ASTM_D 4329-2005 塑料的荧光紫外暴露试验标准

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2024年6月6日发(作者：)

Designation:D4329–05

StandardPracticefor

FluorescentUVExposureofPlastics

1

ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD4329;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearof

originaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,rinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.A

superscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.

*

1.1Thispracticecoversspecificproceduresandtestcondi-

tionsthatareapplicableforfluorescentUVexposureofplastics

conductedinaccordancewithPractices

practicealsocoversthepreparationoftestspecimens,thetest

conditionsbestsuitedforplastics,andtheevaluationoftest

results.

1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsareberegardedasstandard.

Thevaluesgiveninbracketsareforinformationonly.

1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthe

safetyconcerns,ifany,e

responsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-

priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-

bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.

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1—ThispracticeistechnicallysimilartoISO4892-3.

G177TablesforReferenceSolarUltravioletSpectralDis-

tributions:Hemisphericalon37DegreeTiltedSurface

2.2ISOStandard:

3

ISO4892-3Plastics—MethodsofExposuretoLaboratory

LightSources—Part3,FluorescentUVLamps

2.3SAEStandard:

4

SAEJ2020AcceleratedExposureofAutomotiveExterior

MaterialsUsingaFluorescentUVandCondensation

Apparatus

ology

3.1ThedefinitionsinTerminologyG113areapplicableto

thispractice.

ficanceandUse

4.1Theabilityofaplasticmaterialtoresistdeteriorationof

itselectrical,mechanical,andopticalpropertiescausedby

exposuretolight,heat,andwatercanbeverysignificantfor

acticeisintendedtoinduceproperty

changesassociatedwithend-useconditions,includingthe

effectsofsunlight,moisture,osureusedin

thispracticeisnotintendedtosimulatethedeteriorationcaused

bylocalizedweatherphenomena,suchas,atmosphericpollu-

tion,biologicalattack,andsaltwaterexposure.(Warning—

Variationinresultsmaybeexpectedwhenoperatingconditions

ore,

noreferencetotheuseofthispracticeshouldbemadeunless

accompaniedbyareportpreparedinaccordancewithSection

8thatdescribesthespecifio

PracticeG151fordetailedinformationonthecaveatsappli-

cabletouseofresultsobtainedinaccordancewiththis

practice.)

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2—Additionalinformationonsourcesofvariabilityandon

strategiesforaddressingvariabilityinthedesign,execution,anddata

analysisoflaboratory-acceleratedexposuretestsisfoundinGuide

G141.

ncedDocuments

2.1ASTMStandards:

2

D3980PracticeforInterlaboratoryTestingofPaintand

RelatedMaterials

D5870PracticeforCalculatingPropertyRetentionIndex

ofPlastics

E691PracticeforConductinganInterlaboratoryStudyto

DeterminethePrecisionofaTestMethod

G113TerminologyRelatingtoNaturalandArtificial

WeatheringTestsofNonmetallicMaterials

G141GuideforAddressingVariabilityinExposureTesting

onNonmetallicMaterials

G147PracticeforConditioningandHandlingofNonme-

tallicMaterialsforNaturalandArtificialWeatheringTests

G151PracticeforExposingNonmetallicMaterialsinAc-

celeratedTestDevicesThatUseLaboratoryLightSources

G154PracticeforOperatingFluorescentLightApparatus

forUVExposureofNonmetallicMaterials

G169GuideforApplicationsofBasicStatisticalMethods

toWeatheringTests

ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlasticsand

isthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.50onPermanenceProperties.

CurrenteditionapprovedJuly15,ally

eviouseditionapprovedin1999asD4329-99.

2

ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,,or

contactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@ualBookofASTM

Standardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageon

theASTMwebsite.

1

4.2Reproducibilityoftestresultsbetweenlaboratorieshas

beenshowntobegoodwhenthestabilityofmaterialsis

evaluatedintermsofperformancerankingcomparedtoother

AvailablefromAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI),25W.43rdSt.,

4thFloor,NewYork,NY10036.

4

AvailablefromSocietyofAutomotiveEngineers(SAE),400Commonwealth

Dr.,Warrendale,PA15096-0001.

3

*ASummaryofChangessectionappearsattheendofthisstandard.

Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.

1

D4329–05

FIG.1RepresentativeSpectralPowerDistributionofUVA-340FluorescentLamps

materialsortoacontrol.

5

,

6

Therefore,exposureofasimilar

materialofknownperformance(acontrol)atthesametimeas

commended

thatatleastthreereplicatesofeachmaterialbeexposedto

allowforstatisticalevaluationofresults.

4.3Testresultswilldependuponthecarethatistakento

operatetheequipmentinaccordancewithPractice

G154.

Significantfactorsincluderegulationoflinevoltage,tempera-

tureoftheroominwhichthedeviceoperates,temperature

control,andconditionandageofthelamp.

tus

5.1UseoffluorescentUVapparatusthatconformstothe

requirementsdefinedinPracticesG151andG154isrequired

toconformtothispractice.

5.2Unlessotherwisespecified,thespectralpowerdistribu-

tionofthefluorescentUVlampshallconformtotherequire-

.1isa

spectralirradianceplotforatypicalUVA-340lampand

benchmarksolarradiation.

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3—ThesourceofthesunlightdatainFig.1isfromStandard

G177standardsolarspectrum.

5.3.1Locatetheapparatusinanareamaintainedbetween18

and27°C[65and80°F].Measureambienttemperatureata

maximumdistanceof150mm[6in.]fromtheplanedoorof

lofambienttemperatureisparticularly

criticalwhenoneapparatusisstackedaboveanother,because

theheatgeneratedfromthelowerunitcaninterferewiththe

operationoftheunitsabove.

5.3.2Placetheapparatusatleast300mmfromwallsor

lacetheapparatusnearaheatsource

suchasanoven.

5.3.3Ventilatetheroominwhichtheapparatusislocatedto

removeheatandmoisture.

ecimen

6.1Thesizeandshapeofspecimenstobeexposedwillbe

determinedbythespecificationsoftheparticulartestmethod

usedtoevaluatetheeffectsoftheexposureonthespecimens;

thetestmethodshallbedeterminedbythepartiesconcerned.

Wherepractical,itisrecommendedthatspecimensbesizedto

fitspecimenholdersandrackssuppliedwiththeexposure

suppliedwithaspecificbackingasan

integralpartofthetest,specimensshallbemountedsothat

onlytheminimumspecimenarearequiredforsupportbythe

exposedsurfacemustnotbe

usedaspartofthetestarea.

6.2Forspecimensofinsulatingmaterials,suchasfoams,

maximumspecimenthicknessis20mminordertoallowfor

adequateheattransferforcondensation.

6.3Toproviderigidity,attachflexiblespecimenstoa

backingpanelmadeofaluminum,0.635mm[0.025in.]thick.

Suggestedaluminumalloysare5052,6061,or3003.

2

5.3TestChamberLocation:

Fischer,R.,“ResultsofRoundRobinStudiesofLight-andWater-Exposure

StandardPractices,”AcceleratedandOutdoorDurabilityTestingofOrganic

Materials,ASTMSTP1202,andDouglasGrossman,eds.,

AmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials,Philadelphia,1993.

6

Ketola,W.,andFischer,R.,“CharacterizationandUseofReferenceMaterials

inAcceleratedDurabilityTests,”VAMASTechnicalReportNo.30,availablefrom

NIST,Gaithersburg,MD.

5

D4329–05

6.4Sealanyholesinspecimenslargerthan2mmandany

openingslargerthan1mmaroundirregularlyshapedspeci-

porousspecimens

toasolidbackingsuchasaluminumthatcanactasavapor

barrier.

6.5Unlessotherwisespecified,exposeatleastthreerepli-

catespecimensofeachtestandcontrolmaterial.

6.6FollowtheproceduresdescribedinPractice

G147for

identification,conditioning,andhandlingofspecimensoftest,

control,andreferencematerialspriorto,during,andafter

exposure.

6.7Donotmaskthefaceofaspecimenforthepurposeof

showingononepaneltheeffectsofvariousexposuretimes.

Misleadingresultsmaybeobtainedbythismethod,sincethe

maskedportionofthespecimenisstillexposedtotemperature

andhumiditycyclesthatinmanycaseswillaffectresults.

6.8Sincethethicknessofaspecimenmaymarkedlyaffect

theresults,thicknessoftestandcontrolspecimensshallbe

within610%ofthenominaldimensions.

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4—Thisisespeciallyimportantwhenmechanicalpropertiesare

beinginvestigated.

7.2.3CycleC:

8hUVwithuninsulatedblackpaneltemperaturecontrolledat506

3°C

4hcondensationwithuninsulatedblackpaneltemperaturecon-

trolledat5063°C

(Typicallyusedforsomeplasticbuildingproducts)

6.9Retainasupplyofunexposedfilespecimensofall

materialsevaluated.

6.9.1Whendestructivetestsarerun,ensurethatsufficient

filespecimensareretainedsothatthepropertyofinterestcan

bedeterminedonunexposedfilespecimenseachtimeexposed

materialsareevaluated.

6.10Specimensshouldnotberemovedfromtheexposure

apparatusformorethan24handthenreturnedforadditional

tests,sincethisdoesnotproducethesameresultsonall

specimensareremovedfromtheexposureapparatusfor24hor

moreandthenreturnedforadditionalexposure,reportthe

elapsedtimeasnotedinaccordancewithSection

9.

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5—Sincethestabilityofthefilespecimenmayalsobetime-

dependent,usersarecautionedthatoverprolongedexposureperiods,or

wheresmalldifferencesintheorderofacceptablelimitsareanticipated,

comparisonofexposedspecimenswiththefilespecimenmaynotbevalid.

Instrumentalmeasurementsarerecommendedwheneverpossible.

7.3PracticeG154listsseveralotherexposurecyclesthat

areusedforfluorescentUVexposuresofnonmetallicmateri-

mutualagreementbetweenallconcernedpartiesfor

thespecificexposurecycleused.

7.4Inordertominimizeanyeffectsfromtemperatureor

UVlightvariation,.2

showsadiagramofthespecimenrepositioning.

7.4.1Repositionthespecimenshorizontallytoensurethat

eachspecimenspendsthesameamountofexposuretimein

eachhorizontalpositionwithinthespecimenholderby(1)

movingthetwoextremeright-handholderstothefarleftofthe

exposurearea,and(2)slidingtheremainingholderstothe

right.

7.4.2Repositionthespecimensverticallysothateachspeci-

menspendsthesameamountofexposuretimeineachvertical

tance,iftwo

specimensarestackedverticallyineachholder,thenthetop

andbottomspecimensshouldswitchplaceshalfwaythrough

specimensarestackedvertically,thenthe

specimensshouldberepositionedverticallythreetimesduring

thetest.

7.5WaterPurity—Thepurityofwaterusedforspecimen

thepurityrequirementsin

recommendedthatdeionizedwaterbeusedforwaterusedto

producecondensation.

7.6Itisrecommendedthatacontrolmaterialbeexposedat

thesametimeasthetestspecimensforcomparisonpurposes,

ifperformancecomparisonsarenotbeingmadebetweenthe

cernedpartiesmustagreeon

thecontrolmaterialused.

7.6.1Identificationofanycontrolspecimenusedshall

accompanythereport.

sofExposureandEvaluationofTestResults

8.1Inmostcases,periodicevaluationoftestandcontrol

materialsisnecessarytodeterminethevariationinmagnitude

anddirectionofpropertychangeasafunctionofexposuretime

orradiantexposure.

8.2Thetimeorradiantexposurenecessarytoproducea

definedchangeinamaterialpropertycanbeusedtoevaluate

thodispreferredover

evaluatingmaterialsafteranarbitraryexposuretimeorradiant

exposure.

8.2.1Exposuretoanarbitrarytimeorradiantexposuremay

beusedforthepurposeofaspecifictestifagreedupon

betweenthepartiesconcernedorifrequiredforconformance

toaparticularspecifiingleexposureperiodis

used,selectatimeorradiantexposurethatwillproducethe

largestperformancedifferencesbetweenthetestmaterialsor

betweenthetestmaterialandthecontrolmaterial.

8.2.2Theminimumexposuretimeusedshallbethatnec-

essarytoproduceasubstantialchangeinthepropertyof

3

ure

7.1Whenthetestandcontrolspecimensdonotcompletely

fillthespecimenracks,fillallemptyspaceswithblankpanels

tomaintainthetestconditionswithinthechamber.

7.2Unlessotherwisespecified,programthedevicetooneof

ethedevicecontinuously.

7.2.1CycleA:

8hUVwithuninsulatedblackpaneltemperaturecontrolledat606

3°C

4hcondensationwithuninsulatedblackpaneltemperaturecon-

trolledat5063°C

(Usedformostgeneralapplications)

7.2.2CycleB:

8hUVwithuninsulatedblackpaneltemperaturecontrolledat706

3°C

4hcondensationwithuninsulatedblackpaneltemperaturecon-

trolledat5063°C

(Typicallyusedforautomotiveapplications)Note:CycleBisequiva-

lenttotheexposuretestcyclespecifiedin

SAEJ2020.

D4329–05

FIG.2HorizontalSpecimenHolderRepositioning

exposuretimethatproducesasignificantchangeinonetypeof

materialcannotbeassumedtobeapplicabletoothertypesof

materials.

8.2.3Therelationbetweentimetofailureinanexposure

conductedinaccordancewiththispracticeandservicelifein

anoutdoorenvironmentrequiresdeterminationofavalid

searbitraryaccelerationfactors

relatingtimeinanexposureconductedinaccordancewiththis

practiceandtimeinanoutdoorenvironmentbecausetheycan

elerationfactorismaterial-

dependentandisonlyvalidifitisbasedondatafroma

sufficientnumberofseparateexteriorandlaboratory-

acceleratedexposuressothatresultsusedtorelatetimesto

failureineachexposurecanbeanalyzedusingstatistical

methods.

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6—Anexampleofastatisticalanalysisusingmultiple-laboratory

andexteriorexposurestocalculateanaccelerationfactorisdescribedby

Simms.

7

SeePracticeG151formoreinformationandadditionalcautions

abouttheuseofaccelerationfactors.

8.3Aftereachexposureincrement,evaluateorratechanges

inexposedtestspecimensinaccordancewithapplicable

ASTMtestmethods.

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7—Forsomematerials,changesmaycontinueafterthespecimen

ements(visualor

instrumental)shouldbemadewithinastandardizedtimeperiodoras

ndardizedtimeperiod

needstoconsiderconditioningpriortotesting.

7

Simms,J.A.,JournalofCoatingsTechnology,Vol50,1987,pp.45–53.

8.4Useofresultsfromexposuresconductedinaccordance

withthispracticeinspecifications:

8.4.1Ifastandardorspecificationforgeneraluserequiresa

definitepropertylevelafteraspecifictimeorradiantexposure

inanexposuretestconductedinaccordancewiththispractice,

basethespecifiedpropertylevelonresultsfromround-robin

experimentsruntodeterminethetestreproducibilityfromthe

tthese

roundrobinsinaccordancewithPractice

E691orPractice

D3980andincludeastatisticallyrepresentativesampleofall

laboratoriesororganizationswhowouldnormallyconductthe

exposureandpropertymeasurement.

8.4.2Ifastandardorspecificationforusebetweentwoor

threepartiesrequiresadefinitepropertylevelafteraspecific

timeorradiantexposureinanexposuretestconductedin

4

D4329–05

accordancewiththispractice,basethespecifiedpropertylevel

ontwoindependentexperimentsrunineachlaboratoryto

determinethereproducibilityfortheexposureandproperty

roducibilityoftheexposure/

propertymeasurementprocessisthenusedtodeterminethe

minimumlevelofpropertyaftertheexposurethatismutually

agreeabletoallparties.

8.4.3Whenreproducibilityinresultsfromanexposuretest

conductedinaccordancewiththispracticehasnotbeen

establishedthroughround-robintesting,specifyperformance

requirementsformaterialsintermsofcomparison(ranked)to

cimensshallbeexposedsimulta-

cernedpartiesmustagree

onthespecificcontrolmaterialused.

8.4.3.1Conductanalysisofvariancetodeterminewhether

anydifferencesbetweentestmaterialsandcontrolmaterialsis

statisticallysignifireplicatesofthetestspecimen

andthecontrolspecimensothatstatisticallysignificantper-

formancedifferencescanbedetermined

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8—Fischerillustratesuseofrankcomparisonbetweentestand

controlmaterialsinspecifications.

8

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9—GuideG169includesexamplesshowinguseofanalysisof

variancetocomparematerials.

overaspectralrange,irradianceinW/m

2

orradiantexposurein

J/m

2

andthewavelengthregioninwhichmeasurementswere

made.

9.1.3.1Donotreportirradianceorradiantexposureunless

directmeasurementofirradiancewasmadeduringtheexpo-

sure.

9.1.4Elapsedexposuretime.

9.1.5Light-anddark-watercondensationorspraycycle

employed.

9.1.6Operatingblackpaneltemperature.

9.1.7Typeofspraynozzle,ifused.

9.1.7.1Ifwatersprayisused,totalsolidsandsilicalevelof

waterusedforspecimenspray(ifabovelimitsspecifiedin

Practice

G151).

9.1.8Ifused,specimenrepositioningorothermeansof

ensuringequalradiantexposureonallspecimensorcompen-

satingfordifferencesinirradiancewithintheexposurecham-

ber.

ateretentionofchar-

acteristicpropertyinaccordancewithPracticeD5870whenit

isreported.

ionandBias

10.1Precision—Therepeatabilityandreproducibilityof

resultsobtainedinexposuresconductedinaccordancewiththis

practicewillvarywiththematerialsbeingtested,thematerial

propertybeingmeasured,andthespecifictestconditionsand

sentialtodeterminereproducibility

oftheexposure/propertymeasurementprocesswhenusingthe

resultsfromexposuresconductedinaccordancewiththis

practiceinproductspecifications.

10.2Bias—Biascannotbedeterminedbecausenoaccept-

ablestandardweatheringreferencematerialsareavailable.

ds

11.1degradation;exposure;fluorescentUV;lightexposure;

ultraviolet

9.1Reportthefollowinginformation:

9.1.1Typeandmodelofexposuredevice.

9.1.2Ageoffluorescentlampsusedatthestartofthe

exposure,andwhetheranylampswerechangedduringthe

periodofexposure.

9.1.3Ifrequired,irradianceinW(m

2

·nm)at340nm,or

radiantexposureinJ(m

2

·nm)surements

Fischer,R.,Ketola,W.,“ImpactofResearchonDevelopmentofASTM

DurabilityTestingStandards,”DurabilityTestingofNon-MetallicMaterials,ASTM

STP1294,RobertHerling,ed.,AmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials,

Philadelphia,1995.

8

SUMMARYOFCHANGES

CommitteeD20hasidentifiedthelocationofselectedchangestothisstandardsincethelastissue,

D4329-99,thatmayimpacttheuseofthisstandard.(July15,2005)

(1)Revised

Note1tospecifythatthispracticeistechnically

similartoISO4892-3.

(2)AddedreferencestoGuideG169andStandardG177.

(3)nced

Documents.

(4)Addedreferenceto

Fig.1in5.2.

(5)Revised

Fig.1toreplaceCIEsunlightdatawithStandard

G177solarbenchmarkdata.

(6)Addednewexplanatory

Note3thatStandardG177isthe

sourceofsolarradiationdatainFig.1.

(7)Editoriallyrevisedirradianceunitdesignationfrom“W/

m2/nm”to“W/()”in

Fig.1.

(8)Deletedtextaddressingirradianceuniformityinoldsub-

section6.9.

5

(9)Updated7.2.2,CycleBtoincludenotestatingthatCycle

BisequivalenttotestcyclecontainedinSAEJ2020.

(10)Revisedparentheticalstatementin7.2.3,CycleCto

clarifythatthistestcycleisusedforsomeplasticbuilding

products.

(11)Addedmissing

Fig.2under7.4.

(12)Revisedtitleof

Fig.2from“HorizontalSpecimenHolder

Rotation”to“HorizontalSpecimenHolderRepositioning”in

ordertoagreewithwordingin7.4.

(13)Revisedwordingaddressingspecimenrepositioningin

section

7.4.1.

(14)AddedreferencetoGuideG169inNote9.

(15)Revised

9.1.3toupdateirradiancemeasurementreporting

requirements.

D4329–05

(16)Revised9.1.5tochange“humiditycycle”to“spray

cycle.”

(17)Deletedoldsubsection9.1.7addressingreportingof

operatingrelativehumidity.

(18)Updated9.1.7.1addressingwatersprayreportingrequire-

ments.

(19)Updated

9.1.8addressingspecimenrepositioningreport-

ingrequirements.

ASTMInternationaltakesnopositionrespectingthevalidityofanypatentrightsassertedinconnectionwithanyitemmentioned

fthisstandardareexpresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchpatentrights,andtherisk

ofinfringementofsuchrights,areentirelytheirownresponsibility.

Thisstandardissubjecttorevisionatanytimebytheresponsibletechnicalcommitteeandmustbereviewedeveryfiveyearsand

ifnotrevised,mmentsareinvitedeitherforrevisionofthisstandardorforadditionalstandards

mmentswillreceivecarefulconsiderationatameetingofthe

responsibletechnicalcommittee,eelthatyourcommentshavenotreceivedafairhearingyoushould

makeyourviewsknowntotheASTMCommitteeonStandards,attheaddressshownbelow.

ThisstandardiscopyrightedbyASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,

dualreprints(singleormultiplecopies)ofthisstandardmaybeobtainedbycontactingASTMattheabove

addressorat610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),orservice@(e-mail);orthroughtheASTMwebsite

().

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