轨道交通专业词汇

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2024年5月18日发(作者：)

轨道交通专业词汇

铁路；铁道 railway railroad

铁路线 railway line; railroad line

铁路网 railway network; railroad network

铁道科学 railway science

铁路技术 railway technology

铁路等级 railway classification

国有铁路 national railway; state railway

地方铁路 local railway; regional railway

私有铁路 private railway

合资铁路 joint investment railway; jointly

owned railway

标准轨铁路 standard-gage railway

窄轨铁路 narrow-gage railway

米轨铁路 meter-gage railway

宽轨铁路 broad-gage railway

单线铁路 single track railway

双线铁路 double track railway

多线铁路 multiple track railway

重载铁路 heavy haul railway

高速铁路 high speed railway

电气化铁路；电力铁路 electrified railway;

electric railway

干线铁路 main line railway; trunk railway

市郊铁路 suburban railway

地下铁道；地铁 subway; metro; underground

railway

工业企业铁路 industry railway

矿山铁路 mine railway

轻轨铁路 light railway; light rail

高架铁路 elevated railway

单轨铁路；独轨铁路 monorail; monorail

railway

磁浮铁路 magnetic levitation railway;

maglev

森林铁路 forest railway

山区铁路 mountain railway

既有铁路 existing railway

新建铁路 newly-built railway

改建铁路 reconstructed railway

运营铁路 railway in operation; operation;

operating railway

专用铁路 special purpose railway

干线 trunk line; main line

支线 branch line

铁路专用线 railway special line

货运专线 railway line for freight traffic;

freight special line; freight traffic only line

客运专线 railway line for passenger traffic;

passenger special line; passenger traffic only

line

客货运混合铁路 railway line for mixed

passenger and freight traffic

铁路运营长度；运营里程 operation length of

railway; operating distance; revenue length

列车运行图 train diagram

铁路建筑长度 construction length of railway

区间 section

区段 district

轨距 rail gage; rail gauge

轮重 wheel load

轴重 axle load

最大轴重 maximum allowable axle load

限制轴重 axle load limited

限界 clearance; gauge

限界图 clearance diagram

铁路建筑限界 railway construction clearance;

structure clearance for railway; railway

struction gauge

基本建筑限界 fundamental construction

clearance; fundamental structure gauge

桥梁建筑限界 bridge construction clearance;

bridge structure gauge

隧道建筑界限 tunnel construction clearance;

tunnel structure gauge

铁路机车车辆限界 rolling stock clearance

for railway; vehicle gauge

机车车辆上部限界 clearance limit for upper

part of rolling stock

机车车辆下部限界 clearance limit for lower

part of rolling stock

装载限界 loading clearance limit; loading

gauge

阔大货物限界 clearance limit for freight with

exceptional dimension; clearance limit for

oversize commodities

接触网限界 clearance limit for overhead

contract wire; clearance limit for overhead

catenary system; overhead catenary system

gauge

列车与线路相互作用 track-train interaction

轮轨关系 wheel-rail relation; wheel-rail

interaction

粘着系数 adhesion coefficient

车轮滑行 wheel sliding; wheel skid

车轮空转 wheel slipping

牵引种类 kinds of traction; category of

traction

牵引方式 mode of traction

牵引定数 tonnage rating; tonnage of traction

装载系数 loading coefficient

速度 speed

持续速度 continuous speed

限制速度 limited speed; speed restriction

均衡速度 balancing speed

构造速度 construction speed; design speed

最高速度 maximum speed

临界速度 critical speed

重载列车 heavy haul train

高速列车 high speed train

超长超重列车 exceptionally long and heavy

train

列车正面冲突 train collision

列车尾追 train tail collision

列车尾部防护 train rear end protection

伸缩运动 fore and aft motion

蛇行运动 hunting; nosing

列车压缩 train running in

列车拉伸 train running out

列车分离 train separation

列车颠覆 train overturning

列车动力学 train dynamics

列车空气动力学 train acrodynamics

机车车辆振动 vibration of rolling stock

纵向振动 longitudinal vibration

横向振动 lateral vibration

垂向振动 vertical vibration

摆滚振动 rock-roll vibration

浮沉振动 bouncing; vibration

测滚振动 rolling ; vibration

测摆振动 swaying; vibration

点头振动 pitching; nodding

摇头振动 yawing; hunting

机车车辆共振 resonance of rolling stock

机车车辆冲击 impact of rolling

纵向冲击 longitudinal impact

横向冲击 lateral impact

垂向冲击 vertical impact

货运站综合作业自动化 automation of

synthetic operations at freight station

行车指挥自动化 automation of traffic control

编组场综合作业自动化 automation of

synthetic operations in marshalling yard

铁路运营信息系统 railway operation

information system

铁路数据交换系统 railway data exchange

system

运营系统模拟 simulation of operation system

铁路法 railway law

铁道法规 railway act

铁路条例 railway code

铁路技术管理规程 regulations of railway

technical operation

综合运输 comprehensive transport;

multi-mode transport; intermode transport

国际铁路联运 international railway through

traffic

大陆桥；洲际铁路 transcontinental railway;

intercontinental railway; land-railway

国际联运协定 agreement of international

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through traffic

国际联运议定书 protocol of international

through traffic

国际铁路联运公约 convention of

international railway through traffic

铁路新线建设 newly-built railway

construction

铁路技术改造 technical reform of railway;

technical renovation of railway; betterment

and improvement of railway

铁路主要技术条件 main technical standard

of railway; main techincal requirement of

railway

单位工程 unit project

分部工程 part project

分项工程 item project

预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study

项目建议书 proposed task of project

可行性研究 feasibility study

设计阶段 design phase; design stage

三阶段设计three-step design; three-phase

design

两阶段设计 two-step design; two-phase

design

一阶段设计 one-step design; one-phase

design

初步设计 preliminary design

技术设计 technical design

扩大初步设计 enlarged preliminary design;

expanded preliminary design

施工图设计 construction detail design;

working-drawing design

变更设计 altered design

设计概算 apporximate estimate of design;

budgetary estimate of design

个别概算 individual approximate estimate

综合概算 comprehensive approximate

estimate

总概算 sum of approximate estimate; total

estimate; summary estimate

修正总概算 amended sum of approximate

estimate; revised general estimate

调整总概算 adjusted sum of approximate

estimate

投资检算 checking of investment

预算定额 rating of budget; rating form for

budget

概算定额 rating of approximate estimate;

rating form for estimate

投资估算 investment estimate

估算指标 index of estimate

机械台班定额 rating per machine per team;

rating per machine-team

工程直接费 direct expense of project; direct

cost of project

工程间接费 indirect expense of project;

indirect cost of project

工程预备费 reserve fund of project

设计鉴定 certification of design; appraisal of

design

竣工决算 final accounts of completed project

铁路用地 right-of-way

铁路勘测 railway reconnaissance

调查测绘 survey and drawing of investigation;

investigation survey; investigation surveying

and sketching

地形调查 topographic survey

地貌调查 topographic feature survey;

geomorphologic survey

地质调查 geologic survey

经济调查 economic investigation; economic

survey

水文地质调查 hydrogeologic survey

土石成分调查 survey of soil and rock

composition

土石物理力学性质 physical and mechanical

properties of soil and rock

土石分类 classificaion of soil and rock

地基承载力 bearing capacity of foundation;

bearing capacity of ground; bearing of

subgrade

隧道围岩分级 classification of tunnel

surrounding rock

地质图测绘 survey and drawing of geological

map; surveying and sketching of geological

map

勘探 exploration; prospecting

挖探 excavation prospecting

钻探 boring; exploration drilling

物探 geophysical prospecting

室内测试 indoor test; laboratory test

原位测试 in situ test

静力触探 static sounding; static probing;

cone penetration test

动力触探试验 dynamic penetration test

标准贯入试验 standard penetration test

区域地质 regional geology

工程地质 engineering geology

不良地质 unfavorable geology

特殊地质 special geology

工程地质条件 engineering geologic;

requirement; engineering geologic condition

气象资料 meteorological data

冻结深度 freezing depth

地震基本烈度 basic intensity of earthquake;

seismic basic intensity

工程地质图 engineering geological map

地层柱状图 column diagram of stratum;

graphic logs of strata; drill log of stratum

洪水调查 flood survey

河道调查 river course survey

冰凌调查 ice floe survey; frazil ice survey

汇水区流域特征调查 survey of catchment

basin characteristics

水文断面 hydrologic sectional drawing;

dydrologic section; hydrologic cross-section

主河槽 main river channel

设计流速 design current velocity

设计高程；设计标高 design elevation

河流比降 slope of river; comparable horizon

of river

历史洪水位 historic flood level

最高水位 highest water level; HWL

通航水位 navigation water level; NWL

桥涵水文 hydrology of bridge and culvert

水利半径 hydraulic radius

桥前壅水高度 backwater height in front of

bridge; top water level in front of bridge

桥渡勘测设计 survey and design of bridge

crossing

水面坡度 slope of water surface

水文测量 hydrological survey

泥石流流域 catchment basin of debris flow

分水岭 watershed; dividing ridge

汇水面积 catchment area; water collecting

area; drainage area

洪水频率 flood frequency

设计流量 design discharge

设计水位 design water level

施工水位 construction level; construction

water level; working water level

设计洪水过程线 designed flood hydrograph

容许冲刷 allowable scour

一般冲刷 general scour

局部冲刷 local scour; partial scour

铁路测量 railway survey

线路踏勘；草测 route reconnaissance

初测 preliminary survey

定测 location survey; alignment; final

location survey

导线测量 traversing; traverse survey

光电导线 photoelectric traverse

地形测量 topographical survey

横断面测量 cross leveling; cross-section

survey; cross-section leveling

线路测量 route survey; profile survey;

longitudinal survey

既有线测量；旧线测量 survey of existing

railway

线路复测 repetition survey of existing

railway; resurvey of existing railway

测量精度 survey precision; precision of

survey

均方差；中误差 mean square error

最大误差；极限误差 maximum error;

limiting error

中线测量 center line survey

中线桩 center line stake

加桩 additional stake; plus stake

外移桩 shift out stake; stake outward; offset

stake

水准点高程测量 benchmark leveling

中桩高程测量；中平 center stake leveling

曲线控制点 curve control point

放线 setting-out of route; lay out of route

交点 intersection point

副交点 auxiliary intersection point

转向角 deflection angle

分转向角 auxiliary deflection angle

坐标方位角 plane-coordinate azimuth

象限角 quadrantal angle

经纬距 plane rectangular coordinate

断链 broken chain

投影断链 projection of broken chain

断高 broken height

铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测 railway aerial

photogrammetry

铁路航空勘测 railway aerial surveying

航带设计 flight strip design; design of flight

strip

铁路工程地质遥感 remote sensing of railway

engineering geology

测段 segment of survey

航测选线 aerial surveying alignment

航测外控点 field control point of

aerophotogrammetry

全球定位系统 global positioning system;

GPS

像片索引图 index of photography

三角测量 trigonometric survey; triangulation

精密导线测量 precise traverse survey;

accurate traverse survey

三角高程测量 trigonometric leveling

隧道洞外控制测量 ouside tunnel control

survey

隧道洞内控制测量 in tunnel control survey;

through survey

隧道洞口投点 horizontal point of tunnel

portal; geodetic control point of portal location

of adit

桥轴线测量 survey of bridge axis

铁路选线 railway location; approximate

railway location; location of railway route

selection

平原地区选线 location in plain region; plain

location

越岭选线 location of mountain line; location

of line in mountain region; location over

mountain

山区河谷选线 mountain and valley region

location; location of line of in mountain and

valley region

丘陵地段选线 hilly land location; location of

line on hilly land

工程地质选线 engineering geoligic location

of line

线间距 distance between centers of tracks;

midway between tracks

车站分布 distribution of stations

方案比选 scheme comparison; route

alternative

投资回收期 repayment period of capital cost

纸上定线 paper location of line

缓坡地段 section of easy grade; section of

gentle slope

紧坡地段 section of sufficient grade

非紧坡地段 section of unsufficient grade;

section fo insufficient grade

导向线 leading line; alignment guiding line

拔起高度；克服高度 height of lifting; lifting

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height; ascent of elevation

横断面选线 cross-section method of railway

location; location with cross-section method;

cross-section method for location of line

展线 extension of line; development of line;

line development

展线系数 coefficient of extension line;

coefficient of development line

套线 overlapping line

线路平面图 track plan; line plan

线路纵断面图 track profile; line profile

站坪长度 length of station site

站坪坡度 grade of station site

控制区间 control section; controlling section

最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve

圆曲线 circular curve

单曲线 simple curve

缓和曲线 transition curve; easement curve;

spiral transition curve

缓和曲线半截变更率 rate of easement

curvature; rate of transition curve

复曲线 compound curve

同向曲线 curves of same sense; adjacent

curves in one direction

反向曲线 reverse curve; curve of opposite

sense

夹直线 intermediate straight line; tangent

between curves

坡度 grade; gradient; slope

人字坡 double spur grade

限制坡度 ruling grade; limiting grade

加力牵引坡度 pusher grade; assisting grade

最大坡度 maximum grade

临界坡度 critical grade

长大坡度 long steep grade; long heavy grade

动力坡度 momentum grade

均衡坡度 balanced grade

有害地段 harmful district

无害地段 harmless district

变坡点 point of gradient change; breake in

grade

坡段 grade section

坡段长度 length of grade section

坡度差 algebraic difference between adjacent

gradients

竖曲线 vertical curve

分坡平段 level stretch between opposite sign

gradient

缓和坡度 slight grade; flat grade; easy grade

起动缓坡 flat gradient for starting

加速缓坡 easy gradient for acceleration;

accelerating grade

坡度折减 compensation of gradient; gradient

compensation; grade compensation

曲线折减 compensation of curve; curve

compesation

隧道坡度折减 compensation of gradient in

tunnel; compensation grade in tunnel

绕行地段 detouring section; round section

换侧；换边 change side of double line

容许应力设计法 allowable stress design

method

破损阶段设计法 plastic stage design method

极限状态设计法 limit state design method

概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法

probabilisatic limit state design method

地震系数法 seismic coefficient method

路基 subgrade; road bed; formation subgrade

岩石路基 rock subgrade

渗水土路基 permeable soil subgrade;

pervious embankment

非渗水土路基 non-permeable soil subgrade;

impervious embankment

特殊土路基 subgrade of special soil

软土地区路基 subgrade in soft soil zone;

subgrade in soft; clay region

泥沼地区路基 subgrade in bog zone;

subgrade in morass region; subgrade in

swampland

膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基 subgrade in

swelling soil zone; subgrade in expansive soil

region

盐渍土地区路基 subgrade in salty soil zone;

subgrade in saline soil region

多年冻土路基 subgrade in permafrost soil

zone

特殊条件下的路基 subgrade under special

condition

河滩路堤 embankment on plain river beach

滨河路堤 embankment on river bank

水库路基 subgrade in reservoir; embankment

crossing reservoir

崩塌地段路基 subgrade in rock fall district;

subgrade in collapse zone

岩堆地段路基 subgrade in rock deposit zone;

subgrade in talus zone; subgrade in scree zone

滑坡地段路基 subgrade in slide

岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基 subgrade in

karst zone

洞穴地段路基 subgrade in cavity zone;

subgrade in cavern zone

风沙地段路基 subgrade in windy and sandy

zone; subgrade in desert

雪害地段路基 subgrade in snow damage

zone; subgrade in snow disaster zone

泥石流地段路基 subgrade in debris flow

zone

路基横断面 subgrade cross-section

路基面 subgrade surface; formation

路基面宽度 width of the subgrade surface;

formation width

路拱 road crown; subgrade crown

路肩 Road shoulder; subgrade shoulder

路肩高程 formation level; shoulder level

路堤 embankment; fill

路堑 cut; road; cutting

半堤半堑 part-cut and part-fill section; cut

and fill section

基床 subgrade bed; formation

基床表层 surface layer of subgrade bed;

formation top layer; surface layer of subgrade

基床表层 bottom layer of subgrade;

formation base layer; bottom layer of subgrade

bed

一般路基 general subgrade; ordinary

subgrade

最小填筑高度 minimum fill height of

subgrade; minimum height of fill

临界高度 critical height

基底 foundation base; base

路堤边坡 side slope of embankment; fill

slope talus

坡脚 toe of side slope

护道 berm

取土坑 borrow pit

路堤填料 embankment fill material;

embankment filler; filling material of

embankment

填料分类 classification of filling material

岩块填料 rock block filler; rock filler; rock

fill

粗粒土填料 coarse-grained soil filler;

coarse-grained soil fill

细粒土填料 fine-grained soil filler;

fine-grained soil fill

压实标准 compacting criteria

相对密度 relative density

压实系数 compacting factor; compacting

coefficient

最佳含水量 optimum moisture content; best

moisture content

最佳密度 optimum density; best density

核子密度湿度测定 determination of nuclear

density-moisture

路基承载板测定 determination of bearing

slab of subgrade

预留沉落量 reserve settlement; settlement

allowance

反压护道 berm with superloading; berm for

back pressure; counter swelling berm

石灰砂桩 lime sand pile

换土 change soil; soil replacement

爆破排淤 blasting discharging sedimentation;

silt arresting by explosion;

discharge of

sedimentation by blasting

抛石挤淤 throwing stones to packing

sedimentation; packing sedimentation by

throwing stones; packing up sedimentation by

dumping stones

路堑石方爆破 rock cutting blasting; rock

blasting in cut

定向爆破 directional blasting

浅孔爆破 shallow hole blasting

深孔爆破 deep hole blasting

洞室药包爆破 chamber explosive package

blasting; chamher blasting

扬弃爆破 abandoned blasting; abandonment

blasting

抛掷爆破 pin-point blasting

松动爆破 blasting for loosening rock

药壶爆破 pot hole blasting

裸露腰包爆破 adobe blasting; contact

blasting

路堑边坡 cutting slope; side slope of cut

堑顶 top of cutting slope; top of cutting

路堑平台 platform of cutting; berm in cutting

弃土堆 waste bank; bankette; spoil bank

挡土墙 retaining wall

重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall

衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall;

gravity retaining wall with relieving platform;

balanced type retaining wall

锚定板挡土墙 anchored retaining wall by tie

rods; anchored bulkhead retaining wall;

anchored plate retaining wall

加筋土挡土墙 reinforced earth retaining wall;

reinforced soil retaining wall

锚杆挡墙 anchored bolt retaining wall;

anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods

管柱挡墙 cylindrical shaft retaining wall

沉井挡墙 caisson retaining wall

抗滑桩 anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile

护墙 guard wall

护坡 slope protection; revertment; pitching

排水沟 weep drain; drainage ditch; drain

ditch

边沟；侧沟 side ditch

天沟 gutter; overhead ditch; intercepting ditch

吊沟 suspended ditch

跌水 hydraulic drop

截水沟 intercepting ditch; catch-drain

急流槽 chute

排水槽 drainage channel

渗水暗沟 blind drain

渗水隧洞 leak tunnel; permeable tunnel;

drainage tunnel

渗井 leaching well; seepage well

渗管 leaky pipe

平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage

反滤层 reverse filtration layer; inverted filter;

protective filter

检查井 inspection well; manhole

砂井；排水砂井 sand drain

隔断层 insulating course; insulating layer

透水路堤 pervious embankment; permeable

embankment

渗水路堤 immerseable embankment

排水砂垫层 sand filled drainage layer;

drainage sand blanker

坡面防护 slope protection

护岸 revetment; shore protection

导流堤 diversion dike

拦石墙 stone cut off wall; stone falling wall;

buttree

落石槽 stone falling channel; trough for

catching falling rocks

柴排 firewood raft; mattress; willow fascine

固沙造林 stabilization for sands by

afforestation

挡风墙 wind-break wall

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防风栅栏 wind break fence

砂土液化 sand liquefaction

中-活载 CR-live loading; China railway

standard loading

桥梁标准活载 standard live load for bridge

桥梁荷载谱 bridge load spectrum

换算均布活载 equivalent uniform live load

设计荷载 design load

主力 principal load

恒载 dead load

土压力 earth load

静水压力 hydrostatic pressure

浮力 buoyancy

列车活载 live load of train

列车离心力 centrifugal force of train

列车冲击力；冲击荷载 impact force of train

冲击系数 ceofficient of impact

人行道荷载 sidewalk loading

附加力 subsidiary load; secondary load

列车制动力 braking force of train

列车牵引力 tractive force of train

风荷载 wind load

列车横向摇摆力 lateral swaying force of

train

流水压力 pressure of water flow

冰压力 ice pressure

冻胀力 frost heaving force

特殊荷载 particular load

船只或排筏的撞击力 collision force of ship

or raft

地震力 seismic force

地震烈度 earthquake intensity

地震震级 earthquake magnitude

施工荷载 constructional loading

荷载组合 loading conbination

铁路桥 railway bridge

公铁两用桥 combined bridge; combined

highway and railway bridge; combined

rail-cum-road bridge

跨线桥；立交桥 overpass bridge; grade

separation bridge; flyover

高架桥 viaduct

旱桥 dry bridge

人行桥 foot bridge; pedestrian bridge

圬工桥 masonry bridge

钢桥 steel bridge

铆接钢桥 riveted steel bridge

栓焊钢桥 bolted and welded steel bridge

全焊钢桥 all welded steel bridge

摩擦结合式高强度螺栓 high strength

friction grip bolt

扭剪式高强度螺栓 torshear type high

strength blot

螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator

混凝土桥 concrete bridge

钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge

预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge

先张法预应力梁 pretensioned prestressed

concrete girder

后张法预应力梁 post-tensioned prestressed

concrete girder

部分预应力混凝土桥 partially prestressed

concrete bridge

结合梁桥 composite beam bridge

低高度梁 shallow girder

无碴无枕梁 girder without ballast and sleeper

型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁 girder

with rolled steel section encased in concrete;

skeleton reinforced concrete girder

简支梁桥 simply supported beam bridge

连续梁桥 continuous beam bridge

悬臂梁桥 cantilever beam bridge

板桥 slab bridge

空心板桥 hollow slab bridge

板梁 plate girder

工形梁 I-beam

箱形梁 box girder

槽形梁 trough girder

桁架 truss

拆装式桁架 demountable truss

刚架桥；刚构桥 rigid frame bridge

斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥 strutted beam

bridge; slant-legged rigid frame bridge

悬板桥；悬带桥 stressed ribbon bridge

悬索桥；吊桥 suspension bridge

斜拉桥 cable-stayed bridge

浮桥 pontoon bridge; floating bridge; bateau

bridge

拱桥 arch bridge

固端拱；无铰拱 fixed-end arch

双铰拱 two-hinged arch

三铰拱 three-hinged arch

实腹拱 spandrel-filled arch; solid-spandrel

arch

空腹拱 open-spandrel arch

双曲拱 two-way curved arch; cross-curved

arch

系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱 tied arch

榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥 Langer

bridge; flexible arch bridge with rigid tie

洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥 Lohse

bridge; rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and

vertical sespenders

尼尔森桥 Nielsen systen bridge

尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥

Nielsen type Lhse bridge；rigid arch bridge

with fighd tie and inclined suspenders

活动桥 movable bridge

竖旋桥 bascule bridge

平旋桥 swing bridge

升降桥 lift bridge

正交桥 right bridge

斜交桥 skew bridge

曲线桥 curved bridge

曲梁 curved beam

特大桥 super maior bridge

大桥 major bridge

中桥 medium bridge

小桥 minor bridge

单线桥 single track bridge

双线桥 double track bridge

多线桥 multi-track bridge

正桥; 主桥 main bridge

引桥 approach spans

上承式桥 deck bridge

半穿式桥；中承式 half through bridge;

midheight deck bridge

下承式桥 through bridge

双层桥 double-deck bridge

永久性桥 permanent bridge

临时性桥；便桥 temporary bridge

跨径；跨度 span

净跨 clear spam

桥梁全长 overall length of bridge

桥下净空 underneath clearance

主梁中心距 center to center distance between

main girder

节间长度 panel length

梁高 depth of girder

拱度 camber

挠度 deflection

节间 panel

锚跨；锚孔 anchor span

悬跨；吊孔 suspended span

桥梁上部结构 superstructure

腹板 web plate

翼缘 flange

翼缘板 flange plate

弦杆 chord member

腹杆 web member

斜杆 diagonal member

竖杆 vertical member

吊杆 suspender hanger

加劲杆 stiffener

节点 panel point

节点板 gusset plate

拼接板 splice plate

缀条 lacing bar

缀板 stay plate; tie plate

侧向水平联结系 lateral bracing

横联 sway bracing

制动撑架 braking bracing

桥门架 portal frame

纵梁 stringer

横梁 floor beam; transverse beam

桥面系 floor system

端横梁 end floor beam

起重横梁 jacking floor beam

梁端缓冲梁 auxiliary girder for controlling

angle change

应变时效 strain ageing

碳当量 carbon equivalent

钢丝 steel wire

钢丝束 bundled steel wires

钢绞线 steel strand

钢筋 reinforcement; steel bar

箍筋 stirrup

纵向钢筋 longitudinal reinforcement

弯起钢筋 bent-up bar

架立钢筋 erection bar

构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement

预应力筋 tendon

套管 sheath

梁腋 haunch

拱圈 arch ring

拱肋 arch rib

拱顶 rach crown

拱矢 rise of arch

起拱点 springing

拱腹 soffit

拱腹线 intrados

拱背钱 extrados

桥塔 bridge tower; pylon

索平面 cable plane

缆索 cable

斜缆 stay cable; inclined cable

吊缆 suspension cable

索鞍 cable saddle

索夹 cable band; cable clamp

锚座 socket

锚碇 anchorage

明桥面 open deck; ballastless deck; open

floor

桥梁道碴槽 ballast trough

道碴桥面 ballasted deck; ballasted floor

桥梁护轨 guard rall of bridge

桥梁护木 guard timber of bridge

桥枕 bridge tie; bridge sleeper

桥上人行道 sidewalk on bridge

步行板 foot plank

避车台 refuge platform

伸缩缝 expansion joint

正交异性板 orthotropic plate

栏杆 railing; handrail; handrailing

泻水孔 drainage opening

直结轨道 track fastened directly to steel

girders

抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件 shear connector

支座 bearing

固定支座 fixed bearing

活动支座 expension bearing; movable

bearing

平板支座 plate bearing

摇轴芝座 rocker bearing

滚轴支座 roller bearing

球面支座 spherical bearing

板式橡胶支座 laminated rubber bearing

盆式橡胶支座 pot rubber bearing

聚四氯乙烯支座 poly-tetrafluoroedthylene

bearing; PTFE bearing

涡流激振 wortex-excited oscillation

弛振 galloping

颤振 flutter

扰流板 spoiler

风嘴 wind fairing

桥梁自振周期 natural vibration period of

bridge

浮运架桥法 bridge erection by floating

架桥机架设法 erection by bridge girder

erecting equipment

4 / 37

顶推式架设法 erection by incremental

launching

拖拉架设法 launching method

赝架式架设法 erection with scaffolding

悬臂架设法 catilever erection; erection by

protrusion

悬臂灌注法 cast-in-place cantilever

construction；free cantilever segmental

concreting with suspended formwork

悬臂拼装法 cantilevered assembling

constrution; free cantilever erection with

segments of precast concrete

预制混凝土构件 precast concrete units;

precast concrete members

活动模架逐跨施工法 segmental

span-by-span construction using form traveller

桥梁合龙 closure

就地贯注法 cast-in-place method; cast-in-situ

method

活动吊篮 travelling cradle

顶进法 jack-in method

旋转法施工；转体施工 erection by swing

method

液压式张拉千斤顶 hydraulic tensioning jack

桥梁下部结构 substructure

桥台 abutment

重力式桥台 gravity abutment

埋置式桥台 buried abutment

锚定板式桥台 anchor slab abutment

U形桥台 U-shaped abutment

耳墙式桥台 abutment with cantilevered

retaining wall

台身 abutment body

前墙 front wall

台帽 abutment coping

翼墙 wing wall

锥体护坡 quadrant revetment; truncated cone

banking

台后填方 filling behind abutment

桥墩 pier

空心桥墩 hollow pier

实体桥墩 solid pier

重力式桥墩 gravity pier

柔性桥墩 flexible pier

拼装式桥墩 assembly pier; pier constructed

with precast units

制动墩 braking pier

柱式桥墩 column pier

V形桥墩 V-shaped pier

圆端形桥墩 round-ended pier

圆形桥墩 circular pier

矩形桥墩 rectangular pier

排架式桥墩 pile bent pier

墩身 pier body; pier shaft

墩帽 pier coping

围栏 railing around coping of pier or

abutment

承台 bearing platform

破冰体 ice apron; ice-breaking cutwater; ice

guard

地基 foundation; foundation soil; subgrade

加固地基 improved foundation; improved

ground

天然地基 natural foundation; natural ground

桥梁基础 bridge foundation

扩大基础 spread foundation

明挖基础 open-cut foundation; open

excavation foundation

沉井基础 open caisson foundation

浮式沉井基础 floating caisson foundation

沉井刃脚 cutting edge of open caisson

围堰 cofferdam

双壁钢围堰钻孔基础 double wall steel

cofferdam bored foundation

预制钢壳钻孔基础 prefabricated steel shell

bored foundation

泥浆套沉井法 slurry jacket method for

sinking caisson

空气幕沉井法 air curtain method for sinking

caisson

沉箱基础 pneumatic caisson foundation

管柱基础 tubular column foundation

桩基础 pile foundation

预制桩 precast pile

就地灌注桩 cast-in-place concrete pile;

cast-in-situ concrete pile

螺旋喷射桩 auger injected pile

摩擦桩 friction pile

支承桩 bearing pile

钻孔桩 bored pile

挖孔桩 dug pile

钢桩 steel pile

钢管桩 steel pipe pile

钢板桩 steel sheet pile

板桩 sheet pile

木桩 timber pile

钢筋混凝土桩 reinforced concrete pile

砂桩 sand pile

挤密砂桩 sand compaction pile

流砂 quick sand; drift sand

送桩 pile follower

试桩 test pile

斜桩 batter pile; raking pile; spur pile

护筒 pile casting

重锤夯实法 heavy tamping method

灰土换填夯实法 method of lime-soil

replacement and tamping

灌注水下混凝土 underwater concreting;

concreting with tremie method

导流建筑物 regulating structure

丁坝；挑水坝 spur dike

顺坝 longitudinal dam

河床铺砌 river bed paving

码头 wharf

排架 bent

脚手架 scaffold

悬空脚手架 hanging stage; hanging scaffold

铁路涵洞 railway culvert

涵洞孔径 aperture of culvert

管涵 pipe culvert

箱涵 box culvert

拱涵 arch culvert

盖板涵 slab culvert

无压力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert

压力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert

半压力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert

明渠 open channel; open ditch; open drain

倒虹吸管 inverted siphon

潮汐河流 tidal river

淤积 silting; siltation

流冰 ice drift

铁路轮渡 railway car ferries

轮渡站 ferry station

轮渡栈桥 ferry trestle bridge

渡轮 ferry boat

轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道 ferry slip

铁路隧道 railway tunnel

山岭隧道 mountain tunnel

越岭隧道 over mountain line tunnel

水下隧道；水地隧道 subaqueous tunnel;

underwater tunnel

地铁隧道 subway tunnel; underground

railway tunnel

浅埋隧道 shallow tunnel; shallow-depth

tunnel; shallow burying tunnel

深埋隧道 deep tunnel; deep-depth tunnel;

deep burying tunnel

单线隧道 single track tunnel

双线隧道 double track tunnel

多线隧道 multiple track tunnel

车站隧道 station tunnel

地铁车站 subway station; metro station

特长隧道 super long tunnel

长隧道 long tunnel

中长隧道 medium tunnel

短隧道 short tunnel

隧道群 tunnel group

地铁工程 subway engineering; metro

engineering

洞口 tunnel adit; tunnel opening

隧道进口 tunnel entrance

隧道出口 tunnel exit

迎坡；正面坡 front slope

洞门 tunnel portal

洞门框 tunnel portal frame

端墙式洞门 end wall tunnel portal

柱式洞门 post tunnel portal

翼墙式洞门 wing wall tunnel portal

耳墙式洞门 ear wall tunnel portal

台阶式洞门 bench tunnel portal

正洞门 orthonormal tunnel portal; straight

tunnel portal

斜洞门 skew tunnel portal

明洞门 open-cut-tunnel portal; gallery portal

衬砌 lining

拱圈 arch

边墙 side wall

仰拱 invert; inverted arch

底板 floor

整体式衬砌 integral lining

装配式衬砌 precast lining; prefabricated

lining

模筑衬砌 moulded lining

洞口段衬砌 lining of tunnel portal section

偏压衬砌 unsymmetrically loading lining;

eccentrically compressed lining

组合衬砌；复合衬砌 composite lining

初期支护 primary support

二次衬砌 secondary lining

隔离层 isolation layer

喷锚衬砌 shorcrete bolt lining

下锚段衬砌；接触网锚段衬砌 anchor-section

lining

挤压混凝土衬砌 extruding concrete tunnel

lining

隔热层 thermal insulation layer

明洞 open-cut tunnel; tunnel without cover;

gallery

拱形明洞 arch open cut tunnel; arch tunnel

without cover; arch gallery

棚洞 shed tunnel; shed gallery

路堑式明洞 cut-type open cut tunnel;

cut-type tunnel without cover; cut-type gallery

半路堑式明洞 part cut-type open cut tunnel;

part cut-type tunnel without cover; part

cut-type gallery

抗滑明洞 anti-skid-type open cut tunnel;

anti-skid-type tunnel without cover;

anti-skid-type gallery

盖板式棚洞 slab shed tunnel; slab shed

gallery

刚架式棚洞 framed shed tunnel; framed shed

gallery

悬臂式棚洞 cantilever shed tunnel; cantilever

shed gallery

隧道专家系统 expert system of tunnel

围岩 surrounding rock

围岩压力 pressure of surrounding rock

地层压力 ground pressure; stratum pressure

松弛压力 relaxation pressure

形变压力 deformation pressure

围岩自承能力 self-supporting capacity of

surrounding rock

坑道自稳时间 self-stabilization time of

tunnel

弹性抗力 elastic resistance

灌浆压力 grouting pressure

落石冲击力 impact force of falling stone

隧道埋置深度；埋深 buried depth of tunnel

地温梯度 geothermal gradient

地应力 crustal stress

预留变形量 deformation allowance

暗挖法 subsurface excavation method

明挖法 open-cut method

矿山法 mining method; mine tunneling

method

钻眼爆破法 drilling and blasting method

新奥法 New Austrian Tunnelling Method;

NATM

喷锚构筑法 shotcrete-bolt construction

5 / 37

method

掘进机法 tunnel boring machine method

盾构法 shield method

沉管法 immersed tunnelling method

地下连续墙法 underground diaphragm wall

method; underground wall method; diaphragm

wall method

全断面开挖法 full-face tunnelling method

分部开挖法 partial excavation method

台阶法 benching tunnelling method

正台阶法 positive benching tunnelling

method

反台阶法 negative benching tunnelling

method

导坑 heading

上下导坑法 top and bottom heading method

上导坑法 top-heading method

漏斗棚架法 hopper-shed support tunnelling

method

蘑菇形开挖法 mushroom-type tunnelling

method

侧壁导坑法 side heading method

单侧导坑法 single side heading method

双侧导坑法 twin-side heading method

品字形导坑法 top and twin-side bottom

heading method

眼睛式开挖法 spectacles type tunnelling

method

超前导坑 advance heading

扩大 enlargement

拉槽 pull trough; trench excavated

马口 excavation of side wall at intervals

控制爆破 controlled blasting

光面爆破 smooth blasting

预裂爆破 presplit blasting

先墙后拱法 side wall first lining method

先拱后墙法 arch first lining method; flying

arch method

开挖工作面 excavated surface; excavated

work face

超挖 overbreak

欠挖 underbreak

找顶 top cleaning

出碴 mucking and removing

有轨运输 track transportation

无规运输 trackless transportation

拱圈封顶 closing the top of lining

墙顶封口 seal; seal at the top of wall

喷射混凝土回弹 rebound of shotcrete

隧道贯通 tunnel holing-through

隧道贯通误差 tunnel through error

隧道贯通面 tunnel through plane

临时支护 temporary support

构件支撑 member support

钢拱支撑 steel arch support

喷射混凝土支护 shotcrete support

锚杆支护 anchor bolt support

喷锚支护 shotcrete and rock bolt support

系统锚杆 system anchor bolt

超前支护 advance support

超前锚杆 advance anchor bolt

插板支护 inserting plate support; forepoling

小导管预注浆 pre-grouting with small duct

管棚支护 pipe-shed support; pipe roofing

support

格构拱；钢花拱；格棚拱 trellis arch; lattice

arch

喷射混凝土 shotcrete; spray concrete

干喷混凝土 dry shotcreting

湿喷混凝土 wet shotcreting

潮喷混凝土；半湿喷混凝土 half set

shotcreting

喷射钢纤维混凝土 steel fiber shotcrete; steel

fiber reinforced shotcrete

防水混凝土 waterproof concrete

预切槽 precutting trough

辅助坑道 service gallery

竖井 shaft

斜井 inclined shaft

横洞 transverse gallery

平行导坑 parallel heading

横通道 transverse passage-way

调查坑道 investigation gallery; survey tunnel

竖井联系测量 shaft connection survey

隧道防水 waterproofing of tunnel

防水等级 classification of waterproof

防水层 waterproof layer

防水板 waterproof board; waterproof sheet

防水涂层 waterproofing coating

隧道压浆 pressure grouting of tunnel

止水带 water stop tie

盲沟 blind ditch

泻水洞 drain cavern; drain tunnel

隧道运营通风 permanent ventilation of

tunnel

自然通风 natural ventilation

机械通风 mechanical ventilation

风道式通风 ventilation by air passage

隧道通风帘幕 ventilation curtain

列车活塞作用 piston action of train

隧道射流式通风 tunnel efflux ventilation;

tunnel injector type ventilation

隧道通风试验 tunnel ventilation test

隧道施工通风 construction ventilation of

tunnel

风管式通风 ventilation by pipes

巷道式通风 ventilation by ducts

隧道照明 tunnel illumination; tunnel lighting

隧道防灾设施 tunnel anti-disaster equipment

避车洞 refuge hole; refuge recess; refuge

niche

隧道火灾 tunnel fire hazard

隧道报警装置 tunnel warning equipment

隧道消防系统 tunnel fire-fighting system

隧道瓦斯爆炸 tunnel gas explosion

隧道监控量测 tunnel monitoring

measurement

隧道地表沉降 tunnel ground subsidence

隧道拱顶下沉 tunnel arch top settlement

隧道底鼓 tunnel floor heave

隧道周边位移 tunnel perimeter deflection

隧道地中位移 tunnel surrounding mass

deflection

隧道改建 tunnel reconstruction

隧道落底 under cut of tunnel

隧道挑顶 top picking of tunnel

隧道套拱 cover arch of tunnel

施工调查 construction investigation

施工准备 construction preparation

征地 expropriation

拆迁 removing

租地 rented land

交接桩 delivery-receiving stake

施工复测 construction repetition; repetitive

survey; construction repetition survey

测量放样 staking out in survey

土石方调配 cut-fill transition

土石方体积图；土积图 volume diagram of

earth-rock work

隐蔽工程 hidden project; hidden construction

work

废弃工程 abandoned project; abandoned

construction work

工程运输 engineering transportation

冬季施工 cold weather construction; winter

season construction

雨季施工 raining season construction; rainy

season construction

工程招标 calling for tenders of project;

calling for tending of project

工程投标 bidding for project

工程报价 project quoted price

工程发包 contracting out of project

工程承包 contracting of project

工程监理 supervision of construction;

supervision of project

总预算 total budget

单项预算 individual budget

建筑业总产值 total output of building

industry

指导性施工组织设计 design for guiding

construction organization; guiding design for

construction scheme

实施性施工组织设计

design for practical

construction organization; practical design for

construction scheme; operative construction

organization design

临时工程 temporary project

大型临时工程 large-scale temporary project

小型临时工程 small-scale temporary project

过渡工程 transition project

控制工程 dominant project

关键工程 key project

辅助设施 auxiliary facilities

通车期限 time limit for opening to traffic

施工总工期 total time of construction; total

construction time

施工组织方案 construction scheme

开工报告 report on starting of construction

work; commencement report of construction

work; construction starting report

竣工报告 completion report of construction

work

施工计划管理 planned management of

construction

网络计划技术 network planning technique

施工工艺流程 construction technology

process; construction process

工法制度 construction method system

施工产值 construction output value

施工利润 construction profit

施工机械利用率 utilization ratio of

construction machinery

施工机械完好率 ratio of construction

machinery in good condition

施工形象进度 construction figure progress;

figurative progress of construction work

挖掘机 excavating machine; excavator

单斗挖土机 power shovel

索铲挖土机 dragline

反铲挖土机 backhoe

蛤壳式抓斗 clamshell bucket

推土机 bulldozer

铲运机 scoper; scraper; carrying scraper

装载机 loader

带式输送机 belt conveyer

平地机 grader

振动碾压机 vibration compactor vibration

roller

压路机 roller

潜孔钻机 diving drill

凿岩机 air hammer drill; rock drill

碎石机 crusher

挖沟机 trench cutting machine; trenching

machine; trencher

塔式起重机 tower crane; column crane

汽车式起重机 automobile crane; autocrane;

truck crane

轮胎式起重机 rubber tired crane;

rough-terrain crane

履带式起重机 crawler crane; caterpillar

crane

轨道起重机 track crane; rail crane

浮式起重机；浮吊 floating crane

缆索起重机 cable crane

空中索道 aerial ropeway

电动卷扬机 electric winch

电动吊车；电动葫芦 electric hoist

千斤顶 jack

打桩机 pile driver

蒸汽打桩机 steam pile driver; steam pile

hammer

柴油打桩机 diesel pile driver

液压打桩机 hydraulic pile driver

振动打桩机 vibrating pile driver; vibratory

driver

振动沉拨桩机 vibro-driver extractor

静压力拨桩机 static pressure pile extractor;

static pressure pile drawing machine

6 / 37

履带式桩架 crawler pile frame

旋转式钻机 swiveling drill machine; rotary

drill machine

灌水钻机 diving drill machine

套管钻机 drill machine with casting

冲击式钻机 impact-type drill machine;

percussion type drill machine

离心水泵 centrifugal pump

真空水泵 vacuum pump

深井水泵 deep well pump

轴流水泵 axial flow pump

清水泵 driving pump

往复式空气压缩机 reciprocating compressor

螺杆式空气压缩机 screw compressor

单转子滑片式空压机 single rotary

compressor

水泥输送泵 cement pump

混凝土搅拌机 concrete mixer

鼓筒式混凝土搅拌机 drum concrete mixer

锥形反转出料混凝土搅拌机 tapered reverse

tilting concrete mixer

锥形倾翻出料混凝土搅拌机 tapered tilting

concrete mixer

强制式混凝土搅拌机 forced concrete mixer

混凝土搅拌楼 concrete mixing plant

简易混凝土搅拌站 simple concrete mixing

plant

混凝土搅拌运输车 concrete mixing and

transporting car; truck mixer; transit mixer

混凝土输送泵 concrete pump

混凝土泵车 concrete pump truck

混凝土吊斗 concrete lifting bucket

钢筋调直机 bar straightener

钢筋切断机 bar cutter

钢筋弯曲机 bar bender

钢筋冷拉机 bar cold-drawing machine

插入式混凝土振捣器 immersion type

vibrator for concrete

附着式混凝土振捣器 attached type vibrator

for concrete; attached type vibrator

平板式混凝土振捣器 plate vibrator

混凝土振动台 concrete vibrating stand

长线张拉台座 stretching bed for longline

production

斜撑桅杆式架梁起重机 cross stay derrick

girder erecting machine

全回转式架梁起重机 full circle girder

erecting crane

双悬臂式架桥机 double cantilever

girder-erecting machine

单梁式架桥机 single beam girder-erecting

machine

双梁式架桥机 double beam girder-erecting

machine

组拼式架桥机 assembly type girder-erecting

machine

造桥机 bridge fabrication machine

工程船舶 engineering ship; engineering

vessel

舟桥 bateau bridge

浮箱 floating box; pontoon

万能杆件 fabricated universal steel members

模板 form

组合钢模板 combined steel formwork

滑动模板 slip form

爬升模板 climbing shuttering

砌拱支架；碗扣式脚手架 soffit scaffolding

风镐 air pick; pneumatic pick

凿岩台车；钻孔台车 rock drilling jumbo

立爪式装岩机 vertical claw rock loader

蟹爪式装岩机 crab rock loader

梭式矿车 shutter car

槽式列车 bunker train

电瓶车 storage battery car

斗车 bucker loader

大型矿车 large scale ore car

装岩机 rock loader

干喷混凝土机 dry shotcreting machine

湿喷混凝土机 wet shotcreting machine

半湿喷混凝土机 half wet shotcreting

machine

喷射混凝土机械手 shotcrete manipulator

风动凿岩机 pneumatic rock drill

手持式凿岩机 portable rock drill; jack

hammer

注浆机 grouting machine; grouter

注浆泵 grouting pump; injection pump

隧道衬砌模板台车 working jumbo for tunnel

lining; tunnelling shutter jumbo for tunnel

lining

隧道掘进机 tunnel boring machine; TBM

盾构 shield

接触网架线车 installation vehicle for contact

wire

接触网作业车 operation vehicle for contract

wire

自卸汽车 dumping truck

斗式提升机 bucket elevator

安全技术措施 safety technical measures

安全教育 safety education

事故报告 accident report

灾害性地质 disaster geology

突泥 projecting mud soil

突水 gushing water

冒顶 roof fall

岩爆 rock burst

瓦斯突出 gas projection

瓦斯浓度 gas density; gas consistency

掏底开挖；挖神仙土 cut the vertical

earthwork bottom

施工防护 construction protection

线路封锁 track blockade; closure of track;

traffic interruption

防护音响信号 protecting acoustic signal

覆盖防护 covered protection

近体防护 nearby protection

安全标志 safety mark; safety symbol; safety

indicator

停车防护 stopping train protection; standing

train protection

安全距离 safety distance

人员掩蔽所 hiding-place for personnel

待遇所 refuge place

安全地点 safety place

安全帽 safety cap; safety helmet

安全绳 safety rope safety strap

安全网 safety net

保险带 safety belt

安全梯 emergency staircase; fire escape

防护栏杆 protection railing

安全用电 safety in utilizing electric energy

安全电压 safety voltage

消防设施 fire-fighting equipment

防火门 fire protection gate

消防器材 fire-fighting apparatus and

materials

隔火带 fire protection strip

防火净距 fire protection distance

瓦斯治理 gas control

安全炸药 safety explosion; explosive charge;

safety explosive

湿式凿岩 wet boring for rock; wet drilling for

rock

防尘 dust prevention; dust control

防滑鞋 antiskid shoe

绝缘鞋 insulant shoe

防坠器 falling protector

阻车器 stop device

安全装置 safety device; safety equipment

救生设施 lifesaving appliance

防雷装置 lighting protection device

保护地线 protective earth wire

保护接地 protective grounding

触电保安器 electric shock protector

防爆设施 blasting protection facilities

质量管理 quality management

质量保证 quality assurance

质量控制 quality control

质量体系 quality system

质量监督 quality superintendence; quality

surveillance

工程质量检验 inspection of

quality

engineering

隐蔽工程检查 hidden project inspection

取样试验检查 sampling inspection

自测 visual measurement; visual observation

丈量 measure

仪器检查 inspect by instrument

全验 overall acceptance

抽验 selective acceptance

工程质量评定 evaluation of engineering

quality

工程质量验收 acceptance of engineering

quality

随工验收 acceptance following construction;

follow-up acceptance

中间验收 intermediate acceptance

缺陷工程 defect project; drawback project

合格工程 qualified project

样板工程 sample project

优质工程；优良工程 high grade project; high

quality project

施工验收 delivery-receiving acceptance

工务段 track division; track district; track

maintenance division

养路领工区 track subdivision; track

maintenance subdivision

养路工区 track maintenance section;

permanent way gang

养路领工员 track master; track supervisor

养路工长 track foreman

养路工 trackman; machine operator; track

mechanics

巡道工 track walker; track patrolling man

道口看守工 grade crossing watchman; level

crossing watchman

桥隧巡守工 bridge and tunnel watchman;

bridge and tunnel patrolling man

轨道；线路上部建筑 track

轨道类型 classification of track; track

standard

轨道结构 track structure

有碴轨道 ballasted track

无碴轨道 ballastless track

线路 track; permanent way

有缝线路 jointed track

无缝线路 continuously welded rail track;

jointless track

长轨线路 long welded rail track

轨排 track panel; track skeleton

轨节 rail link

长轨条 long rail string

轨道几何形位 track geometry

轨距加宽 gauge widening

螺旋曲线 spiral curve; clothoid curve

三次抛物线曲线 cubic parabola curve

曲线超高 superelevation cant; elevation of

curve

欠超高 deficient superelevation

过超高 surplus superelevation；excess

elevation

反超高 reverse superelevation; counter

superelevation; negative superelevation

未本平衡离心加速度 unbalanced centrifugal

acceleration

曲线正矢 curve versine

轨道力学 track mechanics

轨道动力学 track dynamics

轨道强度计算 track strength analysis

轨道几何状态恶化 track deterioration

轨道失效 track failure

轨道框架刚度 rigidity of track panel

道床系数 ballast coefficient; ballast modulus

钢轨基础模量 rail supporting modulus ；

track modulus

钢轨支点弹性模量 modulus of elasticity of

rail support

轨道应力 track stresses

轨道稳定性 stability of track

7 / 37

接头阻力 joint resistance

道床阻力 ballast resistance

扣件扣压力 toe load of fastening

轮/轨接触应力 rail/wheel contact stress

钢轨 rail

轨头 rail head

轨腰 rail web

轨底 rail base; rail bottom

淬火轨 head hardened rail ; quenched rail

合金轨 alloy steel rail

合金淬火轨 head hardened alloy steel rail ；

quenched alloy

耐磨轨 wear resistant rail

耐腐蚀轨 corrosion resistant rail

标准长度钢轨 standard length rail

短轨 short rail

缩短轨 standardshortened rail ; fabricated

short rail used on curves；sandard curtailed rail

异形轨 compromise rail

护轨 guard rail; check rail

轨底坡 rail cant

钢轨工作边 gage line

轨缝；接头缝 rail gap；joint gap

构造轨缝 structural joint gap ；maximum

joint gap structurally obtainable

钢轨接头 rail joint

相对接头 opposite joint ；square joint

相错式接头；相互式接头 alternate joint ;

staggered joint ; broken joint

垫接接头；承接接头 supported joint

悬接接头 suspended joint

绝缘接头 insulated joint

胶结绝缘接头 glued insulated joint

焊接接头 welded joint

冻结接头 frozen joint

异形接头 compromise joint

钢轨伸缩调节器；温度调节器 expansion rail

joint; rail expansion device; swith expansion

joint

接头联结零件 rail joint accessories ; rail joint

fastenings

接头夹板；鱼尾板 joint bar ; splice bar ；fish

plate

平型双头夹板 flat joint bar

轨头地面接触夹板；锲型接头夹板 head

contact flat joint bar

轨腹上圆弧接触夹板；铰型接头夹板 head

free flat joint bar

带裙鱼尾板 aproned fish plate; fish plate

with apron

异型接头夹板 compromise joint bar

接头螺栓；鱼尾螺栓 track blolt ；fish bolt

钩螺栓 claw bolt ；hook bolt ；anchor bolt

扣件; 中间联结零件 rail fastening

分开式扣件 separated rail fastening ; indirect

holding fastening

不分开式扣件 nonseparated rail fastening ;

direct holding fastening

半分开式扣件 semi-separaed rail fastening ;

mixed holding fastening

弹性扣件 elasic rail fastening

道钉；狗头钉；钩头钉 track spike ；rail

spike ；dog spike

弹簧道钉 elastic rail spike

螺纹道钉 screw spike

螺栓螺纹钉 bolt-screw spike

硫磺锚固 sulphur cement mortar anchor ；

sulphur cement mortar anchorage

垫板 tie plate

橡胶垫板；弹性垫板 rubber tie plate

衬垫 pad

冻害垫板 frost heave board；track shim for

frost heaving roadbed ；frost shim

弹簧垫圈 spring washer

防爬器 anti-creeper; rail anchor

穿销防爬器 wedged rail anchor

弹簧防爬器 spring rail anchor

防爬支撑 anti-creep strut

轨撑 rail brace

轨距杆 gage tie bar; gage rod ; gage tie

绝缘轨距杆 insulated gage rod

轨下基础 sub-rail foundation ；sub-rail track

bed

轨枕 tie; cross tie ; sleeper

宽混凝土轨枕；轨枕板 broad concrete tie

纵向轨枕 longitudinal tie

板式轨道 slab-track

木枕；枕木 wooden tie

油枕 treated wooden tie

素枕 untreated wooden tie

钢枕 steel tie

混凝土枕 concrete tie

岔枕 switch tie ；turnout tie

短枕 short tie ；block tie

枕盒 crib

道床 ballast bed

整体道床 solid bed; integrated ballast bed;

monolithic concrete bed

沥青道床 asphalt cemented ballast bed

道碴层；道碴床 ballast layer

道碴 ballast

道碴级配 ballast grading

洛杉叽磨损实验 Los Angeles abrasion test

碎石道碴 stone ballast

矿碴道碴 slag ballast

卵石道碴 gravel ballast

砂道碴 sand ballast

底碴 subballast

道床厚度 thickness of ballast bed；depth of

ballast

道床宽度 width of ballast bed

道床碴肩 shoulder of ballast bed

轮轨游间 clearance between wheel flange

and gage line

曲线内接 inscribed to curves

自由内接 free inscribing

强制内接 compulsory inscribing

楔形内接 wedging inscribing

静力内接 static inscribing

动力内接 dynamic inscribing

轨道不平顺 track irregularity

静态不平顺 static track irregularity；

irregularity without load

动态不平顺 dynamic track irregularity

轨道几何尺寸容许公差 track geometry

tolerances

轨道变形 track deformation；track disorder；

track distortion

轨道残余变形 track residual deformation；

track permanent deformation

弹性挤开 gage elastically widened；elastic

squeeze-out

轨道水平；左右水平 track cross level

轨道方向 track alignment

轨道前后高低；前后高低 longitudinal level

of rail；track profile

三角坑；扭曲 twist warp

轨道明坑 visile pit of track；visible low spot

of track；track depression

轨道暗坑；空吊板 loose tie

翻浆 冒泥 mud-pumping

钢轨低接头 depressed joint；battered foint of

rail

接头瞎缝 closed joint；tight joint

大轨缝 excessive joint gap；wide joint gap

线路爬行 track creeping

轨道鼓出 track buckling

轨头总磨损；轨头总磨耗 total wear of rail

head

轨头垂直磨损；轨头垂直磨耗 vertical wear

of rail head

轨头侧面磨损；轨头侧面磨耗 side wear of

rail head

轨头波形磨损；轨头波浪形磨耗 wave-type

deformation of rail head

轨头波纹磨损 corrugation of rail head；rail

corrugation

轨头短波浪磨损 short wave undulation of

rail head

轨头长波浪磨损 long wave undulation of rail

head

轨头马鞍形磨损 rail end batter

；saddle wear

of rail end

轨头肥边 flow of rail head；lipping of rail

head

错牙接头 rail ends unevenness in line or

surface

钢轨伤损 rail defects and failures

钢轨擦伤 engine burn；wheel burn

钢轨锈蚀 rail corrosion

白点 flake crack；shatter crack；small nucleus

fissure

核伤 nucleus flaw；oval flaw

轨头剥离 gage line shelly cracks

轨头掉块 spalling of rail head

轨头压溃 crushing of rail head

轨头垂直劈裂 vertical split of rail head

轨头微细波纹 detail fracture of rail head

轨端崩裂 rail end breakage

钢轨打标记 branding & stamping of rails

轨端削角；轨端倒棱 rail end chamfering

螺栓孔削角；螺栓孔倒棱 bolt hole

chamfering

螺栓孔加强 bolt hole cold-working

strenthening

轨头水平劈裂 horizontal split of rail head

轨腰劈裂 piped rail ；split of rail web

钢轨裂纹 rail cracks

轨头发裂 head checks ；hair crack of rail

head

轨底崩裂 burst of rail base；burst of rail

bottom ; broken rail base

钢轨折断 brittle fractures of rail ; sudden

rupture of rail

钢轨落锤试验 drop test of rail

螺孔裂纹 bolt hole crack

线路大修 major repair of reack ; overhaul of

track ；track renewal

线路中修 intermediate repair of track

线路维修 maintenance of track

找小坑 spot surfacing

全面起道捣固 out-of-face surfacing

起道 raising of track ；track lifting

落道 under cutting of track ; lowering of track

垫砂起道 measured shovel packing

改道 gage correction ；gaging of track

拨道 track lining

整正水平 adjusting of cross level

整正曲线 curve adjusting; curve lining

绳正法整正曲线 string lining of curve

绳度整正曲线计算器 string lining

computer ；string-line calculator

调整轨缝；均匀轨缝 adjusting of rail gaps；

evenly distributing joint gaps

整正规缝 dispersal of rail gaps；adjusting

joint gaps up to standard

矫直钢轨 staightening of kinked rail

焊修钢轨；堆焊钢轨 resurfacing of rail

打磨钢轨 rail grinding

轨头整形 rail head reprofiling

轨头非对称断面打磨 asymmetrical rail head

profile grinding

方正轨枕 tie respacing ；squaring of ties

削平木枕 tie adzing

修补木枕 tie repairing

木枕防腐 preservation of wooden tie

木枕预钻孔 preboring of wooden tie ;

preboring of spike holes

木枕刻痕 incising of wooden tie

枕木塞 tie plug

木枕防裂装置 anti splitting device

捣固道床 ballast tamping

夯实道床 ballast ramming ；ballast

consolidating

清筛道床 ballast cleaning

整理道床 ballast trimming

锁定轨温 fastening-down temperature of rail

零应力轨温 strss free rail temperature

8 / 37

中和轨温 neutral temperature

放散温度力 destressing ; stress liberation

温度力 temperature stress

温度力峰 temperature stress peak

轨道鼓出临界温度 critical temperature of

track buckling

伸缩区；呼吸区 breathing zone

缓冲区 buffer zone; transition zone

固定区 nonbreathing zone ；fixd zone ;

deformation -free zone

调节轨 buffer rail

气压焊 oxyacetylene pressure welding

电阻焊 flash butt welding

铝热焊 thrmlt welding

周转轨 inventory stock

备用轨 stock rails per kilometer of track;

emergency rail stored along the way

再用轨 second hand rail ；relaying rail

顺坡 run-off elevation

作业标志 working signal

停车牌 red board; stop indicator

慢行牌 yellow board ；speed indicator

线路标志 road way signs ; permanent

公里标 kilometer post

曲线标 curve post

坡度标 grade post

桥梁标 bridge post

隧道标 tunnel post

管界标 section sign

钢轨位移观测桩 rail creep indication posts

鸣笛标 whistle board

线路中断 line interruption

施工封闭线路 line occupation for works

封闭线路作业时间；开天窗作业时间 works

occupation time ; working time of closed

sectin

列车空隙作业时间 working time between

trains

养路表报 maintenance -of-way report and

forms; track work forms

工务设备台帐 technical record of track ;

bridge and other equipments

养路管理电脑系统 computer aided track

maintenance and management system

线路平剖面图 track charts

养路费用 maintenance of way expenditures

线路维修规则 rules of maintenance of way

轨道养护标准 standards of track main

tenance

换算线路长度 equibalent track kilometerage

轨检车评分 track evaluatin by recording car;

evaluation by track inspection car

轨道质量指数 track quality index

平面交叉 level crossing

立体交叉 grade separation

道囗 grade crossing; level crossing

道囗铺面 grade crossing pavement ；surface

of grade crossing

道囗平台 level stretch of grade crossing

道囗警标 warning sign at grade crossing

道囗栏木 cross barrier at grade crossing

道囗栅栏 side barrier at grade crossing

道囗护桩 protective stake atgrade crossing

限界架 clearance limit frame

道岔

道岔 turnout ；switches and crossings

单开道岔 simple turnout ；; lateral turnout

单式对称道岔；双开道岔 symmetrical

double curve turnout ；equilateral turnout

单式不对称道岔；不对称双开道岔

unsymmetrical double curve turnout ；

unequilateral turnout

单式同侧道岔 unsymmetrical double curve

turnout in the same direction

三开道岔 stmmetrical three throw turnout ；

three-way turnout

不对称三开道岔 unsymmetrical three-way

turnout ; unsymmetrical three throw tunout

左开道岔 left hand turnout

右开道岔 right hand turnout

交叉 crossing

菱形交叉 diamond crossing

直角交叉 rectangular crossing ; square

crossing

交分道岔 slip switch

单式交分道岔 single slip switches

复式交分道岔 double slip switches

渡线 crossover

交叉渡线 scissors crossing ；double

crossover

平行渡线 parallel crossover

梯线 ladder track

套线道岔 mixed gage turnout

道岔主线 main line of turnout ; main track of

turnout ；turnout main

道岔侧线 branch line of turnout ；branch

track of turnout turnout branch

导曲线 lead curve

导曲线半径 radius of lead curve

导曲线支距 offset of lead curve

道岔中心 center of turnout

辙叉 frog；crossing

辙叉角 frog angle

辙叉号数 frog number

道岔号数 turnout number

道岔始端 beginning of turnout

道岔终端 end of turnout

尖轨 switch rail tongue rail; blade

直线尖轨 straight seitch

曲线尖轨 curved switch

尖轨理论尖端 theoretical point of switch rail

尖轨尖端 actual point of switch rail

尖轨跟端 heel of swith rail

曲线出岔道岔 turnout from curved track

辙叉心轨理论尖端 theoretical point of frog

辙 叉心轨尖端 actual point of frog

辙叉趾端 toe end of frog ；frog toe

辙叉跟端 heel end of frog; frog heel

道岔基线 reference line of turnout

道岔全长 total length of turnout

道岔理论长度 theoretical length of turnout

道岔实际长度 actual length of turnout

道岔理论导程 theoretical lead of turnout

道岔前部理论长度 front part theoretical

legth of turnout

道岔后部理论长度 rear part theoretical

length of turnout

道岔后部实际长度 rear part actual length of

turnout

尖轨长度 length of switch rail

辙叉趾长 toe length of frog

辙叉跟长 heel length of frog

辙叉趾宽 toe spread of frog

辙叉跟宽 heel s[read of frog

尖轨动程 throw of switch

护轨与心轨的查照间隔 check gage

护背距离 guard rail face gage；back gage

辙叉有害空间 gap in the frog ；open throat;

unguarded flange-way

转辙角 switch angle

辙叉咽喉 throat of frog

轮缘槽 flange-way; flange clearance

转辙器 switch

可弯式尖轨转辙器 flexible switch

间隔铁式尖轨转辙器 loose heel switch

高锰钢整铸辙叉 solid manganese steel frog;

cast manganese steel frog

钢轨组合辙叉 bolred rigid frog; assembled

frog

可动心轨辙叉 movable-point frog

可动翼轨辙叉 movable-wing frog

钝角辙叉 obtuse frog

锐角辙叉 end frog; acute frog

曲线辙叉 curved frog

基本轨 stock rail

密贴尖轨 closed switch rail; close contact

between switch point and stock rail

淬火尖轨 surface-hardened switch rail;

quenched switch rail

特种断面尖轨 special heavy section switch

rail; tongue rail made of special section rail;

full-wed section switch rail

翼轨 wing rail

心轨 point rail; nose rail

道岔护轨 turnout guard rail

尖轨护轨 switch point guard rail

尖轨保护器 switch protector

道岔拉杆 switch rod; stretcher bar

道岔连接杆 connecting bar; following

stretcher bar

间隔铁 filler; spacer block

尖轨补强板 reinforcing bar

滑床板 slide plate; switch plate

线路机械 permanent way machine

线路机具 permanent way tool

路基机械 subgrade machine; machine for

roadway work

轨道机械 track machine

道碴机械 ballast machine

捣固机械 tamping machine

夯实机械 ballast consolidating machine

道碴清筛机械 ballast cleaning machine

轨行式装运机械 rail-mounted handling and

transportation machine

轨道检测设备 track geometry measuring

device

安全防护设备 safety protection equipment

线路清理机械 permanent way clearing

machine

公铁两用线路机械 rail/road permanent way

machine

大型线路机械；重型线路机械 heavy

permanent way machine; large permanent way

machine

小型线路机械；轻型线路机械 light

permanent way machine ；small permanent

way machine

拨道机 track lining machine

拨道器 track lining tool

起道机 track lifting

起道器 rail jack; track jack

起拔道机 track lifting and lining machine

起拔道器 track lifting and lining tool

钢轨钻孔机 rail drilling machine

钢轨钻孔器 rail drilling tool

磨轨机 rail grinding machine

磨轨车 rail grinding car

磨轨列车 rail grinding train

轨缝调整器 rail gap adjuster ; rail puller

钢轨拉伸器 rail tensor

平轨器 rail bending tool ; rail bender

钢轨刨边机 rail-head edges planing machine

钢轨推凸机 rail weld seam shearing machine

钢轨推凸器 rail shearing device

机动螺钉；螺栓板手 rail screw-bolt power

wrench

地面钢轨凃油器 on-track rail lubricator

车载钢轨凃油器 on-board rail lubricator

焊轨机 rail welding machine

轨枕抽换机 tie replacing machine

木枕钻孔机 wooden tie drilling machine

打道钉机 spike driver

起道钉机 spike puller

混凝土枕螺栓钻取机 concrete tie dowel

drilling and pulling machine

方枕器 tie respacer

木枕削平机 wooden sleeper adzing machine

手提电动捣固机；电镐 portable electric

tamper; hand electric tamper

手提风动捣固机 porable pneumatic tamper

手提内然捣固机 portable gasoline-powered

tamper

小型液压捣固机 light hydraulic tamping

machine

液压捣固机；液压捣固车 hydraulic tamping

machine

自动液压大型捣固车；自动整平；起道拔道

捣固车 auto-leveling-lifting-lining-tamping

machine

配碴整形机 ballast distributing and

9 / 37

regulating machine

道碴犁 ballast plow

扒碴机 crib ballast removers

收碴机 ballast recoliecting machine

枕间夯实机 crib consolidating machine

道床边坡夯实机 ballast shouder

consolidating machine

全断面道床夯实机 full section ballast

consolidating machine

道床底碴夯实机 subballast consolidating

machine

动力稳定机 dynamic track stabilizer

边坡清筛机 ballast shouder cleaning machine

大型全断面清筛机 large ballast undercutting

cleaners; on-track full section undercutting

cleaners

中型清筛机 medium ballast undercutting

cleaners

大揭盖清筛机 ballast cleaning machine eith

removed track panels

小型枕底清筛机 small ballast undercutting

cleaners

轻型轨道车 light rail motor car ; light motor

trolley

重型轨道车 heavy rail motor car; heavy

motor trolley

发电轨道车 power generating rail car

发电走行两用车 self-propelled power

generating car

轨道平车 rail flat car

长钢轨运输作业列车 long welded rail

transporting and working train

铺轨机 track laying machine

轨行式起重机 crane on-track ; rail-mounted

crane

悬臂式铺轨排机 track panel laying machine

with cantilever

悬臂式铺轨机 rail laying machine with

cantilever

门式铺轨排机 track panel lating gantry crane

铺轨列车 track laying train

工程宿营车 work train with camp cars

轨道检查车 track recording car ; track

inspection car

轨道检查小车 track geometry measuring

trolley

桥梁试验车 bridge test car

钢轨探伤车 rail flaw detection car

钢轨磨损检查车 rail profile measuring car

钢轨磨损检查仪 rail profile gauge

列车速度检查仪 train speed monitoring

device

列车接近报警器 train approach wairning

device

限界检测车 clearance car ; clearance

inspection car

塌方落石报警器 land slide warning device

除雪机 snow removing machine; snow

remover

道岔熔冰器 sewitch heater

除砂机 sand removing machine

开沟机 ditcher

开沟平路机 track shaving machine ; ditching

and grading machine

灌木切割机 brush cutting machine ; brush

cutter

除草机 weeding cutting machine ; weed

cutter

喷洒除草机 weed killing machine weed killer

轨距尺；道尺 track gage

万能道尺 universal rail gage

捣镐；道镐 packer ; tamping pick; beater

道钉锤 spike hammer

撬棍 lining bar ; claw bar

轨道水平尺 track level

螺栓扳手 track wrenches

单轨小车 hand cart

地表排水 surface drainage

地下排水 subsurface drainage

过滤层 filter

路基松软 soft spots of road bed

滑坡 landslip; landslide

坍方 slide ; slip

蠕变 creep; crawl

崩塌 collapse; toppling

冲刷 erosion ; scouring

落石 rock fall

泥石流 warth flow; debris flow ; mud and

rock flow

冻害 frost heaving

雪崩 snow slip ; snow slide; snow avalanche

道碴槽 ballast tub

道碴箱 ballast box

道碴袋 ballast pocket

道碴巢 ballast nest

路基下沉 subgrade settlement

煤矿沉陷 mining subsidence

路基挤起 subgrade bulge ; subgrade

squeeze-out

防洪 flood control

防砂 sand-drift control ; sand protection

防雪 snow-drift control; snow protection

雪害 snow blockade; snow drift

水害 flood damage; washout

砂害 sand blockade; sand drift

隧道冰害 frost damage in tunnel

防雪棚 snow fence ; snow guard

防雪障 snow protection bank

防雪树篱 snow protectin hedge

拉沟 slotting

刷坡 slope cutting

边坡植被防护 vegetation on slope

石笼 gabion

土工织物；土工布 geotextile

土工格栅；土工网格 geogrid

铺草皮 sodding

整治冻害轨道 treatment of frost heaving

track

垫冻害垫板 track shimming

电化学加固土壤 electro-chemical tratment of

soil

桥梁浅基 shallow foundation of bridge;

unsafe dpth foundation of bridge

限界检查 checking of clearance; check

measurement

河调一防护失修 disrepaire of flow

regulating and shore protectin structure ; river

bank protection out of repair

桥址水文观测 hydrologic observation of

bridge site

桥梁检定试验 bridge rating test

容许强度检定 working stress rating

承载系数检定 load factor rating

自动力矩检定 autostress rating

桥梁检定承载系数 rated load-bearing

coefficient for bridge; rated load-bearing

coefficient for bridge as compared with

standard live loading

特种车辆活载 special live load; lilve load of

special type wagon

墩台基础挖验 excavating foundation for

checking pupose foundation examination by

excavation

墩台基础钻探 drilling foundation for

checking purpose; foundation examination by

drilling

圬工梁裂损 cracking of concrete and

masonry beam

隧道漏水 tunnel leak

衬砌裂损 lining cracking

衬砌腐蚀

中间漆 intermediate coat

面漆 top coat

工地漆 field coat

工厂漆 shop coat

干捣水泥砂浆 dry tamped cement mortar

混凝土裂纹 concrete cracks

钢梁腐蚀裂纹 corrosion cracking of steel

bridge

钢梁应力腐蚀裂纹 stress corrosion cracking

of steel bridge

隧道防火措施 measures against tunnel fire

隧道通风 tunnel ventilation

隧道防排水 tunnel water handling

喷射混凝土修理 shotcrete repair

桥隧养护 maintenance of bridge and tunnel

桥隧经常保养 regular maintenance of bridge

and tunnel

桥隧综合维修 comprehensive maintenance

of bridge and tunnel structure

桥隧病害整治 damage repair for bridge and

tunnel ; repair bridge and tunnel fault

桥涵扩孔 opening enlargement of bridge and

culvert

桥梁浅基防护 unsafe depth foundation

protection ; bridge shallow foundation

protection

墩周冲淤 scouring and sepositing around pier

桥隧巡守 bridge and tunnel patrolling

限界改善 clearance improvement

墩台防撞 collision prevention around pier;

pier protection against collision

钢梁加固 strengthening of steel bridge

临时便桥 shoofly

防洪预抢工程 precautinary work against

flood

水害断道 railroad break down due to to

flood ; line blockade due to flood

水害抢修 rush repair of flood damage to open

for traffic

抛石防护 riparap protection

临险抢护 emergency rush engineering ;

emergency repairs

水害复旧 restoration work for flood damage ;

restoration of flood damaged structures

日降雨量 daily precipitatin

雨量计 rain gage

洪水标记 flood mark

河床冲刷 channel erosion

洪水淹没 flood inundation on tracks

防水林 forestation against flood

防撞破凌 breaking up ice run; breaking up

ice floe prevent collision

房屋维修 regular maintenance of buildings

and structures

房建大修 major repair of buildings and

structures

房建检修 inspection and repair of buildings

and structures

铁道牵引动力 railway traction power;

railway motive power

机车 locomotive

机车种类 types of locomotive

机车比率；机车比值 locomotive ratio

蒸汽机车 steam locomotive

内燃机车；柴油机车 diesel locomotive

电力机车 electric locomotive

燃气轮机车 gasturbine locomotive

动车组 motor train unit；motor train set

动车 motot car

拖车 trailer

铁路干线机车 railway trunk line locomotive

工矿机车 industrial and mining locomotive

客运机车 passenger locomotive

货运机车 freight locomotive; goods

locomotive

调车机车 shunting locomotive; switcher

小运转机车 locomotive for district transfer;

transfer locomotive train

路用机车 locomotive of service train; service

locomotives

配属机车 allocated locomotive

非配属机车 un-allocated locomotive

支配机车 disposal locomotive

非支配机车 un-disposal locomotive

运用机车 locomotive in operation

检修机车 locomotive under repairing

备用机车 locomotive in reserve

封存机车 locomotive stored up

待修机车 locomotive waiting for repair

10 / 37

机车出租 leased locomotive

机车报废 locomotive retirement

机车储备 locomotive reservation; locomotive

storage

机车整备 locomotive servicing; locomotive

running preparation

机车整备能力 locomotive service capacity

机车技术规范 locomotive technical

specification

轴列式；轴式 axle arrangement

转向架中心 bogie pivot center

转向架中心距离 distance between bogie

pivot centers; bogie pivot pitch

机车全轴距 locomotive total wheel base

机车转向架轴距 locomotive wheel base of

bogie

机车固定轴距 locomotive rigid wheel base

机车长度 locomotive overall length

机车宽度 locomotive width

机车高度 locomotive height

机车计算重量 calcuated weight of

locomotive

机车整备重量 locomotive service weight

机车重量 locomotive weight

机车粘着重量 locomotive adhesive weight

轴重转移；轴荷载转移 axle load transfer

粘着重量利用系数 adhesive weight utility

factor

机车重量分配 weight distribution of

locomotive

轮对横动量 lateral play of wheel set

机车噪声 locomotive noise

热值；发热量 heat value

机车万吨公里能耗 energy consumption per

10；000 t-km of locomotive

机车用煤 coal for locomotive

机车用柴油 diesel oil for locomotive

机车用电 electricity for locomotive

机车用换算煤 converted coal for locomotive

标准煤 standard coal

机车用润滑剂 lubricant for locomotive

给水 water supply

水鹤 water crane

给水处理 water supply treatment

炉内软水 water softened in boiler

炉外软水 water softened out of boiler

软水 water softened

净水 water purified

给水站；给水所 water supply station

机务段 locomotive depot

机车运用段 locomotive running depot

机车检修段 locomotive repair depot

机车折返段 locomotive turnaround depot

列车无线电调度系统 train radio dispatching

system

机车监控记录装置 locomotive supervise and

record apparatus

机车故障 locomotive failure

机车牵引特性 locomotive tractive

characteristic

机车效率 total locomotive efficiency

机车轮周效率 efficiency of locomotive at

wheel rim

机车传动功率 transmission efficiency of

locomotive

机车牵引特性曲线 locomotive tractive

characteristic curve

机车轮周功率曲线 locomotive power curve

at wheel rim

机车牵引力曲线 locomotive tractive effort

curve

机车预期牵引特性曲线 predetermined

tractive characteristic curve of locomotive

机车功率 locomotive power

标称功率；额定功率 nominal power

最大运用功率；装车功率 maximum service

output power

轮周功率 output power at wheel rim

比功率 power/weight ratio

比重量 weight/power ratio

单位体积功率 specific volume power

机车牵引力 locomotive teractive effort

轮周牵引力 tractive effort at wheel rim

车钩牵引力 tractive effort at coupler;

drawbar pull

起动牵引力 stsrting tractive effort

粘着牵引力 adhesive tractive effort

持续牵引力 continuous tractive effort

基本阻力 basic resistance

运行阻力 running resistance

惰行阻力 idle runing resistance; coasting

resistance

起动阻力 starting resistance

附加阻力 additional resistance

坡道阻力 gradient resistance

曲线阻力 curve resistance

空气阻力 air resistance

单位阻力 unit resistance; specific resistance

换算阻力；加算阻力 converted resistance

速度控制系统 speed control system

加速 acceleration

减速 deceleration

恒速 constant speed

加速力 acceleration force

减速力 deceleration force

列车制动 train braking

制动方式 brake mode

空气制动 air brake

真空制动 vacuum brake

动力制动 dynamic brake

液力制动 hydraulic brake

电阻制动 rheostatic brake

再生制动 regenerative brake

电空制动 electropneumatic brake

蓄能制动 energy-storing brake

涡流制动 eddy current brake

磁轨制动 electromagnetic rail brake

踏面制动 tread brake

盘型制动 disc brake

机车制动周期 locomotive braking period

机车制动距离 locomotive braking distance

机车每轴闸瓦作用力 brake shoe force per

axle of locomotive

制动 braking

常用制动 service braking; service application

最大常用制动；常用全制动 full servive

braking; full service application

阶段制动 graduated application

自然制动 unintended braking; undesired

braking

紧急制动 emergency braking; emergency

application

意外紧急制动 undesirable emergency

braking；UDE

缓解 release

直接缓解；一次缓解 direct release

阶段缓解 graduated release

自然缓解 unintended release; undesired

release

漏泄 leakage

充风; charging

充风位；充气位 charge position

过充风；过充气 overcharging

再充风；再充气 recharging

过量充风；过量充气 overcharge

阶段提升 graduated increasing

保持位 suppression; maintaining position;

holding position

制动管减压量 brake pipe pressure reduction

过量减压 over reduction

局部减压 local reduction

分段减压 split reduction

最大常用减压 full servive reduction

常用局减 quick service

紧急局减 quick action

前后风压差 false gradient

列车管压差 train pipe pressure gradient

保压停车 stopping at maintaining position

缓解停车 stopping at release

缓解波速 release propagation rate

制动波速 braking propagation rate

机车制动机 locomotive brake gear

空气压缩机；风泵 air compressor

调压器 pressure regulator

给风阀 feed valve

减压阀 reducing valve

机车分配阀 locomotive distributing valve

切换阀 transfer valve

滤尘止回阀 strainer check valve

机车紧急放风阀 locomotive emergency vent

valve

高压保安阀 high pressure safety valve

低压保安阀 low pressure safety valve

无载起动电空阀 no-load starting

electropneumatic valve

总风缸 main air reservoir

空气干燥器 air dryer

撒砂装置 sanding device

砂箱 sand box

撒砂阀 sanding valve

撒砂器 sandingsprayer

紧急撒砂 emergency sanding

自动撒砂 automatic sanding

间隙效应 slack action

L/V比值 L/V ratio

弓网关系 pantograph-contact line relation

机车牵引区段 locomotive tractive district

机车交路 locomotive routing

单肩回交路 single-arm routing

双肩回交路 double-arm routing

半循环交路 semi-loop routing

循环交路 loop routing

环形交路 circular routing

短交路 short routing

长交路 long routing

直通交路 through routing

机车乘务制度 locomotive crew working

system

机车包乘制 system of assigning crew to

designated locomotive

机车轮乘制 locomotive crew pooling system

机车随乘制 locomotive caboose crew system

机车乘务组 locomotive crew

司机 driver

副司机 assisant driver

指导司机 driver instructor

司炉 fireman

机车运用指标 index of locomotive operation

机车出入段作业 preparation of locomotive

for leaving and arriving at depot

机车全周转 complete turnround of

locomotive

机车在段停留时间 detention time of

locomotive at depot

机车全周转距离 diatance of one complete

turnround of locomotive

机车全周转时间 period of one complete

turnround of locomotive

机车走行公里 locomotive running kilometers

换算走行公里 converted running kilometers

沿线走行公里 running kilometers on the road

辅助走行公里 auxiliary running kilometers

本务走行公里 leading locomotive running

kilometers

单机走行公里 light locomotive running

kilometers

重联机车走行公里 multi-locomotive running

kilometers

机车日车公里 average daily locomotive

running kilometers

机车平均牵引总重 average gross weight

hauled by locomotive

机车日产量 average daily output of

locomotive

运用机车台数 number of locomotive in

service

机车需要系数 coefficient of locomotives

requirment

单机运行 light locomotive running

双机牵引；双机重联牵引 double locomotive

11 / 37

traction

多机牵引 multi-locomotive traction

主机；本务机车 leading locomotive

辅机 assisting locomotive

补机 banking locomotive

机车超重牵引 traction for train exceed mass

norm

机车调度命令 locomotive diapatching order

机务段运行揭示 running service-bulletin of

depot

司机运转保单 driver’s service-report;

driver’s log

司机室 driver’s cab

司机操纵台 driver’s desk

司机模拟操纵装置 simulator for driver

train-handling

优化操纵 optimum handling; optimum

optimum operation

机车自动操纵 automatic locomotive

operation

机车保养 locomotive maintenance

机车检修 locomotive inspection and repair

机车检修修程 classification of locomotive

repair

机车大修 locomotive overhaul [repair];

locomotive general overhaul

架修 intermediate repair

定修 periodical repair; light repair

蒸汽机车洗修 steam locomotive boiler

washout repair

机车厂修 locomotive repair in works

机车段修 locomotive repair in depot

机车定期修 locomotive periodical repair

日常检查 routine inspection

运行检查；行修 running inspection

机车临修 locomotive temporary repair

定期检修 repair based on time or running

kilometers

状态检修 repair based on condition of

component

换件大修 component exchange repair

配件互换修 repair with interchangeable

component

预防维修制 preventive maintenance system

检修周期 period of inspection and repair

月检 monthly inspection

定检公里 running kilometers between

predetermined repairs

定检时间 time between predetermined repairs

检修范围 scope of repairing course; scope of

repair

超范围修理 repair beyond the scope of

repairing course

检修停时 standing time under repair

集中化修理；集中修 centralization of repair

检修基本技术条件 fundamental technical

requirements for repair and inspection

检修工艺规程 technological regulations for

repair and inspection

检修作业程序 repair procedure; shop

program

磨耗限度 limit of wear

检修限度 locomotive repair limit

第一限度 1st limit

第二限度 2nd limit

使用限度 operation limit

中间工艺检验 intermediate inspection at the

technological process

转向设备 turning facilities

转盘 turntable

机务设备通过能力 carrying capacity of

locomotive facilities

机车专用设备 special equipment for

locomotive operation

部件故障检测；故障诊断 inspection of

component failure; failure diagnostic

机车验收 acceptance of locomotive

机车试运转 locomotive trial run

形式试验 type test

性能试验 performance test

鉴定试验 homologation test

出厂试验 predelivery test

制动试验 brake test

牵引试验 traction test

负载试验 loaded test; load test

牵引热工试验 traction and thermodynamique

de traction

定置试验 stationary test; test at standstill

动力学试验 dynamics test

强度试验 strength test

运用试验 service test; operation test

耐久性试验 durability test

可靠性试验 reliability test

例行试验 routine test

特殊试验 special test

研究性试验 investigation test

抽样试验 sampling test

模拟试验 analogue test

机车履历簿 locomotive logbook

直流电力机车 DC electric locomotive

单向交流电力机车 single-phase AC electric

locomotive

单相工频交流电力机车 single-phase

industrial frequency AC electric locomotive

双电压制电力机车 dual voltage electric

locomotive

双频率制电力机车 dual frequency electric

locomotive

多电流制电力机车 multiple system electric

locomotive

硅整流器电力机车 silicon rectifier electric

locomotive

晶闸管整流器电力机车 thyristor rectifier

electric locomotive

经闸管变流器电力机车 thyristor converter

electric locomotive

电动车组 electric multiple unit; motor coach

set; electric motor train unit

单相交流电动车组 single-phase industrial

frequency AC motor train unit

地下铁道电动车组 subway motor train unit

电流制 current system

直流制 DC system

单相工频交流制 single-phase industrial

frequency AC system

单相低频交流制 single-phase low frequency

AC system

受电弓标称电压 nominal voltage at

pantograph

调压方式 voltage regulation mode

高压侧调压 high voltage regulation

低压侧调压 low voltage regulation

分级调压 stepped voltage regulation

无级调压 stepless voltage regulation

相控调压 phase control

斩波调压 chopper control

变阻调压 rheostatric control

整流方式 mode of rectification

牵引变流器 traction convertor

牵引逆变器 traction invertor

牵引变频器 traction frequency convertor

可调牵引变频器 variable frequency

convertor

直流斩波器 DC chopper

单相桥式整流器 single-phase bridge rectifier

三相桥式整流器 three-phase bridge rectifier

可控桥式整流器 controlled bridge rectifier

对称半控桥式整流器 symmetric

half-controlled bridge rectifier

非对称半控桥式整流器 asymmetric

half-controlled bridge rectifier

多段桥[联结] bridges in cascade; multi

rectifier bridge

硅整流装置 silicon rectifier device

晶闸管整流装置 thyristor rectifier device

励磁整流装置 excitation rectifier device

电力传动方式 mode of electric drive

直流传动 DC drive

交-直流传动 AC-DC drive

交-直-交流传动 AC-DC-AC drive

调速方式 mode of speed control

变压调速 variable voltage speed control

变频调速 variable frequency speed control

变极调速 pole changing speed control

车轴驱动方式 mode of axle drive

弹性齿轮驱动 resilient gear drive

刚性齿轮驱动 solid gear drive

单侧减速齿轮驱动 single reduction gear

drive

双侧减速齿轮驱动 double reduction gear

drive

单电动机驱动 monomotor drive

车轴空心轴驱动 quill drive; hollow axle

drive

电机空心轴驱动 hollow shaft motor drive

万向轴驱动 cardan shaft drive

直接驱动 gearless drive; direct drive

独立驱动 individual drive

组合驱动 coupled axle drive

连杆驱动 rod drive

组合传动机车 coupled axle drive locomotive

独立传动机车 individual drive locomotive

齿轨传动机车；齿条传动机车 rack

locomotive

牵引电动机供电制式 traction motor power

supply system

机车集中供电 locomotive centralized power

supply

转向架独立供电 bogie individual power

supply

电动机独立供电 motor individual power

supply

主电路 power circuit; main circuit

高压电路 high voltage circuit; high tension

circuit

低压电路 low voltage circuit; low tension

circuit

网侧电路 circuit on side of overhead contact

line

牵引电路 traction circuit

制动电路 braking circuit

滤波电路 filter circuit

辅助电路 auxiliary circuit

列车供电电路 power supply circuit for train

控制电路 control circuit

控制电源 control source

蓄电池电路 battery circuit

指令电路 command circuit

照明电路 lighting circuit

仪表电路 instrument circuit

联锁电路 interlocking circuit

信号电路 signal circuit

起动电路 starting circuit

保护电路 protective circuit

电子控制电路 electronic control circuit

电空制动电路 electropneumatic brake

ciucuit；E-P brake circuit

防空转防滑行保护电路 anti-slip/slide

protection circuit

音频通讯电路 audio communication circuit

电连接器 electric coupler

自动电连接器 electric automatic coupler

机车重联电连接器 multi-locomotive electrc

coupler

牵引电动机 traction motor

直流牵引电动机 DC traction motor

脉流牵引电动机 pulsating current traction

motor

交流牵引电动机 AC traction motor

单向交流牵引电动机 single-phase AC

traction motor

三相交流牵引电动机 three phase AC

traction motor

抱轴式牵引电动机 axle hung traction motor;

nose suspension traction motor

架承式牵引电动机 frame mounted traction

motor

转向架架承式牵引电动机 bogie mounted

traction motor

底架架承式牵引电动机 underframe mounted

12 / 37

traction motor

串励电动机 series excited motor

并励电动机 shunt excited motor

复励电动机 compound excied motor

他励电动机 separately excited motor

同步电动机 synchronous motor

异步电动机 asynchronous motor

交流换向器电动机 alternating current

commutator motor

全封闭式电动机 totally-enclosed motor

通风式电动机 ventilated motor

自通风式电动机 self-ventilated motor

强迫通风式电动机 force ventilated motor

直线电动机；线性电动机 linear motor

直线同步电动机 linear synchronous motor

直线异步电动机；直线感应电动机 linear

asynchronous motor; linear induction motor

电动机转速 motor speed

电动机超速 runaway speed

电动机特性 motor characteristic

电动机转矩；电动机扭矩 motor torque

启动转矩 starting torque

峰值转矩 peak torque

制动转矩 braking torque

最大输出功率 maximum output

启动电流 starting current

峰值电流 peak current

标称电压 nominal voltage

变压器电势 transformer EMF

片间平均电压 mean voltage between

segments

片间最高电压 maximum voltage between

segments

满磁场；全磁场 full field

消弱磁场 weakened field

最大磁场 maximum field

最小磁场 minimum field

磁场消弱率 field weakening

磁场消弱系数 coefficient of field weakening

恒功调速比 speed ratio on constant power

转向器 commutator

换向片 commutator segment

电枢线圈 armature coil

均压线 equalizer；cable bond

转轴 shaft

定子 stator

转子 rotor

主极铁心 mainpole core

主极线圈 mainpole coil

换向极铁心 interpole core

换相极线圈 interpole coil

补偿线圈 compensating coil

机座 frame

铸造机座 cast frame

焊接机座 welding frame

半叠片机座 semi-laminated frame

全叠片机座 full-laminated frame

电刷装置 brush gear

刷握 brush-holder

刷盒 brush box

电刷 brush

端盖 end shield

抱轴悬挂装置 suspension bearing

主发电机 main generator

直流主发电机 DC main generator

交流主发电机 main alternator

辅助发电机 auxiliary generator

直流辅助发电机 DC auxiliary generator

直流启动发电机 DC starting generator;

dynastarter

直流控制发电机 DC control generator

直流励磁机 DC exciter

劈相机 Arno converter; phase splitter

辅助电动机 auxiliary motor

直流辅助电动机 DC quxiliary motor

异步辅助电动机 asynchronous auxiliary

motor

空压机电动机 air compressor motor

通风机电动机 blower motor

泵电动机 pump motor

控制电机 control electric machine

伺服电机；伺服马达 servomotor

自整角机 synchro

测速发电机 tachogenerator

机车牵引变压器 traction transformer of

locomotive

心式牵引变压器 core-type traction

transformer

壳式牵引变压器 shell-type traction

transformer

自藕牵引变压器 traction autotransformer

调压牵引变压器 regulating traction

transformer

分接牵引变压器 tapped traction transformer

油浸式牵引变压器 oil-immersed type

traction transformer

整流变压器 rectifier transformer

电源变压器 supply transformer

隔离变压器；绝缘变压器 isolating

transformer

同步变压器 synchronous transformer

脉冲变压器 pulse transformer

控制变压器 control transformer

信号变压器 signal transformer

励磁变压器 excitation transformer

高压绕组 high voltage winding; high tension

winding

低压绕组 low voltage winding; low tension

winding

调压绕组 regulating winding

励磁绕组 excitation winding

辅助绕组 auxiliary winding

列车供电绕组 train coach supply winding

自然循环 natural circulation

强迫循环 forced circulation

强迫导向循环 forced guided circulation

牵引电抗器 traction tractor

平波电抗器 smoothing reactor

过渡电抗器 transition reactor

接地电抗器 earthing reactor; grounding

reactor

制动电抗器 braking reactor

分流电抗器 divert shunt reactor; inductive

shunt

滤波电抗器 filter reactor

均流电抗器 sharing reactor

限流电抗器 inductive reactor; current

limiting reactor

换相电抗器 commutation reactor

起动电阻器 staring resistor

制动电阻器 braking resistor

过渡电阻器 transistion resistor

分流电阻器 divert shunt resistor; shunting

resistor

稳定电阻器 stabilizing resistor

调节电阻器 regulating resistor

制动电阻柜 braking resistor cubicle

制动电阻元件 braking resistor grid

非线性电阻器 non-linear resistor

滤波电容器 filter capacitor

换相电容器 commutating capacitor

保护电容器 protective capacitor

起动电容器 starting capacitor

补偿电容器 compensation capacitor

主断路器 line circuit-breaker

真空主断路器 line vacuum circuit-breaker

空气主断路器 line air-blast circuit-breaker

直流高速断路器 DC high speed

circuit-breaker

受电器 current collector

受电弓 pantograph

单臂受电弓 single arm pantograph

双臂受电弓 double arm pantograph

弓头 pantograph bow

受电弓滑板 pantograph pan

弓角 pantograph horn

受电弓气缸 pantograph cylinder

支持绝缘子 supporting insulator

第三轨受电器 conductor rail collector

受电靴装置 shoegear

集电靴 collector shoe

电磁接触器 electromagnetic contactor

直流接触器 DC contactor

交流接触器 AC contactor

电空接触器 electropneumatic contactor

组合接触器 grouping contactor

线路接触器 line contactor

磁场削弱接触器 field weakening contactor

制动接触器 braking contactor

励磁接触器 excitation contactor

辅助接触器 auxiliary contactor

调压开关 tap changer

低压调压开关 low voltage tap changer; low

tension tap changer

高压调压开关 high voltage tap changer; high

tension tap changer

位置转换开关 position changeover switch

鼓形位置转换开关 drum position

changeover switch

凸轮位置转换开关 cam position changeover

switch

牵引-制动位转换开关 power/brake

changeover switch

反向器 reverser

电流制转换开关 current system changeover

switch

主电路库用转换开关 main circuit transfer

switch for shed supply

辅助电路库用转换开关 auxiliary circuit

transfer switch for shed supply

短路器 short-circuiting device

接地开关 earthing switch

牵引电动机隔离开关 traction motor isolating

switch

受电弓隔离开关 pantograph isolating switch

主整流柜隔离开关 isolating switch for main

silicon rectifier cubicle

劈相机故障隔离开关 fault isolating switch

for phase splitter

控制电源隔离开关 isolating switch for

control supply

司机控制器 driver controller

调车控制器 shunting controller

电空制动控制器 E-P brake controller

按键开关 button switch; key switch

自复式按键开关 self-reset push-key switch

非自复式按键开关 non-self-reset push-key

switch

主按键开关组 main button switch group;

main key switch set

副按键开关组 secondary push-key switch

group; secondary key switch set

电磁阀 electromagnetic valve

电空阀 clectropneumatic valve

电液阀 electro-hydraulic valve

保护阀 protective valve

受电弓电空阀 pantograph valve

防空转撒沙电空阀 anti-slip sanding valve

防空转防滑行保护装置 anti-slip/slide

protection device

轴重转移补偿装置 axle load transfer

compensation device

功率因数补偿装置 power factor

compensation device

电压继电器 voltage relay

电流继电器 current relay

时间继电器 time relay

中间继电器 intermediate relay

速度继电器 speed relay

温度继电器 temperature relay

压力继电器 pressure relay

欠电压继电器 under-voltage relay

过电流继电器 over-current relay

转速继电器 tachometric relay

流速继电器 flow relay

接地继电器 earth fault relay

风压继电器 air pressure relay

油压继电器 oil-pressure relay

起动继电器 starting relay

主电路库用插座 main circuit socket for shed

13 / 37

supply

辅助电路库用插座 auxiliary circuit socket

for shed supply

控制电路库用插座 control circuit socket for

shed supply

重联插座 multiple unit socket

印制电路板插座 printed circuit board socket

电压调整器 voltage regulator

温度调整器 temperature regulator

位置指示器 notch indicator

数字显示器 digital display

司机室取暖电炉 driver's cab electric heater

司机室热风装置 driver's cab air heater

司机室空调装置 driver's cab air conditioner

电热玻璃 electric heating glass

电测仪表 electrical measuring instrument

牵引电机电压表 traction motor voltmeter

牵引电机电流表 traction motor ammeter

励磁电流表 excitation ammeter

网侧电压表 voltmeter on side of overhead

contact line; overhead side voltmeter

辅助电路电压表 auxiliary circuit voltmeter

控制电源电压表 control supply voltmeter

控制电源电流表 control supply ammeter

机车速度表 locomotive speedometer

单相电度表 single-phase wat-hour meter

速度记录仪 tachograph

传感器 sensor; transducer

电压传感器 voltage sensor

电流传感器 current sensor

压力传感器 pressure sensor

速度传感器 speed sensor

温度传感器 temperature sensor

直流电流互感器 DC current transformer

阀形避雷器 valve type arrester

放电器 discharger

轮缘喷油器 flange lubricator

接地安全棒 earthing pole

接地回流电刷 earth return brush

前照灯 head lamp; head light

副前照灯 subhead lamp; dim head light

标志灯 marker lamp

走行部灯 bogie lamp

车号灯 side number plate lamp

路签灯 train staff lamp

记事灯 writing lamp

照明灯 illuminating lamp

指示灯 indicator lamp

风喇叭 air horn

高音风喇叭 high tone air horn

低音风喇叭 low tone air horn

警笛 siren

警惕装置 vigilance device

机车组装后的检查与试验 inspection and

test of locomotive after completion of

construction

一般性检查 general inspection

称重试验 weighing test

压缩空气设备全面的气密性试验 test for

over-all air-tightness of compressed air

equipments

车体及外部装备密封试验 test for sealing of

body and external equipment

受电弓试验 pantograph test

介电强度试验 dielectric test

事故预防措施的检查 checks for prevention

of accidents

安全设备试验 test on safety equipments

蓄电池充电系统试验 checks of battery

charging-arrangement

通风冷却试验 test on ventilation and cooling

空气制动试验 test on air brake

曲线通过实验 curve negotiation test

机车振动参数测试 measurements of

vibration parameters

辅助机组试验 test on auxiliary machines

机车调速试验 test on speed regulation

主电路短路保护系统试验 test on

short-circuit protection system of main circuit

主电路过载保护系统试验 test on overload

protection system of main circuit

内部过电压试验 test on internal overvoltage

外部过电试验 test on external overvoltage

机车功率试验 locomotive [traction] power

test

机车功率因数测定 measurment of power

factor

机车效率测定 measurement of efficiency of

locomotive

谐波电流百分比测定 measurement of

percentage of harmonic current

起动加速试验 starting and acceleration test

运行阻力试验 test for running resistance

电气制动试验 electric braking test

滤尘效果试验 test on filter efficiency

撒沙装置试验 test on sanding gear

重联运行试验 test on coupled operation; test

on multi unit operation

司机室工作条件检查 check on working

conditions in the driver's cab

机械转动内燃机车 diesel-mechanical

locomotive

液力传动内燃机车 diesel-hydraulic

locomotive

电力传动内燃机车 diesel-electric locomotive

内燃动车组 diesel coach set

柴油机 diesel engine

二冲程柴油机 two stroke diesel engine

四冲程柴油机 four stroke diesel engine

低速柴油机 low speed diesel engine

中速柴油机 medium speed diesel engine

高速柴油机 high speed diesel engine

增压柴油机 supercharged diesel engine

废气 涡轮增压柴油机 turbocharged diesel

engine

机械增压柴油机 engine-driven supercharged

diesel engine

两级增压柴油机 two-stage supercharged

diesel engine

复合式柴油机 compound-supercharged

diesel engine

直列式柴油机 straight type diesel engine; in

line type diesel engine

对活塞式柴油机 opposed-piston type diesel

engine

V型柴油机 V-type diesel engine

H型柴油机 H-type diesel engine

水冷柴油机 water-cooled diesel engine

气缸直径 cylinder bore diameter

曲柄半径 crank radius

活塞行程 piston stroke

行程缸径比 stroke/bore ratio

连杆长度 length of connecting rod

连杆比 connecting rod length/crank radius

ratio

上止点 top dead point; upper dead center

下止点 bottom dead point; lower dead center

内止点 inner dead point; inner dead center

外止点 outer dead point; outer dead center

气缸最大容积 maximum stroke volume

气缸最小容积 minimum stroke volume

气缸工作容积 stroke volume

总排量 total displacement

充量 charge

工质 working substance; medium

工作循环 working cycle

进气行程 intake stroke

压缩行程 compression stroke

膨胀行程 expansion stroke

排气行程 exhaust stroke

配气相位；配气定时 valve timing

换气过程 scavenging period

扫气泵扫气 blower scavenging

扫气压力 scavenging pressure

进气温度 intake temperature

进气压力 intake pressure

缸盖出口废气温度 exhaust temperature at

cylinder head outlet

涡轮入口废气温度 exhaust temperature at

turbine inlet

涡轮入废气压力 exhaust pressure at turbine

inlet

涡轮膨胀比 expansion ratio of turbine

排气温度 exhaust temperature

排气背压 exhaust back pressure

残余废气 residual gas

残余废气系数 coefficient of residual gas

充量系数 coefficient of charge

扫气系数 coefficient of scavenging

过量空气系数 excess air factor

空燃比 air/fuel ratio

扫气效率 scavenging efficiency

压缩始点压力 compression beginning

pressure

压缩终点压力 compression terminal pressure

压缩始点温度 compression beginning

temperature

压缩终点温度 compression terminal

temperature

压缩多变指数 polytropic index of

compression

压缩比 compression ratio

有效压缩比 effective compression ratio

最高燃烧温度 maximum combustion

temperature

最高爆发压力 maximum explosive pressure;

peak pressure; maximum firing pressure

压力升高比 pressure step-up ratio; rate of

pressure rise

膨胀终点温度 expansion terminal

temperature

膨胀终点压力 expansion terminal pressure

膨胀多变指数 polytropic index of expansion

放热规律 law of heat release

热平衡 heat balance; thermo balance

示功图 indicator diagram

示功图丰满系数 fullness coefficient of

indicator diagram

工作过程 working process

指示功 indicated work

指示燃油消耗率 indicared specific fuel

consumption

有效燃油消耗率 effective specific fuel

consumption

燃油消耗量 fuel consumption

机油消耗率 specific oil consumption

机油消耗量 oil consumption

空气消耗量 air consumption

空气消耗率 specific air consumption

发火次序 firing order

定时 timing

燃烧过程 combustion process

点火 ignition

雾化 atomization

喷油速率 injection rate

喷油规律 law of injection

喷油持续角 continuous injection angle

供油提前角 advance angle of fule supply

喷油提前角 injection advance angle

滞燃期 conbustion lagging period;

combusting delay period

显燃期 sensible combustion period

后燃期 after burning period

增压 supercharging

增压压力 supercharging pressure

增压比 supercharging ratio

废气涡轮增压 exhaust turbocharging

机械增压 engine-driven supercharging

定压增压 constant pressure charging

脉冲增压 pulse charging

增压中冷 charge inter-cooling

增压器出口温度 discharge temperature of

supercharger

增压度 degree of turbocharging; degree of

supercharging

喘振 surge

时间-面积值 time-area value

直接喷射燃烧室 direct injection combustion

chamber

涡轮室式燃烧室 swirl combustion chamber

14 / 37

预燃室式燃烧室 precombustion chamber;

pre-chamber

球型燃烧室 spherical combustion chamber

ω型燃烧室 toroidal combustion chamber

盆形燃烧室 bowl [shaped] combustion

chamber

挤压涡流 extruding swirl

进气涡流 intake swirl

积炭 carbon deposit

结胶 caking

柴油机爆燃；柴油机工作粗暴 engine

detonation

敲缸 knock

废气净化 exhaust purification

排气烟度 exhaust smoke density

持续功率 continuous power

修正功率 corrected power

指示功率 indicated power

有效功率 effective power

机械损失功率 mechanical loss power

最大功率 maximum power

单缸功率 power per cylinder

升功率 volume power

活塞面积 piston area

单位活塞面积功率 piston unit area power

储备功率 reserve power

功率储备系数 coefficient of reaerve power

平均指示压力 mean indicated pressure

平均有效压力 mean effective pressure

平均机械损失压力 mean mechanical loss

pressure

机械效率 mechanicial efficiency

指示热效率 indicated thermal efficiency

有效热效率 useful thermal efficiency

标称转速 nominal speed

最低空载稳定转速 minimum idling

stabilized speed

转速波动率 rate of speed fluctuation

瞬时调速率 instantaneous speed change rate

活塞平均速度 mean piston speed

热负荷 thermal load

机械负荷 mechanical load

强化系数 coefficient of intensification

烟度 limit of smoke

柴油机净重 net weight of diesel engine

穴蚀 cavitation

窜机油 lubricating oil carry-over

窜气 vlow-by

拉缸 piston scraping

抱缸 piston seizure

飞车 run away

标准大气状况 standard atmospheric

condition

环境温度 ambient temperature

相对湿度 relative humidity

柴油机特性 diesel engine characteristic

负荷特性；负载特性 load characteristic

速度特性 speed characteristic

万有特性 universal characteristic

调速特性；外特性；全负荷速度特性 speec

regulation characteristics

空载特性 no-load characteristic

台架试验 stand test; bench test

磨合 running-in

柴油机起动试验 diesel engine starting test

各缸均匀性试验 cylinder power equalizing

test

最低工作稳定转速试验 minimum steady

speed test

最低空载转速试验 minimum no-load speed

test

热平衡试验 heat balance test

超负荷试验 over-load test

增压器配机试验 turbocharger matching test

机体 engine block; main frame

气缸体 cylinder block

曲轴箱 crankcase

曲轴箱呼吸器 crankcase breather

柴油机支座 engine support

油底壳 oil pan; oil sump

曲轴箱防爆门 explosion-proof door of

crankcase

油气分离器 oil separator

活塞冷却喷嘴 piston cooling nozzle

气缸 cylinder

气缸套 cylinder liner

水套 water jacket

扫气箱 scavenging box

连接箱 connecting box

泵支承箱 pump supporting box

主轴承 main bearing

主轴承座 main bearing seat; main bearing

housing

主轴承盖 main bearing cap

止推轴承盖 thrust bearing cap

主轴瓦 main bearing shell

止推轴瓦 thrust bearing shell

止推环 thrust ring

主轴承螺栓 main bearing stud

主轴承螺母 main bearing nut

曲轴 crankshaft

主轴颈 crank journal; main journal

曲柄销 crank pin

曲柄臂 crank arm

曲柄 crank

曲轴平衡块 crankshafr counter balance

飞轮 flywheel

曲轴减振器 crankshsft vibration damper

硅油减振器 silicon oil damper

硅油弹簧减振器 silicon spring damper

摆式减振器 pendulum damper

弹簧式减振器 spring damper

活塞 piston

整体活塞 one-piece piston

组合 composite piston

活塞体 piston body

活塞头 piston head

活塞裙 piston skirt

活塞衬套 piston bush

活塞环 piston ring

气环 gas ring

油环 oil ring

活塞销 piston pin

连杆 connecting rod

连杆体 connecting rod body

连杆衬套 connecting rod bush

连杆轴瓦 connecting rod bearing shell

连杆盖 connecting rod cap

连杆螺栓 connecting rod bolt

连杆螺母 connecting rod nut

主连杆 main connecting rod

副连杆 auxiliary connecting rod

气缸盖 cylinder head

气缸盖螺栓 cylinder head stud

气缸盖螺母 cylinder head nut

预燃室 precombustion chamber

预燃室喷嘴 precombustion chamber nozzle

示公阀 indicator valve

气门 valve

进气门 inlet valve

排气门 exhaust valve

气门弹簧 valve spring

气门座 valve seat

气门导管 valve guide

气门摇臂 valve rocker

气门横臂 valve cross arm

气门推杆 valve push rod

气门挺柱 valve tappet

滚轮摇臂 roller rocker

气门旋转机构 valve rotating mechanism

凸轮轴 camshaft

进气凸轮 inlet cam

排气凸轮 exhaust cam

喷油嘴凸轮 injection pump cam

曲轴正时齿轮 crankshaft timing gear

凸轮轴正时齿轮 camshaft timing gear

调速器驱动齿轮；调速器传动齿轮 governor

drive gear

喷油泵驱动齿轮；喷油泵传动齿轮 injection

pump drive gear

喷油泵传动装置 injection pump transmission

mechanism

自动喷调装置 injection timer

喷油泵 injection pump

柱塞偶件 plunger matching parts

柱塞 plunger matching parts

柱塞套 plunger sleeve

出油阀偶件 delivery valve matching parts

出油阀 delivery valve

出油阀座 delivery valve seat

喷油器 fuel injector

喷油嘴偶件 injector nozzle matching parts

喷油嘴针阀 nozzle needle valve

喷油嘴针阀体 nozzle needle valve body

喷油嘴滤芯 injector filter core

高压油管 high pressure fuel pipe

调速器 governor

调速系统 speed-governing system

调速伺服系统 speed-governing

servomechanism

功率调节系统 power regulating system

转速表传动装置 transmission gear of

tachometer

柴油机转速表 diesel engine tachometer

起动加速器 starting accelerator

控制机构 control mechanism

超速停车装置 overspeed trip

紧急停车装置 emergency stop mechanism

盘车机构 barring mechanism; barring gear

滑动式盘车机构 sliding type barring

mechanism

回转式盘车机构 rotary type barring

mechanism

涡轮增压器 turbocharger

压气机 blower

导风轮 inducer

压气机叶轮 blower impeller

废气涡轮 exhaust turbine

喷嘴环 nozzle ring

扩压器 diffuser

中冷器 intercooler

进气管 air inlet pipe

进气稳压箱 air inlet pressure stabilizing

chamber

排气总管 exhaust manifold

排气支管 exhaust branch pipe

排气箱 exhaust box

波纹管 bellows

消声器 noise silencer; muffler

扫气泵 scavenging pump

液力传动 hydraulic transmission

单循环液力传动 single-circuit hydraulic

transmission

多循环液力传动 multi-circuit hydraulic

transmission

液力机械传动 hydromechanical drive

单流液力机械传动 hydromechanical drive

with inner ramification

双流液力机械传动 gydromechanical drive

with outer ramification

混合液力机械传动 hydromechanical drive

with dierct step

液力传动系统 hydraulic transmission system

液力传动箱 hydraulic transmission gear box

液力转向传动箱 hydrodynamic reverser

主弹性联轴节 main elastic coupling

中间齿轮箱 intermediate gear box

车轴齿轮箱 axle gear box

起动变扭器；起动变矩器 starting torque

converter

运转变扭器；运转变矩器 running torque

converter

液力循环元件 hydraulic unit

液力偶合器 hydraulic coupler

液力制动器 hydraulic brake

液力变扭器；液力变矩器 hydraulic torque

converter

变扭比；变矩比 torque ratio

泵轮 pump impeller

涡轮 turbine

15 / 37

导轮 guide wheel

工作轮 blade wheel

输入轴 input shaft

变扭器轴；变矩器轴 torque converter shaft

输出轴 output shaft

换向轴 reversing shaft

供油泵 oil feed pump

换挡 changeover governor

液力制动阀 hydrodynamic brake valve

液力制动操纵阀 hydrodynamic brake

operating valve

充量限制阀 filling limiting valve

闸板阀 gate valve

闸板转换阀 gate change-over valve

换向限止阀 standstill detector valve

温度调节阀 temperature regulating valve

控制阀 control pump

惰行阀 idle running pump

冷却水泵 cooling water pump

膨胀水箱 expansion tank; expansion drum

散热器 radiator

冷却风扇 cooling fan

预热锅炉 preheating boiler

燃油输送泵 fuel feed pump

燃油粗滤器 fuel prefilter

燃油精滤器 fuel precision filter

机油泵 lubricating oil pump

起动机油泵 starting lubricating oil pump

辅助机油泵 auxiliary lubricating oil pump

高压机油泵 high pressure lubricating oil

pump

机油滤清器 lubricating oil filter

机油粗滤器 lubricating prefilter

离心式机油滤清器 centrifugal oil filter

增压器机油滤清器 oil precision filter for

turbocharger

机油热交换器 lubricating oil heat exchanger

油浴式空气滤清器 oil bath air filter

钢板网式空气滤清器 steel sheet mesh type

air filter

旋风筒式空气滤清器 cyclone type air filter

磨擦离合器 friction clutch

离合器操纵装置 clutch operating device

静液压泵 hydrostatic pump

静液压马达 hydrostatic motor

安全阀 safety valve

百叶窗油缸 oil cylinder of shutter

车架 frame

机车牵引梁 draw beam

前窗 front window

侧窗 side window

司机座椅 driver's chair

动力室 power room

冷却室 cooling room

电器室 electric apparatus room

内走廊；通道 inside corridor; gangway

外走廊 outside corridor; running board

排障器 pilot; life guard

路签授受器 staff exchanger; tablet exchanger

刮雨器 windshield wiper; windscreen wiper

遮阳板 sun-shield

燃油箱 fuel tank

油位表 fuel level gage

油尺 fuel dipstick

轴箱轴承 axle box bearing

轴端轴承 axle end bearing

抱轴轴承 axle hung bearing; suspension

bearing

抱轴瓦 axle suspension bush

传动齿轮 transmission gear

主动齿轮 driving gear

从动齿轮 driven gear

牵引装置 draw gear

索引杆 draw bar

燃煤机车 coal fired locomotive

煤粉机车 pulverized coal locomotive; fine

coal locomotive

煤气机车 gas fired locomotive

单胀式蒸汽机车 single expansion steam

locomotive

复胀式蒸汽机车 compound expansion steam

locomotive

模数牵引力 modulus of tractive effort

指示牵引力 indecated tractive effort

锅炉牵引力 boiler tractive effort

汽缸牵引力 cylinder tractive effort

临界牵引力 critical tractive effort

指示压力系数 coefficient of indicated

pressure

遮断比；断汽 cut-off

计算遮断比 calculated cut-off

蒸汽机车热工特性 thermo-characteristic of

steam locomotive

蒸发量 evaporation capacity

供汽量 evaporation capacity for engine

蒸发率 rate of evaporation

供汽率 rate of evaporation for engine

计算供汽率 calculated rate of evaporation for

engine

燃烧率 rate of conbustion; rate of firing

放热率 rate of heat release

混煤 mixed coal

型煤 moulded coal

水煤浆 coal water slurry；coal water mixture

煤的技术当量 equivalence of coal

锅炉热平衡 boiler heat balance

不完全燃烧热损失 heat loss due to

incomplete combustion

机械不完全燃烧热损失 heat loss due to

combustibles in refuse

排烟热损失 heat loss due to exhaust gas

散热损失 heat dissipation

锅炉总效率 total boiler efficiency

锅炉净效率 net boiler efficiency

燃烧效率 combustion efficiency

通风效率 drafting efficiency

机车锅炉 locomotive boiler

火箱 firebox

外火箱 outside firebox; outer fierbox

内火箱 inside fierbox; inner fierbox

外火箱顶板 roof sheet

内火箱顶板 crown sheet

后板 back sheet

喉板 throat sheet

侧板 side sheet

底圈 mud ring

炉床 grate

炉口 fire hole

炉门 fire door

拱砖 arch brick

拱砖管 arch tube

炉撑 stay

拉撑；斜撑 brace

火箱管板；指后管板 firebox tube sheet

灰箱 ashpan

锅胴 boiler barrel course

大烟管 flue [tube]

小烟管 [smoke] tube

烟箱 smokebox

烟箱管板；指前管板 smokebox tube sheet

通风装置 drafting apparatus

矩形通风装置；扁烟筒 oblong ejector; Giesl

ejector

乏汽喷口 exhaust nozzle

乏汽喷口座 exhaust nozzle seat

外烟筒 smokestack; chimney

内烟筒 stack extension

裙筒 apron shell

送风器 blower

垂直板；垂直反射板 diaphragm plate;

deflecting plate

`水平板；水平反射板 horizontal plate; table

plate

前垂板 draft plate

火星网 spark arrester netting

烟箱大门 smokebox front

烟箱小门 smokebox door

挡烟板 smoke deflector

过热管 superheater tube

过热箱 superheater header

饱和蒸汽室 saturated chamber

过热蒸汽室 superheater chamber

主蒸汽管 steam pipe

调整阀；汽门 regulator valve; throttle valve

先开阀 pilot valve

主阀 main valve

扇形齿板 quadrant

干燥管 dry pipe

空气预热装置 air preheater

给水装置 feed water rigging

吸上式注水器 attraction injector

非吸上式注水器 non-attraction injector

给水预热装置 feed water heater

混合式给水预热装置 mixed feed water

heater

递热器; 混合室 combining chamber

冷水泵 cold water pump

热水泵 hot water pump

止回阀 boiler check valve

放水阀；排水阀 blow off valve

洗炉堵 washout plug

锅炉安全装置 boiler safety device

水表 water gage

水柱 water column

易熔塞; 铅堵 fuseble plug

蒸汽塔 turret

汽笛 whistle

汽缸套 cylinder bushing

汽缸前盖 front cylinder head

汽缸后盖 back cylinder head

汽缸鞍 cylinder saddle

汽室 steam chest; valve chest

汽室套 steam chest bushing

填料 packing

汽缸排水阀 cylinder drain valve

十字头 crosshead

十字头扁销 crosshead key

十字头圆销 crosshead pin

滑板 guide; slide bar; slip sheet

多滑面滑板 multiple bearing type guide

摇杆 main rod

蒸汽机车连杆 steam locomotive side rod

肘销 knuckle pin

华氏阀装置 walschaerts valve gear

汽阀 piston valve

固定式汽阀 rigid piston valve

分动式汽阀 adjustable piston valve；

偏心杆 eccentric rod

月牙板 reverse link; quadrant link

半径杆 radius bar; radius rod

合并杆 combination lever

结合杆 union link; connection link

月牙板滑块 reverse linkblock; die block

动力回动机 power reverse gear

回动手把 reverse lever

回动拉杆 reverse pull rod

板式车架 plate frame

棒式车架 bar frame

主车架片 main frame

后车架片 rear frame

轴箱托板 pedestal brace

前缓冲铁 front bumper

后缓冲铁 rear bumper

锅腰托板 waist sheet

滑台 expansion shoe

后膨胀板 rear expansion sheet

动轴箱 driving box

动轴箱平铁 driving box shoe

动轴箱楔铁 driving box wedge

自动调整楔铁装置 automatic conpensator

主动轮对 main driving wheel set

主曲拐销 main crank pin

偏心曲拐 eccentric crank

从动轮对 driven wheel set

导轮转向架 leading truck

导轮对 leading truck wheel set

摇枕 swing bolster

摇鞍 swing rocker

从轮转向架 trailing truck

从轮对 trailing wheel set

16 / 37

复原装置 centering device

粘着重量增加器 booster

煤水车 tender

水柜 water tank

煤槽 fuel space; coal bin

煤水车转向架 tender truck

水柜阀 tank valve

中间牵引装置 intermediate draw gear

中间缓冲装置 intermediate buffer

加煤机 stoker

推煤机 coal pusher

压油机 mechanical lubricator

涡轮发电机 turbo-generator

风动摇炉装置 pneumatic grate shaking

rigging

锅炉蒸发面积 boiler evaporative heating

surface

锅炉过热面积 boiler super geating surface

锅炉散热面积 boiler heat dissipating surface

炉床面积 grate area

锅炉水位 boiler water level

阀行程 valve travel

导程 lead

进汽余面 ateam lap

排汽余面 exhaust lap

阀调整 valve setting

阀动图 valve diagram; Zeuner valve diagram

阀动椭圆图 valve ellipse

锅炉借水 running at dropping water level

白水表行车 running without water in gage

汽水共腾 priming

水锤 water hammer

逆向牵引 backward haulage

单相工频交流电力牵引制 single-phase

induatrial frequency AC electric traction

system

直流电力牵引制 DC electric traction system

电力牵引供电系统 power supply system of

electric traction

电力牵引远动系统 electric traction

telemechanical system; electric traction remote

control system

牵引网 traction electric network

视在单位能耗 specific apparent energy

consumption

列车带电运行时分 train running time on

load

直接供电方式 direct feeding system

带回流线的直接供电方式 direct feeding

system with return wire

吸流变压器供电方式 booster tansformer

feeding system

自耦变压器供电方式 autotransformer

feeding system

单回路供电 single circuit power supply

双回路供电 double circuit power supply

分支接线 branch connection

桥形接线 bridge connection

换相联接 exchange phase connection; phase

alternating connection

牵引变压器 traction transformer

三相YN；dll接线牵引变压器 traction

transformer of three-phase YN; d11 connection

三相三绕组接线牵引变压器 traction

transformer of threephase three winding

connection

单相V/V接线牵引变压器 traction

transformer of singlephase V/V connection

单相接线牵引变压器 traction transformer of

singlephase connection

斯柯特接线牵引变压器 traction transformer

of Scott connection

伍德布里奇接线牵引变压器 traction

transformer of Wood Bridge connection

三相十字交叉接线牵引变压器 traction

transformer of cross connection with

threephase

单边供电 one way feeding

双边供电 two way feeding

越区供电 over-zone feeding

集中供电方式 centralized power supply 链形悬挂 overhead contact line with catenary; 弹簧补偿器 spring tensioner

system

分散供电方式 diversified power supply

system

移动备用方式 movable reservation system

固定备用方式 fixed reaservation system

串联电容补偿装置 compensator with series

capacitance

并联电容补偿装置 compensator with parallel

capacitance

有载自动调节 autoregulation on load

补偿装置的电抗比 reactance ratio of

compensator

滤波装置 filter

电压自动补偿装置 autoregulation voltage

compensator

滞后相供电臂 laging phase feeding section

引前相供电臂 leading phase feeding section

分相装置 neutral section

电分段装置 section point

供电线 feeder

自耦变压器供电线 AT-feeder

载流承力索 current-carrying catenary

牵引回流电路 traction return current circuits

回流线 return wire

分相回流线 split return wire

保护线 protective wire

保护线用连接线 crossbond of protective

wire

吸流变压器 booster transformer; BT

自耦变压器 autotransformer; AT

吸上线 boosting cable

列车平均电流 average current of train

列车有效电流 effective current of train; r.m.s.

current of train

列车带电平均电流 average current of

charging train

供电臂平均电流 average current of feeding

section

供电臂有效电流 effective current of feeding

section

供电臂干扰计算电流 disturbing calculation

current of feeding section

供电臂短路电流 short-circuit current of

feeding section

供电臂瞬时最大电流 instantaneous

maximum current of feeding section

供电臂最大负荷电流 maximum load current

of feeding section

牵引变电所标称电压 nominal voltage of

traction substation

接触网最高电压 maximum voltage of

overhead contact line

接触网标称电压 nominal voltage of

overhead contact line

接触网最低电压 minimum voltage of

overhead contact line

事故状态的接触网最低电压 minimum

voltage of overhead contact line at accident

condition

牵引网阻抗 impedance of traction electric

network

电分段装置 sectioning

牵引回流轨 traction return current rail

钢轨对地电位 rail potential to ground

钢轨连接器 rail joint bond

火花间隙 spark gap

接地保护放电装置 earth protection

discharger

牵引变电所 traction substation; SS

直流牵引变电所 DC traction substation

交流牵引变电所 AC traction substation

移动牵引变压器 movable traction

transformer

移动牵引变电所 movable traction substation

开闭所 sub-section post; SSP

自耦变压器所 auto-transformer post; ATP

分区所 section post; SP

接触网 overhead contact line equipment

接触网悬挂 overhead contact line; catenary

longitudinal suspension

简单悬挂 tramway type suspension

equipment

弹性简单悬挂 stitched tramway type

suspension equipment

斜链形悬挂 inclined catenary; srew catenary

直链形悬挂 polygonal catenary

弹性链形悬挂 stitched catenary equipment

全补偿链形悬挂 auto-tensioned catenary

equipment

半补偿链形悬挂 semi-auto-tensioned

catenary equipment

双链形悬挂 compound catenary equipment

承力索 catenary

辅助承力索 auxiliary catenary

横承力索 headspan wire

定位索 registration wire

接触线 contact wire

附加导线 additive wire

加强线 line feeder

承力索终端锚固线夹 termination fitting for

catenary

接触线终端锚固线夹 termination fitting for

contact wire

承力索接头线夹 catenary splice

接触线接头线夹 contact wire splice

横承力索线夹 headspan wire clamp

吊环 suspension ring

电连接 electrical connector

电连接线夹 electrically connecting clamp

接触线电连接线夹 electrically connecting

clamp for contact wire

接触网架空地线 overhead earth wire

接地线夹 earth clamp

棒式绝缘子 strut insulator; rod insulator

双重绝缘棒式绝缘子 double strut insulator;

double rod insulator

腕臂 cantilever

旋转腕臂 hinged cantilever

腕臂底座 cantilever base

拉杆[压管] upper cantilever

拉杆底座 bracket base

调节板 regulating plate

套管铰环 sleeve with clevis and ring

钩头鞍子 hook-type saddle

杵座鞍子 socket-type saddle

定位装置 registration device

定位管 registration arm

定位器 steady arm

软定位器 pull-off arm

定位环 steady ring

定位线夹 steady ear

正定位 pull-off mode

反定位 push-off mode

支持器 supporter

杵环杆 bar with ball and eye; ball-socket bar

拉出值 stagger

吊弦 hanger

吊弦线夹 hanger ear

吊索 dropper

线岔 overhead crossing

硬横跨 portal structure

软横跨 headspan suspension

中间柱 single suspension mast

转换柱 transition mast

绝缘转换柱 insulatid transition mast

非绝缘转换柱 uninsulated transition mast

中心柱 center mast

锚柱 anchor mast

道岔柱 turnout mast

定位柱 registration mast

分相绝缘器 neutral section insulator

接触网故障探测装置 fault locator for

overhead contact line equipment

悬吊滑轮 suspension pulley

补偿滑轮 tension pulley

定滑轮装置 fixed pulley

坠铊 balance weight

坠铊补偿器 balance weight tensioner

17 / 37

锚段 tension length

中心锚结 mid-point anchor

中心锚结线夹 mid-point anchor clamp

防窜装置 anticreeping device

锚固装置 anchor fitting

锚段关节 overlap

绝缘锚段关节 insulated overlap

非绝缘锚段关节 uninsulated over-lap

同侧下锚 same-side anchor

异侧下锚 different-side anchor

限界门 warning portal

导线安装曲线 wire installation curve

当量跨距 equivalent span length

张力增量 tension increment

绝缘间隙 insulation gap

支柱侧面限界 mast gauge

冷滑 cold-running

热滑 hot-running

硬点 hard spot

铅锤弹性 vertical elasticity; vertical

resilience

横向弹性 lateral elasticity; lateral resilience

受电弓上抬力 pantograph upthrust;

pantograph static contact force

受电弓空气动力效应 aerodynamic effects of

pantograph

离线 contact loss

离线率 contact loss rate

承力索弛度 catenary sag

接触线弛度 contact wire sag

接触线预留弛度 contact wire pre-sag

接触线最大水平偏移值 maximum horizontal

displacement of contact wire

结构高度 system height; encumbrance

供电段 section for power supply

供电领工区 fore work district for power

supply

接触网工区 maintenance gang for catenary

远动工区 work district for telemechanical

system

公铁两用检修车 road-railway repairing

vehicle

接触网测试车 measuring car for overhead

contact line equipment

接触网检修车 repairing car for overhead

contact line equipment

变电所测试车 srbstation testing car

绝缘子清洗车 insulator cleaning car

绝缘梯车 insulated ladder trolley

危险影响 dangerous influence

磁感应 magnetic induction

电感应 electric induction

地电流影响; 属于阻性耦合 influence of

ground current

影响电流 influencing current

静电感应电流 electrostatic induced current

漏泄电流；迷流 leakage current

纵电动势 lingitudunal electro-motive force

对地电压 voltage to ground

互感系数；磁耦合系数 mutual inductance

coefficient

互感阻抗 mutual inductive impedance

视在大地导电率 apparent earth conductivity

大地电阻率 earth resistivity

屏蔽系数 shielding factor

综合屏蔽系数 combination shielding factor

钢轨屏蔽系数 shielding factor of track

桥隧屏蔽系数 shielding factor of bredge and

tunnel

电缆屏蔽系数 shielding factor of cable

架空底线屏蔽系数 shielding factor of aerial

earth wire

终端效应 terminal effect

接近长度 approach length

接近距离 separation distance

平行接近 parallelism approach

斜接近 oblique exposure

斜接近段长度 oblique exposure length

斜接近段的等效距离 equivalent distance of

the oblique exposure

交叉跨越 crossing

电气化干扰 electrification interference

干扰影响 disturbing influence

等效干扰电源 equivalent disturbing current

敏感系数 sinsitivity coefficient

中和变压器 neutralizing transformer

幻通谐振变压器 phantom resonant

transformer

屏蔽变压器 reduction transformer

杂音抑制线圈 noise suppression coil

杂音抑制器 noise suppressor

防护滤波器 protection filter

有源降压装置 active degrade voltage

apparatus

阳[电]极 anode

防护 protection

半段效应 half section effect

无线电噪声 radio noise

宽带干扰 broadband interference

窄带干扰 narrowband interference

干扰源 interference source

抗扰度 immunitry to interference

防护率 protection ratio

干扰测量仪 interference meter

屏蔽体 shield

屏蔽 shielding

横电磁波小室 cross electromagnetic wave

small room

电磁屏蔽暗室 electromagnetic sheilding

darkroom

电磁环境 electromagnetic environment

频谱特性 spectrum character

横向传播特性 cross propagation

characteristic

倍程衰减 double attenuation

倍频衰减 frequency doubling attenuation

背景噪声场强 background noise field

strength

防护间距 protection distance

电耦合系数 electric coupling coefficient

开式简单循环燃气轮机 open simple cycle

gas turbine

开式回热循环燃气轮机 open regenerative

cycle gas turbine

单轴燃气轮机 single-shaft gas turbine

分轴燃气轮机 split-shaft gas turbine

变几何燃气轮机 variable-geometry gas

turbine

轴向推力 axial thrust

盘车 barring

热挂 thermal blockage

燃气发生器 gas generator

回热器 regenerator

报警保护系统 alarm and protection system

轴向位移保护装置 axial displacement

limiting device

进气道 intake duct

排气道 exhaust duct

轴流式涡轮 axial flow turbine

动力涡轮 power turbine

压气涡轮 compressor turbine

轴流式压气机 axial flow compressor

排气速度 exhaust velocity [for a turbine]

反动度 degree of reaction

膨胀比 expansion ratio

通流部分 flow passage

叶型 blade profile

安装角 stagger angle

进口角 blade inlet angle

出口角 blade outlet angle

叶型转折角 camber

速度三角形 velocity triangle

二次流损失 secondary flow loss

静叶损失 stationary blade loss

动叶损失 moving blade loss

余速损失 leaving velocity loss

火焰管 flame tube

热疲劳 thermal fatigue

热腐蚀 hot corrosion

可转静叶 variable stator blade

涡轮功率 turbine power

压气机耗功 power input to compressor

失速 stall

管形燃烧室 can-type combustor

直流燃烧 straight-flow combustion

逆流燃烧 counter-flow combustion

旋流燃烧 swirl-flow combustion

旋风燃烧 cyclone-combustion

一次空气 primary air

二次空气 secondary air

燃烧区 combustion zone

回流区 recirculating zone

掺混区 dilution zone

理论空气量 theoretical air

回热度 regenerator effectiveness

旋流器 swirler

燃气侧全压损失 total pressure loss for gas

side

燃烧稳定性 combustion stability

磁[悬浮]浮 maglev; magnetic levitation

电磁悬浮系统 electromagnetic suspension

system; EMS

电动排斥式系统 electrodynamic repulsion

system; EDS

超导悬浮系统 superconducting suspension

system

永磁悬浮系统 permanent magnet suspension

system; PPM

电磁吸引式系统 electromagnetic attraction

system

磁[悬]浮车辆 maglev vehicle

长定子 long stator

短定子 short stator

推进系统 propulsion system

导向系统 guidance system

悬浮系统 suspension system

可控电磁铁 controlled electromagnet

悬浮组件 suspension module

反应板 reaction plate

电磁铁驱动器；斩波器 magnet driver;

chopper

自适应控制 adaptive control

吸浮力 attraction [lift] force

排斥力 repulsion force

悬浮力 lift force

侧力 [maglev] lateral force

推力 thrusting force; propulsion force

多磁铁系统 multimagnet system

非接触式传感器 noncontacting prosimity

sensor

超导体 superconductor

反应轨 reaction rail

单边型直线感应电动机 single sided linear

induction motor

双边型直线感应电动机 double sided linear

induction motor

加速度反馈 acceleration feedback

绝对加速度反馈 absolute acceleration

feedback

电感式加速度计 inductive accelerometer

电容式加速度计 capacitive accelerometer

伺服型加速度计 servo accelerometer

压电式加速度计 piezoelectric accelerometer

气垫 air-cushion

气隙磁通密度 air gap flux density

悬球 ball suspension

悬距 clearance; air-gap

闭环控制 closed-loop control

线圈高度 coil height

悬浮导向兼用 combined lift and guidance

去滞曲线 demagnetisation curve

动态耦合 dynamic coupling

悬浮系统动力学 dyanmics of suspension

system

霍尔片 Hall plate

铁磁吸力 ferromagnetic attraction force

超导体斥力 superconducting repulsion force

导向力 guidance force

电流-力特性 current-force characteristic

18 / 37

气隙-力特性 distance-force characteristic

导轨与悬浮系统相互作用 guideway

suspension interaction

横向磁通直线感应电动机 transverse flux

linear induction motor

磁轮 magnet wheel

平均工作气隙 mean operating air gap

悬浮导向分别控制 separate control

lift/guidance

交错排列的磁铁布置 staggered magnet

configuration

双线圈结构 two coil configuration

铁道车辆 railway vehicle; railway car

二轴车 two-axle car

四轴车 four-axle car

多轴车 multi-axle car

转向架式车 bogie car

车辆纵向 longitudinal direction of car

车辆横向 lateral direction of car

一位端 "B" end of car

二位端 "A" end of car

一位侧 left side of car

二位侧 right side of car

空车 empty car

重车 loaded car

车辆标记 lettering and marking of car

车种 type of car

车型 model of car

车号 number of car

定员 seating capacity

车辆全长；车钩连接线间长度 length over

pulling faces of couplers

车体长度 length over ends of body; length of

car body

底架长度 length over end sills; length of

underframe

罐体长度 length of tank

车体内长 length inside car body

车辆最大宽度 maximum widty of car

车体宽度 widty over sides of car body

底架宽度 widty over side sills

车体内宽 widty inside car body

车钩中心线高度 height of coupler center

from top of rail; coupler height

车辆最大高度 maximum height of car

车辆高度 height of car

车体内高 height inside car body

车体内中心处高度 height inside car body

from floor to roof center

地板面高度 height of floor from rail top;

floor height

车辆定距 length between truck centers

车辆长距比 ratio of car body length to length

between truck centers

旁承间隙 side bearing clearance

门孔宽度 width of door opening

地板面积 floor area

总容积 total volume

有效容积 effective volume

罐车容积计表 tank volume table

心盘面自由高 free height of center plate

wearing surface from rail top

转向架对角线 truck frame diagonal

轴距 wheelbase

固定轴距 rigd wheelbase

车辆全轴距 wheelbase of car

转向架组全轴距 wheelbase of combination

truck

轮对内侧距 distance between backs of wheel

flanges

轴颈中心距 distance between journal centers

匀质列车 even mass train

稳定运行工况 steady running condition

运行过渡工况 transitional running condition

比容[积] specific volume

比面积 specific floor area

旁承承载 side bearing loading

走行装置 running gear

转向架 truck; bogie

单轴转向架 single-axle truck

二轴转向架 two-axle truck

三轴转向架 three-axle truck

多轴转向架 multi-axle truck

三大件转向架 three-piece truck

一体构架转向架 rigid frame truck

无摇动台式转向架 truck with no swing

bolster

导框式转向架 pedestal truck

无摇枕转向架 bolsterless truck

无导框式转向架 non-pedestal truck

曲梁式转向架 curved-beam truck

自导向径向转向架 self-steering radial truck

迫导向径向转向架 forced-steering radial

truck

组合式转向架 combination truck

旁承支重转向架 side bearing truck

内构架转向架 inside-frame truck

转向架构架 truck frame

构架侧梁 truck side sill

构架端梁 truck end sill

构架横梁 truck transom

构架纵梁 truck longitudinal sill

构架辅助梁 truck auxiliary transom

转向架侧架 truck side frame

侧架上弦杆 side frame top chord

侧架下弦杆 side frame bottom chord

侧架上斜弦杆 side frame top oblique chord

侧架下斜弦杆 side frame bottom oblique

chord

侧架弹簧承台 side frame spring seat

侧家立柱 side frame column

轴箱导框 side frame pedestal

轴箱挡 axle box guide

轴箱承台 [side frame] pedestal bearing boss

转向架摇枕 truck bolster

摇枕挡 bolster guide（用于客车） ; column

guide(用于货车）

弹性止挡 elastic bolster guide

轮对内侧距 wheelset; wheel pair

车轮 wheel

整体车轮 solid wheel; mono-bloc wheel

有箍车轮 tired wheel; tyred wheel

轮心 wheel center

轮箍 tire; tyre

车轮扣环 retaining ring [of tire]

铸钢车轮 cast steel wheel

辗钢车轮 wrought steel wheel; rolled steed

wheel

一次磨耗车轮 one-wear wheel

多次磨耗车轮 multiple wear wheel

冷铸车轮 chilled cast iron wheel

弹性车轮 elastic wheel

车轴 axle

空心车轴 tubular axle; hollow axle

轴领 end collar; axle collar

轴颈 journal

轴颈后肩 journal back fillet

防尘板座 dust guard seat

轮座 wheel seat

轴身 axle body

轴中央部 axle center

轮缘 wheel flsnge

轮辋 wheel rim

轮毂 wheel hub

轮毂孔 wheel hub bore

踏面 wheel tread

辐板 plate; web

S形辐板 S-type wheel plate; S-plate

深盆辐板 deep dish wheel plate

波形辐板 corragated wheel plate

直辐板 straight wheel plate

辐板孔 plate hole; web hole

轴箱 journal box; axle box

滑动轴承 plain bearing

轴箱盖；用于滑动轴箱 journal box lid

轴箱前盖；用于滚动轴箱 journal box front

cover

轴箱后盖；用于滚动轴箱 journal box rear

cover

轴箱体 journal box body

轴瓦 plain journal bearing

轴瓦垫 journal bearing wedge

塑料轴瓦头 plastic wearing end for plain

bearing

防尘板 dust guard

后挡板 back shield

油卷 lubricating roll

木前枕 wooden strut

圆锥滚子轴承 tapered roller bearing

圆柱滚子轴承 cylindrical roller bearing

球形滚子轴承 spherical roller bearing

轴承端盖 roller bearing end cap

迷宫式密封 labyrinth seal

涨圈式密封 piston ring type seal

密封圈 seal ring

承载鞍 adapter

油导筒式轴箱定位装置 oil guide clinder

type journal box positioning device

干摩擦式轴箱定位装置 dry friction type

journal box positioning device

橡胶弹性导柱式轴箱定位装置 rubber

elastic guide post type journal box positioning

device

拉杆式轴箱定位装置 tie-rod type journal

box positioning device

转臂式轴箱定位装置 rocker type journal box

positioning device

拉板式轴箱定位装置 tie-plate type journal

box positioning device

球形轴箱定位装置 ball type journal box

positioning device

轴箱弹簧支柱 journal box spring guide post

减振器 shock absorber; damper

摩擦式减振器 snubber

常摩擦式减震装置 constant friction type

snubbing device

变摩擦式减震装置 variable friction type

snubbing device

斜楔 wedge

摩擦板 friction plate

磨耗板 wearing plate

液压减振器；油压减振器 hydyaulic damper;

oil damper

弹簧悬挂装置 spring suspension

轴箱弹簧 journal box spring

摇枕弹簧 bolster spring

螺旋弹簧 coil spring; helical spring

叠板弹簧 laminated spring

椭圆弹簧 elliptic spring

扭杆弹簧 torsion bar spring

膜式空气弹簧 diaphragm type air apring

囊式空气弹簧 bellows type air apring

橡胶弹簧 rubber spring

橡胶堆 rubber-metal pad

橡胶垫 rubber pad

一系悬挂 single stage suspension

两系悬挂 two stage suspension

第一系悬挂 primary suspension

第二系悬挂 secondary suspension

自动高度调整装置 automatic leveling device

高度调整阀 leveling valve

旁承 side bearing

弹性旁承 elastic side bearing

转向架基础制动 truck brake rigging

固定杠杆 truck dead lever

移动杠杆 truck live lever

制动拉杆 lever connection

杠杆上拉杆 lever connecting rod

制动梁 brake beam

制动梁拉杆 brake beam pull rod

制动梁下拉杆 brake beam bottom rod

闸瓦托 brake head

闸瓦 brake shoe

铸铁闸瓦 cast irom brake shoe

中磷闸瓦 medium phosphor cast iron brake

shoe

高磷闸瓦 high phosphor cast iron brake shoe

高摩合成闸瓦 high friction composite brake

shoe

闸瓦背 brake shoe back

19 / 37

低摩合成闸瓦 low friction composite brake

shoe

闸瓦插销 brake shoe key

制动盘 brake disc

闸片 brake lining; brake pad

制动梁槽钢 brake beam compression channel

制动梁弓形杆 brake beam tension rod

制动梁支柱 brake beam strut

摇枕吊 bolster hanger; swing hanger

摇枕吊轴 swing hanger cross beam

弹簧托梁 spring plank carrier

弹簧托板 spring plank

下心盘 truck center plate

中心销 center pin; king pin; pivot pin

锁紧中心销 locking center pin

横向拉杆 lateral connecting rod

均衡梁 equalizer

踏面外形 tread contour; tread profile

磨耗形踏面 worn profile tread

踏面基点 tread taping point

踏面锥度 tread conicity

滚动圆 tread rolling circle

车轮直径 wheel diameter

轮箍厚度 tire thickness

轮辋宽度 rim width

轮缘高度 flange height

轮缘厚度] flange thickness

轮毂厚度 hub thickness

轮毂直径 hub diameter

轮毂长度 hub length

轮毂孔直径 hub bore diameter

轴箱导框间隙 axle box play

摇枕挡间隙 bogie bolster play

轴载荷 load on axle journals

允许轴载荷 allowable load on journals of

same axle

心盘载荷 load on center plate

旁承载荷 load on side bearing

斜对称载荷 diagonally symmetrical loading

force

弹簧柔度 spring flexibility

弹簧刚度 spring stiffness

弹簧静挠度 static spring deflection

弹簧动挠度 dynamic spring deflection

第一第二系弹簧挠度比 ratio of spring

deflections of primary &secondary suspension

挠度裕量系数 coefficient of spring deflection

reservation

弹簧架扭曲刚度 truck rigidity against

distorsion

相对摩擦系数 relative friction conefficient

阻尼系数 damping coefficient

临界阻尼 critical damping

减振指数 damping index

临界阻尼值 critical damping value

相对阻尼系数 damping factor

踏面磨耗 tread wear

轮缘垂直磨耗 vertical flange

踏面擦伤 flat sliding; tread slid flat

踏面剥离 shelled tread

轮辋烧伤 burnt rim

轮辋辗出 spread rim

车轮不圆 wheel out of round

热裂纹 thermal crack

轮毂破裂 burst hub

轮毂松动 wheel loose on axle

辐板径向裂纹 radial crack in plate

辐板圆周裂纹 circumferential crack in plate

车轴弯曲 bent axle

制动系统 brake system

5.03 制动装置

制动装置 brake equipment; brake gear

制动机 brake

手制动机 hand brake

空气制动装置 air brake equipment

真空制动装置 vacuum brake equipment

空气真空两用制动装置 air and vacuum dual

brake equipment

电空制动装置 electropeumatic brake

equipment

自动空气制动装置 automatic air brake

equipment

直通空气制动装置 straight air brake

equipment

基础制动装置 foundation brake rigging

制动管路 brake piping

制动主管 brake pipe

制动支管 brake branch pipe

端接管 pipe nipple

列车管 train pipe

压力主管 pressure pipe; second brake pipe

直通制动管 direct air brake pipe

制动软管连接器 [brake] hose coupling

制动软管 hose

折角塞门 angle cock

端部塞门；用于装转动车钩的敞车上为端部

塞门 end cock

球芯折角塞门 ball type angle cock

制动支管三通 branch pipe tee

联合集尘截断塞门 combined dirt collector

and cut-out cock

集尘器 dirt collector

截断塞门 cut-out cock

空重车转换塞门 empty and load changeover

cock

紧急制动阀 emergency brake valve

分配阀 distributing valve

作用部 service portion

紧急部 emergency portion

缓解部 release portion

加速制动阀部 accelerated application valve

portion

中间体 pipe bracket

滑阀 slide valve

[制动]柱塞 spool

膜板 diaphragm

提升阀 poppet valve

空重车制动装置 empty/load brake

equipment

载荷传感阀 load sensor valve

载荷比例阀 load proportional valve

均衡风缸 equalizing reservoir

限压阀 limiting valve

三通阀 triple valve

制动缸 brake cylinder

副风缸 auxiliary reservoir

附加风缸 supplementary reservoir

降压气室 pressure reducing reservoir

双室风缸 two-compartment reservoir

紧急风缸 emergency reservoir

定压风缸 constant pressure reservoir

压力风缸 pressure reservoir

缓解阀 release valve

放风阀 vent valve

车长阀 caboose valve; conductor’s valve;

guard’s valve

减压中继阀 reduction relay valve

保持阀 retaining valve

防滑器 anti-skid device

踏面清扫器 tread cleaner

摩擦制动 friction braking

粘着制动 adhesion braking

非粘着制动 non-adhesion braking

转向架制动组件 truck-mounted brake

assembly

非踏面制动 off tread braking

单元制动 brake unit

轮装盘形制动 wheel-mounted disc brake

轴装盘形制动 axle-mounted disc brake

单侧[踏面]制动 single shoe brake

双侧[踏面]制动 clasp brake

二压力机构 two-pressure equalizing system

三压力机构 three-pressure equalizing system

二三压力混合机构 composite two and

three-pressure equalizing system

闸瓦压力 brake shoe pressure

制动力 braking force

制动率 braking ratio

制动倍率 leverage ratio

制动效率 brake efficiency

制动杠杆传动效率 brake rigging efficiency

净制动率 net braking ratio

制动缸活塞行程 piston travel

制动时间 braking time

空走时间 idling braking time

实制动时间 actual braking time;

instantaneous application time; LAT

制动距离 stopping distance

实制动距离 actual stopping distance

空走距离 idling stopping distance

制动初速 initial speed at brake application

平均减速度 average retardation rate

制动灵敏度 sensitivity

制动稳定性 insensitivity

制动安定性 service stability

制动衰竭性 exhaustibility

制动不衰竭性 inexhaustibility

制动缸前杠杆 cylinder lever

制动缸后杠杆 auxiliary lever

连接拉杆 cylinder lever connecting rod

上拉杆 top rod

闸瓦间隙自动调节器 automatic slack

adjuster

均衡拉杆 equalizing pull rod

均衡杠杆 equalizing lever

手制动曲拐 hand brake bell crank

手制动链轮 hand brake sheave wheel

停驻制动 parking braking

直接进入阀 direct admission valve

滚圈 rolling ring

真空缸 vacuum chamber

高鹅头弯管 high level bend; swan neck

分配阀试验台 distrbuting valve test rack

单车试验器 single car testing device

列车制动试验器 train brake tester

列车尾部风压反馈 train rear end air pressure

feedback]

车体 car body

流线型车体 streamlined car body

摆式车体 pendulum type car body

侧倾车体 tilting type car body

车体侧倾装置 car body tilting device

钢结构 steel structure

车体骨架 body framing

板梁式钢结构 plate girder type steel structure

桁架式钢结构 truss type steel structrue

薄壁简体结构 thin-shelled tubular structure

整体承载结构 monocoque structrure; integral

losdcarrying structure

构件 structural member

杆件 member

底架 underframe

有中梁底架 underframe with center sill

无中梁底架 underframe without center sill

活动中梁底架 underframe with sliding center

sill; cushioning underframe

裙板 apron

中梁 center sill

中梁悬臂部 overhang; cantilever portion of

center sill

侧梁 side sill

端梁 end sill

枕梁 body bolster

大横梁 cross bearer

小横梁 crosstie

辅助梁 floor stringer

缓冲梁 buffer beam

对角撑；斜撑 diagonal brace

平板地板 flat floor

波纹地板 corrugated floor

可钉地板 nailable floor

脚蹬 entrance door step (用于客车); sill step

(用于货车)

上心盘 body center plate

球形心盘 spherical center plate

心盘座 center filler

上旁承 body side bearing

前从板座 front draft lug; front draft stop

后从板座 rear draft lug; rear draft stop

一体从板座 rear draft dheck casting

20 / 37

冲击座 striker; striking casting

柱插 stake pocket

绳拴 rope lug

走板 running board

扶手 hand hold; grab iron

梯 ladder

牵引沟 hauling hook

牵引梁 draft sill

鱼腹梁 fish-belly sill

刀把梁 lowered draft sill

钳形梁 schnabel

顶车座 jacking pad

侧墙 side wall

侧柱连续 side post connecting rail

侧柱内补强 inside reinforcement of side post

端柱 end post

侧柱连续 side post

角柱 corner post

门柱 door post

外端墙 outside end wall

内端墙 inside end wall

大腰带 waist rail

小腰带 window lintel

横带 rail

上侧梁 cant rail(用于客车); top chord(用于

货车)

侧墙包板；包板 side sheathing

上挠度 camber

下垂 drooping

旁弯 sidewise bending

盖板 cover plate

端墙包板 end sheathing

上墙板 cornice sheathing

下墙板 wainscot sheathing

窗间板 pier sheathing

墙板压筋 flute or rib on sheathing

窗台 window sill; window rail

内墙板 panel(用于客车); lining (用于货车)

渡板 gangway foot plate

车顶 roof

外顶板 roof sheet

内顶板；天花板 ceiling

车顶弯梁 carline

车顶纵梁 purline

车顶侧梁 roof cant rail

车顶端横梁 roof end rail

车顶横梁 roof cross beam

装货口；吊装口 hatch

活顶盖 removable hatch cover

顶盖座 hatch cover seat

雨檐 eaves

翻板 platform trap door

漏斗 hopper

罐体 tank

罐体鞍座 tank saddle

罐端板 tank head

空气包 tank dome

人孔 manhole; manway

人孔盖 manhole cover

液面高度指示牌 liquid level indicating plate;

tell-tale

内梯 manhole ladder

上鞍 tank anchor

聚液窝 liquid trap

进气阀 air inlet valve

抽液管座 unloading pipe cannection

通气口 vent

卡带；罐带 tank band

加温套 steam jacket

中心排油阀 central oil outlet valve

侧排油阀 side oil outlet valve

快速接头 quick coupling

端门 end door

外端门；折棚门 gangway door

[客车]脚蹬门 vestibule entrance door

[客车]隔门 partition door

[客车]摇门 swing door

[客车]摆门 spring butt rocking door

拉门；滑门 sliding door

上开门 upward swing door

下开门 downward swing door

底门 bottom door

侧门 side door

矮侧板 low side

矮端板 low end

塞入门 plug door

塞入门导轮 door guide wheel

门滑轮 door guide roller

门锁 door lock(用于客车); door latch(用于货

车)

上开窗 uplifting window

下开窗 dropping window

天窗 skylight

瞭望窗 observation window

百叶窗 louver

窗卷帘 window blind; window shade

窗帘 window curtain

窗框 window sash

窗锁 window sash lock

漏斗门风手动传动装置 pneumatic/manual

hopper door operating device

空气控制装置 pneumatic control device

突位阀 changeover valve

作用阀 application valve

给气调整阀 pressure regulating valve

边走边卸阀 ballast flow control valve

双向风缸 two way cylinder

传动轴 transmission shaft

压紧装置 pinch device

双联杠杆 toggle linkage

拉杆 toggle arm

拨叉 poking fork

离水格子 floor rack

木结构 wood structure

车钩缓冲装置 coupler and draft gear

密接式车钩 tight-lock coupler

转动式车钩 ratary dump coupler

上作用车钩 top operation coupler

下作用车钩 bottom operation coupler

车钩轮廓 coupler contour

钩体 coupler body

钩身 coupler shank

钩尾 coupler tail

钩颈 coupler neck

钩肩 coupler horn

钩腕外臂 coupler guard arm

钩头正面 coupler front face

钩耳 coupler pivot lug

上防跳台 top operation anticreep ledge

下防跳台 rotary operation anticreep ledge

钩舌 coupler knuckle

钩锁 coupler lock

钩锁销 coupler lock lift

钩舌销 knuckle pivot pin

钩尾销 draft key

尾框 coupler yoke

橡胶缓冲器 rubber draft gear

橡胶摩擦式缓冲器 rubber friction draft gear

弹簧摩擦式缓冲器 spring friction draft gear

液压式缓冲器 hydraulic draft gear

液力气动式缓冲器 hydropneumatic draft

gear

盘形缓冲器 side buffer

中央缓冲器 central draft gear

链子钩 screw coupling

无间隙牵引杆 slackless drawbar

车端缓冲器 end-of-car cushioning device

缓冲器箱体 draft gear housing

压块 pressing block

中央楔块 center wedge

动板 movable plate

缩短装置 shortening device

解钩装置 uncoupling device

车钩三态作用 three states of coupler

operation

闭锁位置 locked position of coupler

开锁位置 lockset position of coupler

全开位置 full open position of coupler

车钩复原装置 coupler centering device

摆块 centering block

摆块吊 centering block hanger

车钩托梁 coupler carrier

从板 follower

车钩连接线 coupling line

风挡 vestibule diaphram

风挡面板 vestibule diaphram face plate

风挡缓冲板 vestibule diaphram buffer plate

缓冲杆 buffer rod

缓冲器容量 draft gear capacity

缓冲器行程 draft gear travel

缓冲器预紧力 draft gear initial compression

缓冲器阻抗力 draft gear reaction force at

rating travel

缓冲器能量吸收率 rate of energy absorbed

by draft gear

缓冲器反弹 draft gear recoil

车钩间隙 coupler slack

列车纵向动力 longitudinal dynamic force of

train

[车钩缓冲装置]压缩与拉伸 [coupler＆draft

gear] running-in & running-out

车辆冲击 car impact

车辆互撞 car collision

落锤试验 drop test

采暖装置 heating system

蒸汽采暖装置 steam heating equipment

直压式采暖装置 direct pressure steam

heating equipment

丁形离水阀; 重力除水阀 tee trap

直压式暖汽调整阀 car presssure regulater

大气压式采暖装置 atmospheric pressure

steam heating equipment

转换塞门 cut-out cock

大气压式暖气调整阀 vapor regulater

温水采暖装置 hot water heating equipment

燃煤独立温水采暖装置 coal-burning [heater

type] hot water heating equipment

燃油独立温水采暖装置 oil-burning [ heater

type ] hot water heating equipment

电动水泵 electric water pump

手动水泵 hand water pump

燃煤温水锅炉 coal-burning heater

燃油温水锅炉 oil burning heater

水位表 water level gage

散热管 radiator

控制箱 control box

降压电阻 step down resistance

点火器 spark lighter

雾化轮 atomizing wheel

雾化杯 atomizing cup

风轮 fan

水温控制器 water temperature regulater

电热采暖装置 electric heating equipment

热风采暖装置 hot air heating equipment

自然通风装置 natrual ventilation equipment

机械通风装置 mechanical ventilation

equipment

通风器 ventilator

排[气]风扇 exhaust fan

暖气端阀 train pipe end valve

暖气主管 heater train pipe

暖气支管 heater branch pipe

暖气软管 heater hose

暖区软管连接器 heater hose coupler

空气调节装置 air conditioning equipment

空气自动控制装置 automatic air cintrol

device

往复式制冷压缩机 reciprocating type

refrigeration compressor

螺杆式制冷压缩机 screw type refrigeration

compressor

热泵 heat pump

冷凝器 condenser

蒸发器 evaporator

贮液桶 liquid receiver

恒温膨胀阀 thermostatic expansion valve

干燥器 dryer

过滤器 filter

油分离器 oil extractor

进风道 air inlet duct

21 / 37

送风道 air delivery duct

回风道 air return duct

排风道 air exhausting duct

风口 air port

空气预冷装置 air precooler

循环挡板 circulating baffle plate

室温控制器；恒温控制器 room thermostat

控制室 control cabin

制冷加温装置 refrigeration and heating

equipment

直通截止阀 jthrough shut-off valve

吸入压力调解阀 suction pressure regulating

valve

冷凝器风道 condenser air concentrator

直角截止阀 angle shut-off valve

导热系数 coefficient of thermal conductivity

气密性 air-tightness

给水系统 water supply system

车上给水装置 water supply equipment with

roof tank

车上水箱 roof water tank

水盘 drip pan

车下给水装置 water supply equipment with

lower tank

车下水箱 lower water tank

给水风缸 water supply air reservoir

温水箱 hot water tank

延长杆 extension rod

[给水]减压阀 [pressure] reducing valve

给水调整阀 water supply governer valve

注水口 filling pipe end

水箱验水阀 water tank test cock

五通塞门 five-way cock

弯形止阀 bend stop valve

地板排水装置 floor draining device

茶炉 drinking water boiler

电气系统 electric system

照明装置 illumination equipment

播音连接器 public address coupling

控制电缆连接器 control cable coupling

电力电缆及连接器 power supply cable &

coupling

配电盒 switch board

配电柜 electric power distribution cabinet

顶灯 ceiling lamp

侧灯 side lamp

尾灯 tail lamp

席别灯 car class indicatin lamp

角灯 corner lamp

床头灯 berth lamp

阅读灯 reading lamp

终夜灯 whole night lamp

半夜灯 evening lamp

单管荧光灯 single tube fluorescent lamp

双管荧光灯 double tube fluorescent lamp

枕形壁灯 pillow shaped wall lamp

单筒壁灯 single cylindrical shade wall lamp

双筒壁灯 double cylindrical shade wall lamp

播音装置 public address system

四用广播机 four-function public address

equipment

呼叫装置 call button

电加热器 electric heater

电热管 tubular electric heating element

电加湿器 electric moistening device

交流感应子发电机 inductor type alternator

单管逆变器 individual inverter

集中式逆变器 centralized inverter

照明稳压器 illumination voltage stabilizer

车底电线管 electric wire conduit underneath

the car

接线盒 connection box

车电分线盒 junction box

接线端子 connection terminal

电扇 electric fan

蓄电池 storage battery; accumulator

蓄电池箱 storage battery box; accumulator

box

车下电气插座 car power recepatcle

充电插头 charging plug

车轴发电机 axle generator

车轴发电机控制箱 axle generator control

box

单线制 single wire system

双线制 two wire system

车辆集中供电 centralized power supply

[system] for car

车辆分散供电 separate power supply [system]

折叠座椅 folding seat

活动座椅 self-folding seat

餐车洗池 sink

厕所 lavatory; toilet

洗面间 washing room; washing compartment

洗手器 wash bowl

下作用水阀 nuder level faucet

压式水阀 compression faucet

曲线通过 curve negotiating

蠕滑 creep

最大外移位置 maximum outward position

最大倾斜位置 maximum inclining position

乘坐舒适度 riding comfortableness; ride

comfort

横向稳定性 lateral stability

平稳性指标 riding index

for car

车辆交直流供电 AC-DC power supply for

car

客车 passenger car; carriage; coach

全金属客车 all metal passenger car; all metal

coach

空调客车 air conditioned passenger car; air

conditioned coach

双层客车 double deck passenger car; double

deck coach; bi-level coach

合造客车 composite passenger car;

composite coach

关节客车 articulated passenger car;

articulated coach

市郊客车 suburban passenger car; suburban

coach

硬座车 semi-cushioned seat coach

软座车 cushioned-seat coach;

upholstered-seat coach

硬卧车 semi-cushioned berth sleeping car;

simi-cushioned couchette

软卧车 cushioned berth sleeping car;

upholstered couchette

开敞式卧车 open type sleeping car

包间式卧车 [corridor] compartment [type]

sleeping car

高级包房卧车 superclass [corridor]

compartment [type] sleeping car

餐车 dining car

酒吧车 buffet car

俱乐部车 club car

厨房车 kitchen car

行李车 baggage car; luggage van

邮政车 postal car; mail van

客厅车 asloon car

瞭望车 observation car

宿营车 dormitory car

发电车 generator car

公务车 officer’s car; service car

教育车 education car

试验车 test car

动力试验车 dynamometer car

维修车 maintenance car

检衡车 weigh bridge test car; track scale test

car

医疗车 hospital car

隧道摄影车 tunnel photographing car

母车 car with axle generator

子车 car without axle generator

客室 passenger room; passenger compartment

卧室 bedroom; sleeping compartment

特等卧室 superclass bedroom; superclass

sleeping comparment

餐室 dining room

炉灶 range

厨房车 kitchen

炊事室 cooking room

小卖部 snack counter; buffet

邮政间 post office compartment

分检室 mail sorting room

行李室 baggage room; luggage compartment

储藏室 storage room

工具室 tool room

发电室 power plant compartment

列车员室 attendant’s room

播音室 public address room

行李架 baggage rack; luggage rack

毛巾杆 towel haging rod; towel rail

茶桌 tea table

固定座椅 fixed seat

转动座椅 rotating seat

可躺座椅 reclining seat

蹲式便器 eastern type toilet; squat-across

type water closet

坐式便器 western type toilet; seat-type water

closet

冲便阀 foush valve

洗面器 wash basin

梳妆架 comb rack

走廊 corridor

通道 aisle; gangway

通过台 vestibule

间壁 partition

货车 freight car; wagon

通用货车 general-purpose freight car

专用货车 special-purpose freight car

敞车 gondola car; open goods wagon

活顶棚车 sliding roof box car; sliding roof

goods van

活墙棚车 sliding side box car

平车 flat car

罐车 tank car

高压罐车 high pressure tank car

粉末货物车 powdered goods car

守车 caboose; brake van; guard’s van

煤车 coal car

转动车钩煤车 rotary dumping coal car

自卸车 dumping car

砂石车 gravel car

矿石车 ore car

漏斗车 hopper car

有盖漏斗车 covered hopper car

散装水泥车 bulk cement car

隔热棚车 insulated box car

加温车 heater car

冷藏加温车 refrigerator and heater car

车顶冰箱冷藏车 ice-bunker refrigerator car

冷冻板冷藏车 overhead bring tank

refrigerator car

冷冻板冷藏车 freezing-plate refrigerator car

机械冷藏车；单节机械冷藏车 mechanical

refrigerator car

机械冷藏车组 mechanical refrigerator car

group

通风车 ventilated box car

家畜车 stock car

家禽车 poultry car

活鱼车 live fish car

甘蔗车 sugar cane car

纸浆车 pulp car

刨花车 wood chip car

集装箱车 container car

背负运输车 piggyback car

半拖车 semi-trailer

双层轿车平车 double deck sedan car

风动石碴漏斗车 pneumatic bllast hopper car

毒品车 poison car; poisonous goods wagon

零担办公车 office car for peddler train

长大货物车 oversize commodity car

凹底平车 depressed center flat car

落下孔车 well-hole car

钳夹车 schnabel car

双联平车 twinned flat car

关节货车 articulated freight car

电站列车车组 power plant car train-set

除雪车 sonw plow; sonw plough

整体列车 integral train

车辆性能及特性参数

车辆构造速度 design speed of car;

construction speed of car

车辆最大容许速度 maximum permissible

speed of car

通过最小曲线半径 minimum radius of

curvature negotiable

22 / 37

货物积累损伤指数 rate of accumulated

freight damage

旅客疲劳时间 passenger fatigue time

抗倾覆稳定性 stability against overturning

抗脱轨稳定性 stability against derailment

抗挤出稳定性 stability against forcing out

during train bucking

套车 telescoping

轮重减载率 rate of wheel load reduction

自重系数 ratio of light weight to loading

capacity

每延米重量 load per meter of track

自重 light weight; tare weight

载重 loading capacity

总重 gross weight

整备品重量 servicing weight

簧上重量 suspended weight; sprung weight

簧下重量 non-suspended weight; unsprung

weight

线路试验 road test; running test

运用考验 service test

车辆强度试验 car strength test

车辆冲击试验 car impact test

车辆动力学实验 car dynamics test

车体弯曲震动试验 test of vibration caused

by carbody bending

冲角 angle of attack

爬轨 climb on rail

挤轨 gage widening

脱轨 derailment

跳轨 jump on rail

车轮贴靠 flanging

[列车制动]溜放试验 coasting braking tset

弹性定位轮对 elastically positioned wheelset

刚性定位轮对 rigidly positioned wheelset

自由车轮 independent wheel

动力系数；动荷系数 coefficient of dynamic

force

垂直载荷 vertical load

垂直动载荷 vertical dynamic load

横向力 lateral force

纵向力 longitudinal force

运行品质 riding quality

稳定性安全系数 safety factor of stability

车辆检修 car inspection and maintenance

车辆运营 car operation

车辆段 car depot

车辆检修设备 car repair facilities

滚动轴承间 roller bearing shop

油线室 journal box packing room

挂瓦室 journal bearing babbit metal lining

room

制动室 brake repair room

机械保温车辆段 mechanical refrigerator car

depot

修车库；修车棚 freight car temporary

repairing shed

客车整备库；客车整备棚 coach servicing

shed

调梁设备 beam straightening equipment

洗罐棚；洗罐库 tank washing shed

修车台位长度 length of repair position

洗罐设备 tank washing equipment

货车洗刷所 freight car washing point

货车站修所；站修所 freight car repairing

point

货物列车检修所; 列检所 freight train

inspection and service point

货物列车主要检修所 freight train main

inspection and service point

货物列车区段检修所 transit freight train

inspection and service point

货物列车一般检修所 freight train ordinary

inspection and service point

装卸检修所 inspetion and service point for

car before loading or after unloading

制动检修所 brake inspection point

旅客列车检修所 passenger train inspection

and service point

技术整备 technical servicing

车辆运用维修 car operation and maintenance

客车技术整备所 pasenger train technical

servicing point

货车技术交接所 freight car technical

condition handing-over post

定期修 periodic repair

状态修 repair according to condition

车辆厂修 car repair in works

车辆检修停留时间 down time for holding

cars for repairing

车辆检修在修时间 down

time for car under

repair

车辆段检修台位利用率 rate of utilization of

repair positions in car depot

残车率 rate of bad order cars

非运用车系数 coefficieat of cars not in

service

客车保有量 number of passenger cars on

hand

客车配属辆数 number of allocated passenger

cars

车底数 number of allocated passsenger trains

货车保有量 number of freight cars on hand

车辆技术履历簿 technical record book of car

加快票 fast extra ticket

特快加快票 express extra ticket

卧铺票 berth ticket

站台票 platform ticket

减价票 reduced-fare ticket

学生票 student ticket

小孩票 child ticket

残废军人票 disabled armyman ticket

国际联运旅客车票 passenger ticket for

international through traffic

册页客票；联票 coupon ticket

代用票 substituting ticket

定期票 periodical ticlet

公用乘车证 service pass

行李票 luggage ticket; baggage ticket

车票有效期 ticket availability

车辆段修 car repair in depot

车辆辅修 car auxiliary repair

车辆轴检 car journal and box examination;

car journal and box inspection

车辆制检 car brake examination; car brake

inspection

车辆大修 car heavy repair

车辆中修 car medium repair

车辆年修 car yearly repair

车辆装卸修 car repair before loading or after

unloading

站修 repair track maintenance

临修 temporary repair

摘车修 car detached repair

不摘车修 in-train repair

库检 examination in depot

列检 train examination

架车 jack up car body

顶车 lift one end of car

脱轨器 derailer

站修线 repair track in station; repair siding

洗罐线 tank washing siding

转向线 turn-around wye; Y-track

修车线 repair siding

临修线 temporary repair siding

车辆修理厂 car repair works

车辆制造厂 car manufacturing works

洗罐站 tank washing point

车轴超声探伤 ultrasonic inspection for axle

车轴电磁探伤 magnetic particle inspection

for axle; magnaflux inspection for axle

车辆检修限度 car repair limit

车辆运用限度 car road service limit

车辆报废限度 car condemning limit

列车制动全部试验 train brake overall test

列车制动简易试验 train brake simplified test

单车试验 single car test

爱车点 car caring point

燃轴 severe hot box

热轴 hot box

轴温 journal temperature

红外线轴温检测所 infrared journal

temperature detection point

红外线轴温探测系统 infrared journal

temperature detection system

客车轴温报警 passenger car journal

temperature warning

滚动轴承故障自动检测 automatic roller

bearing defect detection

轮对动平衡试验 wheelset dynamic balance

test

轮对静平衡试验 car wheel static balance test

扣车条件 specified conditions for detaining

cars

台位利用系数 utility factor of the position

整备线配置系数 allocation factor of service

track

车辆计算长度 calculated length of car

段修循环系数 circulating factor of repair in

depot

拉钩检查距离 car spacing for uncoupled

inspection

车辆平均长度 average length of car

车辆检修率 rate of cars under repair

车轮厂 wheelset repair factory

轮对存放场 wheelset storing yard

转向架换装所 truck changing point

客货车厂段修规程 regulations for passenger

/freight car repair in factory /depot

车辆设计规范 specifications for design of

cars

中间试验 intermediate test

K值试验 test for K value of complete car

静强度试验台 static strength test rack

滚动试验台 rolling rig

热工实验室 heat engineering laboratory

伺服疲劳试验机 servo fatigue testing

machine

全车振动试验台 full car vibration test rig

滚柱轴承试验台 rollerbearing test stand

闸瓦试验台 [brake shoe] inertia

dynamometer

车轴模拟试验台 axle analogy test machine

减振器试验台 damper test stand

铁路运输 railway transportation; railway

traffic

铁路运输管理 railway transport

administration

铁路运营 railway operation

铁路运输组织 railway traffic organization

铁路运输质量管理 quality control of railway

transportation

铁路旅客运输规程 regulations for railway

passenger traffic

铁路货物运输规程 regulations for railway

freight traffic

铁路重载运输 railway heavy haul traffic

铁路高速运输 railway high speed traffic

铁路保险运输 insured rail traffic

铁路保价运输 value insured rail traffic

铁路军事运输 railway military service

铁路旅客运输 railway passenger traffic

铁路客运组织 railway passenger traffic

organization

行李 luggage; baggage

包裹 parcel

广厅 public hall; concourse

行李房 luggage office; baggage office

售票处 booking office; ticket; office

候车室 waiting room; waiting hall

高架火车厅 overhead waiting hall

问讯处 information office; inquiry office

客流 passenger flow

直通客流 through passenger flow

管内客流 local passenger flow

市郊客流 suburban passenger flow

客流量 passenger flow volume

客流调查 passenger flow investigation

客流图 passenger flow diagram

旅客发送人数 number of passenger

despatched; number of passengers originated

旅客到达人数 number of passengers arrived

旅客运送人数 number of passengers

transported

旅客最高聚集人数 maximum number of

passengers in peak hours

车票 ticket

客票 passenger ticket

23 / 37

行李包裹托运 consigning of luggages and

parcels

行李包裹承运 acceptance of luggages and

parcels

行李包裹交付 dilivery of luggages and

parcels

旅客换乘 passenger transference

变更径路 route diversion

错乘 takeng wrong train

漏乘 missing a train

越站乘车 overtaking the station

旅客列车乘务组 passenger train crew

旅客列车乘务制度 crew working system of

passenger train

旅客列车轮乘制 crew poolng system of

passenger train

旅客列车包乘制 assigning crew system of

passsenger train

旅客列车包车制 responsibility crew system

of passenger train

列车员 train attendant

列车长 train conductor

乘警 train police

客运密度 passenger traffic density

旅客列车直达速度 through speed of

passenger train

旅客列车车底周转时间 turnround time of

passenger train set

列车车底需要数 number of passenger train

set required

客车平均日车公里 average car-kilometers

per car-day

列车平均载客人数 average number of

passengers carried per train

列车客座利用率 percentage of passenger

seats utilization per train

客车客座利用率 percentage of passenger

seats utilization per car

铁路货物运输 railway freight traffic

铁路货运组织 railway freight traffic

organization

综合性货运站 general freight station; general

goods station

专业性货运站 specialized freight station

零担货物中转站 less-than-carload freight

transhipment station; part-load transhipmint

station

营业站 operating station

非营业站 non-operating station

货场 freight yard; goods yard

尽头式货场 stub-end type freight yard

通过式货场 through-type freight yard

混合式货场 mixed-type freight yard

装卸线 loading and unloading track

轨道衡线 weight bridge track

货区 freight area; goods area

场库 storage yard and warehouse

堆货场 storage yard

货物站台 freight platform; goods platform

货棚 freight shed; goods shed

仓库 warehouse

货位 freight section; goods section

企业自备车 private car

月度货物运输计划 monthly freight traffic

plan

旬间装车计划 ten day car loading plan

要车计划表 car planned requisition list

日要车计划表 daily car requisition plan

货物品类 goods category

计划内运输 planned freight traffic

计划外运输 out-of-plan freight traffic;

unplanned freight traffic

直达运输 through traffic

成组装车 car loading by groups

合理运输 rational traffic

对流运输 cross-haul traffic

车钩缓冲停止器 device for stopping buffer

action

游车 idle car

货物重心的横向位移 lateral shift for center

of gravity of goods

货物重心的纵向位移 longitudinal shift for

center of gravity of goods

集重货物 concentrated weight goods

重车重心 center of gravity for car loaded

重车重心高 center height of gravity for car

loaded

危险货物 dangerous freight; dangerous goods

区段列车 district train

摘挂列车 pick-up and drop train

区段小运转列车 district transfer train

枢纽小运转列车 junction terminal transfer

train

路用列车 railway service train

列车重量标准 railway train load norm

车辆换算长度 converted car length

铁路站场与枢纽

车站工作组织 organization of station

operation

站界 station limit

过远运输 excessively long-distance traffic

重复运输 repeated traffic

迂回运输 round about traffic; circuitous

traffic

无效运输 ineffective traffic

整车货物 car load freight

零担货物 less-than-carload freight

大宗货物 mass freight

散装货物 bulk freight

堆装货物 stack-loading freight

成件包装货物 packed freight

鲜活货物 fresh and live freight

罐装货物 tank car freight

易燃货物 inflammable freight

易冻货物 freezable freight

轻浮货物 light and bulk freight

重质货物 heavy freight

整车分卸 car load freight unloaded at two or

more stations

一批货物 consignment

货物运到期限 freight transit period

货物运单 consignment note

货票 way bill; freight invoice

货车装载清单 car loading list

货物托运 consigning of freight

货物承运 acceptance of freight

货物交付 dilivery of freight

货主 owner of freight; consignor; consignee

货物发送作业 freight operation at originated

station

货物到达作业 freight operation at destination

station

货物途中作业 freight operation en route

货物标记 freight label

运输条件 traffic condition

运输限制 traffic limitation; traffic restriction

货车施封 car seal

货物换装整理 transhipment and

rearrangement of goods

货物运输变更 traffic diversion

货源 freight traffic source

货流 freight flow

货流量 freight flow volume

货流图 freight flow diagram

货物发送吨数 tonnage of freight despatched

货物到达吨数 tonnage of freight arrived

货物运送吨数 tonnage of freight tranaported

计费吨公里 tonne-kilometers charged

运营吨公里 tonne-kilometers operated

货运密度 density of freight traffic

货车标记载重量 marked loading capacity of

car

货车静载重 static load of car

货车动载重 dynamic load of car

货车载重量利用率 coefficient of utilization

for car loading capacity

货车日产量 serviceable work-done per day

超限货物 out-of-gauge freight

超限货物等级 classification of out-of-gauge

freight

超限货物检查架 examining rack for

out-of-gauge freight

阔大货物 exceptional dimension freight

超常货物 exceptional length freight

货物转向架 freight turning rack

货物转向架支距 distance between centers of

freight turning rack

跨装 straddle

易腐货物 perishable freight

冻结货物 frozen freight

冷却货物 cooled freight

加冰所 re-icing point

控温运输 transport under controlled

temperature

保温运输 insulated trainsport

冷藏运输 refrigerated transport

加温运输 heating transport

通风运输 ventilated transport

容许运输期限 permissive period of transport

国际货物联运 international through freight

traffic

铁路的连带责任 joint responsibility of

railway

发送路 originating railway

到达路 destination railway

过境路 transit railway

国际铁路协定 agreeement of frontier railway

国际铁路货物联运协定 agreement of

international railway throangh freight traffic

国际联运货物票据 international through

freight shipping documents

国际联运货物交接单 acceptance and

delivery list of freight for international through

traffic

国际联运车辆交接单 acceptance and

delivery list of car for international through

traffic

国际联运货物换装 transhipment of

international through goods

国际联运车辆过轨 transferring of car from

one railway to another for international

through traffic

货物交接所 freight transfer point

铁路行车组织 organization of train operation

铁路行车组织规则 rules for organization of

train operation

车站行车工作细则 instructions for train

operation at station

列车 train

车列 train set

旅客列车编组 passenger train formation

旅客列车 passenger train

旅客快车 fast passenger train

旅客特别快车 express train

旅客直达特别快车 through express train

国际联运旅客特别快车 interantional express

train

直通旅客列车 through passenger train

管内旅客列车 local passenger train

市郊旅客列车 suburban passenger train

混合列车 mixed train

旅游列车 tourist train

临时旅客列车 extra passenger train;

additional passenger train

军用列车 military train; troop train

货物列车 freight train; goods train

始发直达列车 through train originated from

one loading point

阶梯直达列车 through train originated from

several adjoining loading points

空车直达列车 through train with empty cars

循环直达列车 shuttled block train

单元列车 unit train

组合列车 combined train

技术直达列车 technical through train

直通列车 transit train

24 / 37

车站等级 class of station

无调中转车 transit car without resorting

有调中转车 transit car with resorting

本站作业车 local car

接发列车 train reception and departure

行车闭塞法 train block system

空间间隔法 space-interval method

时间间隔法 time-interval method

书面联络法 written liaison method

行车凭证 running token

办理闭塞 blocking

进路 route

准备进路 preparation of the route

列车进路 train route

调车进路 shunting route

通过进路 through route

接车进路 receiving route

发车进路 departure route

平行进路 parallel route

敌对进路 conflicting route]

开放信号 clearing signal

关闭信号 closing signal

调车进路 shunting; resorting; car

classification

解体调车 break-up of trains

编组调车 make-up of trains

摘挂调车 detaching and attaching of cars

取送调车 taking-out and placing-in of cars

推送调车 push-pull shunting

溜放调车 fly-shunting; coasting; jerking

驼峰调车 humping

有调中转车停留时间 detention time of car in

transit with resorting

集结时间 car detention time under

accumulation

无调中转车停留时间 detention time of car in

transit without resorting

中转车平均停留时间 average detention time

of car in transit

双重作业 double freight operations

一次货物作业平均停留时间 average

detention time of local car for loading or

unloading

车站办理车数 number of inbound and

outbound car handled at station

车站技术作业表 station technical working

diagram

现在车 cars on hand

运用车 serviceable car; car for traffic use;

cars open to traffic

非运用车 non-serviceable car; car not for

traffic use

列车编组顺序表 train consist list; train list

列车预报 train list information in advance

列车确报 train list information after depature

车流 car flow

车流组织 organization of car flow

货物列车编组计划 freight train formation

plan

车流径路 car flow routing

列车去向 train destination

列车编成辆数 number of cars in a train

列车运行时刻表 timetable

列车运行线 train path

上行方向 up direction

下行方向 down direction

列车车次 train number

核心车次 scheduled train number

机车周转图 locomotive working diagram

平行运行图 parallel train diagram

非平行运行图 non-parallel train diagram

单线运行图 train diagram for singletrack

双线运行图 train diagram for doubletrack

成对运行图 train diagram in pairs

不成对运行图 train diagram not in pairs

追踪运行图 train diagram for automatic

block signals

基本运行图 primary train diagram

分号运行图 variant train diagram

车站间隔时间 time interval between two

adjacent train at station

不同时到达间隔时间 time interval between

two opposing trains arriving at station not at

the same time

会车间隔时间 time interval for two meeting

train at station

同方向列车连发间隔时间 time interval for

two trains despatching in succession in the

same direction

追踪列车间隔时间 time interval between

trains spaced by automatic block signals

运输能力 transport capacity

通过能力 carrying capacity

输送能力 traffic capacity

货运波动系数 fluctuating coefficient of

freight traffic

能力储备系数 coefficient of reserved

capacity

区间通过能力 carrying capacity of the block

section

运行图周期 period in the train diagram

通过能力限制区间 restriction section of

carrying capacity

列车扣除系数 coefficient of train removal

运输工作技术计划 plan of technical indices

for freight traffic

装车数 number of car loadings

卸车数 number of car unloadings

接运重车数 number of loaded cars received

交出重车数 number of loaded cars delivered

接入空车数 number of empty cars received

交出空车数 number of empty cars delivered

运用车工作量 number of serviceable cars

turnround

管内工作车 local cars to be unloaded

移交车 loaded cars to be delivered at junction

stations

空车走行率 percentage of empty to loaded

car kilometers

货车周转距离 average car-kilometers in one

turnround

货车中转距离 average car-kilometers per

transit operation

管内装卸率 local loading and unloading rate

货车周转时间 car turnround time

运用车保有量 number of serviceable cars

held kept

货车日车公里 car kilometers per car per day

列车密度 train density

技术速度 technical speed

旅行速度 travelling speed; commerial speed

列车出发正点率 percentage of punctuality of

trains despatched to total trains

列车运行正点率 percentage of punctuality of

trains running to total trains

铁路运输调度 railway train control; railway

traffic dispatching

调度所 traffic controller’s office ;

dispatcher’s office

调度区段 train dispatching section; train

control section

调度命令 traffic [dispatching] order; train

[dispatching] order

车流调整 adjustment of car flow

装车调整 adjustment of car loading

空车调整 adjustment of empty cars

备用货车 reserved cars

运输工作日常计划 day-to-day traffic

working plan

调度日班计划 daily and shift traffic plans

运行图天窗 ‘sky-light’

in the train diagram;

‘gap’ in the train diagram

车站作业计划 station operating plan

车站班计划 station shift operating plan

车站阶段计划 station stage operating plan

调车作业计划 shunting operation plan

列车运行调整 train operation adjustment

运转车长 train guard

列车等级 train class

反向行车 train running in reverse direction

列车运缓 train running delay

列车等线 train waiting for a receiving track

列车保留 train stock reserved

列车停运 withdrawal of train

列车加开 running of extra train

运输方案 traffic program

分界点 train spacing point

线路所 block post

辅助所 auxiliary block post

车站 station

会让站 passing station

越行站 overtaking station

中间站 intermediate station

区段站 district station

横列式区段站 transversal type district station

纵列式区段站 longitudinal type district

station

编组站 marshalling station; marshalling yard

路网性编组站 network marshalling station

区域性编组站 regional marshalling station

地方性编组站 local marshalling station

单向横列式编组站 unidirectional transversal

type marshalling station

单向纵列式编组站 unidirectional

longitudinal type marshalling station

单向混合式编组站 unidirectional combined

type marshalling station

双向横列式编组站 bidirectional tranxversal

type marshalling station

双向纵列式编组站 bidirectional longitudinal

type marshalling station

双向混合式编组站 bidirectional combined

type marshalling station

主要编组站 main marshalling station

辅助编组站 auxiliary marshalling station

自动化编组站 automatic marshalling station

客运站 passenger station

通过式客运站 through-type passenger station

尽头式客运站 stub-end passenger station

客货运站 mixed passenger and freight station

货运站 freight station

尽头式货运站 stub-end freight station

直通式货运站 through-type freight station

换装站 transhipment station

工业站 industrial station

港湾站 harbour station

国境站 frontier station

国际联运站 international through traffic

station

联轨站 junction station

技术站 technical station

铁路枢纽 railway junction terminal

三角形枢纽 triangle-type junction terminal

十字形枢纽 cross-type junction terminal

顺列式枢纽 longitudinal arrangement type

junction terminal

并列式枢纽 parallel arrangement type

junction terminal

环形枢纽 loop-type junction terminal

混合形枢纽 combined type junction terminal

尽端式枢纽 stub-end type junction terminal

站线 siding; station track; yard track

到发线 arrival and departure track

到达线 receiving track; arriving track

出发线 departure track

编发线 marshalling-departure track

调车线 shunting track; classification track

牵出线 switching lead; shunting neck; lead

25 / 37

track

存车线 storage siding

机车走行线 locomotive running track

机待线 locomotive waiting track

安全线 catch siding

避难线 refuge siding

尽头线 stub-end siding

专用线 private siding

客车洗车线 washing siding for passenger

vehicle

联络线 connecting line

迂回线 round about line

环线 loop

枢纽直径线 diametrical line of junction

terminal

段管线 depot siding

整备线 servicing siding

线路中心线 central lines of track

驼峰推送线 pushing track of hump

驼峰溜放线 hump lead; rolling track of hump

驼峰迂回线 uound about line of hump

难行线 hard running track

易行线 easy running track

线束 track group

线路全长 total track length

线路有效长 effective track length

坡度牵出线 draw-out track at grade

道岔绝缘段 insulated switch section

道岔配列 switch layout

禁溜车停留线 no-humping car storage

车场 yard

到达场 receiving yard; arriving yard

出发场 departure yard

到发场 receiving-departure yard

直通场 through yard

调车场 marshalling yard; shunting yard;

classification yard

辅助车场 auxiliary yard

箭翎线 herringbone track

调车设备 marshalling facilities; classification

facilities

驼峰 hump

峰顶 hump crest

峰高计算点 calculate point of hump height

驼峰推送部分 pushing section of hump

驼峰溜放部分 rolling section of hump

峰顶平台 platform of hump crest

驼峰溜车方向 rolling direction of hump

简易驼峰 simplified hump

非机械化驼峰 non-mechanized hump

机械化驼峰 mechanized hump

半自动化驼峰 semi-automatic hump

自动化驼峰 automatic hump

调速设备 speed control device

减速器 retarder

减速顶 dowty retarder

加速顶 dowty accelerator

加减速顶 dowty accelerator-retarder

可控减速顶 dowty controllable retarder

制动铁鞋 brake shoe; skate

脱鞋器 skate throw-off device

停车器 stopping device

挡车器 stop buffer

制动位 retarder location

间隔制动 spacing braking

目的制动 target braking

溜车有利条件 favorable condition for car

rolling

溜车不利条件 unfavorable condition for car

rolling

货车溜放基本阻力 basic rolling car

resistance

货车溜放风阻力 rolling car resistance due to

wind effects

道岔阻力 switch resistance

制动能高 velocity hump crest of retarder

双推单溜 single rolling on double pushing

track

双推双溜 double rolling on double pushing

track

压钩坡 coupler compression grade

推送速度 pushing speed

连挂速度 coupling speed

减速器入口速度 entrance speed at retarder

减速器出口速度 release speed at retarder

空挡；天窗 stop short

点式调速系统 point type speed control

system

连续式调速系统 continued type speed

control system

点连式调速系统 point-continued type speed

control system

难行车 hard rolling car

中行车 middle rolling car

易行车 easy rolling car

最易行车 easiest rolling car

驼峰高度；峰高 hump height

驼峰纵断面 hump profile

加速坡 acceleerating grade

中间坡 intermediate grade

道岔区坡 gradient within the switching area

溜放速度 rolling speed

脱钩点 separation point

钩车 cars per cut

驼峰解体能力 break-up capacity of hump

车站咽喉通过能力 carrying capacity of

station throat

牵出线改变能力 resorting capacity of lead

track

到发线通过能力 carrying capacity of

receiving-departure track

车站通过能力 carrying capacity of station

车站咽喉 station throat

编组能力 make-up capacity

平面调车场 flat marshalling yard

驼峰调车场 hump yard

驼峰调车场头部 hump yard classification

throat

驼峰调车场尾部 tail throat of a hump yard

咽喉道岔 throat point

咽喉区长度 throat length

警冲标 fouling post

车挡 bumper post

站坪 station site

进路交叉 crossing of routes

交叉疏解 crossing untwining

旅客站舍 passenger building

站台 platform

天桥 over-bridge; passenger foot-bridge

地道 underground path

行包邮政地道 tunnel for luggage and postbag

站前广场 station sqrare

客车整备所 passenger car servicing depot

旅客乘降所 passenger stop point

站场排水 yard drainage

零担仓库 scattered freight storehouse

运转室 operation office for train

receiving-departure

站调楼 yard controller’s tower

峰顶调车员室 shunter’s cabin at hump crest

驼峰连结员室 couper’s cabin at hump crest

制动员室 brakeman’s cabin

扳道房 switchman’s cabin

道岔清扫房 switch cleaner’s cabin

信号楼 signal tower

机车库 locomotive shed

6.06 铁路集装箱、托盘及运输包装

集装箱 freight container

国家标准集装箱 GB freight container

国际标准集装箱 ISO freight container

通用集装箱 general purpose container

专用集装箱 specific purpose container

封闭式通风集装箱 closed ventilated

container

敞顶集装箱 open top container

台驾式集装箱 platform based container

平台集装箱 platform container

保温集装箱 thermal container

绝热集装箱 insulated container

冷藏集装箱 refrigerated container

加热集装箱 heated container

罐式集装箱 tank container

干散货集装箱 dry bulk container

空陆水联运集装箱

air/surface container;

air/intermodal container

集装箱额定质量；集装箱总重 rating of

freight container; gross mass of freight

container

集装箱自重 tare mass of freight container

集装箱载重 payload of freight container

堆码能力 stacking capability

拴固能力 restraint capability

箱底承载能力 floor loading capability

风雨密性 weatherproofness

角件 corner fittings

叉槽 fork pockets

箱门封条 door seal gasket

鹅颈槽 goose neck tunnel

托盘 pallet

平托盘 flat pallet

单面托盘 single-deck pallet

双面托盘 double-deck pallet

箱式托盘 box pallet

立柱式托盘 post pallet

运输包装 transport package

集装袋 flexible freight container

包装储运图示标志 pictorial markings for

handling of packages

危险货物包装标志 labels for packages of

dangerous goods

包装运输试验 transporting test for package

集装化运输 containerized traffic

托盘运输 pallet traffic

集装箱运输 freight container traffic

6.07 铁路装卸

装卸搬运 handling

装卸作业机械化 handling mechanization

装卸作业自动化 handling automation

装卸能力 handling capacity

装卸作业组织 organization of handling

装卸作业量 handling volume

装卸定额 handling quota

装卸工作单 handling sheet

装卸自然吨 actual tons of handling

装卸换算吨 converted tons of handling

装卸机械作业量 handling volume by

machine

装卸机械完好率 percentage of machine

handling in good condition

装卸机械利用率 utilization ratio of machine

handling

自理装卸 handling by shipper-self

装卸费率 rate of handling charge

堆码作业 stacking operation

货垛 stack of freight

牵引车及挂车 tractor and trailer

链斗装车机 loading machine with chain

buckets

链斗卸车机 unloading machine with chain

buckets

螺旋卸车机 spiral unloading machine

叉车 fork-lift truck

翻车机 tipper; tipping plant; dumper

6.08 铁路运输安全

铁路运输安全 safety of railway traffic

运输安全系统工程 safety system engineering

of traffic

运输安全管理 safety management of traffic

运输安全检查 safety inspection of traffic

运输安全评估 safety evaluation of traffic

运输安全监察 safety supervision of traffic

运输安全控制系统 safety control system of

traffic

事故处理 settlement of accident; accident

disposal

事故记录 accident record

事故调查 accident investigation

事故预测 accident forecast

事故赔偿 accident indemnity

事故信息管理 accident information

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management

事故分析 accident analysis

责任事故 responsible accident

非责任事故 nonresponsible accident

行车事故 train operation accident

货运事故 freight traffic accident

客运事故 passenger traffic accident

行包事故 luggage and parcel traffic accident

重大事故 grave accident

大事故 serious accident

隐性事故 bad accident; dangerous accident

一般事故 ordinary accident

事故隐患 accident threat

列车事故 train accident

调车事故 accident in shunting operation

冲突 collision

挤岔 forcing open of the point

冒进信号 overrunninjg of signal

机车车辆破损 rolling stock damage

设备故障 breakdown of equipment;

equipment failure

机车车辆溜逸 runaway of locomotive or car

行车中断 traffic interruption

爆炸事故 explosion accident

火灾事故 fire accident

被盗事故 robbery accident; burglary accident

丢失事故 loss accident

损失事故 damage accident

腐坏事故 decay accident

污染事故 contamination accident

湿损事故 wet damage accident

票货分离 separation of waybill from

shipment

误交付 delivery mistake

货损率 damage rate of goods

货差率 mistake rate of goods

装卸事故 loading and unloading accident

工伤事故 accident on duty

路内人员伤亡 casualty of railway man;

on-duty casualty

路外人员伤亡 casualty of non-railway man;

not on-duty casualty

旅客伤亡 passenger casualty

事故率 accident rate

伤亡率 casualty rate

事故预防 prevention of accident; accident

averting

防护信号 protection signal

事故信号 accident signal

告警信号 warning signal

呼救信号 calling help signal

火警信号 fire alarm signal

响墩信号 torpedo

火炬信号 torch

事故救援 accident rescue

救援列车 breakdown train; rescue train

救援队 breakdown gang

救援机车 breakdown locomotive

救援起重机；救援吊车 wrecking crane

止轮器 wheel skid

封锁区间 closing the section

恢复通车 restoring traffic

6.09 铁路运输经济

铁路运输经济 railway transport economy

铁路计划 railway plan

铁路长期计划 long-term railway plan

铁路年度计划 annual railway plan

旅客运输计划 passenger traffic plan

旅客运输量 volume of passenger traffic

旅客周转量 turnover of passenger traffic

旅客平均运程 average journey per passenger

旅客乘车系数 coefficient of passengers

travelling by trains

货物运输计划 freight traffic plan

货物运输量 freight traffic volume

货物周转量 turnover of freight traffic

货物平均运程 average haul of freight traffic

货物运输系数 coefficient of freight traffic

货物经济调查 economoic investigation of

freight traffic

换算周转量 converted turnover

运量预测 forecast of traffic volume

机车车辆运用计划 rolling stock utilization

plan

车辆公里 car kilometers

总重吨公里 gross ton-kilometers

机车公里 locomotive kilometers

列车公里 train kilometers

货车检修率 ratio of freight cars under repair

列车平均总重 average train gross weight

机车检修率 ratio of locomotive under repair

铁路固定资产 railway fixed assets

低值易耗品 low value and easily wornout

articles

有形损耗 tangible wear

无形损耗 intangible wear

固定资产大修 capital repair of fixed assets

大修计划 plan of capital repair

固定资产更新改造 renewal and

reconstruction of fixed assets; renewal and

upgrading of fixed assets

更新改造计划 plan of renewal and upgrading

基本折旧率 basic depreciation rate

综合折旧率 camposite depreciation rate

分类折旧率 classified depreciation rate

基本建设计划 plan of capital construction

基本建设投资 capital construction

investment

固定资产投资 fixed asset investment

投资效果 effect of investment

项目管理 project management

项目评估 project appraisal

劳动工资计划 plan of labor and wages

铁路职工数 number of railway staff and

workers

铁路运输全员劳动生产率 labor productivity

of railway transport

劳动定额 labor norm; labor ratings

材料消耗定额 material consumption norm;

material consumption ratings

材料供应计划 material supply plan

材料申请计划 material requisition plan

运输成本 traffic cost

运输成本计划 traffic cost plan

运输支出 traffic expenditure

旅客人公里成本 cost per passenger

kilometer

计费吨公里成本 cost of charged

ton-kilometer

换算吨公里成本 cost of converted

ton-kilometer

劳动支出 variable expense

机车能耗 locomotive energy consumption

营业外支出 non-operating outlay

铁路运价 railway tariff; railway rate

旅客票价 passenger fare

基本票价 basic fare

保险费 insurance charge

货物运价 freight rate

普通运价 general rate

特定运价 special rate

货物运价里程 tariff kilometerage

计费重量 charged weight

货物运价号 freight tariff No.

货物运价率 freight rate

货运杂费 miscellaneous fees of goods traffic

铁路财务 railway finance

固定资金 fixed capital

固定资产原价 original value of fixed assets

固定资产残值 scrap value of fixed assets

固定资产退废率 rate fixed assets retirement

固定定资产更新率 rate of fixed assets

renewal

流动资金 current capital; liquid fund

流动资金周转 turnover of current capital

运输收入 traffic revenue

运输收入率 rate of traffic revenue

清算收入 clearing revenue

专用基金 special fund

铁路建设基金 railway construction fund

铁路运输周转基金 railway traffic turnover

fund

经济核算 economic accounting

经济效果 economic effects

铁路财务成果 railway finanial result

铁路财务状况 railway finanial condition

铁路运输利润 railway traffic profit

财务决算审查 financial statements review

财务管理信息系统 financial management

information system

铁道通信；铁路通信 railway communication;

railroad communication

通信 communication

信息 information

通路 path

频道 frequency channel

频带 frequency band

频率 frequency

话路 telephone channel

多路复用 multiplex

时分复用 time division multiplex

频分复用 frequency division multiplex

音频 audio frequency

话频 voice frequency

射频 radio frequency

奇偶校验码 odd-even check code

编码 coding

解码 decode

调制 modulation

解调 demodulation

检波 detection

载波 carrier [wave]

调幅 amplitude modulation

调频 frequency modulation

调相 phase modulation

脉冲 impulse; pulse

增量调制 delta modulation

脉冲编码调制 pulse code modulation

差分脉码调制 differential pulse-code

modulation

网络 network

电平 level

增益 gain

衰减 attenuation

损耗 loss

灵敏度 sensitivity

选择性 selectivity

自动增益控制 automatic gain control

噪声 noise

串音 crosstalk

近端串音 near-end crosstalk

远端串音 far-end crosstalk

串音测试器 crosstalk meter

干扰 disturbance; interference

信噪比 signal to noise ratio

分贝 decibel

比特 bit

比特率 bit rate

波特 baud

整流器 rectifier

逆变器 inverter

稳压器 voltage stabilizer

扼流圈 choke

放大器 amplifier

变频器 frequency converter

混频器 mixer

振荡器 oscillator

检波器 detecter

滤波器 filter

传输线 transmission

通信网 communication network

数字电话网 digital telephone network

数据通信网 data communication network

专用通信网 private communication network

电话 telephone

可视电话 videophone

电视会议 video conference

静止图像可视电话 still picture videophone

响度 loudness

峰值话音功率 peak speech power

27 / 37

音量 volume

送话器 transmitter

受话器 receiver

耳机 earphone

扬声器 loud-speaker

手机 handset

感应线圈 induction coil

消侧音器 anti-sidetone device

信令电路 signaling circuit

叉簧 hook switch

信号发生器 signal generator

磁石发电机 magneto

信号铃流发生器 tone and ringing generator

告警信号电路 alarm circuit

拨号盘 dial

旋转式拨号盘 rotary dial

按键式拨号盘 key pad

信令电流 signaling current

馈电电流 feeding current

中央电池 central battery

本地电池 local battery

电话机 telephone set

磁石电话机 magneto telephone set

共电电话机 common battery telephone set

自动电话机 automatic telephone set

旋转号盘电话机 rotary dial telephone set

按键电话机 key pad telephone set

可视电话机 videophone set

携带电话机 portable telephone set

录音电话机 recording phone set

扬声电话机 loud speaking telephone set

头戴送受话器 head set

插塞 plug

插孔；插座 jack

插孔排 jack strip

信号灯 signal lamp

通话计数器；电磁计数器 message register

电话网 telephone network

公用电话网 public telephone network

专用电话网 private telephone network

公用电话交换网 public switched telephone

network

电路 circuit

租用电路 leased circuit

专用电路 private circuit

用户 subscriber

主叫用户 calling party

被叫用户 called party

连接 connection

挂断 hanging up

摘机状态 off-hook

挂机状态 on-hook

拨号 dialling

拨号脉冲 dial impulse

振铃 ringing

再振铃 re-ringing

铃流 ring current

分隔 sever

监听 monitoring

强拆 forced releasing

走线架 chute; chamfer

中间配线架 intermediate distributing frame

总配线架 main distribution frame

测试台 test desk

用户引入线 subscriber's main lead-in

用户主机 subscriber's main station

分机 extension

传输性能 transmission performance

主串通路 disturbing channel

被串通路 disturbed channel

可懂串音 intelligible crosstalk

不可懂串音 unintelligible

信串比；串音防卫度 signal to crosstalk ratio

近端串音衰减 near-end crosstalk attenuation

远端串音衰减 far-end crosstalk attenuation

回声 echo

侧音 side tone

话音侧音 speech side tone

环境噪声侧音 ambient noise side tone

音量表 volume meter

可懂度 intelligibility

清晰度 articulation

音控防鸣电路 voice-operated anti-singing

circuit

音控门限电平 threshold level of

voice-operated circuit

话务量 telephone traffic

呼损率 percent of call loss

线路利用率 line efficiency

接通率 percent of call completed

分品复接 grading

架空明线 open wire

铜线 copper wire

钢线 steel wire

铜包钢线 copper-clad steel wire

钢芯铝绞线 steel-cored aluminum stranded

wire

绝缘子 insulator

横担 cross arm

电杆 pole

钢筋混凝土电杆 reinforced concrete pole

试验杆 test pole

终端杆 terminal pole

跨越杆 cross-over pole

角杆 angular pole

拉线 stay

电缆 cable

同轴电缆 coaxial cable

漏泄同轴电缆 liaky coaxial cable

对称电缆 symmetrical cable

局用电缆 central office cable

铠装电缆 armoured bable

综合电缆 composite cable

架空电缆 aerial cable

地下电缆 ground cable

海底电缆 submarine cable

屏蔽电缆 shielded cable

应急电缆 emergency cable

管道电缆 duct cable

直埋电缆 buried cable

水底电缆 subaqueous cable

进局电缆 entrance cable

主干电缆 main cable

配线电缆 distribution cable

链接电缆 link cable

成端电缆 formed cable

尾巴电缆 stub cable

加感电缆 loaded cable

交接箱 cross-connecting box

加感箱 loading coil box

分线箱 distribution box with protectors

分线盒 distrbution box without protectors

高频分线盒 high frequency terminal box

匹配变压器 impedance matching transformer

气闭头 gas-tight block

电缆管道 cable duct

电缆套管 cable sleeve

手孔 hand hole

电缆标石 cable marking stake

电缆充气维护设备 cable gas-feeding

equipment

炭精避雷器 carbon arrester

充气避雷器 gas filled arrester

陶瓷避雷器 ceramic arrester

保安器 protector

纵向扼流线圈 longitudinal choke coil

排流线圈 drainage coil

避雷线 lightning conductor

架空地线 aerial earth wire

杆上工作台 pole balcony

线障脉冲测试器 pulse echo fault locator

卤素查漏仪 halogen leak detector

超声波查漏仪 ultrasonic leak detector

电缆障碍探测器 cable fault detector

气敏查漏仪 gas-sensitive leak detector

兆欧表 meger

直流电桥 direct current bridge

阻抗电桥 impedance bridge

导纳电桥 admittance bridge

环路电阻 loop resistance

绝缘电阻 insulation resistance

不平衡电阻 unbalanced resistance

特性阻抗 characteristic impedance

垂度 sag

角深 pull

交叉制式 transposition system

基本交叉间隔 fundamental transposition

interval

交叉偏差 deviation from transposition

interval

交叉指数 transposition index

交叉区 transposition section

集总加感 lumped loading

加感节距 loading coil spacing

分级保护 cascade protection

参考当量 reference equivalent

长途通信网 toll communication network

通信枢纽 communication center

局通信枢纽 communication center of reilway

administration

局间通信枢纽 communication center

between several railway administration

分通信枢纽 sectional communication center

of railway branch administration

通信总枢纽 master communication center of

railway whole administration

通信端站 terminal toll office

干线长途通信网 trunk communication

metwork

局线长途通信网 railway administration toll

communication network

干线长途通信 trunk communication

局线长途通信 toll communication within

railway administration

铁路长途电话网 railway long distance

telephone network

铁路长途字冠 prefix number for railway toll

call

长途电话交换机 toll telephone switching

system

长途接续台 manual toll switching board

长途半自动接续台 toll switch board for

semi-automatic operation

长途业务台 toll service desk

长途调度台 trunk dispatcher switchboard

记录台 recording desk

班长台 chief operator's desk

查号台 information desk

绳路 cord circuit

座席电路 operator's circuit

中继电路；中继器 trunk circuit

出中继电路；出中继器 outgoing trunk circuit

入中继电路；入中继器 incoming trunk

circuit

溢呼 overflow call

迂回中继 alternative trunking

长途自动接续 toll automatic dialling

长途半自动接续 toll semi-automatic dialling

点对点长途自动接续 point to point toll

automatic dialling

长途自动电话 toll automatic telephone

长途自动电话中继器 toll automatic

switching repeater

长途电话所 toll telephone office

长途中继线 toll junction line

记录制 record [demand] working

立接制 no-delay [demand] working

呼叫信号 calling signal

拨号音 dialling tone

忙音 busy tone

回铃音 ring back tone

通知音 warning tone

喀音 click

高频转接段 high frequency section

音频转接段 audio frequency section

低频干扰防卫度 signal to low frequency

interference rate

频[率]偏[差] frequency offset

通路线性 channel linearity

载波遥接话路 carrier channel connected to

28 / 37

telephone line

载波调度电话中继器 carrier adaptor for

dispatching telephone

导频无人增音机 pilot unattended repeater

地温折返无人增音机 unattended repeater

with ground temperature compensation and

powerfeed loop back地温通过无人增音机

unattended repeater with ground temperature

compensation and powerpassing

中间线路滤波器 intermediate line filter

基群配线架 basic group distribution frame

超群配线架 supergroup distribution frame

进局设备 incoming equipment

干线调度电话 trunk dispatchting telephone

局线调度电话 dispatching telephone within

railway administration

干线会议电话 trunk conference telephone

局线会议电话 telephone conference within

railway adminidtration

全分配制会议电话 conference telephone of

full-distribution system

半分配制会议电话 telephone conference of

semi-distribution system

会议电话总机 conference telephone central

board

会议电话汇接机 conference telephone

tandem board

会议电话分机 conference telephone subset

载频 carrier frequency

导频 pilot frequency

载漏 carrier leak

前群 pregroup

基群 basic group

超群 super group

主群 master group

平调 flat regulation

斜调 slope regulation

载频同步 carrier frequency synchronization

通路净衰竭 channel net loss

载波通信 carrier communication

明线通信 open-wire communication

对称电缆通信 symmetrical cable

communication

同轴电缆通信 coaxial cable communication

增音站 repeater station

群转接站 group through-connection station

终端站 terinal station

载波电话终端机 carrier telephone terminal

载波电话增音机 carrier telephone repeater

有人增音机 attended repeater

无人增音机 unatended repeater

载供系统 carrier supply system

自动电平调节系统 automatic level

regulating system

均衡系统 equalizing system

远供系统 remote power feeding system

业务通信系统 service communication system

告警系统 alarm system

音频终端装置 sudio frequency terminating

set

振铃器 signaling equipment

群调制器 group modulator

群解调器 group demodulator

群放大器 group amplifier

线路放大器 line amplifier

载频放大器 carrier amplifier

导频放大器 pilot amplifier

调节放大器 regulating amplifier

发信放大器 transmitting amplifier

收信放大器 receiving amplifier

主振器 master-oscillator

振铃信号振荡器 ringing signal oscillator

假线 building-out network

仿真线 artificial line

混合线圈 htbrid coil

方向滤波器 directional filter

线路滤波器 line filter

串音抑制滤波器 crosstalk suppression filter

引入架 lead-in rack

试验架 test rack

引入试验架 lead-in test rack

杂音测试器 psophometer

白噪声测试器 white noise test set

电平表 level meter

选频电平表 selective level meter

通路固有杂音 channel basic noise

忙时串杂音 busy hour crosstalk and noise

线路杂音 line noise

制际串音 inter-system crosstalk

路际串音 inter-channel crosstalk

通路频率特性 channel frepuency

characteristic

通路振幅特性 channel amplitude

characteristic

通路串杂音防卫度 channel signal to

crosstalk and noise ratio

通路振鸣边际 channel singing margin

脉码调制终端机 PCM terminal

数字复接设备 digital multiplex equipment

误码测试仪 code error tester

相位抖动测量仪 phase jitter tester

码型发生器 pattern generator

抽样 sample

量化 quantizing

判决值 decision value

压扩律 compaanding law

一次群 primary group

二次群 secondary group

码速调整 code rate justification

再生中继 regeneration and repetition

定时抖动 timing jitter

地区电话网 local telephone network

铁路地区电话 railway local telephone

单局制 single-office system

多局制 multi-office system

分电话所 branch telephone office

中心电话所 central telephone office

汇接电话所 tandem telephone office

支电话所 minor telephone office

人工电话所 manual telephone office

地区电话交换机 local telephone switching

system

磁石电话交换机 magneto telephone switch

board

共电电话交换机 common battery telephone

switch board

步进制电话交换机 step-by-step telephone

switching system

纵横制电话交换机 crossbar telephone

switching system

电子电话交换机 electronic telephone

switching system

程控电话交换机 stored program controlled

telephone switching system

记发器 register

发码器 code sender

译码器 decoder

标志器 marker

直插用户 direct plug-in subscriber

限制用户 limited subscriber

特种用户 special subscriber

远距用户 distant subscriber

台间联络线；座席间中继线 interposition

trunk

局间直通中继方式 inter office through trunk

主叫控制复原方式 calling subscriber

demandeur

被叫控制复原方式 called subscriber release

互不控制复原方式 called and calling

subscriber release

区段通信 division communication

中间站公务电话；各站电话 interstation

telephone

列车调度电话 train dispatching telephone

货运调度电话 freight dispatching telephone

电力调度电话 power dispatching telephone

站间行车电话；闭塞电话 interstation train

operation telephone; blocking telephone

养路电话 track maintenance telephone

区间电话 track-side telephone

桥隧守护电话 buidge and tunnel guarder

telephone

区间电话转接机

track-side telephone

switching device

共线自动电话 tarty-line automatic telephone

音频选叫 VF selective calling

全呼 general calling

组呼 group calling

单呼 individual calling

音选调度电话总机 dispatching telephone

control board with VF selective calling

音选调度电话分机 dispatching telephone

subset with VF selective calling

音选调度电话汇接分配器；调度分配器

tandem distributor for dispatching telephone

with FV selective calling

调度所选叫通话箱 selective calling and

talking box for dispatching office

音选同线电话总机 tarty-line telephone

control board with VF silective calling

音选同线电话分配器 praty-line telephone

distributor for VF selective calling

音选同线电话分机 party-line telephone

subset with VF selective calling

音选双向增音机；双向增音机 two-way

repeater for VF selective calling; two-way

repeater

音选调度电话滤波器 bridging filter for

dispatching telephone with VF selective

calling

指挥电话总机 command telephone control

board

列车确报电报 train out report telegraph

站场通信 station-yard communication

铁路站内电话 railway station telephone

扳道电话 switchman's telephone

电话集中器 concentrated telephone unit

扩音转接机 control set for sound amplifying

in yard

扩音柱 speaking post in yard

光纤 optical fiber

单模光纤 single-mode optical fiber

多模渐变型光纤 graded index multimode

optical fiber

芯径 core diameter

包层直径 cladding diameter

被覆层 coating

折射率分布 refrative-index profile

数值孔径 numerical aperture

模场直径 mode field diameter

芯同心度 core concentricity

芯不圆度 non-circularity of core

全反射 total internal reflection

传导模 guided modes

辐射模 radiation modes

漏泄模 leaky modes

衰减常数 attenuation constant

色散常数 chromatic dispersion constant

近场 near field

远场 far field

截止波长 cut-off wavelength

光纤带宽 bandwidth of an optical fiber

光线路终端设备 optical line terminal

equipment

平均输出光功率 average optical output

power

接收机灵敏度 receiver sensitivity

接收机动态范围 receiver dynamic range

工作波长 operating wavelength

光传输模式 optical transmission mode

光源 optical source

激光器 laser

发光二极管 light-emitting diode; LED

光探测器 optical detector

光连接器 optical connector

光适配器 optical adapter

光衰减器 optical attenuator

系统余度 system margin

光[再生]中继器 optical [regenerative]

repeater

29 / 37

光接口 optical interface

光纤分配器 optical fiber distribution frame

光缆 optical fiber cable

综合光缆 combined optical fiber cable

加强构件 tension member

护套 sheath

缓冲层 buffer layer

填充线 interstitial wire

充油型光缆 jelly filled type optical fiber

cable

充气维护型光缆 gas maintenance type

optical fiber cable

光纤融接机 optical fiber fusion splicing

machine

光纤切断器 optical fiber cutter

光纤剥除机 optical fiber stripper

光缆接头 optical fiber cable joint closure

保护套管 protection sleeve

光功率计 optical power meter

稳定光源 stabilized light source

光时域反射仪 optical time domain

reflectometer

瑞利散射 Rayleigh scattering

菲涅尔反射 Fresnel reflection

反向反射信号 backseattered signal

光纤接续损耗 optical fiber splice loss

光纤通信系统 optical fiber communication

system

光纤数字线路系统 optical fiber digital line

system

光再生[中继]段 optical regenerator section

光数字段 optical digital section

光线路保护切换设备 optical line protection

switching equipment

监视系统 supervision system

波分复用 wavelength division multiplex

铁路无线通信 railway radio communication

铁路移动无线通信 railway mobile

communication

铁路无线电中继通信 relay radio

communication for railway

铁路感应无线电通信 inductive radio

communication for railway

单边带通信 single side band communication

单工无线电通信 simplex radio

communication

同频单工无线电通信 same-frequency

simplex radio communication

异频单工无线电通信 different-frequency

simplex radio communication

双工无线电通信 duplex radio

communication

半双工无线电通信 semi-duplex radio

communication

单双工兼容无线电通信 compatible

simplex-duplex radio communication

最小可用接受电平 minimum available

receiving level

最小接收场强 minimum receiving field

strength

场强中值 median of field strength

干扰电压 interference voltage

干扰场强 interference field strength

载噪比 carrier-to-noise ratio

无线电干扰 radio interference; radio

disturbance

传导干扰 conducted interference

辐射干扰 radiated interference

互调干扰 intermodulation interference

交调干扰 cross modulation interference

同频干扰 same frequency interference

邻道干扰 adjacent channel interference

阻塞干扰 block interference

越区干扰 overshooting interference

电力牵引干扰 electric traction interference

工业干扰 industrial interference

正向传播 forward propagation

反向传播 reverse propagation

多径传播 multipath propagation

衰落 fading

干涉场 interference field

场强覆盖区 field strength coverage

弱电场区 weak electric field area

隧道弱电场区 weak electric field area in

tunnel

通信盲区 communication blind district

同频干扰区 same frequency interference area

mode

跟踪接收方式 tracking-receiving mode

频率跟踪切换方式

frequency tracking

switching mode

频道切换阈值 threshold for channel

switching

频率定点切换 fixed-point frequency

wave station

短波通信车 short wave radio communication

vehicle

铁路电视 railway TV

客运监视电视 monitor TV for passenger

service

旅客问讯电视 TV for passenger information

近场区 near field area

远场区 far field area

空间[波]传播方式 space-wave propagation

mode

感应传播方式 inductive transmission mode

波导线传输方式 transmission mode with

waveguide line

漏泄同轴电缆传输方式 transmission mode

with leaky coaxible cable

中技传输方式 relay transmission mode

无线电台 radio station

固定电台；基地台 base station

移动电台 mobile station

便携电台 portable radio set

机车电台 locomotive station

车长电台 train conductor's station

车站电台 station radio set

中心电台 center station

无线话筒 wireless transmitter

无线寻呼机 radio paging set

差转电台 radio repeating set

隧道中继器 tunnel repeater

频道选择器 channel selector

频组选择器 group frequency selector

定向天线 directional antenna

全向天线 omnidirectional antenna

加顶圆盘机车天线 disc-loading locomotive

antenna

加顶垂直折合机车天线 vertical loading

folded locomotive antenna

峰值检波器 peak detector

准峰值检波器 quasi-peak detector

平均值检波器 average detector

均方根值检波器 root mean square detector

无线电干扰测量仪 radio interference meter

电磁兼容[性] electromagnetic compatibility

无线电守候状态 radio set in stand-by state

分集接收 diversity reception

空间分集 space diversity

频率分集 frequency diversity

列车无线电通信 train radio communication

感应式列车无线电通信 inductive train radio

communication

列车无线电通信系统 train radio

communication system

列车无线电调度通信 radio dispatching

communication for train

接发车无线电通信 radio communication for

train reception and starting

列车业务无线电通信 radio communication

for train service

列车广播 broadcasting for train

多机牵引无线电通信 radio communication

for multipleoperated locomotive units

列车旅客无线电话 passenger radiotelephone

on train

列车无线电调度总机 office equipment for

radio train dispatching

列车无线电调度转接分机 transfer branch set

for radio train dispatching

隧道功率分配器 power divider in tunnel

控制信号检波器 control signal detector

波导线 waveguide line

通话请求 calling request

通话命令 calling order

通话锁闭 calling block

呼叫检查 calling check

自环检测 self-loop test

遥控转发 telecontrol repeat

频组方式 frequency group mode

四频组方式 four-frequincy group mode

独立同步方式 indivdual synchronized mode

传送同步方式 transmission synchronized

switching

控制信号 control signal

监测信号 monitor signal

频道空闲信号 path free signal

信道空闲信号 channel free signal

导音频信号 pilot audio frequency signal

选控信号 selectivity signal

紧急信号 emergency signal

紧急呼叫 emergency call

选呼 selective call

音频组合选呼 selective call with audio

frequency coding

数字编码选呼 selective call with digital pulse

coding

站场无线电通信 station-yard radio

communication

站场感应通信 inductive communication in

yard and station

客运业务无线电通信 radio communication

for passenger service

调车无线电通信 radio communication for

shunting

列检无线电通信 radio communication for

train inspection

车号员无线电通信 radio communication for

number taker

站场无线电中继转发台 radio relay set in

yard and station

调车信号音 shunting tone

紧急制动信号音 emergency braking tone

调车呼叫信号音 shunting calling tone

铁路告警无线电通信 radio communication

for railway railway warning

铁路防护无线电通信 radio communication

for railway protection

施工防护无线电通信 radio communication

for protection of construction

道口防护无线电通信 radio communication

for highway crossing protection

列车防护无线电通信 radio communication

for train protection

列车接近传感器 train approaching sensor

列车接近告警无线电通信 radio

communication for warning of train

approaching

工务维修无线电通信 radio communication

for track maintenance

机务维修无线电通信 radio communication

for maintenance of locomotive

电务维修无线电通信 radio communication

for maintenance of signal and communication

equipment

工程施工无线电通信 radio communication

for engineering construction

勘测设计无线电通信 radio communication

for survey and design

巡道工无线电通信 radio communication for

track walker

客站货场无线电通信 station and freight yard

radio communication

铁路公安无线电通信 radio communication

for railway public security

应急救灾无线电通信 radio communication

for emergency purpose

救援列车无线电通信 radio communication

for train relieving

专运列车无线电通信 radio communication

for special train

铁路短波通信 short wave communication for

railway

铁路应急短波通信 short wave

communication for railway emergency

短波单边带无线电台 single side-band short

30 / 37

service

检票监视电视 monitor TV for ticket check

站场监视电视 monitor TV for yard and

station

货场监视电视 monitor TV for freight yard

商务检查电缆 TV for railway commerce

inspection

检车电视 TV for inspection

车号抄录电视 TV for record vehicle number

道口监视电视 monitor TV for gateway

crossing

列车闭路电视 cable TV on train

水下监视电视 monitor TV under water

铁路微波中继通信 microwave relay

communication for railway

模拟微波中继通信 analog microwave relay

communication

数字微波中继通信 digital microwave relay

communication

微波通信 microwave communication

移动微波通信 mobile microwave

communication

微波通信车 microwave communication

vehicle

卫星通信 satellite communication

应急卫星通信 emergency satellite

communication

通信卫星 communication satellite

地球站 earth station

车载地球站 vehicle earth station

扩频通信 spread spectrum communication

跳频通信 frequency hopping communication

移动通信 mobile communication

个人通信 personal communication

铁路无线电遥控 radio telecontrol for railway

机车无线电遥控；机车无线电操控 radio

telecontrol for locomotive; locomotive

radio-control

驼峰调车机车无线电遥控 radio telecontrol

of locomotive for shunting at hump

无线电测距 radio distance-measurement

无线电机车信号 radio locomotive signal

无线电调车信号 radio shunting signal

驼峰无线电调车信号 radio shunting signal at

hump

平面无线电调车信号 radio operated signal

for level shunting

电报[通信]网 telegraph network

电报通信 telegraph communication

电码 code

电传机 teletype

人工电报机 manual telegraph set

电键 key

纸带发报机 tape transmitter

中文译码机 Chinese character code

translation equipment

键盘 keyboard

载波电报终端机 carrier telegraph terminal

时分多路电报设备 time division multiplex

telegraph equipment

自动检错重发设备 automatic retransmission

on request equipment; ARQ equipment

电报交换机 telegraph switching equipment

起止信号发生器 start-stop signal generator

起止信号畸变测试器 start-stop signal

distortion tester

用户电报 telex subscriber's telegraph

莫尔斯电码 Morse code

五单位数字保护电码 protected 5-unit

numerical code

单工 simplex operation

双工 duplex operation

半双工无线电通信 half-duplex operation

单流 single current

双流 double current

通报速率 telegraph rate

偏畸变 bias distortion

特性畸变 characteristic distortion

不规则畸变 fortuitous distortion

起止式 start-stop type

回车 carriage return

换行 line feed

退格 back space

间隔 space

空白 blank

输纸孔 feed holes

电码孔 code holes

电路交换 circuit switching

电文交换 message switching

传真机 facimile apparatus; Fax

传真发送机 facsimile transmitter

传真接收机 facsimile receiver

传真收发机 facsimile transceiver

相片传真机 photographic facsimile apparatus

文件传真机 document facsimile apparatus

数据通信 data communication

数据信号速率 data signaling rate

数据传送率 data transfer rate

频移键控 frequency shift keying；FSK

相移键控 phase shift keying；PSK

曼彻斯特编码 Manchester encoding

二进制编码 binary encoding

双二进制编码 doubinary encoding

多电平编码 multilevel encoding

报文 message

标题 heading

报头 header

正文 text

包；分组 packet；package

码组 block

互换 interchange

交换 exchange; switching

透明传送 transparent transfer

吞吐量 throughput

状态转移图 state transition diagram

访问；接入 access

选件；选项 option

缺省值 default value

数据网[络] data network

公用数据网 public data network

专用数据网 private data network

广域网 wide area network; WAN

局域网 local area network; LAN

分级网络；分层网 hierarchical network

树形网络 tree network

网形网络 mesh network

星形网络 star network

环形网络 ring network

集中式网络 centralized network

分布式网络 distributed network

计算机网络 computer network

通信子网 communication subnet

包交换网；分组交换网 packet switching

network

结点 node

网络互连 inter operation

网络管理 network management

开放系统互连 open system interconnection；

OSI

网关 gateway

总线网络 bus network

以太网 ethernet

通信协议 communication protocol

双向同时通信 two-way simultaneous

communication

双向交替通信 two-way alternate

communication

单向通信 one-way communication

同步通信 synchronous communication

异步通信 asynchronous communication

虚电路 virtual circuit

双工传输 duplex transmission

半双工传输 half-duplex transmission

单工传输 dimplex transmission

并行传输 parallel transmission

串行传输 serial transmission

同步传输 synchronous transmission

异步传输 asynchronous transmission

双向传输 bidirectional transmission

单向传输 unidirectional transmission

突发传输 burst transmission

基带 baseband

基带传输 baseband transmission

差错控制 error control

差错恢复 error recovery

检错码 error detecting code

纠错码 error correcting code

循环冗余检验 cyclic redundancy check;

CRC

奇偶校验 parity check

纵横奇偶检验 vertical horizontal parity

多点连接 multipoint connection

点对点连接 point to point connection

正向信道 forward channel

反向信道 backward channel

信道容量 channel capacity

数据链路 data link

链路管理 link management

多链路 multilink

确认 acknowledge; ACK

否认 negative acknowledge ; NAK

码元 element

时隙 time slot

自动应答 automatic answering

自动呼叫 automatic calling

畸变 distortion

码组校验 block check

广播呼叫 broadcast call

主叫；主呼 calling

被叫；被呼 called

字符 character

字符检验 character check

相干调制 coherrent modulation

组合站 combined station

控制字符 control character

控制站 control station

循环码 cyclic code

数据 data

数据信道 data channel

数据电路端接设备 data circuit terminating

equipment

数据终端设备 data terminal equipment

集中器 concentrator

数据站 data station

差分调制 differential modulation

差分移相键控 differential phase shift

keying；DPSK

回波效应 echo effect

位同步 bit synchronizing

共线信令系统 common channel signaling

system

码组结束信号 end-of-block signal

正文结束信号 end-of-text signal

传输结束信号 end-of-transmission signal

突发差错 burst error

信息反馈重发纠错 error correction by

information feed-back repetition

反馈重发纠错 error correction by feed-back

repetition

差错检测 error detection

固有畸变 inherrent distortion

链路协议 link protocol

规程 procedure

主站 master station

从站 slave station

调制解调器 modem

包交换；分组交换 packet switching

永久虚拟电路 permanent virtual circuit

轮询；探询 polling

选择 selecting

主控站 primary station

恢复规程 recovery procedure

请求数据传送 request data transfer

31 / 37

差错漏检率 residual error-rate

受控站 secondary station

信号质量检测 signal quality detection

码组起始信号 start-of-block signal

报头开始信号 start-of-head signal

正文开始信号 start-of-text signal

起止信号 start-stop signal

存储转发 store and forward

发送信道 transmit channel

接收信道 receive channel

流量控制 flow control

窗口 window

抖动 jitter

阻塞 congestion

未检出差错 undetected error

宽带信道 wide-band channel

虚呼叫 virtual call

缩位地址 abbreeviated address

误比特率；误码率 bit-error rate

误字率 character-error rate

误阻率 block-error rate

中间设备 intermediate equipment

逻辑信道 logical channel

重定向 redirection

协议 protocol

交互式协议 interactive protocol

面向字符协议 character-oriented protocol

面向比特协议 bit-oriented protocol

协议规范 protocol specification

链路控制规程 link control procedure

基本型链路控制规程 basic link control

procedure

通信控制字符 communication control

character

重传 retransmission

一致性测试 conformance testing

前置机 front-end processor

通信处理机 communication processor

通信控制器 communication controller

通信接口 communication interface

包装/拆器；分组装拆器 packet

asssembler/disassembler；PAD

包式终端；分组式终端 packet mode terminal

帧格式 frame format

定界符 delimiter

帧首定界符 frames start delimiter

地址 address

源点地址 source address

终点地址 destination address

连接方式 connection mode

无连接方式 connectionless mode

始发者 originator

接受者 receptor

本地终端 local terminal

远程终端 remote terminal

拨号终端 dial-up terminal

虚拟终端 virual terminal

铁道信号；铁路信号 railway signaling;

railroad signaling

区间信号 wayside signaling

车站信号 signaling at stations

信号 signal

视觉信号 visual signal

听觉信号 audible signal

昼间信号 day signal

夜间信号 night signal

昼夜通用信号 signal for day and night

固定信号 fixed signal

移动信号 movable signal

机车信号；机车自动信号 cab signal

地面信号 ground signal

手信号 hand signal

闪光信号 flashing signal

速差制信号 speed signaling

选路制信号 route signaling

行车信号 train signal

调车信号 shunting signal

进行信号；允许信号 proceed signal

注意信号 caution signal

减速信号 restriction signal

停车信号 stop signal

绝对信号 absolute signal

容许信号 permissible signal

接车信号 receiving signal

发车信号 departure signal

通过信号 through signal

引导信号 calling-on signal

预告信号 approaching signal

复示信号 repeating signal

遮断信号 obstruction signal

驼峰信号 humping signal

推动信号 start humping signal

允许预推信号 permissive prehumping signal

加速推送信号 humping fast signal

减速推送信号 humping slow signal

下峰信号 down jump trimming signal

后退信号 backing signal

去禁溜线信号 shunting signal to prohibitive

humping line

最大限制信号 most restrictive signal

极大限制信号 more restrictive

最大允许信号 most favorable signal

较大允许信号 more favorable signal

敌对信号 conflicting signal

信号显示 signal aspect and indication

错误显示 wrong indication

乱显示 false indication

显示距离 range of a signal

信号开放 signal at clear

信号关闭 signal at stop

信号机 signal

色灯信号机 color-light signal

透镜式色灯信号机；多灯信号机 multi-lenses

signal

探照式色灯信号机 searchlight signal

臂板信号机 semaphore signal

机械臂板信号机 mechanically operated

semaphore signal

电动臂板信号机 electric semaphore signal

单线臂板信号机 single wire semaphore

signal

双线臂板信号机 double wire semaphore

signal

高柱信号机 high signal

矮型信号机 dwarf signal

信号托架 signal bracket

信号桥 signal bridge

进站信号机 home signal

出站信号机；出发信号机 starting signal

总出站信号机；总出发信号机 advance

starting signal

线群出站信号机；线群出发信号机 group

starting signal

进路信号机 route signal

接车进路信号机 route signal for receiving

发车进路信号机 route signal for departure

接发车进路信号机 route signal for

receiving-departure

通过信号机 block signal

主体信号机 main signal

丛属信号机 dependent signal

预告信号机 distant signal

行车信号机 train signal

调车信号机 shunting signal

驼峰信号机 hump signal

驼峰复示信号机 humping signal repeater

遮断信号机 obstruction signal

遮断预告信号机 approach obstruction signal

复示信号机 repeating signal

双面调车信号机 signal for shunting forward

and backward

咽喉信号机 signal in throat section

尽头信号机 signal for stub-end track

组合式信号机构 modular type signal

mechanism

表示器 indicator

进路表示器 route indicator

发车表示器 departure indicator

调车表示器 shunting indicator

发车线路表示器 departure track indicator

标志 sign ; market

道岔表示器 switch indicator

脱轨表示器 derail indicator

线路遮断表示器 track obstruction indicator

水鹤表示器 water crane indicator

车挡表示器 buffer stop indicator

带柄道岔表示器 switch indicator with level

站界标 station limit sign

预告标 warning signs for approaching a

station

信号无效标 signal out of order sign

联锁 interlocking

联锁设备 interlocking equipment

集中联锁 centralized interlocking

机械集中联锁 mechanical interlocking

电机集中联锁 electro-mechanical

interlocking

电气集中联锁 electric interlocking

继电式电气集中联锁 all-relay interlocking

单独操纵继电式电气集中联锁 individual

level type all-relay interlocking

进路继电式电气集中联锁 route type

all-relay interlocking

微机-继电式电气集中联锁

microcomputer-relay interlocking

微机联锁 microcomputer interlocking

大站电气集中联锁 relay interlocking for

large station

小站电气集中联锁 relay interlocking for

small station

调车区电气集中联锁 interlocking for

shunting area

组合式电气集中联锁 unit-block type relay

interlocking

组匣式电气集中联锁 modular type relay

interlocking

非集中集中联锁 non-centralized interlocking

联锁箱联锁 interlocking by point detector

电锁器联锁 interlocking by electric locks

色灯电锁器联锁 interlocking by electric

locks with color light-signals

臂板电锁器联锁 interlocking by electric

locks with semaphore

电动臂板电锁器联锁 interlocking by electric

locks with electric semaphore

自动点灯 automatic lighting

锁闭 locking

进路锁闭 route locking

接近锁闭 approach locking

照查锁闭 check locking

区段锁闭 section locking

道岔锁闭 switch [point] locking

道岔密贴 switch[point] closure

4毫米锁闭 check 4mm opening of a switch

point

防止重复 prevention for repetitive clear of a

signal

电气锁闭 electric locking

机械锁闭 mechanical locking

定位锁闭 normal locking

反位锁闭 reverse locking

定反位锁闭 normal and reverse locking

解锁 release

进路解锁 route release

进路一次解锁 route release at once

进路分段解锁 sectional release of a locked

route

人工解锁 manual release

进路人工解锁 manual route release

道岔人工解锁 manual release of a locked

switch

限时人工解锁 manual time release

不限时人工解锁 manual non-time release

自动限时解锁 automatic time release

两点检查 released by checking two sections

三点检查 released by checking three sections

四点检查 released by checking four sections

基本进路 basic route

迂回进路 detour route; alternative route

对向重叠进路 route with overlapped section

32 / 37

in opposite direction

顺向重叠进路 route with overlapped section

in the same direction

延续进路 successive route

表示 indication

接近表示 approach indication

离去表示 departure indication

道岔表示 switch indication

信号表示 signal indication

信号开放表示 cleared signal indication

信号关闭表示 stop signal indication

进路锁闭表示 route locking indication

人工解锁表示 manual release indication

按钮表示 button indication

道岔定位表示 switch normal indication

道岔反位表示 switch reverse indication

线路占用表示 track occupancy indication

区段占用表示 section occupancy indication

道岔锁闭表示 switch locked indication

光点式表示 spotted indication light

光带式表示 strip indication light

报警 alarm

主灯丝断丝报警 alarm for burnout of a main

filament

灯丝断丝报警 alarm for burnout of filament

熔断器断丝报警 fuse break alarm

接地报警 grounding alarm

挤岔报警 alarm for a trailed switch

道岔启动 switch starting

道岔转换 switch in transition

道岔顺序启动 sequential starting of switches

道岔顺序转换 sequential transiting of

switches

局部控制 local control

双重控制 dual control

排列进路 route setting

预排进路 presetting of a route

取消进路 to cancel a route

解锁进路 released route

选路 route selection

非进路调车 to hold route for shunting

中途返回；中途折返 midway return operation

防护道岔 protective turnout

带动道岔 switch with follow up movement

联锁道岔 interlocked switch

非联锁道岔 non-interlocked switch

集中道岔 centrally operated switch

非集中道岔 locally operated switch

联锁区 interlocking area

非联锁区 non-interlocking area

道岔区段 section with a switch or switches

无岔区段 section without a switch

线路区段 track section

接近区段 approach section

第一接近区段 first approach section

第二接近区段 second approach section

离去区段 departure section

第一离去区段 first departure section

第二离去区段 second departure section

联锁图表 interlocking chart and table

联锁表 interlocking table

进路表 route sheet

安全电路 vital circuit; safety circuit

非安全电路 non-vital circuit

励磁电路 energizing circuit

自闭电路；自保电路 self-stick circuit

站场型网路 geographical circuitry

继电并联网路 parallel relay network

继电串联网路 series relay network

继电并联传递网路 successively worked

parallel relay network

单断 single break

双断 double break

重复检查 repeated checking

极性检查电路 polarity checking circuit

送受分开电路 sending and receiving

separated circuit

灭火花电路 apark extinguishing circuit

基本联锁电路 fundamental interlocking

circuit

进路电路 route selecting circuit

锁闭电路 locking circuit

解锁电路 release circuit

信号控制电路 signal control circuit

信号机点灯电路 signal lighting circuit

道岔控制电路 switch control circuit

表示电路 indication circuit

联系电路 liaison circuit

区间联系电路 liaison circuit with block

signaling

自动闭塞联系电路 liaison circuit with

automatic blocks

半自动闭塞联系电路 liaison circuit with

semi-automatic blocks

站间联系电路 liaison circuit between stations

牵纵拐肘 escapement

转辙锁闭器 plunger lock

转换锁闭器 switch-and-lock mechanism

尖端杆 front rod of a point

密贴调整杆 adjustable switch operating rod

导线装置 wire installation

导线反正扣 wire-adjusting screw

导线调整器 wire compensator

导线平轮 horizontal wheel

导线立轮 vertical wheel

导线导轮 wire carrier

导线平轮组 horizontal wheel assembly

信号选别器 signal slot

轨道接触器 track treadle

电锁器 electric lock

半自动化驼峰系统 semi-automatic hump

yard system

机械化驼峰设备 mechanized hump yard

equipment

非机械化驼峰设备 unmechanized hump yard

equipment

错溜 miseroute

静态长度 car space

追钩 catch up

侧撞 cornoring

动态长度 distance-to-go

分路道岔；分歧道岔 branching turnout

驼峰电气集中 electric interlocking for hump

yard

单独操纵作业；手动作业 manual operation

场间联系电路 liaison circuit between yards

机务段联系电路 liaison circuit with a

locodepot

站内道口联系电路 liaison circuit with

highway crossings within the station

非进路调车调路 circuit to hold a route for

shunting

局部控制电路 local control circuit

下坡道防护电路 protection circuit for

approaching heavy down grade

到发线出岔电路 protection circuit with

switch lying in receiving-departure track

进路表示器电路 route indicator circuit

发车表示器电路 departure indicator circuit

调车表示器电路 shunting indicator circuit

通过按钮电路 through button circuit

自动通过按钮电路 automatically through

button circuit

控制台 control desk

操纵台 operating console

表示盘 indicating panel

控制盘 control panel

解锁按钮盘 manual release button panel

同意按钮盘 agreement button panel

组合 unit block

组匣 modular block

组合器 unit block assembly rack

综合架 composite rack

组合柜 unit block rack

组匣柜 modular block rack

分线盘 distributing terminal board

控制台单元 control desk element

手柄 handle; knob

拉钮 pull-out button

按钮 push-in button

自复式按钮 nonstick button

非自复式按钮 stick button

表示灯 indication lamp

信号复示器 signal repeater

光带 light strip

汇流条 bus-bar

分线盘端子 terminals on distributing board

电源端子 terminals for power supplies

零层端子 terminals of layer 0 of a relay rack

组合端子 terminals of a unit block

组匣端子 terminals of a modular block

继电器箱 relay case

继电器防振架 shock absorber base for relays

变压器箱 transformer box

局部控制盘 local control panel

地中电缆盒 underground cable terminal box

杆上电缆盒 cable terminal box on a post

分向电缆盒 cable branching terminal box

中间电缆盒 intermediate cable terminal box

终端电缆盒 cable terminal box

联锁箱 point detector

道岔握柄 switch lever

信号握柄 signal lever

导管装置 pipe installation

导管调整器 pipe compensator

接杆 pipe jaw

连接杆 pipe link