研究生英语精读教程-翻译

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2024年2月13日发(作者：)

UNIT 1

1. 你对他说的话不能为你这种行为辩护。(justify)

1) What you said to him can hardly justify such conduct of yours.

2. 你认为他会因为同主教的私人关系而免受宗教迫害吗 ? (immune from)

1) Do you think he would be immune from religious persecution by reason of his personal relation

with the Bishop?

3. 你对心理医生的忠告采取什么态度会影响到你是否会再做恶梦。(recur)

1) Your attitude towards the advice of the psychiatrist will affect whether or not your bad dream

recurs.

2) Whether your nightmare recurs depends on your attitude towards the advice of the psychiatrist

4. 乐观主义者成功的秘诀在于他们是用积极的态度对待失望和失败。

1) The secret to the success of optimists is that they deal with disappointments and failures in a

positive way.

5. 悲观主义者往往容易失败，部分原因就是一个人对自己的看法常常是一种能够自我实现的预言。(in part)

1) The reason that a pessimist tends to fail is, in part, that a person's opinion about himself is often

a self-fulfilling prophecy.

2) Pessimists are likely to fail partly because one's perception of oneself is often a self-fulfilling

prophecy.

6. 在幼儿的性格特征没有来得及发展之前，他们的行为不如大多数成年人的行为那样保持一致 (consistent)。一个儿童行为的改变，可能表明他的注意力已因其活动特点的不同而转变。他的兴趣总是集中在手头的事情上。个性坚强、兴趣强烈的人能够坚持把自己正在做的事进行下去，只有重大的环境变化才能干扰其行为的方向和目的。

1) In very young children, before traits have had much chance to develop, behavior is less

consistent than it is in most adults. A child's changing behavior may show his changing concern

with different features of his activity. His interest always focuses on the business at hand. The

person with strong traits and interests is able to persist in what he is doing. Only a major

situational change can disturb the direction or purpose of his behavior.

UNITE THREE

尊敬的编辑同志：

非常高兴中央电视台和贵报举办“我与电视”征文活动。我很遗憾地告诉您我是位残疾人。当您看到我的稿子时，一定觉得我的字迹很乱吧。那是因为我的手不能动，多年来一直叼着笔用嘴写字，这些年来，我用嘴写出了一篇篇文章，一首首小诗。

现在我怀着无比激动的心情把这篇征文寄给您。祝好！

残疾青年 王丽

My respected editor,

I am greatly delighted that CCTV and your TV GUIDE are inviting us readers to contribute

articles on the subject “Television and Me”. But I regret to tell you that I am a disabled girl. My

handwriting is bad you’ll know when reading my manuscript. This is because I’m unable to move

my hand, and I can write only with “my mouth”. For many years I grip the pen with my teeth and

write the way I do. Over the past years I have “mouth-written” one essay after another, and one

poem after another. At this very moment my heart is throbbing with great excitement while

answering your call for a report also from me.

Yours respectfully,

Wang Li

a disabled young girl

UNIT FOUR

1.这些年轻的工人技术员具备我们能希望他们有的一切条件。

These young technicians have all the qualifications we can hope for.

2.我倒是没摔坏，可是被吓得半死。

I was more frightened than hurt.

3.他们想知道那个女孩后来怎么样了。

They wondered what had happened to the girl.

4.那个地区的农民喜欢桃柳间种

Farmers in that area prefer to interplant peach trees among willows.

5.我痛恨那些对动物残忍的人。

I resent those who treat animals badly.

6.人类即使在享受技术进步带来的成果时，也必须维护纯知识的首要地位和独立性。此外，纯知识也是实际成果的基础。如果不去客观而无功利思想地探求（和研究）这种纯知识，就不可能取得已有的实际成果。最初研究电的性质的人并没有预见到，他们仅仅出于好奇而进行的试验会最终导致出现我们当代生活必不可少的现代电工技术。

Even while enjoying the results of technical progress, man must defend the primacy and autonomy

of pure knowledge. In addition, pure knowledge is the foundation for practical results that would

not have been reached if this knowledge had not been sought disinterestedly. The first men to

study the nature of electricity could not imagine that their experiments carried on because of mere

intellectual curiosity, would eventually lead to modern electrical technology, without which we

can scarcely conceive of contemporary life.

UNIT FIVE

1.作者论文的副本已交给了编辑部。(present)

The copy of the author's paper was presented to the editorial staffs.

2.虽然他在班上名列最后，但不能推断他没头脑，他可能只是很懒而已。(follow)

Although he is at the bottom of the class, it can't be concluded that he has no brain. Perhaps his

bad performance is only caused by his laziness.

3.这些异常现象值得注意。(worth)

It is worth noticing these unusual phenomena.

4.股东们在聘用新经理问题上发生了分歧。(at odds)

The shareholders are at odds with employing the new manager.

5.这使我们得出结论：无知助长迷信。(foster)

It makes us conclude that ignorance fosters blind faith.

6.当你知道并不是年龄使你丧失记忆力之后，你可能会大吃一惊。记忆差的原因可能是因为你“懒”得去记，而不是记忆力老化了。如同身体一样，你的记忆力可能因锻炼而加强。科学家们相信，如果两侧大脑都得到了锻炼，我们的工作效力至少可以提高75%。

When you have learnt that the waning of your memory is not caused by your old age, you may be

taken by surprise. A poor memory may result from a lazy mind rather than an old age. Like your

body, your memory can be improved with exercise. Scientists estimate that work efficiency can be

heightened by 75 percent at least if both sides of the brain are exercised.

UNIT SIX

1.我们面临的现实与其说是享受生命的报偿不如说是享受生命的进程。(not so much„ as)

The reality we are confronting is that we don't enjoy so much reward of our lives as the process

of our lives.

2.我慢慢地明白了爱、欢乐连同痛苦也都如此珍贵，因为这些标志生命的存在。(dawn on)

It slowly dawns on me that love, happy including pain are so valuable, because these indicate the

existence of life.

3.不要对生活中妙不可言的东西麻木不仁。

Don't be indifferent to the splendor of things in life.

Don't be callous to the things that are so wonderful and subtle in life.

4.他一头埋在个人的私事中是决不会生活得快乐的。

He won't be happy when he buries his head in his personal things.

5. 理想具有长存的价值，值得追求。

Ideals are worth pursuing, for they are of enduring worth.

Ideality has long-lasting value .It deserves pursuing.

6.他正确地观察事物。(perspective)

He has a good perspective on things.

7.敌人决不甘心于他们的失败。

The enemy will never be reconciled to their defeat.

8.无论60岁，还是16岁，新奇事物对每个人都有吸引力；只要童心(childlike appetite)不泯，就会对未来有好奇心和享受人生的乐趣。在你的心中和我的心中都有一座电台；只要它总在接受人类和上帝发出的美、希望、鼓励、勇气和力量的信息，你就永远不老。

New and strange things are attractive to everyone, whether he is 60 or 16. One will be full of

curiosity to life and enjoy the delight of life, if only he has childlike appetite. if only it always

receives the information of beauty, hope, encouragement, courage and strength from mankind and

God, you will be young forever.

UNIT SEVER

1.目前一种不健康的倾向是很多人花太多的钱只是为了攀比，追赶潮流。

At present, there rises an unhealthy trend that a lot of people spend too much money in keeping

up with the Joneses.

2.既然他不给你选择的机会，你不如干脆拒绝他的建议。

Since he gives you no chance to choose, you may as well turn down his offer.

3.想象一下你买的东西会给什么印象，下次你买东西就会注意情趣问题。

Imagine how others will think about the things you have bought, you will pay more attention to

taste when you buy things next time.

4.我们投放市场的任何产品都很行销，因为人们对我们公司产品的质量确信无疑。

All the products we put on the market sell well because people have great confidence in the

quality of the products of our company.

5.像这样默认下去不会使你的日子更好过些。

If you acquiesce like this, you'll never be better off.

6.在旧时代，家具设计脱离实际生活。不必要的装饰使我们忘记家具的真正目的。现代设计追求简洁有效，省掉一切不必要的东西，提供使人赏心悦目而又实用的东西。一件好的现代

家具不应单独地去看待它，而应把它看作整个环境的一部分。只有这样，我们才能评判它的形状、色彩和实用性并评判它是否高雅。

In old times, the design of furniture was not based on real life. The unnecessary ornaments

made us forget the true function of furniture. Modern design pursues simplicity and efficiency,

which abandons anything unnecessary and supplies people with pleasant and practical things. We

shouldn't regard a piece of furniture as an isolated thing, but as part of a setting. Only in this way

can we judge its form, color and utility, and see whether it is in good taste or not.

UNIT EIGHT

1.注意别违犯规定。

Look to it that you don’t violate the regulations.

2.我不知道怎么样才能把我的意思讲清楚。

I don’t know how to get my ideas across.

3.他不想任人摆布，决心走自己的路。

He would not like to be at the mercy of others, and he was determined to take his own road.

4.他们等着轮到他们办理入境手续。

They waited for their turn to go through the entry formalities.

5.最近在中国已开展一场培养公民美德的运动，要求全国人民注意礼貌。

Recently in China a campaign for cultivating the civic virtues has been launched, and people

throughout the country are required to mind their manners.

6.威廉姆福斯特1881年出生在麻省的一个小镇上。七岁时他就卖报帮助养家，三年后他不得不辍学。他从事过许多不同职业：伐木、务农、建筑、运输等。1921年他成了美国共产党的首批党员。他不仅积极参加美国工人阶级争取和平、民主和社会主义的斗争，而且用很多时间研究美国政治、经济和历史。他做了许多年党的主席，直至他因病不能继续工作。他逝世是一位杰出人物，享年80岁。

William Foster was born in 1881 in a small town in Massachusetts. At seven he was selling

newspapers to help support his family. Three years later, he had to leave school. He worked in

many different trades: lumber, agriculture, building, transport, etc. In 1921, he became one of the

first members of the Communist Party of the United States. He not only took an active part in the

struggle of the American working class for peace, democracy and socialism, but also devoted

much of his time to the study of American politics, economy and history. He was chairman of the

Party for many years until his illness prevented him from carrying on his work. He died a

prominent figure at the age of 80.

UNIT NINE

1.我希望能想办法使他们认识到自己的错误。

I wish I could think up some method to make them aware of their mistakes.

2.约翰说，既然汤姆已经来了，那么没有什么能阻止他们会面。

John said that since Tom had come, nothing could bar them from meeting each other.

3.既然孩子们父母双亡，他们怎么办？

What became of the children since their parents were dead?

4.虽然他们这次远征的目的表面上是为了发现新大陆，实际上他们关心的是为他们的产品找到新市场。

Although they made the expedition ostensibly for discovering new lands, their real interest is to

find new markets for their products.

5.母亲警告她的儿子说，要告诉她真实的情况，不要添油加醋。

The mother warned her son that he should tell her the truth without any embroidery.

6.电视的麻烦在于它妨碍精力集中。几乎生活中任何有趣的、值得做的事情都需要一些建设性的、持续的努力。对于那些从不专注于任何事情的人来说，我们中间最愚笨、最没有天赋的人所取得的成绩简直是奇迹。但是电视不鼓励我们去做任何努力，它倾销给我们直接的满足感，只能使我们的精力越来越涣散，使时光在不知不觉中流逝。

The trouble of television lies in its discouragement of concentration. Almost anything

interesting and rewarding in life requires constructive and consistent effort. To those who never

concentrate on anything, what the dullest and the least gifted people achieved are miraculous.

However, television does not encourage us to apply any effort. It sells us instant gratification and

makes our concentration more diverted, so that time pass unknowingly.

UNIT TWELVE

1.对于爱好文学的学生最重要的莫过于多接近批评家。

The most important thing to students who love literature is approaching the critics.

2.她对于每个弱小无助的东西都不禁发生同情，遇到受伤的小鸟，她总要为之痛心。

She, a pathetic girl, often cannot help sympathizing with every small and weak creature, and

even a wounded bird can cause her grief.

3.他在东方住得太久，所以英国的生活习惯都忘记了。

He lived in the eastern countries for so long a time that he forgot the customs of England.

4.如果运输频繁，铁路就能使运费更为经济，更不用说它规律、舒适和迅速了。

If the transport were frequent, the railway would make it cheaper, let alone its regularity,

comfort and speed.

5.那个有前途的青年，不但违背了对自己和对别人的诺言，而且最糟糕的是伤透了老父亲的心。

The promising young man betrayed his words to himself and other people, what's more, his

behaviors have broken his father's heart.

6.70多年前，英国的“机动车条例”规定，城镇内自行车速度限制为2英里/小时。到了1903年，由于工业的发展，有必要把速度放宽到20英里/小时。此后五年中，汽车司机们可以随心所欲地以任何速度行驶。现在超速行驶是最常见的违章。围绕这超速违章法令的争论在于它的安全估价，交通部门坚持认为时速限制能减少事故。但是，在美国至少有人建议现在的时速限制应该完全取消。

More than seventy years ago, the Rules for Automobiles in England limited the highest driving

speed to 2 m.p.h. in town. This had lasted until 1903 when it became necessary to lift the speed

limits to 20 m.p.h. as a result of the industrial development. The motorists were free to drive at

any speed in the following five years. Today speeding is the commonest violation of the rules in

England. The core of the argument surrounding speed limit law is to what extent it can ensure

safety. The traffic departments insist that the speed limits can reduce the number of accidents. To

our surprise, however, some Americans even suggest that the present speed limits be cancelled

outright.

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