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2024年6月7日发(作者：)

Reduplication

1. Definition

Reduplication is an important phenomenon in language studies.

It

is a morphological process in

which the root or stem of a word, or part of it, is repeated. This repetition is used to convey a

grammatical function, such plurality, intensification, etc. It is found in many languages, though its

importance and productivity varies.

2. Types of Reduplication

There are two different of classification of reduplication,one is as follo

ws:

2.1 Rhyming Reduplication（押韵重叠词）

It is made by t

wo almost identical words (minimal pairs) with a change in the initial consonants

like honey-pokey, razzle-dazzle, super-duper, teenie-weenie,output, nitty-gritty, wingding,etc.

2.2 Exact Reduplication（同名重叠词）

Several of these are baby-talk, showing how they are used to help youngsters learn the

is made of one word by repeating,such as bye-bye, choo-choo, night-night, no-no,

pee-pee, so-so, gee-gee, wee-wee,tut-tut, fifty-fifty, moo-moo, baa-baa,quack-quack,etc.

2.3 Ablaut Reduplications(元音变换重叠词)

Two almost identical words(minimal pairs) with a change in the vowels. In the ablaut

reduplications, the first vowel is almost always a high vowel and the reduplicated ablaut variant of

the vowel is a low vowel. Such as bric-a-brac, chit-chat, criss-cross, ding-dong, jibber-jabber,

kitty-cat, knick-knack, pitter-patter, splish-splash, teeter-totter.

2.4

Shm-Reduplication（shm-叠词）

Shm-reduplication is a form of reduplication in which the original word or its first syllable (the

base) is repeated with the copy (the reduplicant) beginning with shm- (sometimes schm-),

pronounced /ʃm/. The construction is generally used to indicate irony, derision or skepticism with

respect to comments about the discussed object as baby-shmaby, cancer-schmancer and

fancy-schmancy,This process is a feature of American English from Yiddish, starting among the

American Jews of New York City, then the New York dialect and then the whole country.

There is the other one:

2.a Full Reduplication

It involves the exact repetition of a sound or word. In English this would involve putting together a

sound or morpheme to bring forth an entirely new grammatical function or semantic feature while

full reduplication would be used to provide is similar to exact reduplication.

2.b Partial reduplication

It involves reduplication of only a part of a word. It is similar to the r

hyming reduplication and

ablaut reduplications.

3. Function of Reduplications

Reduplication is used in inflections to convey a grammatical function, such as plurality,

intensification, etc., and in lexical derivation to create new words. It is often used when a speaker

adopts a tone more "expressive" or figurative than ordinary speech and is also often, but not

exclusively, iconic in meaning. Reduplication is found in a wide range of languages and language

groups, though its level of linguistic productivity varies.

Reduplication is the standard term for this phenomenon in the linguistics literature. Other terms

that are occasionally used include cloning, doubling, duplication, repetition, and tautonym.

4. Reduplication in the Acquisition of Language

It has commonly been stated, that “children like reduplication”1. And indeed, the reduplication

of syllables is one of the most frequent processes of first language acquisition on the prosodic

phonological level (quite apart from reduction in consonant-clusters and the deletion of unstressed

syllables). In contrast to morphological reduplication, as it is systematically used by adults in

many languages of the world, reduplication in language acquisition is purely a phonological

phenomenon, and entirely unrelated to the morphological reduplication which can appear in the

target language. Phonological reduplication produced by children can be observed from the very

beginning of the language acquisition until some 18 to 24 months of age.

本文标签： 重叠变换元音