遥控电子密码锁外文翻译

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2024年5月18日发(作者：)

Introduction of SCM

SCM is a semiconductor wafer integration: the central processing unit (CPU),

memory (RAM and ROM), parallel I/O, serial I/O, timer/counters, interrupt system,

the system clock circuit and the system bus microcomputer. With miniature computer

properties, thus called the single chip computer, abbreviation microcontroller.

Mainly used in measurement and control field. When using single chip, are

usually of the measure and control system in the core status and Embedded them so

often called on international chip Embedded controller (EMCU MicroController,

Embedded security ), or micro controller (MCU, MicroController ).

Our country used to use "one-chip computer" this name.

MCU is computer technology an important milestone in the history of computer,

marks formal formation of the general computer systems and embedded computer

system two branches. SCM small volume, low cost, embedded in industrial control

unit, robot, intelligent instrumentation, automotive electronic system, the weapon

system, home appliances, office automation equipment, financial electronic system,

toys, personal information terminals and communication products.

According to its use can be divided into general type and special two kinds big.

(1) universal single-chip microcomputer is the internal development resources

(such as the memory and I/O, etc. Various kinds of peripheral function parts) can all

to give users. Users according to the needs, design a single-chip microcomputer chip

on general as the core, match again with peripheral interface circuit and other

peripheral equipment, and write the corresponding software to meet the various

different need of measurement and control system. Usually said and book introduces

is universal microcontroller.

(2) special MCU is specific to certain products and make the specific use of the

microcontroller. Because the design of "special", has the most simplified structure of

this system, reliability and cost optimization, etc all did comprehensive consideration,

so "special" SCM has obviously comprehensive advantage.

Whatever "special" purposes microcomputer in how "designed", the basic

structure and working principle is based on general single-chip microcomputer.

MCU development history is how to divide?

SCM according to the processing binary digits mainly divided into: four

microcontroller, 8-bit microcontroller, 16 SCM and 32-bit SCM. Development can be

divided into four stages.

The first stage (1974 ~ 1976) : SCM primary stage. Because of craft,

microcontroller with double piece limited form of and the function is simple. In

December 1974, XianTong company has released eight F8 microcontroller, in fact

only included eight CPU, RAM and 64 B two parallel port.

The second stage (1976 ~ 1978) : low performance microcontroller stage. In

1976 the MCS-48 intel-based microcontroller (eight) greatly promote the reform and

development of single chip, 1977 launch of the GI PIC1650, but this stage is still at

low performance stage.

The third stage (1978 ~ 1983) : high performance microprocessor stage. In 1978,

the Zilog Z8 microcontroller, launched in 1980, the Intel company in MCS - 48 series

launched MCS - based on 51 series, 6801 microcontroller. Mortorola launch To make

SCM performance and the application of the leap in the new stage.

Since then, each company 8-bit microcontroller rapid development. The launch

of the single chip with universal serial I/O mouth, multilevel interrupt system, and A

timer/counter, within the capacity of ROM, RAM, and addressing range increased to

64 KB, some within the piece with A/D converter. Because this kind of MCU high

performance-to-price, so are widely used, is currently the largest number of MCU

application.

The fourth stage (1983 ~ now) : 8-bit microcontroller consolidates and 16-bit

single chip, 32-bit SCM launch phase. 16 typical product of the Intel company series

microcontroller - 96 MCS. And 32-bit SCM, except for its higher level of integration,

the data processing the 16-bit single chip improve faster than many than 8 bits, and

performance 16-bit single chip more superior.

1990s large development period, microcontroller manufacturing Mortorola, Intel,

ATMEL, Texas instruments (TI), mitsubishi, Hitachi, philips and LG company

developed a large number of the superior performance of microcontroller, push the

MCU application. In recent years, and there are many new type of high level of

integration of the single chip products, the products emerging in the rich and colorful

situation. Currently, except 8-bit microcontroller widely used outside, the 16-bit

single chip, 32-bit SCM also get broad customers.

1．MCU characteristics :

MCU is integrated circuit technology and microcomputer technology, high-speed

development of the product. Small size, low prices and easy application, stable and

reliable, and therefore, to industrial automation areas such as a major revolution and

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