考研英语二阅读真题及答案

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2024年3月18日发(作者：)

考研英语二阅读真题及答案

英语二

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each

text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)

Text 1

Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run

5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen

friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free,

staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to

grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13

minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.

Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy” is failing. Ten

years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad

would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the

Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches。 The

population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not

happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million

in the run—up to 2012—but the general population was growing faster. Worse,

the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims

primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly

halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections

continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.” The success of

Parkrun offers answers。

Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The

ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being

clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders,

by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite

athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was

intimidating for newcomers.

Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the

planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots”, concept as community sports

associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved

in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and

the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all

these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling

green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on

sport in education。 Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments

need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not

make them worse.

ing to Paragraph1, Parkrun has______.

[A] gained great popularity

[B] created many jobs

[C] strengthened community ties

[D] become an official festival

【答案】A

【解析】答案为A。通过题干可以定位在第一段，可以通过，每天超过五万人跑步、

引发了400场运动在英国和在国外等信息得知，公园跑很受欢迎。

author believes that London’s Olympic “legacy” has failed to______.

[A] boost population growth

[B] promote sport participation

[C] improve the city’s image

[D] increase sport hours in schools

【答案】B

【解析】答案为B。通过题干伦敦和奥林匹克遗产可以定位到第二段，题目问的是伦

敦奥运会的遗产没有做成什么事，题干中的failed to可以对应第二段即使看到了

failing，但并没有答案。再往下看，伦敦奥运会承诺，人口将会更健康、更多冠军，但这

并没有发生，not happed才真正对应failed to.

n is different from Olympic games in that it______.

[A] aims at discovering talents

[B] focuses on mass competition

[C] does not emphasize elitism

[D] does not attract first-timers

【答案】C

【解析】答案为C。这道题定位在第三段的中间，奥林匹克的倡导者相反，想要更多

的参与运动创造更多的精英。

regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should______.

[A] organize “grassroots” sports events

[B] supervise local sports associations

[C] increase funds for sports clubs

[D] invest in public sports facilities

【答案】D

【解析】答案为D。提到大众体育，作者认为政府应该投资公共的体育设施。政府在

第四段的中间，讲到政府应该训练的空间、用钱去铺设网球场。这里是答案的同意转换。

author’s attitude to what UK governments have done for sports

is______.

[A] tolerant

[B] critical

[C] uncertain

[D] sympathetic

【答案】B

【解析】答案为B。最后一段but转折后说，继任的政府卖绿地、减少本地政府的预

算同时减少在体育方面的关注度，所以持批判态度。

Text 2

With so much focus on children's use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget

about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says

Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to

promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot

of bleed-over into the family routine.”

Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by

giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who

sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent

fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation,

she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be

looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their

attention.

Infants are wired to look at parents' faces to try to understand their world,

and if those faces are blank and unresponsive — as they often are when

absorbed in a device — it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children.

Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental

psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her

child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them

any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries

to capture her mother's attention. “Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents

at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive

and sensitive to a child's verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”

says Radesky.

On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids'

use of screens are born out of an "oppressive ideology that demands that parents

should always be interacting" with their children: “It's based on a somewhat

fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you're failing

to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes

that just because a child isn't learning from the screen doesn't mean there's no

value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or

simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using

their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make

them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the

time.

26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.

[A]simplify routine matters

[B]absorb user attention

[C]better interpersonal relations

[D]increase work efficiency

【答案】B

【解析】答案为B。细节题。根据题原文第一段“……digital products are there to

promote maximal engagement.”可知，B选项中absorb和promote对应，user

attention和engagement 对应。

27. Radesky's food-testing exercise shows that mothers' use of devices ______.

[A]takes away babies' appetite

[B]distracts children's attention

[C]slows down babies' verbal development

[D]reduces mother-child communication

【答案】D

【解析】答案为D。细节题。根据原文第二段“She found that mothers who

sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent

fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.” 可知，D选项中reduce

communication和started fewer verbal and fewer nonverbal interactions对应。

28. Radesky's cites the "still face experiment" to show that _______.

[A]it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions

[B]verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange

[C]children are insensitive to changes in their parents' mood

[D]parents need to respond to children's emotional needs

【答案】D

【解析】答案为D。例证题。根据原文第三段“……there needs to be a balance

and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child's verbal or nonverbal

expressions of an emotional need” 可知，D选项中need to respond to children' s

emotional needs和本句同意替换。因此D选项是正确选项。

29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.

[A]protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies

[B]teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year

[C]ensure constant interaction with their children

[D]remain concerned about kid's use of screens

【答案】C

【解析】答案为C。细节题。根据原文第四段“……oppressive ideology that

demands that parents should always be interacting with their children.”可知，C

选项中constant interaction 与always be interacting 同义替换，因此C选项是正确选

项。

30. According to Tronick, kid's use of screens may_______.

[A]give their parents some free time

[B]make their parents more creative

[C]help them with their homework

[D]help them become more attentive

【答案】A

【解析】答案为A。细节题。根据原文第四段“……particularly if it gives parents

time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child.”可

知，A选项give their parents some free time和gives parents time 同义替换。

Text 3

Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in

conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often

causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After

all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back

a year, doesn't it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn't feel natural to

spend a year doing something that isn't academic.

But while this may be true, it's not a good enough reason to condemn gap

years. There's always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the

socially perpetuated "race to the finish line," whether that be toward graduate

school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a

gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits-in fact, it probably

enhances it.

Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a

gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than

those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them

ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and

environmental changes-all things that first-year students often struggle with the

most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to

college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to

focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.

If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore

interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices.

According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of

college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising,

considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a

poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications,

but switching to another after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad

thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after

switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have

to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another

department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent

stress and save money later on.

31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is

that_____.

[A]they think it academically misleading

[B]they have a lot of fun to expect in college

[C]it feels strange to do differently from others

[D]it seems worthless to take off-campus courses

【答案】C

【解析】答案为C。细节题。根据原文第一段第二句话“After all, if everyone you

know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn’t

it?”可知，本句用反问的形式表达了原因之一在于他们不想和其他人不同。所以C正

确。

32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps_____.

[A]keep students from being unrealistic

[B]lower risks in choosing careers

[C]ease freshmen's financial burdens

[D]relieve freshmen of pressures

【答案】D

【解析】答案为D。细节题。根据原文第三段的第二句话“Rather than pulling

students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for

independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes—all things that

first-year students often struggle with the most.”可知，此句中pushes them

ahead by preparing 与D选项 relieve freshmen of 进行同义改写。often

struggle with the most对应的是本句中的Pressure，first-years students 对应

freshmen。D选项全方位替换。

33. The word "acclimation" (Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to_____.

[A]adaptation

[B]application

[C]motivation

[D]competition

【答案】A

【解析】答案为A。词义题。根据原文第三段最后一句话“Gap year experiences

can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into

a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities

rather than acclimation blunders.”可知，当谈到适应大学生活并且很快融入到一个全

新的环境这个问题时，拥有空档年方面的经验可以减少相关的打击，这就使得专注去学习

并且参与活动而不是______更容易。各选项代入，A最符合语义，和前面的adjusting to

形成复现。

34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them_____.

[A]avoid academic failures

[B]establish long-term goals

[C]switch to another college

[D]decide on the right major

【答案】D

【解析】答案为D。细节题。根据原文第四段第一句和第三句话“If you’re not

convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then

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