环境污染与人类健康(Environmentalpollutionandhumanhealth)

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2024年1月17日发(作者：)

环境污染与人类健康（Environmental pollution and human health）

The environment is the human survival space, not only including

the natural environment, daily life, learning and working

environment, including the scientific allocation and use of the

products of modern life. Environmental pollution not only

affects the sustainable development of social economy in our

country, but also highlighted the influence to the safety of

people's health and quality of life, now has attracted more and

more attention. Only through the joint efforts of the whole

society, effective control of environmental pollution, improve

environmental quality, so that we can breathe clean air, drink

safe water, safe food, have safe working and living

environment.

The basis of human health is the survival of the human

environment, only the rich biological diversity, stability and

sustainable development of the ecological system, in order to

ensure human health, stability and sustainable development,

and environmental pollution is the enemy of human health, the

relationship between life and the environment is the life with

the elements of the environment to build their own.

The health effects of the human environment the main pollutants

from wastewater, the formation of the industrial production

process of waste gas, waste residue, including city garbage.

The characteristics of environmental pollutants affect human

health, is a large area of effect, because all the pollutants

will flow with the biogeochemical cycle, and for all of the

contacts are affected; the two is the role of a long time,

because of slow degradation many toxic substances in the

environment and human body.

Environmental pollutants into the main way of human respiratory

tract and digestive tract, but also through the skin and other

ways to enter. Gaseous pollutants enter the body through the

respiratory tract is generally. The structure of the various

parts of the respiratory tract, the absorption rate of

pollutants are also different. Human alveolar area of 90 square

meters, poison the lung absorption fast, after intravenous

injection. The diameter of pollutants into the alveoli is

generally not more than 3 m, and the diameter of particles

larger than 10 m, most of adhesion in the respiratory tract,

the trachea and bronchial mucosa. The larger water soluble

gaseous substances, such as chlorine, sulfur dioxide, tend to

be dissolved and the upper respiratory tract irritation of the

upper respiratory tract, rarely enter the alveolar; and the

water soluble gaseous poison less (such as nitrogen dioxide),

most can reach the alveoli. The pollutants enter the body, from

the blood to the body. The distribution of toxic substances in

different tissues of the human body is different. In general,

heavy metals are often distributed in the human skeleton, and

"DDT" organic pesticides are often distributed in adipose

tissue. Poison long hidden within the organization, and in the

organization of enrichment, potential danger caused by the body.

In addition a few water-soluble pollutants, the relative

molecular mass of tiny can the original newspaper excreted,

most go through certain enzymes or metabolic transformation,

thus changing its toxicity, enhance its water solubility and

easy excretion. Human liver, kidney, gastrointestinal and

other organs have certain effects on the biotransformation of

pollutants. The liver is the most important. Pollutants can be

divided into two steps: the in vivo process, the first step is

the oxidation reduction and hydrolysis, the metabolism and

mixed function oxidase system; the second step is the binding

reaction, usually after a step or two step reaction, the toxic

substances originally activity can be transformed to an inert

substance and detoxification. But there are also increased

activity, such as pesticide 1605 oxidation in the body 1600,

the more toxic.

All kinds of pollutants in the body by biotransformation, the

kidney, gastrointestinal and respiratory tract excreted by a

small amount of milk, sweat, saliva secretion of various liquid

discharge, or through the skin and leave the body hair to The

new supersedes the old.

In addition to the body through the accumulation, metabolism

and excretion of three ways to change the toxicity of pollutants,

the body has a series of adaptation and tolerance mechanisms,

but the body's tolerance is very limited, exceeds a certain

limit, the human body will appear symptoms of poisoning, and

even death. Influence of environmental pollutants on human

effects mainly include: dose, reaction time, reaction

conditions and individual sensitivity etc.. In general，

Different pollutants are different on the body damage critical

concentration and critical time, only when environmental

pollutants accumulate to toxic threshold in vivo, harm will

occur.

Lifestyle changes can also cause environmental pollution

disease. Such as television, air conditioning, fan disease

disease disease. Computer disease, and electromagnetic

interference, radiation, chemical pollution and so on. Only

closely related with people's lives on phosphorus washing

wastewater to the impact of the human body, the side effect is

very obvious. Because of direct and indirect stimulation of

high phosphorus washing powder, palm burning, pain, itching,

peeling, blistering, cracks, a frequently occurring disease in

Department of Dermatology, and a contact dermatitis, baby

diaper rash, palmoplantar keratoderma and other common

diseases stimuli.

The original crust has more than 100 kinds of chemical elements,

due to the influence of human activities, destroy the balance

of earth element. Human geological activities these elements

diffusion, migration, enrichment through the food chain,

transferred to humans, affect people's health. Specifically

how it transfer, such as mining, the place of gold, with a

medicine containing arsenic diffusion in the mining process,

after water transfer, and then transferred to the human body

through the food chain. So the environmental pollution is much

more than we imagine, its problems is very serious.

Modern science has proven that the body of toxic substances

enrichment amplification is amazing. The world famous

pollution events, including the Hou County water mercury under

the water as soon as the Japanese attack, and that of Toyama

County, the Itai Itai disease pesticide pollution, industrial

wastewater, industrial waste gas and waste residue emissions

to the environment pollution caused by cadmium in the

environment, so that local residents planted crops such as rice

cadmium content exceed the standard of residents. The long-term

consumption of cadmium contaminated food and vegetables, lead

cadmium cadmium load gradually increased, the in vivo

biological half-life of 10 to 30 years, known as the most easily

in the accumulation of toxic substances. Cadmium accumulation,

can make the contact results in various diseases. Acute or

long-term inhalation of cadmium smoke can cause lung

inflammation, bronchitis, emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis and

lung cancer. Mainly produce long term and low dose exposure to

cadmium pollution in renal lesions showed renal tubular

absorption function decreased, increased urinary low molecular

protein content. Cadmium poisoning, renal calcium and

phosphorus absorption rate decreased on vitamin D metabolism,

if things go on like this can lead to contact the cadmium,

osteoporosis or osteomalacia. Cadmium can cause lung, prostate

and testicular tumor. Is the food chain bioaccumulation and

amplification results. The famous physicist Newton in 1692 due

to suffering from severe insomnia, indigestion, forgetfulness,

anxiety and paranoid symptoms and died. 100 years later, the

people of physicists hair samples, found that Newton died of

lead, arsenic, cadmium poisoning. These elements are made of

metal Newton alchemy experiments, from the "run out of

Pandora's box". Newton was absolutely not think that your body

absorbs his alchemy elements, and died.

Look at some of the United Nations statistics. A book from 1998

to 1999, the United Nations Development Programme and the World

Bank jointly published the "world resources report" --. The

report pointed out that 1/4 of the earth's disease and

environmental factors. That is to say, the disease is not caused

by a virus. A virus or genetic factors, there are at least 1/4

is related to environmental changes. Because of environmental

pollution, according to their statistics, eleven million of the

world's children live in less than 5 years old. In addition,

claimed the lives of 4 million children each year due to air

pollution caused by acute respiratory infection. This data is

already very serious. Many domestic and foreign research shows

that the earth is about 80% to 90% of the high-risk disease is

caused by severe environmental pollution. There are high risk

disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus.

The three diseases referred to as high-risk disease. Our

statistics show: every 13 seconds one person died of

cardiovascular disease; more than 30000 people died of cancer

each year in Taiwan province of china,

1 million 300 thousand people died of cancer and cancer of the

mainland each year in our country since 1997 rose for the first

cause of death.

Pay attention to the environment is to pay attention to our

human health, people love life, love ourselves. Therefore, with

the development of society, a person with breadth of vision more

and more attention to the environment, let us further raise

awareness, enhance the consciousness of environmental

protection, let us human living environment become more and

more beautiful!

本文标签： 环境污染人类