n 【pl】复数 环境、状况

offend v 冒犯、得罪

embarrass

v

使窘迫

funeral

n

葬礼

mourning

n

哀悼

bride

n

新娘、即将或刚刚结婚的女子

virtue

n

高尚的道德、德行

purity

n

纯洁、纯净

stick to 坚持做某事

smart adj 光鲜的、漂亮的

Brazil n 巴西

unpack v 打开、取出

mistake…….for把什么错当成

Key Words 重点单词

1. Personality n 性格、个性

His personality left a deep impression on us. 他的人品给我们留下了深刻的印象。

知识拓展

Personal adj 个人的、亲自的

They made a personal visit to the famous writer.

他们亲自拜访了那位著名的作家。

2 Fascinating adj 迷人的

He found world travel fascinating. 他发现周游世界是一件非常美妙的事。

知识拓展

Fascinate v 迷住、强烈吸引

Be fascinated bywith 被....、、、迷住

The child was fascinated with his new toy. 那孩子对他的新玩具着了迷。

nal adj 情绪的、情感的

Winning gave us emotional satisfaction. 获胜给予我们感情上的满足。

2）易动情的、感情脆弱的

She is an emotional woman. 她是个易动情的妇人。

知识拓展

Emotion n 感情、情感

Love, hatred, and grief are emotions. 爱、恨和悲都是感情。

tic adj 精力充沛的、积极的

He is an energetic tennis player.他是个精力充沛的网球手。

知识拓展

Energy n 精力、能量

They are working with energy.他们真正干劲十足地工作。

指点迷津

Power、strengthforce

1)power 权力、能力、电力、强权

He lost his power of speech. 他失去了说话的能力。

2）strength 力气

He hasn’t got enough strength to remove that

stone. 他没有足够的力气搬走那块石头。

3）force 力量、暴力、武力、影响力

The writer writes with force. 这位作家的文章很有说服力。

5. Adventurous adj 有冒险精神的、大胆开拓的

Tom was very adventurous, always willing to try

new things. 汤姆富有冒险精神、总是愿意尝试新事物，

知识拓展

Adventure n 冒险、冒险经历

He is a man full of adventure. 他是一个充满冒险精神的人。

ss n 坚定

I have never doubted the firmness of his belief in

his own abilities. 我从来不怀疑他对自身能力的坚定信念。

知识拓展

Firm adj 坚定的

He is a firm believer in traditional family values.

他坚信传统家庭观。

ons adj 有雄心的

Being quite ambitious, the chef worked day and

night to make his restaurant a success.

那位厨师雄心勃勃，为了使他的餐馆一举成功，他夜以继日地工作着。

常用搭配

Be ambitious forof sth to do 对某事有雄心的。

He is ambitions for successto succeed. 他很渴望成功。

知识拓展

Ambition n 雄心、抱负

Her son was filled with ambition to become a

great inventor. 她儿子一心想成为伟大的发明家。

8. relaxed adj 放松的、冷静的

Lying in the bed and listening to music, Tom felt

very relaxed and happy.

常用搭配

Be relaxed about sth 对某人放心的

My parents are fairly relaxed about me staying

out late.

我在外面待到很晚父母非常放心。

知识拓展

Relax v 放松、缓和

She relaxed her mind by listening to music. 她听听音乐使大脑得到休息。

Relaxation n 放松、休息、消遣

There must be no relaxation in our high standards.

我们坚持高标准、决不容许有任何放松。

Relaxing adj 令人轻松的

You can listen to the relaxing music in the bath.

你可以在洗澡的时候听轻松的音乐。

ar adj 熟悉的

常用搭配

Sth be familiar to sb 某事对于某人来说很熟悉

This pop song is familiar to many people. 许多人对这首流行歌曲很熟悉。

Sb be familiar with sth. 某人熟悉、通晓某事

I am very familiar with the life in Qingdao, for I

spent my childhood there.

我非常熟悉青岛的生活，因为我在那儿度过了童年。

adj 稀少的、稀罕的

These flowers are very rare in this country. 这些花在该国很少见。

知识拓展

Rarely adv 很少、难得

I rarely have time to read a newspaper. 我很少有时间看报纸。

n 伤害、损伤、损害

The driver was rushed to a nearby hospital with

serious leg injuries.

司机由于腿部严重受伤被迅速送到附近一家医院。

知识拓展

Injure v 损害、伤害

He fell and injured his back. 他摔倒了，背部受伤了。

受伤的 Injured adj

His shoulder was injured. 他肩部受伤了。

指点迷津

Injuryharmdamage 这一组词有“伤害、损害”的意思。

1)injury 主要指人的身心受损

Overwork did him much injury. 超负荷劳动给他造成了很大的损害。

2)harm相对于injury 而言语气较弱，可用于身体、名誉、权利、事业等损害。

Bad books do great harm to the young people

in various ways.

坏书给年轻人造成多方面的损害。

3)damage 常用于物质上的损害(损坏)

An earthquake often causes great damage. 地震常常造成很大的损害。

12. stimulate v 促进、激发

The government will do everything in its power to

stimulate economic growth.

政府将竭尽全力去刺激经济发展

知识拓展

Stimulation n 刺激、鼓舞

Lazy people need stimulation to make them work.

懒人需要激励才能使他们工作。

adv 因而、从而

She always finishes her homework on time every

day, thus setting aside some time for piano

practice.

他总是每天按时完成作业，这样能留出时间练钢琴。

友情提示 thus 可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示与前句的因果关系。也可以后面加doing表示因果关系。

He didn’t work hard. Thus he was fired. 他工作不努力、因此被解雇。

le adj 可靠的、可信赖的

I found this to be a reliable brand of washing

machines.

我觉得这是一种牌子可靠的洗衣机。

知识拓展

Rely v

Rely on 依靠、指望

常用搭配

Rely on sbsth(for sthdoingto do) 依靠、指望某人、某物做

I rely on you for good advice. 我仰仗你的好建议。

ize v 象征、代表

The dove symbolizes peace. 鸽子象征和平。

知识拓展

Symbol n 象征、标志、记号

常用搭配

Symbol of sth 是...象征

The white bird is a symbol of freedom. 这白色的鸟是自由的象征。

Symbolic adj 象征的、象征性的、作为象征的

常用搭配

Be symbolic of sth 象征.....的

The cross is symbolic of Christianity. 十字架是基督教的象征。

II Key Expressions 重点词组

1. remind …………of 使....想起（类似的人、地方、事物等

Those old photos remind me of my happy

childhood.

那些老照片使我想起了快乐的童年时光。

and quiet 安宁、宁静

The writer moved to the country to find some

peace and quiet.

那位作家搬到了乡村以求安宁。

3. Associate…….with…… 联想、联系

The Chinese often associated with happiness.

中国人经常把红色和喜庆联系起来。

of…..as……. 把……看作…………

近义词组 regard……as..

consider……..as…… view…….as……

treat……as….. look on……as…..

Nearly everyone thinks of Mr Smith as someone

to be trusted. 几乎所有人都认为史密斯先生是个值得信赖的人。

Key Sentences 重难点句子

1. Those who prefer blue are calm and in

control, and prefer a peaceful life.

(1)prefer 之后既可加不定式，又可接动名词，常用于以下三种结构：

Prefer+不定式/动名词

Prefer+动名词+to+动名词

Prefer+不定式+rather than +不定式（无to）

Eg. Don’t tell me his secret. I prefer not to know.

(2)in control 在控制之中= under control, being

controlled or governed

E.g. You should learn to keep your temper in

control.

知识拓展

(1) out of control no longer under control 失去控制

E.g. The plane got out of control and crashed into

the sea.

飞机失控，坠入大海

(2) have control of sth. Control sth 控制

E.g. They have good control of him.

他们能够很好控制他

(3) . Lose control of sth. Not in control at all 失去控制

E.g. You shouldn’t have lost control of your

temper on such an occasion.

你不应该在这种场合发脾气。

2. Green means firmness, a dislike of change

and a fear of failure.

本句中的dislike是名词

E.g. She took an immediate dislike to him 她一见面就不喜欢他

知识拓展

做动词时，dislike 后可接名词，代词或动名词，不能接不定式。

E.g. I dislike selfish people. 我不喜欢自私的人。

3. Each color affects us in a different way.

v.影响

E.g. The change in climate may affect your health.

气候的变化可能影响你的健康。

指点迷津： affect , effect

(1) affect 一般做动词用，意为“影响，感动”

E.g. The entire country was affected by drought.

整个国家都受到旱灾的影响；

(2) effect 常用作名词，有“影响，效果，作用”之意。

E.g. The decorations made quite an effect.

友情提示

Effect的常见词组搭配有 come into effect(实行，实施），take effect（生效，奏效）等。

2、 way n.方面

E.g. The two brothers are alike in many ways. 这两兄弟在许多方面都相似。

常用搭配

All the way 一直；从头到尾 in no way 决不

in a way 在某种程度上；从某一点看；

4. People’s pulse rates decrease and they feel

more relaxed when

指点迷津

Decrease, reduce

(1). Decrease 可做名词，及物/不及物动词，意指“在数量、大小、体积等方面逐渐变小”

E.g. Decrease the dose of medicine as you feel

better.

(2)reduce 可做及物动词，意指“使......减少，降低，减低”

E.g. She set herself the task of reducing the

amount of waste to a minimum.

5. It is not only natural that red should make

people tense.

(1). It is not 意为 “.....是很正常的”

知识拓展

这个句型要注意从句用 should do, 这是虚拟语气的一种用法。

某些形容词在 的句型里需要虚拟，例如：important, essential, strange, impossible,

surprising, regrettable, advisable, desirable,

incredible等， should 通常可以省略。

E.g. It is important that I (should) speak with

immediately.我要立刻和约翰先生讲话，这很重要。

(2)tense adj.紧张的；引起紧张的；

E.g. The situation suddenly became tense. 局部突然变得紧张起来。

6. Not only does it stimulate the appetite, but it

also makes people feel energetic, so that after

they have eaten they will leave more quickly,

thus making space for more customers.

(1) not only 放在句首时需要用部分倒装， 但在 but (also) 后面还是要用陈述句语序。 需注意的是， also属于引起注意的副词，通常放在需引起注意的副词之前。

E.g. Not only did the parents enjoy the holiday

but also their children had a good time.

不仅父母喜欢这次度假，而且他们的孩子也玩得很开心。

(2) so that 引导的是一个目的状语从句，从句中一般含有情态动词 can/could may/might

will/would should等。

E.g. She decided to do a part-time job in the

summer vacation so that she could earn some

money to afford her daily expenses in the next

term.

她决定在暑假做兼职，这样就能赚些钱来支付下学期的生活费。

(3) make 意为 “为...腾出空间”

Make space for= make room for

E.g. The young lady moved aside in order to

make space for the fat man.

为了腾出空间给那位肥胖的男子坐，年轻女士往旁边移了一下。

7. These persuade people to think of the bank

as a safe and reliable place.

Persuade sb to do sth “说服某人做某事”

E.g. It’s a waste of time persuading him to give up

smoking, for he always turns a deaf ear to others’

advice.

说服他戒烟是浪费时间，因为他总是对别人的建议置之罔闻。

8. Yellow makes us think of sunshine and

holidays,...

此句为make+宾语+不带to的不定式结构。

知识拓展

(1) “ make/let+宾语”之后的不定式不可有to.

但make用作被动语态时，后面的不定式里的to不可省略。

E.g. Money makes the mare go. 有钱能使鬼推磨

(2) 助动词 will, would, can, could, shall, should,

may, might, must, do, does, did之后所接的不定式不可有to

E.g. We should be kind to others. 我们应该善待他人。

(3) 在had better, would rather等之后的结构不用to.

E.g. I would rather not drink anything. 我宁愿什么都不喝。

9. Colour is a powerful tool.

指点迷津： tool, instrument

(1) tool通常指手工劳动中使用的工具（以节省时间和劳力为目的），也可指任何为职业或工作所需的工具或手段。

E.g. Hammers, saws, axes, etc. Are all tools.

(2) instrument 指使用于科研或艺术活动中的器具；

E.g. Surgical instruments 外科器具 musical

instruments 乐器

More reading

Words 重点单词

v.

To cover something completely with paper or

other materials 包装

常用搭配

Wrap sth (up) around sth. 把...缠绕， 包在...外面

Wrap sth (up) in sth. 把...包在...里面

E.g. She wrapped a scarf around her neck. 她把一条围巾围在脖子上。

stance n.

Pl. The conditions and facts that are connected

with a situation, an event or an action （复数）环境；状况

常用搭配

Circumstance 在...情况下

E.g. In normal circumstance I would have

resigned immediately. 在正常情况下，我本会马上辞职输完。

v.

To make (someone) upset because of something

one says or does that is rude or embarrassing.冒犯；得罪

E.g. I will not feel offended if you do not agree

with me. 即使你不同意，我也不会介意的。

知识拓展

Offense/offence n. Upset and hurt feelings of

annoyance, often because someone has rude or

shown a lack of respect 冒犯，得罪

E.g. She meant no offense by the remark. 她说那句话并无恶意。

ass v.

To make (someone) feel shy, awkward or

ashamed, especially in a social situation 使窘迫

E.g. Not being able to answer the question

correctly, the girl felt very embarrassed.

由于不能正确回答这个问题，女孩感觉很尴尬。

常用搭配

Be embarrasses by/ 被...弄的窘迫

E.g. Arthur seemed to be embarrassed by the

question.

亚瑟似乎被这个问题弄得有些窘迫。

知识拓展

Embarrassment n. Something that makes

you embarrassed 窘迫，难堪

E.g. My face turned red with embarrassed 我窘得脸都红了；

rity n.

The state of being successful, especially

financially 繁荣

E.g. We wish you health, happiness, and

prosperity. 我们祝愿你健康，幸福，事业兴旺。

知识拓展

Prosperous adj successful, usually by

earning a lot of money 繁荣的

E.g. Shanghai is a prosperous city. 上海是一个繁荣的城市。

6. funeral n.

a ceremony,usually a religious one,for burying a

dead person 葬礼

e.g. When is his funeral? 他的葬礼何时举行？

The funeral was held at the foot of the

mountain. 葬礼在山脚下举行。

ng n.

Sadness that is shown or felt because someone

has died 哀悼

e.g. Everyone was in mourning for the people

who died in the Wenchuan Earthquake.

每个人都在为汶川地震中的遇难者哀悼。

【知识拓展】

mourn v. to feel or express great

sadness,especially because of someone’s death哀悼

e.g. The tribesmen are mourning the death of their

chief.

那部落里的人正在哀悼他们首领的去世。

n.

a women on her wedding day ,or just before or

after it新娘；即将（或刚刚）结婚的女子

e.g. The bride looked her best in her white

wedding dress. 那位新娘穿上白色的婚纱看上去最美了。

n.

[formal]behaviour or attitudes that show high

moral standards 高尚的道德；德行

e.g. Kindness, honesty and courage are his virtues.善良、诚实和勇敢是他的美德。

He is man of great virtue. 他是一个品德高尚的人。

【知识拓展】

virtuous 有道德的；善良的

n.

a state or quality of being morally good 纯洁；纯

净

e.g. We admired its purity of form.我们崇拜它纯正的形式。

Though his actions had a bad effect, no one

doubted the purity of his motives.

尽管他的行为造成了负面影响，却没有人怀疑他的动机是好的。

【知识拓展】

pure adj. not mixed with anything else 纯洁的，纯净的

e.g. pure water/good/cotton 纯净水/纯金/纯棉

The air by the sea is pure and healthy. 海边的空气清新又有益健康。

purify v. to remove bad substances from

something to make it pure 净化

e.g. Plants help to purify the air. 植物能净化空气。

11. smart adj.

well dressed in fashionable and/or formal clothes

光鲜的；漂亮的

e.g. The young lady looked very smart in that red

jacket.

那位年轻女士穿着红色夹克衫，看上去非常漂亮。

【知识拓展】

smart adj. 聪明的

e.g. What a smart boy！ 多么聪明的男孩呀！

12. unpack v.

to make things out of a suitcase，bag，etc. 打开（箱、包等）取

e.g. She unpacked her suitcase as soon as she

arrived home.

她一到家就打开行李箱，取出里面的东西。

Ⅱ. Key Expressions重点词组

on to be affected or decided by

（something）取决于

【常用搭配】

depend on sb.／sth.（for sth. /doing／to

do…）依靠／取决于某人／某物（做某事）

e.g. The country depends heavily on foreign

aid.这个国家非常依赖于外国资助。

【知识拓展】

be dependent on adj. 依靠，取决于

e.g. It's very easy to become dependent on

sleeping pills.

很容易就会对安眠药产生依赖。

2. make a difference to have an effect （on

someone or something）有影响

e.g. It won't make a difference whether you go

today or tomorrow.

无论你今天去或是明天去没有多大区别。

3. stick to to continue doing or using （something）坚持做（某事）

【常用搭配】

stick to sth.／doing sth. 坚持某事／做某事

e.g. Whatever difficulties he faced，he stuck to

his beliefs.

不管遇到什么困难，他还是坚守信念。

4. mistake … for to think wrongly that

（someone or something）is（someone or

something else） 把…错当成

e.g. The two sisters looked so alike that I

often mistook one for the other.

那姐妹俩长得太像了，以至于我经常把她俩混淆。

Ⅱ. Key Sentences 重难点句子

1. Since it is the colour of winter，the time

when plants shed their leaves and die，it is

considered to be a colour of death and

mourning in some countries.

（1）since 意为“既然；由于”，引导一个原因状语从句。

e.g. Since you can't answer the question，we

have to ask someone else.

既然你无法回答这个问题。我们只能再问别人。

（2）be considered （to be）被认为是……

e.g. He is considered a good leader. 他被认为是个优秀的领导人。

【知识拓展】

含有 consider 的其他常用搭配；

consider doing 考虑做某事

consider that… 认为……

e.g. He is considering going abroad for further

study.

他正考虑出国留学。

语法归纳总结

主语从句（Subjective Clause）

在句中做主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句是名词性从句的一种，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。从句通常由that，whether或其他疑问

代词引导。

（一）that引导的主语从句

从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有：

（1）It＋be＋形容词（obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.）＋that从句。

e.g. It is certain that the boy will do well

in his exam.

（2）It＋be＋名词词组（no wonder，an

honor，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，etc.）＋that从句。

e.g. It's a pity that they can't go.

（3）It＋be＋过去分词（said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.）＋that从句。

e.g. It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in

Nanjing.

2.在口语和非正式文体中，that常可省略，尤其是在非常短的句子中，that总是不必要的，但that从句位于句首时，连词that是绝对不能省略的。

e.g. It’s a pity (that) you’re leaving.你要走，真遗憾。

（二）疑问词引导的主语从句

主语从句也可以由疑问词引导，如：who、why、where、how和what。这类主语从句的语序通常是陈述句语序而不是疑问句语序。

e.g. It is no secret why banks like to use more

serious ，restful colours such as blue，brown and

green.

为什么银行喜欢用诸如蓝色、褐色和绿色等更严肃和宁静的颜色就不是什么秘密了。

（三）whether 引导的主语从句

主语从句也可以由whether引导，描述两种不同的可能性。这两种可能性常由or连接。

e.g. It can make a big difference whether

you wear red or white to a wedding.

你穿红色还是白色去参加婚礼是有很

大区别的。

主语从句中只能用whether，不能用it。

e.g. Whether he will come is still not

decided. 他是否回来仍然没有决定。

【友情提示】

（1）主语从句都是陈述句语序。

（2）what和that的区别。what=the thing(s)

that，它本身在从句中充当某个成分，主语，宾语或表语，其含义为“所做/说/想的”。而that在从句中不充当成分。

e.g. What he said is important to me. 他说的话对我很重要。

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