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2024年3月25日发(作者：)
2021-2022
学年福建省三明市高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题
1. World Book Day is an annual event organized by the UNESCO to promote reading, publishing
and copyright. As this year’s day for knowledge is coming, let’s take a look at the world’s
fascinating libraries and enjoy the fun of reading.
Library of Alexandria
The Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Egypt, is one of the largest and most significant libraries of
the ancient world. The library, destroyed in 415 AD and rebuilt in 2002, is not only a library, but
also a museum and scientific research institution. It's also called the Egyptian cultural center and a
lighthouse of thought, culture and science.
Mazarin Library
Mazarin Library is located within the Institute of France, on the left bank of Seine in Paris. Created
in the 17th century, it has one of the richest collections of rare books and documents in modem
France, and is the oldest public library in the country.
National Library of Indonesia
The Indonesian National Library, located in Jakarta, Indonesian, has the most complete collection of
publications in the country, recording the information of Indonesia in various times. Documents
written on leaves, bark, bamboo and Indonesian native paper are some of the rare items kept in the
collection.
Stuttgart City Library
Stuttgart City Library is a cube outside with a hollow design inside. The hollow part is connected
with misplaced stairs to create a unique sense of space. Since its completion in 2011, it has become a
local cultural and architectural card.
1. What’s special about Library of Alexandria?
A
．
It was built in 2002.
C
．
It offers multiple functions.
B
．
It holds the largest books.
D
．
It has an Egyptian lighthouse.
2. What do Mazarin Library and National Library of Indonesia have in common?
A
．
Oldest publications.
C
．
Richest leaves.
B
．
Rare documents.
D
．
Valuable books.
3. Which library most attracts those who are interested in architecture?
A
．
Library of Alexandria.
C
．
National Library of Indonesia.
2. I am not a typical graduate student. As an engineer, I have designed electronic control systems for
more than 30 years, and I had expected to do so until I retired.
B
．
Mazarin Library.
D
．
Stuttgart City Library.
My wife is a scientist at the Australian National University (ANU). One year, I accompanied her to a
scientific conference. Jochen Zeil, a professor at the ANU who studies animal behavior, captured my
interest.
At lunchtime, Zeil and I had a long and very enjoyable discussion about his idea on the
fundamentals of insect vision. When we parted, I joked that if he wanted another PhD student, he
could count me in. About a month later he emailed me, “Haven’t heard from you Have you enrolled
yet?” And that’s how, at the age of 53, I became a part-time doctoral student in biology at the ANU.
My background in biology was decades ago, so I needed to learn the basics fast. Diving into
textbooks, I went through an intense “undergraduate course” in my spare time. After a while, I
managed to follow the papers I read. But the more I learnt, the more I realized how little I knew.
Every paper aroused my interest to read more. It was tiring, and at times frustrating, but fun. I read,
and read, and thought, and suddenly things fell into place. Still, being a part-time graduate student
wasn’t easy. I forgot the meaning of “spare time” for a while. Now, at the age of 61, my PhD is
nearly at an end in itself.
New knowledge enriches you, regardless of how old you are. If you have the opportunity to dive
into a new field, just take it.
1. What motivated the author to study biology at the ANU?
A
．
His passion for engineering.
C
．
His wife’s suggestion.
B
．
His curiosity about Zeil’s idea.
D
．
His job’s requirement.
2. How did Zeil react to the author’s joke about being a PhD student?
A
．
He laughed at him.
C
．
He felt satisfied.
B
．
He ignored his words.
D
．
He took it seriously.
3. Which of the following best describes the author’s life at the ANU?
A
．
Exhausting but enjoyable.
C
．
Tiring but promising.
B
．
Frustrating and worthless.
D
．
Happy and relaxing.
4. Which proverb can be the best summary of the text?
A
．
Never too old to learn.
C
．
Practice makes perfect.
3. Robots have always imitated (
模仿
) life. Social androids powered by artificial intelligence have
now reached a level where they may be ready to wok in shops, airports, and care hones. But an
entirely new class of robots is being developed that can grow, evolve, and even reproduce.
Growth is a new frontier in robotics. Stanford University’s root robot is a plastic tubular (
管状的
)
robot that grows by unfolding from the inside as air is pumped into it. The soft body can move over
rough or sticky surfaces, grow to 100 times its original length, and squeeze through gaps one-quarter
B
．
Every minute counts.
D
．
Experience must be bought.
of its size. Root robots can twist and turn in any direction to move through tight spaces. Its designers
say the robot could be used to detect people and deliver equipment inside collapsed buildings.
Reproduction and evolution were actually used in an earlier experiment in 2015. European scientists
built a computerized “mother” robotic am that assembled smaller robots. Each generation that the
system built became progressively better at moving. Baby robots were glued together by the mother
robot in different ways, so they could move further than the generation before.
It was a major milestone in robot learning and was used as inspiration for robotic evolution projects
at the UK York Robotics Laboratory, Robot bodies there are 3D printed and then fitted, using a
computerized arm, with sensors and other components. Designs are tested in a mock-up (
实物模型
)
of a nuclear reactor, where robots must clear radioactive waste. Each robot is scored on its success at
the task, and the computer then chooses which robots are allowed to reproduce. What form that
robot life takes depends entirely on its success.
Researchers say their system could operate entirely by itself. But future evolutionary robot systems
would likely need a kill switch to stop the system from running out of control and harming humans
or the environment.
1. What is the feature of the root robot?
A
．
Flexible. B
．
Rough. C
．
Sticky. D
．
Tight.
2. Which robots are entitled to reproduction?
A
．
The ones clearing waste.
C
．
The ones fitted with sensors.
B
．
The ones printed by a computer.
D
．
The ones performing well at the task.
3. Why is a kill switch needed for future evolutionary robot systems?
A
．
For test. B
．
For environment. C
．
For safety. D
．
For replacement.
4. What is probably the best title for the text?
A
．
Future Androids Change Human’s Life
B
．
Robots Reproduce to Meet Human’s Demand
C
．
New Androids are Widely Used in Different Areas
D
．
Robots Imitate Life to Create Better Versions of Themselves
4. Climate change and habitat loss from big agriculture are combining to decrease global insect
populations, with each problem making the other worse, a new study finds.
While insects may bother people at times, they also are key in pollinating (
授花粉
) plants to feed
people, making soil more fertile. Scientists have noticed a dramatic drop both in total insect numbers
and diversity of insect species due to harmful chemicals and high pollution.
Big single-crop agriculture that leaves less habitat and leafy food for insects plus higher
temperatures from climate change are huge problems for insect number drop, but a new study in the
journal Nature based on more than 750,000 samples of 18,000 different species of insects says it’s
not just those two threats acting on their own. The interaction between habitat loss and climate
change does smash insect populations.
“In his case, the habitat loss and climate change can often be worse than if they were acting on their
own, as one can make the impact of the other worse and vice versa (
反之亦然
). We’re missing part
of the picture if we are only looking at these things individually,” said Outhwaite, an ecologist at
University College London. For example, single-crop agriculture often reduces tree shading, making
it hotter in a given spot. On top of that comes climate change. Then insects that need heat relief or
need to move north for cooler climates can run into problems with lack of proper habitat because of
large farms.
What makes this study important is that it’s the first to link climate change and industrialized
agriculture together in explaining harm to insects. The study used so many different samples and
species around the world, which gives its findings more credibility.
1. What contributes to the drop in insect numbers?
A
．
Leafy plants and fertile soil.
C
．
Habitat loss and climate change.
B
．
Less pollinated plants.
D
．
Diverse chemicals.
2. What does the underlined word “smash” mean in the text?
A
．
Soar. B
．
Decrease. C
．
Damage. D
．
Increase.
3. Why does the author mention “single-crop agriculture” in paragraph 4?
A
．
To offer a comparison.
C
．
To draw a conclusion.
B
．
To explain a theory.
D
．
To make a prediction.
4. What does the author want to stress about his study in the last paragraph?
A
．
Its complex data.
C
．
Its special value.
5.
Fueling tourism recovery with micro tours
The concept of “micro-tourism” or “micro-vacation”, which comes from the tourism industry, may
not be new and seems to have become a trend in recent years.
1 It is characterized by short-distance travel, usually on weekends or during short holidays. In
contrast to a proper vacation, which usually involves detailed planning, much longer travel time,
higher expenses, and extends over a week or more, micro-vacation needs little planning and time,
and is less expensive. 2 It’s usually a family seeking quality time and comfort together, and the
choice of location more flexible.
Micro-tourism began catching on seven or eight years ago. It has become increasingly popular since
the COVID-19 outbreak. 3 Therefore, more and more people, especially those living in large and
medium-sized cities, go on short vacations for relaxation.
B
．
Its strict process.
D
．
Its new application.
Local tours, short-distance leisure tours have been fueling the tourism industry’s recovery. Adapting
to these new trends, destinations around cities, parks and campsites are offering new, specialized
facilities and services. Homestays, parental hotels and handicraft workshops are also becoming
popular. 4 The internet is strikingly full of innovative short videos on camping. And camping
equipment is selling well, and it’s hard to get camping sites in country parks.
5 Those include advice on how to improve industry standards, safety management, environmental
protection, emergency rescue services and anti-pandemic measures. If these issues are properly
addressed, micro-tourism will drive the recovery of the tourism.
A
．
What’s the feature of micro-tourism?
B
．
Micro-tourism holds huge potential for development.
C
．
Also, a micro-tourism travel group is relatively small.
D
．
Short videos have been promoting new tourism projects.
E
．
The chances of infection are higher during long-distance travel.
F
．
To activate micro tourism, more government guidelines are needed.
G
．
In the new trends, the boost of the camping market is literally noticeable.
6. Years ago, Nixon, known as Mr. Sunrise, began each day from a bench with a spectacular view
such as sunrise of the Florida waterfront.
One day a woman ________ to say hello, adding, “Everyday I come, you are here. Your ________
presence makes me know that everything will be OK.” At that time he decided to pay attention to
the people walking past. He started ________ at people and striking up ________ with a simple
“hello”. A few passers-by began joining him on the ________, talking about relationships career,
and personal problems. “I let them know we ________ to each other,” Nixon ________.
Every morning, he will ________ at the waterfront for two hours. He was nicknamed Mr. Sunshine
for his regular ________ and kind openness to listen. Whatever problem a person wants to air,
Nixon lends an ear to listen ________. He listens to everyone without ________ or criticism. In
other words, he just listens whenever needed.
Some people simply ________ to make small talk. Others simply want to sit next to someone and
________ the silence. “Once a guy stopped, and we stared at the water for an hour then he said
thank you and left. He just wanted a/an ________ moment with someone around.”
Mr. Sunshine said, “Whoever stopped ________ my undivided attention. I wanted him to walk away
knowing he wasn’t alone.”
1.
A
．
refused
2.
A
．
random
B
．
sudden C
．
constant D
．
temporary
B
．
stopped C
．
wanted D
．
needed
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