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2024年3月17日发(作者：)
2012
年
12
月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
Part I Writing
【标准版】 Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will
Nothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can '
t get to the terminal. This is not bec ause they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.
To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit
it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and
their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “ One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the
next day I will quit it.
they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking
they succeed.
” By doing this,
“ a hundred times ” , but in no time
Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one' s life, a strong will means that you know
where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who
hang in there until the last minute.
【文章点评】
本文属于话题类作文，只看题目“ Nothing Succeeds without a strong will ”考生会觉得比较抽象，难以下手。细 看题目说明中给出
了提示，要求考生结合戒烟屡次不成功的幽默引语对该话题进行分析阐述。
总体来说，这是一篇“中等偏上”的考生作文。本文先点题指出“坚强意志”的重要性；第二段从反面举例阐述—— 具体描写了意志
不坚定者的心理活动，阐述为什么会戒烟失败；最后从戒烟延伸到生活中的其他事情，并复述坚强意志的 内涵，点题收尾。
总体上来看，文章思路清晰，采用了生动的比喻和形象的心理描写，语言流畅，用语地道。但一些重复表达（如第二 段和第三段中的
weak will ）显得单调，可用 shaky ones, weak-willed persons
考中，多积累不同表达，相信会写出更生动的文章。
， the strong-willed 等灵活表达。在备
在论述上，叙述略显罗嗦。第二段心理描写过多，虽然流畅生动，但却使这篇考场作文超过了规定字数，反而成为失 分点，这一点要
引以为戒。
【高分版】 Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will
As we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved. There is something provoking and
interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water does.
The ability to do something over and over again in a short time may imply its easiness, but in a long run, a lifetime maybe, things turn
out to be quite the opposite. Also, as is often the case, one may have obtained all the tools and opportunities to achieve something, but in
the end they still fail due to the will shortage.
So how could we avoid the dilemma? Here is the prime condition of success: will and perseverance. Concentrate you energy,
thought and mind exclusively on the business in which you are engaged, hang on in there and be patient, for, as Emerson put it, no one
can cheat you out of your ultimate success but yourself.
【文章点评】 本次四级作文探讨的话题是成功与毅力之间的关系，话题不算新，一般考生对此都比较熟悉，所以对考生来说难度不
大。写好这篇作文，需要抓住两点，一是紧跟题目要求，即对上述幽默性的话语做出评论，二是在评论的基础上要亮出自 己的观点。
范文开头第一句即一针见血地对上述幽默性话语做出总结性概括，即戒烟看似简单实则很难，随后指出该话语本质上 是一个悖论，并
且以一个“水滴石穿”的俗语来指出困难所在，这句也是本文的一个亮点，体现作者在西方俗语方面丰富 的知识储备。
第二段作者则进一步深入分析该话语，指出做某事在短期看来很容易，长期来看，恰恰相反，人们做事的结果也因此 总是失败，原因
则在最后一句点出：缺乏毅力。
第三段作者进一步给出了自己的观点，告诉大家如何避免陷入这种两难境地：首要条件即需要坚强的意志和长期的坚 持。最后再以艾
默生的一句名言“没人能够骗你远离你最终的成功，除非你自己承认失败”来总结全文，切中主题，铿锵 有力。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also ____ .
A) sticks to them in their daily life
B) makes them known to others
C) understands their true values
D) sees that others also follow them
【答案】 A) sticks to them in their daily life
解析】第一题的答案就在全文第一句。关键词是
consistency--not
noton ly ….But also ….，关键句是 The key to in tegrity is
only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others,
这里的 live up to 和选项里的 stick to 属于同义替换。 fairness) but also living up to those standards each day.
2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?
A) It helps to create team spirit
B) It facilitates communication
C) It is the basis of mutual trust
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D) It inspires mutual respect
【答案】 C) It is the basis of mutual trust
【解析】关键词是 personal and professional ，关键句是 Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether
personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.
结合紧接着的问句，我们很容易锁定 trust 这个选项。
3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take ？
A. To ensure we make responsible choices.
B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.
C. so that we don 't break any rules.
D. so that we don 't run into trouble.
【答案】 A. To ensure we make responsible choices.
【解析】关键词是 identify the risks ，关键句是 Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn
to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. 所以答案很明显是 A。
4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _____ ?
A. it has caused no harm.
B. it is claimed to be unintentional.
C. it has gone unnoticed.
D. it is committed with good intentions.
【答案】 B. it is claimed to be unintentional.
【解析】关键词是 misconduct ，关键句是 But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. 和原
文意义高度一致的，就是这个 unintentional 。因此答案是： B. it is claimed to be unintentional.
5. What should one do if he doesn ' t wish to fool himself?
A. Avoid making excuses.
B. Listen to other people ' s advice.
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C. Make his intensions public.
D. Have others watch over his shoulder.
【答案】 A. Avoid making excuses.
【解析】关键词是 fool oneself ，关键句是 To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test 这里的 watch out for 和
选项里的 avoid 属于同义替换。所以答案是 A。
6. Those who take risks they regret later on _____ .
A. will often become more cautious
B. are usually very aggressive
C. value immediate benefits most.
D. may lose everything in the end
【答案】 C. value immediate benefits most.
【解析】关键词是 regret later ，关键句是 Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it
for me")
on 属于同义替换。
。很明显，选项 value immediate benefits most 是正确答案。这里的 value 和 focus
7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn ' t get caught right away will _____ .
A) pay more dearly
B) become more confident
C) be widely admired
D) feel somewhat lucky
【答案】 A) pay more dearly
【解析】关键词是 get caught ，关键句是 Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. 这里的 higher price 和选项里的
more dearly 属于同义替换。所以答案是 A。
8. Cheaters at exam don ' t care about their education, all they care about is how to steal a grade.
【答案】 steal a grade
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【解析】关键词： care about
关键句： I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others."
9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people ' s honesty and good faith.
【答案】 honesty and good faith
【解析】关键词是 rely on ，关键句是 We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day.
10. ManyAmericans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of the Watergate scandal.
【答案】
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the Watergate scandal
5
【解析】关键词是 political and economic leaders ，关键句是 Watergate, have undermined the faith of many
Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole.
Part III Listening Comprehension
Section A
11.
W: This c razy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can
leaves?
' t figure out when my bus to Cleveland
M: Why don' t you just go to the ticket window and ask?
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
【答案】 B) Go and ask the staff.
【解析】 这是一道事实细节题。 从对话中可知， 女士搞不清楚列车时刻表， 男士建议她去售票窗口咨询。 ticket window 售票窗
口。
12.
W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?
W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.
Q: What does the man mean?
【答案】 A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.
【解析】这是道推理判断题，考查男士的言下之意以及虚拟语气。 could have done 意为本可以做某事，但未做。从对 话中可知，男
士确实回家看了电视节目，但是他说道： I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole
thing. 我真希望自己当时能再晚点睡着，这样我就可以看完整场节目了。说明他没有看完整场节目就睡着了。
W: Ai rport, please. I
direct.
' m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it s not the most
M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.
Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
【答案】 B) She is worried about missing her flight.
13.
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【解析】这是道场景题，略有难度。刚开始，我们还无法很快判断出该对话发生的场景，很多同学一听到 airport 可 能会误以为对话
发生在机场，但如果我们继续听下去，就会发现，该对话应该发生在出租车上，因为女士说了句“请选择 最快的路”，而男士说“因为有
球赛，所以到处都交通拥堵”可以帮助我们再次确认对话发生的场景。选项 A 不对，原文
是说要挑 the fastest way 哪怕不是 the most direct way ；选项 C 也不准确，才刚上车，并没有拥堵，司机只是提前说明 因为球赛会碰到
拥堵；选项 D 错误，女士是为了赶去乘飞机的，而不是去看球赛。
14.
W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.
M: Thank you, but I don ' t eat shellfish. I ' m allergic to it.
Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?
【答案】 A) At a restaurant
【解析】这是道场景题，较为简单。从对话中可知，女士希望向男士推荐一道菜，从首句中即可推断出该对话最有可 能发生在餐馆
中，男士说，他过敏，不吃贝壳类海鲜，可以帮助我们再次确认对话发生的场景。
15.
W: Now one more question if you don ' t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?
M: Well, I ' d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.
Q: What do we learn about the man?
【答案】 A) He is being interviewed for a job.
【解析】这是较为简单的细节推理题。 从 position, company 这几个关键词中，我们就可以快速判断出此题的场景为 面试，因此男
士应该正在接受一场面试。 C 选项错误，他想要销售经理的职位，但并不表示他本身就是销售经理。
M: I don ' t thin k I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.
W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first. I won
you change your mind.
' t be surprised if
Q: What does the woman imply?
【答案】 B) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.
【解析】这是推理判断题，询问女士的言下之意。最后一句，女士表示“你改变主意的话，我不会觉得奇怪”，可知， 男士不太可能
搬出宿舍。 A选项是个干扰项，虽然该选项看上去意思和 B选项差不多，但对话中并没有提到男士想找一个更
安静的地方，他想搬离寝室，是为了更多的个人空间。
16.
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17.
M: You' re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down.
W: Yeah, you 're right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I ' m doing a research paper.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
【答案】 D) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.
【解析】这是推理判断题。从对话中可知，男士希望女士缩小主题的范围，女士回答“你是对的。”说明女士会采纳 男士的建议，缩
小主题。
18.
W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn ' t it?
M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.
Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?
【答案】 B) They didn 't quite enjoy the ir last picnic.
【解析】这是推理判断题。 beat 一词是个难点， beat 本意有“打败”的意思，这次的野餐打败了上次，即这次比上次 好，下文
中，男士说“上次我们不得不呆在室内，但这次天气不错。”可以再次确认他们不喜欢上次的野餐，因此，正确 答案为 B。
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Conversation One
【听力原文】
M: When I say I live in Sweden, people always want to know about the seasons.
W: The seasons?
M: Yeah, you know how cold it is in winter? What is it like when the days are so short?
W: So what is it like?
M: Well, it is cold, very cold in winter. Sometimes it is cold as 26 degrees below centigrade. And of course when you go out, you ' ll
wrap up warm. But inside in the houses it
home. Swedish people always complain that when
' s always very warm, much warmer than at
they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.
W: And what about the darkness?
M: Well, yeah, around Christmas time there
the spring. It is sometimes a bit depressing.
of Sweden the sun never sets. It 's still
W: Oh, yeah, the land of the midnight sun.
s only one hour of daylight, so you really looks forward to
But you see the summers are amazing, from May to July in the North light in the
midnight. You can walk in the mountains and read a newspaper.
M: Yeah, that ' s right, but it ' s wonderful. You want to stay up all night, and the Sweden ' s made most
of it. Often they started work earlier in summer and then leave at about 2 or 3 in the afternoon, so that they can really enjoy the long
summer evenings. They
work longer hours, but I
' d like to work hard, but play hard, too. I think Londoners
' m not sure this is a good thing.
【听力材料评析】这篇长对话是围绕瑞典的天气展开，主要谈到瑞典冬天的极寒和夏天的极昼天气。文章一开头即说 到人们喜欢询问
瑞典的季节情况。接下来对具体情况进行了描述，包括：极寒天气下的气温、室外和室内温度状况，另外， 就瑞典室温与英国室温进行了
对比，再次强调证明瑞典室温很高；而极昼天气则谈的是瑞典人的工作时间和工作习惯，另 外，就瑞典人工作时认真忙、能玩时拼命玩的
习惯和英国人工作勤奋、工作时间长进行了对比。
这篇对话考查细节信息抓取能力。整体难度不大，并且以男士提供的信息为主。但许多考生可能因为对瑞典（ Sweden）
和与瑞典相关的一系列名词不熟悉而纠结，因此忽略了真正需要听清的其实并不太难的关键信息。这就提醒大家在做题时， 切勿因为个别
词语不熟悉，而慌张。
A) He likes Sweden better than England.
B) He prefers hot weather to cold weather.
C) He is an English living in Sweden.
19.
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D) He visits London nearly every winter.
19. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?
【答案】 B) He prefers hot weather to cold weather.
【解析】本题为推断题。 根据文章大意可推断得出。 整篇文章中， 分别有两处暗示信息， 一处是男士说， “ Swedish people always
complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter.
去拜访英格兰时，会抱怨英格兰室温太冷。另一处是男士在谈到冬天天气时，说道：
”，瑞典人在冬天
“ It is sometimes a bit depressing. ”
长时间寒冷的天气令人沮丧。因此可推断得出，男士更喜欢 hot weather ，热天气。所以，答案为： He prefers hot weather to cold
weather.
20.
A) The bad weather
B) The cold houses.
C) The gloomy winter.
D) The long night.
20. What do Swedish people complain about when they visit England in winter?
【答案】 B) The cold houses.
【解析】对话中，当男士介绍瑞典的极寒天气时，谈到只要穿暖，出门很暖，而室内更暖和，为了强调这一观点，男 士继续说道：“ Swedish
people always complain that when they visit England, the houses are cold even in the good winter. ”说是瑞典人在冬天去拜访英格兰时，
会抱怨英格兰室温太冷。所以，答案为： The cold houses.
21.
A) Delightful.
B) Painful.
C) Depressing.
D) Refreshing.
21. How does the man describe the short hour of daylight around Christmas in Sweden?
【答案】 C) Depressing.
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【解析】女士问：“ And what about the darkness?
of daylight, so you really looks forward to the spring.
”男士答道：“ around Christmas time there ' s only one hour
”临近圣诞节的时候，每天仅有一小时为白天，所以人们都
It is sometimes a bit depressing. ”有时候真有 非常向往春天，希望春天快点到来。然后，进一步强调性地评论道：“
点令人沮丧。因此，本题答案为： Depressing.
22.
A) They often stay up late reading.
B) They work hard and play hard.
C) They like to go camping in summer.
D) They try to earn more and spend more.
22. What does the man say about the Swedish people?
【答案】 B) They work hard and play hard.
【解析】男士在谈到瑞典的极昼天气时，着重谈了瑞典人在极昼天气的工作情况，并进一步对瑞典人的工作习惯进行 了评价。男士说
道：“ They' d like to work hard, but play hard, too.
时拼命玩。所以，本题答案为： They work hard and play hard.
”瑞典人既能在工作时努力工作，又能在能玩
Conversation Two
【听力原文】
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
W: What kind of training does one n eed to go into this type of job?
M: That ' s a very good question. I don ' t think there is any, speci fically.
W: For example, in your case, what was your educati onal backgro und?
M: Well, I did a degree in French at Nott in gham. After that, I did careers work in sec on dary schools like the careers guidance
people here is in the university. Then I went into local government because I found I was more interested in the administrative side. Then
progressed on to universities. So there wasn ' t any plan and
there was no specific trai ning. There are ple nty of training courses in man ageme nt tech niq ues and committee work which you can atte
nd now.
W: But in the first place, you did a French degree.
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M: In my time, there wasn ' t a degree you could do for administration. I think most of the administrators
I ' ve come across have degrees and all sorts of things.
W: Well, I kno w in my case, I did an English literature degree and I didn
what I am doing now.
' t really expect to end up doing
M: Quite.
W: But you are local to Notti ngham, actually? Is there any reas on why you went to Nott in gham Uni versity?
M: No, no, I come from the north of En gla nd, from west Yorkshire. Nott in gham was one of the uni versities I put on my list. And I
like the look of it. The campus is just beautiful.
W: Yes, in deed. Let ' s see. Were you from the in dustrial part of Yorkshire?
M: Yes, from the Woole n District.
【听力材料评析】这篇长对话围绕男士的教育背景和职业发展展开。按顺序分别谈到男士从诺丁汉大学 法语专业，毕
业之后去了中学和政府工作，然后又进入了大学管理层。这期间，他并没有刻意做过任何的职业发展计划，也没有接受过 专门的相关职业
培训，主要是因为在他的读书时代，并没有可攻读的管理学学位。对话最后谈到了男士去诺丁汉大学读书 的原因是被其校园的优美风景所
吸引。
这篇对话有一定难度。特别是关于男士职业的说法，考生未必熟悉。但考生不必紧张，因为主要的细节考查中，专业 是法语、因为环
境优雅所以选择诺丁汉大学这两题都不难听出。
23. A ) Management.
B) French
C) English literature
D) Public Administration
23. What was the man ' s major at university?
【答案】 B)French.
【解析】细节题。在第二轮对话中，女士问，“ what was your educational background? ”你是什么教育背景，男士 回答说：“ I
did a degree in French at Nottingham. ” 我在诺丁汉大学攻读了法语学位，所以男士的专业是 French 。
24. A ) English teaching.
B) Staff training.
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C) Careers guidance.
D) Psychological counseling
24. What was the man ' s job in secondary schools?
【答案】 C) careers guidance.
【解析】 细节题。 在说完 “I did a degree in French at Nottingham. ”之后， 男士又接着说 “ After that, I did careers guidance
in secondary schools. ”因此，此题的答案应为： careers guidance 。
25. A ) Its pleasant environment.
B) Its worldwide fame.
C) Its generous scholarship.
D) Its well-designed courses.
25. What attracted the man to Nottingham University?
答案】 B) Its pleasant environment.
【解析】细节题。女士问：“ Is there any reason why you went to Nottingham University?
出于什么原因？男士在回答中说到，诺丁汉是我心中理想大学之一。紧接着他就说道：“
还进一步补充说明道：“ The campus is just beautiful.
所以，本题的答案为： Its pleasant environment.
”你去诺丁汉大学是
And I like the look of it. ”
”因此，男士是因被其优雅环境所吸引而选择去诺丁汉大学。
Section B Passage One
While Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included
visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an
American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form? Were they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp
later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes to enhance concentration.
Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a
situation involving people from other countries or members of a minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal
respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, Many listeners show
applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North
America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but
avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.
【听力点睛】本文主要介绍不同文化中都是如何表示尊重的，以及如何利用这点来避免跨文化交流中的误会产生。一 开始先用一位美
国艺术家 Gail Obcamp 做演讲的故事来举例子，引出对闭上眼睛这样一种动作不同的理解；继而发表了作 者的看法：在和不同文化的人交
欢迎下载 13
流的时候，如果你懂得其他文化中是如何表达尊重的，可以避免误会；接着又是例子，是 关于北美洲聋哑人是如何用动作来交流的。还有
一些国家，对同样的手势会有截然不同的理解，进一步验证了作者的观点。
做这篇题目的重点在于能够迅速拎出来作者的观点。
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. What did Obcamp ' s speech focus on?
A) Characteristics of Japanese artists
B) Some features of Japanese culture
欢迎下载
14
C) The art of Japanese brush painting
D) The uniqueness of Japanese art
【答案】 C) The art of Japanese brush painting
27. Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech?
A) To calm themselves down
B) To enhance concentration
C) To show their impatience
D) To signal their lack of interest
【答案】 B) To enhance concentration.
28. What does the speaker try to explain?
A) How listeners in different cultures show respect
B) How speakers can win approval from the audience
C) How speakers can misunderstand the audience
D) How different Western and Eastern art forms are
【答案】 A) How listeners in different cultures show respect.
Passage Two
Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company. He is soon going to have an
evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in the past year. Salary, promotion
and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year.
meeting.
First, he bought new equipment for one of the departments. He has been particularly happy about the new equipment
because many of the employees him how much it has helped them. Along with improving the equipment, Chris began a
have told
program to train employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved time for the employees
and money for the company. Unfortunately, one serious problem developed during the year. Two employees that Chris
hired were stealing, and he had to fire them. Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager
for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job. Chris knows, however, that someone
else wants that new job, too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another
Division of the company. She has also made several changes over the year. Chris knows that hi s boss
work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.
likes Kim's
欢迎下载 15
【听力点睛】这篇文章讲述了 Chris 在职场上的一次经历。 Chris 在 Taxlong 公司负责采购和维修设备。他即将要和领 导针对过去
一年的工作进行一个回顾总结，他心里希望可以得到晋升。在过去这一年里，他也做了不少贡献，买了许多能 够提高效率的设备，但是他
手下有两个职员因为偷窃而被开除了。除此以外，公司里面还有一个女同事
的竞争对手，她也一样很优秀。
Kim，是他这次晋级
这篇文章没有什么生词，难度较低。题目中考察细节问题比较多，需要同学们可以准确地在看到题目之后 locate 文章
中对应题目的是哪一部分。
Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. What is Chris 's main responsibility at Taxlong Company?
A) Directing personnel evaluation.
B) Buying and maintain equipment.
C) Drawing up plans for in-service training.
D) Interviewing and recruiting employees.
【答案】 B) Buying and maintain equipment.
30. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division?
A) Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.
B) The training program he ran was failure.
C) Two of his workers were injured at work.
D) Two of his employees committed theft.
答案】 D)Two of his employees committed theft.
31. What does Chris hope for in the near future?
A) A better relationship with his boss.
B) Advancement to a higher position
C) A better-paying job in another company
D) Improvement in the company
's
management
欢迎下载
16
【答案】 B)Advancement to a higher position.
32 What do we learn about Kim from the passage?
A) She has more self-confidence than Chris.
B) She works with Chris in the same division.
C) She has more management experience than Chris.
D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.
【答案】 D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.
Passage Three
Proverbs, sometimes called sayings, are examples of folk wisdom. They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down
to the younger people to teach them about life. Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture. Values teach
people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong. Because the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of another
culture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values is important too.
can accept that people from other
If you
cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier. Many proverbs are very old. So some of the
values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were. For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to
the proverb “ Haste makes waste ” , because patience is
not important to them. But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still
strong today. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “ Time is money” is
taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before.
A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are shared by many cultures. In many cases though, the same idea is
expressed differently.
【听力点睛】这篇文章是一篇说明文。从科学客观的角度讲述了 Proverb 谚语的一些知识。包括它的定义 辈人传给后代的生活经
验，生活价值观。不同国家，不同文化中的谚语往往可以揭示不同的价值观。如果能够理解其他文 化的谚语，价值观，那么会在跨文化交
际中避免很多麻烦。
作者又提到，一些谚语年代久远。其中包含的价值观随着时代的变迁可能重要性也发生了改变。并且举了 Haste makes waste. 和
Time is money. 这样两个例子。
作者最后再次表明，通过学习不同国家的谚语，会发现一些国家会有相同或者相似的价值观，只是有可能表达的方式 有所不同而已。
这篇说明文对考生的要求在于快速划分出作者想说明的几个点。一般通常写说明文章的顺序都是先说明要点，然后用 些事实来进一步
说明。
Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
欢迎下载 17
33. Why are proverbs so important?
A) They help us see the important values of a culture.
B) They guide us in handling human relationships.
C) They help us express ourselves more effectively.
D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge.
答案】 A) They help us see the important values of a culture.
34. According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time?
A) Their wordings may become different.
B) The values they reflect may change.
C) Their origins can no longer be traced.
D) They may be misinterpreted.
答案】 B) The values they reflect may change.
35. What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?
A)
B)
C)
D)
【答案】
Section B Passage One
While Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included
visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an
American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form? Were they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp
later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes to enhance concentration.
Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a
situation involving people from other countries or members of a minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal
respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, Many listeners show
欢迎下载 18
applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North
America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but
avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.
【听力点睛】本文主要介绍不同文化中都是如何表示尊重的，以及如何利用这点来避免跨文化交流中的误会产生。一 开始先用一位美
国艺术家 Gail Obcamp 做演讲的故事来举例子，引出对闭上眼睛这样一种动作不同的理解；继而发表了作 者的看法：在和不同文化的人交
流的时候，如果你懂得其他文化中是如何表达尊重的，可以避免误会；接着又是例子，是 关于北美洲聋哑人是如何用动作来交流的。还有
一些国家，对同样的手势会有截然不同的理解，进一步验证了作者的观点。
做这篇题目的重点在于能够迅速拎出来作者的观点。
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. What did Obcamp ' s speech focus on?
A) Characteristics of Japanese artists
B) Some features of Japanese culture
C) The art of Japanese brush painting
D) The uniqueness of Japanese art
答案】 C) The art of Japanese brush painting
27. Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech?
A) To calm themselves down
B) To enhance concentration
C) To show their impatience
D) To signal their lack of interest
答案】 B) To enhance concentration.
28. What does the speaker try to explain?
A) How listeners in different cultures show respect
B) How speakers can win approval from the audience
C) How speakers can misunderstand the audience
欢迎下载
19
D) How different Western and Eastern art forms are
答案】 A) How listeners in different cultures show respect.
Passage Two
Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company. He is soon going to have an
evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in the past year. Salary, promotion
and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting. Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year.
First, he bought new equipment for one of the departments. He has been particularly happy about the new equipment because many of
the employees have told him how much it has helped them. Along with improving the equipment, Chris began a program to train
employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved time for the employees and money for the
company. Unfortunately, one serious problem developed during the year. Two employees that Chris hired were stealing, and he had to
fire them. Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager
for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job. Chris knows, however, that someone
else wants that new job, too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company. She has also made
several changes over the year. Chris knows that his
work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.
bosslikes Kim's
【听力点睛】这篇文章讲述了 Chris 在职场上的一次经历。 Chris 在 Taxlong 公司负责采购和维修设备。他即将要和领 导针对过去
一年的工作进行一个回顾总结，他心里希望可以得到晋升。在过去这一年里，他也做了不少贡献，买了许多能 够提高效率的设备，但是他
手下有两个职员因为偷窃而被开除了。除此以外，公司里面还有一个女同事
的竞争对手，她也一样很优秀。
Kim，是他这次晋级
这篇文章没有什么生词，难度较低。题目中考察细节问题比较多，需要同学们可以准确地在看到题目之后
中对应题目的是哪一部分。
locate 文章
Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. What is Chris 's main responsibility at Taxlong Company?
A) Directing personnel evaluation.
B) Buying and maintain equipment.
C) Drawing up plans for in-service training.
D) Interviewing and recruiting employees.
【答案】 B) Buying and maintain equipment.
30. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division?
A) Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.
欢迎下载 20
B) The training program he ran was failure.
C) Two of his workers were injured at work.
D) Two of his employees committed theft.
【答案】 D)Two of his employees committed theft.
31. What does Chris hope for in the near future?
A) A better relationship with his boss.
B) Advancement to a higher position
C) A better-paying job in another company
D) Improvement in the company
's
management
【答案】 B)Advancement to a higher position.
32 What do we learn about Kim from the passage?
A) She has more self-confidence than Chris.
B) She works with Chris in the same division.
C) She has more management experience than Chris.
D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.
【答案】 D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.
Passage Three
Proverbs, sometimes called sayings, are examples of folk wisdom. They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down
to the younger people to teach them about life. Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture. Values teach
people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong. Because the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of another
culture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values is important too.
can accept that people from other
If you
cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier. Many proverbs are very old. So some of the
values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were. For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to
the proverb “ Haste makes waste ” , because patience is
not important to them. But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still
欢迎下载 21
strong today. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “ Time is money” is
taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before. A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are
shared by many cultures. In many cases though, the same idea is expressed differently.
【听力点睛】这篇文章是一篇说明文。从科学客观的角度讲述了 Proverb 谚语的一些知识。包括它的定义 ------------- 是老一
辈人传给后代的生活经验，生活价值观。不同国家，不同文化中的谚语往往可以揭示不同的价值观。如果能够理解其他文 化的谚语，价值
观，那么会在跨文化交际中避免很多麻烦。
作者又提到，一些谚语年代久远。其中包含的价值观随着时代的变迁可能重要性也发生了改变。并且举了 Haste makes waste. 和
Time is money. 这样两个例子。
作者最后再次表明，通过学习不同国家的谚语，会发现一些国家会有相同或者相似的价值观，只是有可能表达的方式 有所不同而已。
这篇说明文对考生的要求在于快速划分出作者想说明的几个点。一般通常写说明文章的顺序都是先说明要点，然后用
步说明。
Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. Why are proverbs so important?
A) They help us see the important values of a culture.
B) They guide us in handling human relationships.
C) They help us express ourselves more effectively.
D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge.
【答案】 A) They help us see the important values of a culture.
34. According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time?
A) Their wordings may become different.
B) The values they reflect may change.
C) Their origins can no longer be traced.
D) They may be misinterpreted.
【答案】 B) The values they reflect may change.
35. What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?
欢迎下载
一些事实来进一
22
A)
B)
C)
D)
【答案】
Section B Passage One
While Gail Obcamp, an American artist was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting to an audience that included
visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners have their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an
American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form? Were they deliberately tried to signal their rejection of her? Obcamp
later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes to enhance concentration.
Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a
situation involving people from other countries or members of a minority group in North America. Learning how different cultures signal
respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the deaf culture of North America, Many listeners show
applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them in the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North
America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but
avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other courtiers it is a form of insult.
【听力点睛】本文主要介绍不同文化中都是如何表示尊重的，以及如何利用这点来避免跨文化交流中的误会产生。一 开始先用一位美
国艺术家 Gail Obcamp 做演讲的故事来举例子，引出对闭上眼睛这样一种动作不同的理解；继而发表了作
者的看法：在和不同文化的人交流的时候，如果你懂得其他文化中是如何表达尊重的，可以避免误会；接着又是例子，是 关于北美洲聋哑
人是如何用动作来交流的。还有一些国家，对同样的手势会有截然不同的理解，进一步验证了作者的观点。
做这篇题目的重点在于能够迅速拎出来作者的观点。
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. What did Obcamp ' s speech focus on?
A) Characteristics of Japanese artists
B) Some features of Japanese culture
C) The art of Japanese brush painting
D) The uniqueness of Japanese art
【答案】 C) The art of Japanese brush painting
欢迎下载 23
27. Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech?
A) To calm themselves down
B) To enhance concentration
C) To show their impatience
D) To signal their lack of interest
【答案】 B) To enhance concentration.
28. What does the speaker try to explain?
A) How listeners in different cultures show respect
B) How speakers can win approval from the audience
C) How speakers can misunderstand the audience
D) How different Western and Eastern art forms are
【答案】 A) How listeners in different cultures show respect.
Passage Two
Chris is in charge of purchasing and maintaining equipment in his Division at Taxlong Company. He is soon going to have an
evaluation interview with his supervisor and the personnel director to discuss the work he has done in the past year. Salary, promotion
and plans for the coming year will also be discussed at the meeting. Chris has made several changes for his Division in the past year.
First, he bought new equipment for one of the departments. He has been particularly happy about the new equipment because many of
the employees have told him how much it has helped them. Along with improving the equipment, Chris began a program to train
employees to use equipment better and do simple maintenance themselves. The training saved time for the employees and money for the
company. Unfortunately, one serious problem developed during the year. Two employees that Chris hired were stealing, and he had to
fire them. Chris knows that a new job for a purchasing and maintenance manager
for the whole company will be open in a few months, and he would like to be promoted to the job. Chris knows, however, that someone
else wants that new job, too. Kim is in charge of purchasing and maintenance in another Division of the company. She has also made
several changes over the year. Chris knows that his
work, and he expects that his work will be compared with hers.
bosslikes Kim's
【听力点睛】这篇文章讲述了 Chris 在职场上的一次经历。 Chris 在 Taxlong 公司负责采购和维修设备。他即将要和领 导针对过去
一年的工作进行一个回顾总结，他心里希望可以得到晋升。在过去这一年里，他也做了不少贡献，买了许多能 够提高效率的设备，但是他
手下有两个职员因为偷窃而被开除了。除此以外，公司里面还有一个女同事
的竞争对手，她也一样很优秀。
Kim，是他这次晋级
这篇文章没有什么生词，难度较低。题目中考察细节问题比较多，需要同学们可以准确地在看到题目之后 locate 文章
欢迎下载 24
中对应题目的是哪一部分。
Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. What is Chris 's main responsibility at Taxlong Company?
A) Directing personnel evaluation.
B) Buying and maintain equipment.
C) Drawing up plans for in-service training.
D) Interviewing and recruiting employees.
答案】 B) Buying and maintain equipment.
30. What problem did Chris encounter in his Division?
A) Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.
B) The training program he ran was failure.
C) Two of his workers were injured at work.
D) Two of his employees committed theft.
答案】 D)Two of his employees committed theft.
31. What does Chris hope for in the near future?
A) A better relationship with his boss.
B) Advancement to a higher position
C) A better-paying job in another company
D) Improvement in the company
's
management
答案】 B)Advancement to a higher position.
32 What do we learn about Kim from the passage?
A) She has more self-confidence than Chris.
欢迎下载
25
B) She works with Chris in the same division.
C) She has more management experience than Chris.
D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.
答案】 D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.
Passage Three
Proverbs, sometimes called sayings, are examples of folk wisdom. They are little lessons which older people of a culture pass down
to the younger people to teach them about life. Many proverbs remind people of the values that are important in the culture. Values teach
people how to act, what is right, and what is wrong. Because the values of each culture are different, understanding the values of another
culture helps explain how people think and act. Understanding your own culture values is important too.
can accept that people from other
If you
cultures act according to their values, not yours, getting along with them will be much easier. Many proverbs are very old. So some of the
values they teach may not be as important in the culture as they once were. For example, Americans today do not pay much attention to
the proverb “ Haste makes waste ” , because patience is
not important to them. But if you know about past values, it helps you to understand the present and many of the older values are still
strong today. Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb “ Time is money” is
taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before. A study of proverbs from around the world shows that some values are
shared by many cultures. In many cases though, the same idea is expressed differently.
【听力点睛】这篇文章是一篇说明文。从科学客观的角度讲述了 Proverb 谚语的一些知识。包括它的定义 ------------- 是老一
辈人传给后代的生活经验，生活价值观。不同国家，不同文化中的谚语往往可以揭示不同的价值观。如果能够理解其他文 化的谚语，价值
观，那么会在跨文化交际中避免很多麻烦。
作者又提到，一些谚语年代久远。其中包含的价值观随着时代的变迁可能重要性也发生了改变。并且举了 Haste makes waste. 和
Time is money. 这样两个例子。
作者最后再次表明，通过学习不同国家的谚语，会发现一些国家会有相同或者相似的价值观，只是有可能表达的方式 有所不同而已。
这篇说明文对考生的要求在于快速划分出作者想说明的几个点。一般通常写说明文章的顺序都是先说明要点，然后用 一些事实来进一
步说明。
Questions 32- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. Why are proverbs so important?
A) They help us see the important values of a culture.
B) They guide us in handling human relationships.
C) They help us express ourselves more effectively.
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D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge.
答案】 A) They help us see the important values of a culture.
34. According to the speaker what happens to some proverbs with the passage of time?
A) Their wordings may become different.
B) The values they reflect may change.
C) Their origins can no longer be traced.
D) They may be misinterpreted.
【答案】 B) The values they reflect may change.
35. What do we learn from the study of proverbs from around the world?
A)
B)
C)
D)
【答案】
Section A
47 growth
48 stable
49 challenges
50 certainly
51 role
52 combined
53 significant
54 included
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55 comprise
56 solutions
【解析】
这是一篇讨论能源资源的说明文，话题是考生比较熟悉的能源问题，不断增长的人口与可再生资源的矛盾该如何解决。 文中指出能源
的一些可替代形式如生物能源、风能太阳能等可再生资源将在未来发挥越来越重要的作用。但是专家指出， 即使这些资源储备量惊人，但
是到 2050 年也只能满足世界 30%的需求。文章最后两段探讨了各能源在市场上的需求，以及 解决未来能源需求的其他方案。
总体来说，这篇文章理解难度不大，填空难度适中，所选词汇也都是四级考纲的词汇。选项较具有干扰项，多为 c 和 s 开头的单词，
考生在考试时要特别注意。
Section B
Passage One
57, C encourage boys to express their emotions freely
58, A perform relatively better
59, C It fails to give boys the attention they need
60, A teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys
61, C They have sharper vision
【解析】这篇文章针对传统的男女生一起上学，一起接受教育提出了质疑。作者从文章一开头就表明了自己的看法： 对于男生而言，
单性教育，即男生们一起上学会对男生的身心发展更为有利。文中出现一个短语， received wisdom ，即是 “人们普遍的看法，公认的看
法”。也是作者所批判的一种观点。传统观点认为，男生和女生混合教育会对男生发展更有 利。
但是作者认为单性教育对男生有以下几个好处：可以让男生们更自由地表达自己的情感，可以学习自己感兴趣的艺术， 舞蹈，音乐等
学科。不用去遵守人们在传统印象中对男生的期盼。而且单性教育可以针对男生的身心发展特点而制定学习 计划。
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并且作者觉得，目前英国教育把女生当做关注重点，忽视了对男生的重视。
Passage Two
62. C .It makes all the hard work worthwhile.
63. D. Disputes over money may ruin a relati on ship.
64. A. con flicts betwee n couples tend to rise
65. D. men and wome n view money in differe nt ways.
66. C. discuss money matters to mai ntai n a healthy relati on ship.
【解析】这是一篇关于金钱对夫妻关系的影响的文章。文中第一段主要通过度假这件事来体现不同人对待金钱的不同 态度。作者认为
人只能活一次，如果不能去度假的话，那么工作再努力也没有意义。第二段主要谈到了大萧条时期，不太 良好的经济状况常常会影响夫妻关
系，可能会导致争吵，甚至会导致离婚或者分居的成本增加，对夫妻感情造成伤害。第 三段讲了 Kim Stephenson，—个心理学家的观点，
即男人和女人对待金钱的态度是不一样的，男人把金钱看作是得到社会 地位的途径，看作向父母展现自己成功的一种方式。第四段，作者建
议夫妻可以对金钱持有不同的观点，但是不可以对它 采取回避的态度，避而不谈。
相对来说，这篇文章的难度比较大。文章看懂并不难，但是题目中，推理题和大意题比较多，需要在充分理解作者意 图，了解文章主
旨的基础上，才能选出正确答案。
Part V Cloze
Employers fear they will be unable recruit students with the skills they need as the economic recovery in, a new survey
s.
kicks
Nearly half of orga ni zati ons told researchers they were already struggli ng to find with skills
in scie nee, tech no logy, engin eeri ng and maths (STEM), eve n more compa nies expect to experie nee ges of
employees with Stem skills in the n ext three years.
The Con federati on of British In dustry and the vocati onal qualificati ons body EDI ed 694
organizations across the public and e sectors, which together employ 2.4 million people.
Half are rned they will not be able to fill graduate posts in the coming years, while a third said
they would not be able to t eno ugh employees with the right A-level skills.
" we move further into recovery and bus in esses pla n growth, the dema nd for people with high-quality skills and
qualifications will ify," said Richard Lambert, director general, CBI.
"In the future, people with qualifications in scienee and maths will be particularly sought after, and firms
say it is already hard to find people with the right cal or engineering skills. The new government
must make it a top ty to encourage more young people to study scienee-related ts."
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The survey found that young people would improve their job prospects they studied bus in ess studies, maths, En glish and
physics or chemistry at A-level. The A-levels that employers least are psychology and sociology. And while many employers don't
insist on a ular degree subject, a third prefer to hire those with a Stem-related subject.
The research ghted worries about the lack of progress in improving basic skills in the UK
85. workforce . Half of employers expressed worries about employees' basic literacy and nu meracy skills, while the biggest problem is
with IT skills, two-thirds reported concerns.
【评析】这是一篇讨论“雇主和他们所需要的大学生技能” 的文章。今年四级的完型填空，涉及 5处名词，2处介词,
6处动词，4处形容词和3处副词。第82题稍难，像80和85都可以通过上下文判断出来，其余部分只要在句子内部或者 句子之间进行上
下文逻辑比对或语法搭配，即可完成。词义辨析考查较多，考查学生词汇的储备量，因此，考生要特别注 意四级词汇的牢固掌握。
【答案】
67. reveals
68. staff
69. while
70. shortages
71. surveyed
72. private
73. c oncerned
74. recruit
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75. As
76. for
ify
78. technical
79. priority
80. subjects
82. rate
83. particular
84. highlighted
85. workforce
86. where
67.
【答案】 reveals
【解析】第一段提出话题，“据一项最新调查显示，现在的雇主们害怕他们雇不到符合要求的毕业生”， 为“发起一
launch 意思
场运动”， submit 意为“提交，服从”， generate 生成， reveal 透露，揭露，显示。这里根据段意， 最合适。
reveal
68.
【答案】 staff
【解析】根据句意，基本有一半的组织机构告诉调查者他们在努力寻找具有四个方面（科学、技术、工程和数学）才 能的职员。这里
partners ， audience, officials
69.
显然不符合题意。
【答案】 while
【解析】这里和前面已经叙述的事实构成并列，“同时，更多公司预测，接下来的三年他们都将会遭遇雇员四缺现象 （科学、技术、
工程和数学知识技能欠缺）”，因此排除其他三项。选 while 。
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70.
【答案】 shortages
【解析】由第二段句首 struggling 可判断，机构组织寻找这些人才非常不易，那么这种人才显然是不够的，短缺的。 absence 是表示
“缺席，不在”，不能描述短缺，因此排除。此题的另一个关键是确定 experience 的词性，动词。
71.
【答案】 surveyed
【解析】第三段用一句话简介经过工业联盟调查了 69 个行业和组织，首先排除 D 和 C， search 是指搜查；细查某处以 搜寻某人
或某物，搜索；而 survey 是指调查某部分人的行为、意见等（通常以询问方式进行），符合题意。
72.
【答案】 private
【解析】根据上一题的意思，调查在公共和私人部门中展开，后面一句的 together 暗示 and 后面的这个空是和“公共 的”对立的，
因此填 private 。
73.
【答案】 concerned
【解析】第四段描写了这个调查的具体情况。 有一半人…，这里缺少动词，confront —般和with连用，conform 符合,
遵照， confuse 使混乱， 使困惑， 这里根据上下文的意思， 雇主们都担心这种现象的发生， 因此选 concerned, be concerned 担心
的，烦恼的，忧虑的。
74.
【答案】 recruit
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【解析】本题考查词义辨析，三分之一的被调查者坦言他们可能顾不到符合相应资质的雇员，只有 recruit 符合题意。
75.
【答案】 As
【解析】根据句子结构判断，前半句是一个伴随状语，“随着…的深入进行，…需求越来越强”，而不是条件状语或
让步状语。
76.
【答案】 for
【解析】这里考查介词搭配。这里侧重于描述执行进展的计划的目的，选 for 。
77.
【答案】 intensify
【解析】本题考查词义辨析。根据前文，这种需求是不断增加的， intensify 增强，强化，变激烈； dominate 指在…
中占主导地位，这里并没有给出一个具体的范围，不符合句意。 enforce 实施，执行； stretch 伸展。
78.
【答
technical
案】
本题比较简单，属于送分题。前卖第二段已经指出在四个方面技能欠缺，选项中显然只有 technical 符合文
【解
析】
79.
priority
【解析】这里考查短语固定搭配。 make…a top priority 让…成为首要任务，当务之急。
80.
【答案】 subjects
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33
【解析】这里鼓励年轻人学习科学相关的学科，从倒数第二段也可判断。 academy学院，研究院；procedure 步骤，
程序，thought思想，不符题意，排除。
81.
【答案】if
【解析】这里考查考生对前后两个完整的句子的关系的理解，主句中的 would是一个虚拟语气的标志词，据此代入选
项if，通读上下文，符合题意之后确定。
82.
【答案】rate
【解析】词义辨析题。rate评定某人、某事物的价值； order命令，整理；discuss讨论，论述，observe观察，遵
守。根据文意，雇主们认为 A-levels中价值最低的学科是 心理学和社会学，因此选rate。
83.
【答案】particular
【解析】文章指出现在雇主们需要的是具备 Stem四方面素质的人才，因此许多雇主们不赞成对某一特殊学科的专业学
位，而非typical典型的，general 一般的，或者是积极的 positive
。
84.
【答案】highlighted
【解析】词义辨析题。根据最后一句，该研究“强调”
对…的担忧
，
focus 一般和on连用，其余两项意义不符。
85.
【答案】workforce
【解析】词义辨析题。“提高英国劳动力的基本技能”，
masses民众，faculty 全体教员，community 社区，团体;
整篇文章都在讨论就业和雇佣，显然选 workforce
。
86.
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34
答案】 where
【解析】考查定语关系副词。这个定语从句完整，由此判断缺少关系副词，首先排除
除 why。
A,B 两个关系代词 , 再根据意思排
Part VI Translation
87. Charity groups organized various activities to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake. （
地震幸存者筹款 ）
为
【解析】本题考察动词 raise 的用法。 raise money 表示“筹款”。同时考生要注意 survivor （幸存者）的拼写。
88. Linda couldn ' t have received my e -mail （ 不可能收到我的电子邮件 ）, otherwise, she could have replied.
【解析】本题考察混合型虚拟语气。 otherwise 提示我们句子后半句是与过去事实相反（事实是 Linda 没有回复），因 此用
could+have+ 过去分词。句子前半句是在陈述一种事实，从句子后半句 could have + 过去分词我们可以推断前面“没 有收到我的电子邮
件”也是在发生在过去，且对现在产生了影响（还没有收到回信），因此这里用现在完成时， could have +过去分词。
89. It ' s my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to
difficulties in my study.
lose heart ( 一直鼓励我不要灰心 ) when I have
【解析】本题考察了强调句型和动词 encourage的搭配。①强调句型 it ' s…that/who…②encourage sb. （not） to
do sth. 鼓励某人（不）做某事。
90. The publishing house has to consider the popularity of this novel. (
考虑这本小说的受欢迎程度 ）。
解析】本题考察了“考虑”的表达，可以用动词
要注意名词 popularity （ 受欢迎程度 ） 的拼写。
consider ，也可以用词组 take … into consideration 。同时考生
91. It ' s wrong to define happiness only by money.( 仅仅以金钱来定义幸福 ）
解析】本题考察了“定义”的表达，为 define 。
2012
年
6
月英语四级考试真题
Part I Writing
(30 minutes)
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To
Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
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1.
如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写
2.
出现这种情况的原因
3.
为了改变这种状况，我认为 …
注意：此部分试题在答题卡
1
上。
Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions:
In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the
sentences with the information given in the in the Weba
Caught in the Web
A few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She'd wake up early,
turn on her laptop and chat on In ter net dat ing sites and in sta nt-messagi ng programs —leav ing her bed for only brief in
tervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four
daughters before she realized she had a problem.
"I was start ing to feel like my whole world was falli ng apart -kind of slipp ing into a depressi on," said Carla. "I knew that if I
didn't get off the dating sites, I'd just keep going," detaching (
使脱离
) herself further from the outside world.
Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was "addicted" to the Internet. She's not alone.
Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of
a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much time
online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.
But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study
published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric
Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion
boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web.
"There's no question that there're people who're seriously in trouble because they're overdoing their Internet involvement,"
said psychiatrist (
精神科医生
) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.
Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. "The Internet is an
environment," he said. "You can't be addicted to the environment." Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities,
which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.
The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the
2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University 6% of respondents reported that "their
relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use." About 9% attempted to conceal "nonessential Internet use," and
nearly 4% reported feeling "preoccupied by the Internet when offline."
About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they "found it hard to stay
away
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from the Internet for several days at a time."
36
"The Internet problem is still in its infancy," said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to
blame for excessive use, he said. "They're online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to
porn (
色 情
) or gambling" websites.
Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but "in terms of losses," said Maressa
Orzack, a Harvard University professor. "If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking
down as a result, then it's too much."
Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the
Center for Internet Addiction Recovery
The website for Orzack's center lists the following
and the Center for Internet Behavior.
among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction:
•
Having a
•
sense of
Longing for
well-being (
more
Neglect
depressed
幸福
）
and
of
or
or excitement while
more time
family
when not
family
stop
school
at
at the
the
and
at the
about
the
or
computer.
computer.
friends.
computer.
activities.
activity.
job.
and sleep
•
empty,
Lying
•
Feeling irritable
and
•
•
•
to employers
Inability to
Problems with
Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping
meals, poor personal hygiene (
卫生
)
disturbances.
People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she
discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a "sense of belonging, and escape,
excitement [and] fun," she said. "Some people say relief
…
becausthey find themselves so relaxed."
Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in
games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters
complaining of a "gaming addiction."
Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours
every other night, but that's nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in
college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (
干预
), in which relatives told him he'd gained weight.
"There's this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two.
"People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming
addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check."
Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a
problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction."
"I'm self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I'm failing to accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to
give attention to my children," she wrote in a message sent to the group."I have no money or insurance to get professional help;
I can't even pay my mortgage (
抵 押 贷 款
) and face losing everything."
Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. "I have a boyfriend now, and
I'm not interested in online dating," she said
注意
：此 部分试题
1. What eventually made Carla Toebe
week. "It's a
请在
答 题 卡
1
realize she was spending too much time
by phone last lot better now."
上作答。
on the Internet?
B) Fatigue
A) Her
resulting from lack of
D)
sleep.
high
author
be
daughter's
C) The poorly
financial
say about
of its warned
repeated complaints.
managed state of her house.
costs
excessive
harmful
adding
Internet
up.
use?
The
the
should
2.
A)
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What
People
does
consequences.
37
B) It has become virtually
C)
It has been
somewhat
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inevitable.
exaggerated.
38
D)
People haven't Bishop
3.
Jonathan
believes that the
A)
B)
C)
D)
4. According to
yet reached
Internet overuse
to
aware
improve
of
what
a consensus
Internet use
agreement on
problem can be solved
the
its
is
would be
porn
Internet
serious
its definition. if
people _________
environment
consequences
in life
try
become
can realize important
can reach
Professor Maressa Orzack,
A)
B)
it
one
much
on its definition
considered excessive if ________ .
family
websites
in chat
online
the Internet may
C) too
D) people
seriously
visited
time
got
struggle with
affected
was spent
relationships
frequently
rooms
gambling
feel ______ .
D) puzzled
gaming?
money.
intervened.
relatives.
ruined.
to _______ .
skills
gaming
gaming
5. According to Orzack, people who
A) discouraged
6. Why
A)
involved in
heavy reliance on
B) pressured
did Andre
He
B)
C)
Heidrich
lost
depressed
cut back
a lot
online
of
had
His
He
family
had
his
C)
D)
7. Andrew Heidrich
had
career
that discuss
his
his
good
offended
had
online
online
desire
he
online
for
is at
His
now visits websites
improve
been
gaming addiction
gaming
online
online
gaming experience
A)
B)
C) show
8.
curb
how
D) exchange
In one of the
messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that
she couldn't afford to seek
she
9. Excessive Internet
use had rendered Toebe so poor that
10. Now that she's got a boyfriend, Toebe is no longer crazy about _____
Part III
Listening Comprehension
(35 minutes)
Section A
Directions:
In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one
or more questions will be asked about what was the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After
each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide
which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此
部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
11. A) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.
B) He has difficulty understanding the book.
C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.
D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline.
12. A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.
B) The man should buy a car of his own.
C) The man needn't go shopping every week.
D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store.
13.
C) Tidy up the place.
A) Get more food and drinks. B) Ask his friend to come over.
D) Hold a party.
14. A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.
B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith.
C) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible.
D) The woman should contact John Smith first.
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15. A) He understands the woman's feelings.
B) He has gone through a similar experience.
C) The woman should have gone on the field trip.
D) The teacher is just following the regulations.
16. A) She will meet the man halfway.
B) She will ask David to talk less.
C) She is sorry the man will not come.
D) She has to invite David to the party.
17. A) Few students understand Prof. Johnson's lectures.
B) Few students meet Prof. Jonson's requirements.
C) Many students find Prof. Johnson's lectures boring.
D) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson's class.
18. A) Check their computer files.
B) Make some computations.
C) Study a computer program.
D) Assemble a computer.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) It allows him to make a lot of friends.
B) It requires him to work long hours.
C) It enables him to apply theory to practice.
D) It helps him understand people better.
20. A) It is intellectually challenging.
B) It requires him to do washing-up all the time.
C) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long.
D) It demands physical endurance and patience.
21. A) In a hospital. B) At a coffee shop. C) At a laundry. D) In a hotel.
22. A) Getting along well with colleagues.
B) Paying attention to every detail.
C) Planning everything in advance.
D) Knowing the needs of customers.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23. A) The pocket money British children get.
B) The annual inflation rate in Britain.
C) The things British children spend money on.
D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain.
24. A) It enables children to live better.
B) It goes down during economic recession.
C) It often rises higher than inflation.
D) It has gone up 25% in the past decade.
25. A) Save up for their future education.
B) Pay for small personal things.
C) Buy their own shoes and socks.
D) Make donations when necessary.
来源
:
考试大
-
英语四级考试
Section B
Directions:
In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the
passage and the questions will be spoken only you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four
choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
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Passage One
Questions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
26. A) District managers.
B) Regular customers.
C) Sales directors.
D) Senior clerks.
27. A) The support provided by the regular clients.
B) The initiative shown by the sales representatives.
C) The urgency of implementing the company's plans.
D) The important part played by district managers.
28. A) Some of them were political-minded.
B) Fifty percent of them were female.
C) One third of them were senior managers.
D) Most of them were rather conservative.
29. A) He used too many quotations.
B) He was not gender sensitive.
C) He did not keep to the point.
D) He spent too much time on details.
Passage Two
Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
30. A) State your problem to the head waiter.
B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.
C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.
D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you.
31. A) You problem may not be understood correctly.
B) You don't know if you are complaining at the right time.
C) Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.
D) You can't tell how the person on the line is reacting.
32. A) Demand a prompt response.
B) Provide all the details.
C) Send it by express mail.
D) Stick to the point.
Passage Three
Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. A) Fashion designer B) Architect. C) City planner. D) Engineer.
34. A) Do some volunteer work.
B) Get a well-paid part-time job.
C) Work flexible hours.
D) Go back to her previous post.
35. A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy.
B) It will add to the family's financial burden.
C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.
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41
D) The children won't get along with a baby-sitter.
Section C Directions:
In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you
should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks
numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in
the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points
in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more (36) _____ , less afraid of what he
doesn't know, better at finding and (37) _____ things out, more confident, resourceful (
机敏的
), persistent and (38) _____
tha n he will ever be aga in in his schooli ng -or, uni ess he is very (39) _____ and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by
paying close attention to and (40) _____ with the world and people around him, and without any school-type (41) _____
instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and (42) _____ t h a n anything he will be asked to do in school,
or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the (43) _____ of language. He has discovered it
-
babies don't
even know that language exists
-
and (44) _______________________________________________ . He has done it by
exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, (45) until it does work. And while he
has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, (46) ____________________ , and many that are more
complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions:
In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of
choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each
choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single
line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones
-
the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that
make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __47__
wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into
the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions from a new energy-
efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the
one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and
__51__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says
Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.
With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more
energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and let in more
outside air.
Fortunately, there are a __54__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __55__ ones like
Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (
升级
) can save more than just the earth; they can help
__56__ property owners from rising power costs.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
A) accommodations B) clumsy C) doubtful D) exceptions E) expand
powering I) protect J) reduced K) replace
F) historic G) incredibly H)
L) sense M) shifted N) supplying O) vast
Section B
Directions:
There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For
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迎下载
43
each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going,how fast you're traveling and
whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like
something out of a comic 're known as the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India ocean June 30, 2009,
the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (
潜水艇
) detected the device's
homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152
passengers were killed.
In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like
altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by
1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to
the rear of the plane —the area least subject to impact -from its original position in the landing wells (
起落架舱
).The same year,
the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid
visibility.
Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations,and a flight-data recorder,
which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final
moments. Placed in an insulated (
隔绝的
) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can
withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000
T
. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of
20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly
that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only
one plane's black boxes were never recovered.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
57. What does the author say about the black box?
A) It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.
B) The idea for its design comes from a comic book.
C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.
D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.
58. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?
A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.
B) The total number of passengers on board.
C) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage.
D) Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.
59. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
A) New materials became available by that time.
B) Too much space was needed for its installation.
C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.
D) The early models didn't provide the needed data.
60. Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?
A) To distinguish them from the colour of the plane.
B) To caution people to handle them with care.
C) To make them easily identifiable.
D) To conform to international standards.
61. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
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A) There is still a good chance of their being recovered.
B) There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed.
C) They have stopped sending homing signals.
D) They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like "I never do anything right"
into positive ones like "I can succeed." But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in
positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think
more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of
New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive,
they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his
faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays
opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what
they had written.
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. The participants were then asked to
write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang,
they were supposed to tell themselves, "I am lovable."
Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker
than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (
心理治疗
) that urge people to accept their negative
thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (
静
思
) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power
of negative thinking.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
62. What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?
A) It is a highly profitable industry.
B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking.
C) It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.
D) It has yielded positive results.
63. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?
A) Encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good.
B) There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.
C) Unhappy people cannot think positively.
D) The power of positive thinking is limited.
64. What does the author mean by "
…
you're just un derl ining his faults" (Line 4, Para. 3)?
A) You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.
B) You are pointing out the errors he has committed.
C) You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.
D) You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.
65. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?
A) It is important for people to continually boost their self-esteem.
B) Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one's mood.
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C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.
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45
D) People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feelings.
66. What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A) The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.
B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.
C) Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.
D) People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.
Part V
Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions:
There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the
right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer
Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。
The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, including transactions by consumers
and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually, e-commerce does not __67__ from well-known commercial offerings such as
banking by phone, "mail order" catalogs, or sending a purchase order to supplier __68__ fax.E-commerce follows the same model
__69__ in other business transactions; the difference __70__ in the details.
To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists __71__ online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of
possible items, __72__ an item, arranges a form of payment, and __73__ an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commerce
arranges for catalogs to be __74__ on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for
orders to be sent __75__ a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check, e-
commerce __76__ one to send payment information electronically.
In the decade __77__ 1993, e-commerce grew from an __78__ novelty (
新奇事物
) to a mainstream business influence.
In 1993, few __79__ had a web page, and __80__ a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years __81__,
both large and small businesses had web pages, and most __82__ users with the opportunity to place an order. __83__, many
banks added online access, __84__ online banking and bill paying became __85__. More importantly, the value of goods and
services __86__ over the Internet grew dramatically after 1997.
67. A) distract
B) descend C) differ D) derive
B) via C) from D) off
68. A) with
69. A) appeared
B) used C) resorted D) served
B) lies C) roots D) locates
70. A) situates
C) for D) to
71. A) on B) of
B) detects C) protects D) selects
73. A) sends in
B) puts out C) stands for D) carries away
B) responsible C) feasible D) sensible
74. A) visible
B) over C) beyond D) up
75. A) beside
B) admits C) advocates D) allows
76. A) appeals
C) until D) toward
77.A) after B) behind
72. A) reflects
78. A) optional B) invalid C) occasional D) insignificant
79. A) communities B) corps C) corporations D) compounds
80. A) largely B) slightly C) solely D) only
81. A) lately B) later C) late D) latter
82. A) offered B) convinced C) equipped D) provided
83. A) Instead B) Nevertheless C) However D) Besides
84. A) and B) or C) but D) though
85. A) different B) flexible C) widespread D) productive
86. A) acquired B) adapted C) practiced D) proceeded
Part VI Translation （5 minutes）
Directions:
Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in write you translation on
Answer Sheet 2.
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注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答，只需写出译文部分。
87. Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty ________________ （
集中注意力在实验上
）.
88. The manager never laughed; neither ________________ （
她也从来没有发过脾气
）.
89. We look forward to ________________ （
被邀请出席开幕式
）.
90. It is suggested that the air conditioner _________________ （
要安装在窗户旁
）.
91. The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite ________________ （
她父母的强烈反对
）.
2012
年
6
月大学英语四级考试答案及解析
作文参考
（A）
Nowadays, students attach less importance to the spelling of words in the process of English study. This phenomenon greatly influences
students ' writing and brings on worries among teachers.
There are possibly three reasons contributing to this phenomenon. First, exam-oriented education makes the students pay
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less attention to spelling. Second, some teachers should also be responsible for it because they don
spelling during teaching. Last but not least, some students are too lazy to recite words.
ce of ' t
Since spelling is one of the most important factors in English study, due attention should be given to it. As for me, I think, first, exams should
be modified to add some factors into it, which would help students pay more attention to spelling. Then, schools should also set effective
mechanisms to help teachers as well as the students to realize the importance. Finally, for students themselves, they can, through other
ways, make them be interested in word spelling. Only by these can we surly realize the importance of spelling and make improvement.
(B)
What is hot for 2012 in our colleges? It is the spelling mistakes. Countless students lack due attention to spelling. Taking a look
around, we can find examples too numerous to list , the one may be
as “ challenge ” . How careless they are!
“ challenge ” . Freshman and sophomore almost write this w
Why such a phenomenon sweeps every university? Some experts attribute it to students ' inattention, because students always pay
no attention to spelling. However, other experts argue, the teachers should be blamed for this situation. In my opinion, it is far beyond any
reasonable doubt that both of them should exert themselves to change the spelling mistakes.
As far as I ' m concernemdl,yIafirrgue that we need to attach great importance to word-spelling. To the students, they should
write English as much as they can. Meanwhile, to the teachers, the dictations should be reinforced in the class.
快速阅读
1. A) her daughers' repeated compla ins
根据第一段最后一句 ” but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.
她的四个女儿不停的抱怨，她才意识到自己出了问题。
直至U
2. D) People have n't yet reached agreeme nt on its defi niti on
据第四段最后一句，对此，人们还未达成共识。
3. C) can realize what is importa nt in life
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据第七段最后一句， ”…can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals 鯊 ? 茝？ ?? 寛
/q/? 版权所有沪江网寛
？
？
?茝? 鯊and plans ••解决这个问题的办法就是将生命中其他的目标和
计划摆到重要位置。
4. A) it seriously affected family relati on ships
根据第 ^一段最后一句， ” if it ' s a loss …and family relati on ships are break ing dow n …it ' s too much. ”
5. C) depressed
根据第十五段第一句话， ” People who struggle with excessive Internet use may be depressed …”
6. B) His family had in terve ned
根据倒数第五段， ” he cut back only after a full-scale family intervention …”
7. B) curb his desire for on li ne gam ing
根据倒数第四段最后一句， ” to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check. 其中，keep …in check意为，制止;控
制”。
8. had an Internet addict ion
根据倒数第三段最后一句。
9. professi onal help
根据倒数第二段最后一句， ” I have no money or in sura nee to get professi onal help …”：
10. on li ne dati ng
根据最后一段， ” I have a boyfriend now, and I ' m not interested in online dating. ”
听力
11. C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.
由对话可知，该男士认为令他烦恼的是无论是在图书馆还是在书店他都找不到那本书， 由此得出答案。get access to指 获得,
走近，接近，能够利用某物 ”。
12. A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.
由文中女士说她不喜欢别人开她的车以及 ” why don ' t we go together可得知女士将开车与男士一同去超市。
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49
13. C) Tidy up the place.
由文中” I guess it ' s pretty obvious what you ' ll be doing mos可知today显然她想让他打扫房间。
14. A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.
本题考查 one day is as good as the next 的意思,该短语指的是任何一天都行。因此男士的意思是除了本周五,其它任何一天 都可以。
15. A) He understands the woman ' s文中男士认为，” I ' d feel that way too if I were yo，.如果我是你的话我也会那样
(感到很生气)。 ”因此她赞同女士的想法,表示理解女士的感受。
16. D) She has to invite David to the party.
从文中女士的话可得知，女士的母亲执意要 David去参加圣诞party，因此她不得不请 David。
17. C) Many students find Prof. Johnson ' s lectures boring.
由男士的话可得知，很多同学如果课前没喝咖啡的话，几乎很难保持清醒状态，忍不住犯困，也就是说学生们都觉得
Johnson 的课很无聊。
Prof.
18. D) Assemble a computer.
本文中主要是考 assemble的意思，如果同学知道
指 “组装电脑 话。
assemble意为组装，装配话便不难得出答案。” put a computer together
19. B) It requires him to work long hours.
男士开头便说 ” I have to work very long hours，因此选 B。
20. D) It dema nds physical en dura nee and patie nee.
女士问及工作哪个部分会比较难时，男士回答道他需要一直站着，同时在他们忙的时候，别人会变得易怒，也就是说这份 工作需要体力和耐
心。
21. D) In a hotel.
由文中 ” I wrote to about six hotels 耪? ? ?
of them gave me my first job 可得出答案。
??? /q/? 版权所有沪江网
？？
？
？
？
？
耪 and one
22. B) Pay ing atte nti on to every detail.
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由男士的回答” Attention to detail可得知，B选项恰好与” attention to detail同义”
23. A) The pocket money British ehildre n get.
原题为 What is the table of figures about? 意思是：这个表格是关于什么的？根据第一句话 Now you' ve seen this table of
figures about the pocket mo ney children in Britai n get? 我们可以知道这个表格是关于英国孩子的零花钱情况的。
24. C) It ofte n rises higher tha n in flati on.
原题为 What do we learn from the conversation about British children
英国孩子零花钱的哪些信息？原文中女性说话人说
' s pocket意思是y?从对话中我们可以了解到有关
“ Why do you thi nk the rise in pocket mo ney is ofte n higher than in flati on?
”据此我们可以判断英国孩子的零花钱比通货膨胀涨的更高， 意思是： 你觉得为什么零花钱通常要比通货膨胀涨的更高呢？
答案应选C.
25. B) Pay for small pers onal thin gs.
原题为 Supposing the man had children, what would he expect them to do with their pocket money?
of that, they have to buy some small personal things, but I wouldn
f
(
是 我希望他们用零花钱去买一些小的个人物品，
案选B.
但我不希望他们把钱存起来去买他们自己的短袜等 ”。据此我们可以判断答
对话中男性说话人说 "…out
' t expect them to save to buy their owr意!ocks,
26 A) District man agers
该题比较简单，文章开头说到 Alex期盼着与district managers的会议，因此正确答案为 A项。
27 D) The importa nt part played by district man agers
文章中提至U在会议结束时， Alex 打算以 “the conversation about the importanee of the district managers to the company plans
来结束会议，可见他打算强调 district managers在公司计划中所起的重要作用。因此 D项正确。
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28 B) Fifty percent of them were female
此题比较简单，文章中后面说道 “ Half of our managers are women ，而”参加会议的基本上都是那些 district managers ，由此可 判断，
会议的听众有一半是女性，所以此题选 B 项。
29 B) He was not gender sensitive
文章最后一句说这些女性 district managers听到Alex总用“he”指代“district managers感到surprised和distressed (痛苦的,
苦恼的)，由此可见 Alex失败的原因是由于他对于涉及到性别的用词不够敏感所造成的。
30 C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly
此题比较简单，原文中提到在餐馆遇到上错菜时，应该
致。
“make a polite but firm request to see the manage 和 C 项”所,说完全一
31 D) You can 't tell how the person on the line is reacting
此题相对简单，答案基本上是原句， “So you can 't tell how the person on the line is reacting. ”
32 D) Stick to the point
此题属于原文再现，原文最后建议写投诉信时，应当
要说些无关紧要的废话，因此应该选 D 项。
“be busines-slike and stick to the point ，”即围绕自己的要点来说，而不
33. B) Architect
从原文 “ Before Barbara had children, she worked as an architect for the government, designing government housing 可以得知。
34. A) Do some volunteer work.
从原文 “If Barbara feels the need to do socially important work, he thinks that she should do volunteer work one or two days a
week. ”可以得知。
35. C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.
从原文 “ Tom does not think a baby-sitter can replace a mother 可以”得知。
36
37
38
39
curious figuring
independent
unusual
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40
41
42
43
44 has found
45 by trying it out and
in teract
ing
formal
abstract
mystery
out how
see ing
it works and lear nt to use it appropriatel
whether it works, by gradually cha nging it and refining it
46 including many of the concepts that the schools think only they can teach him
仔细阅读
secti on A
文章大意：本文关注的是绿色建筑与对待现存房屋的问题。根据文意，所谓绿色建筑即为节能减排的建筑。绿色建筑在节
能减排方面意义重大，但是将所有现存房屋替换成绿色建筑是否可行呢？文章给出的答案是不可行的，因为推倒这些房屋
进行重建也需要大量能量。那么，如何处理这些能耗大的旧房屋呢？文末给出的建议是对它们进行整修和升级。
47. G in
credibly
in
首先这里需要的是一个副词。根据文意，将这些房屋推倒代之以绿色建筑是极度浪费的。因此选
48. K replace
replace A with B,意思是用B替换A.这里是用绿色建筑取代现存房屋。
49. J reduced
这一句话较难理解，翻译成中文即：绿色建筑带来的碳排放量的减少平均需要
credibly.
65年才能够补偿推倒房屋所用掉的能
量。
reduced,这里用作形容词，指减少了的。
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50. L sense in the broadest sense, 在最广义上，这里是一个固定搭配。
51. H powering
这里的 and 引导的是平行结构，因此横线上需要填入一个动词的 ing 形式。在根据句意可知这里选 powering ，指为某物提 供动力，使某
物得以运行。
52. D exceptions
联系下文可知本段意思是老房子基本上是最不节能的。但话不能说得这么绝对，因此用 with some exceptions, 指除一些特 殊情况外。
53. E expand
tiny cracks and gaps 指的是小的缝隙和缺口。小的缝隙和缺口随着时间流逝，会扩大，从而使得外面空气流入，因而加大了 能耗。这里选
expand 表示扩展，增大。
54. O vast
a number of 表示大量的， number 前面可加一些形容词，如 great 等，表示数量极大的。这里填入 vast ，意为数量巨大的。
55. F historic
句中有from ....... to ••…从什么到什么，联系整句话，意思是从一些历史上的古老建筑到你自己的战后的房子。
战后，是一个较近的时间，与之对应的则是 historic.
postwar指二
56. I protect
首先，从句意判断，可知这一分句仍是陈述为老房屋进行升级的好处。此外，后半句中有介词
此处应填入的词是 protect.
from. 据此我们可以判断，
Section B
Passage 1
57. D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.
ward off指 避开，防止”。黑匣子并不能避免灾难发生，因此
匣子在事故发生后起到至关重要的作用，因此此选项正确。
C选项不正确。indispensable，不能缺少的，文中多次举例黑
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58. A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.
本文第二段介绍了黑匣子在对于探寻 Yemeni airliner 坠毁原因上所起到的重大作用。 由第二段第二行 ” the black box is the best bet for
identifying what went wrong 以及后面由”于法国一潜艇找到黑匣子这一发现 ” marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a
tragedy 可以推”断出答案。
59. C) The early models often got damaged in the crash. 文中第三自然段第三行，由 ” Early models often failed to withstand crashes,
however, so in 1965 the device was completely
redesigned •可得知，1965年黑匣子重新设计的原因是之前的黑匣子在坠机时容易遭到破坏。 withstand意为承受，经受”。
60. C) To make them easily identifiable.
” to aid visibility
。
Visibility是visible的名词形式，意为
C。
由文中得知黑匣子被漆成橙色或黄色的原因是 能见度，可见度”，因
此，漆成橙色或黄色主要是因为希望黑匣子可见度高，比较明显，容易被发现，故选
61. A) There is still a good chance for their being recovered.
作者举出 Air France Flight 447 的例子主要是用来证明其前面的论点 ” When submerged, they're also able to emit signalsorfm depths of
20,000 ft. 意为黑”匣子即使被埋于深处仍然能够发射信号以被察觉。
但数据显示他们仍能"turn up '(出现)，即被探测人员发现。故选 A。
Air France Flight 447 的黑匣子处于水下深处，
Passage 2
62. B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking
细节理解题 本题是问从文章第一段中我们能够了解自我帮助产业的哪些情况。文章第一句就说自我帮助产业是建立在把消极思考转化
为积极思考的基础之上，因此 B项是正确的。虽然文章一开始虽然说自我帮助产业的规模有
A项就是正确的。文章中只说
110亿美元，但这只是说产业
Norman Vincent是积极思考
D项不
规模，并没有提到该行业具有很高的利润率，因此不能由此判断
的倡导者，并没有说该行业是由他创立的，因此
是正确选项。
C项不正确。第一段末尾作者就质疑积极思考是否真的有效，因此
63. A) Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good
细节归纳题 本题问加拿大研究学者的发现是什么，文章第二段提到他们发表的文章里说让人们更积极地思考实际上会产生相反的效果，
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只会起到强调人们又多不开心的作用。后面又用实验来说明了这个观点，在文章的第三段和第五段也都再次说到积极思考 会起到相反作用，
使人们更不开心。因此本题选 A 项。
64. C） You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.
细节理解题
本题问作者说 "…you 're just un derli ning his faul的含义是什'么。文中前面说到有时说的过分，
说告诉朋友有爱因斯坦那样的潜能，自然会让朋友感觉有点夸张，反而会觉得是在说自己不聪明。
反而会让人感觉更糟，然后又
65. C） Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem
细节理解题
本题问从 Wood 的实验中我们可以了解些什么。此题与 63 题有一定关联。答案应在对实验结果进行分析说明的段落来找， 即文章的第五
段。文章第五段说实验者在被迫进行多次自我肯定后，自卑的情况并没有得到改善，反而加重了。因此此题 应该选 C 项。
66. B） Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy （ 心理治疗 ）
细节理解题 本题问从文章最后一段我们可以了解些什么，毫无疑问答案自然是在文章最后一段。在这一段里，作者说文章还推荐人们 把静
思作为一种心理治疗的方法，因此应当选 B项。文章只是说静思可以帮助人们学会接受自己的不足，把自己的不足放
D项不正确。 到更广泛的层面去思考，但并没有说静思可以使人们避免犯错误。因此
完型填空
67. B differ
选项中，常与from搭配的有differ和derive。根据上下文不难看出，上文先说的是电子商务与电话银行等商务形式没有本 质区别，与下
文 ”the difference lies in （区别”在于）相呼应。
68. B via
via fax :通过传真
69. B used
models used:所采用的形式。选项中，
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appear为不及物动词，此处应选填一个及物动词的过去分词作后置定语。
56
70. B lies lie in: 在于
71. B of
consist of: 由 …组成
72. D selects
select an item: 挑选商品
73. A sends in
send in: 递送 ; 呈报
74. A visible
visible: 看得见的；明显的。网上购物时，商品目录会在网上呈现在顾客眼前。
75. B over
76. D allows
其中，admit做及物动词时，一般作 允许进入；承认；可容纳 "解。allow sb to do，常用词组，容许某人做某事
77. A after
78. D insignificant
与下文的 mainstream 相对应。
79. C corporations
与下文 businesses 相呼应。
80. D only
81. B later
注意， latter 意为， “后面的，后者的 ”。
82. D provided
provide sb with sth ，固定词组，为某人提供某物。
83. D besides besides 意为， “此外，除此之外 ”。
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57
84. A 珷眲蓿 ? 怂? ?曮 /myfeed/? 版权所有沪江网曮 ??怂 ? 蓿眲珷 and 顺承关系，用 and。
85. C widespread
网上银行流行起来了。 widespread ，分布广泛的。
86. A acquired
acquire ，及物动词，意为， “获得 ”。网上购物时，顾客能够获得更优质的商品和更周到的服务。
翻译
87. (in) concentrating on the experiment/ focusing her attention on the experiment.
本题考查两个短语的用法，一个是 have difficulty (in) doing sth ，该短语中，后面的动词要用现在分词形式。第二个短语是集 中注意力，与
此对应的有多个短语，如： focus/fix one 's attention on, concentreaon 。翻译时需和前面短语的用法结合起来， 把动词变成 ing 形式。
88. did she become angry/did she lose her temper before.
本题考查neither的倒装用法，以及发脾气这个短语，发脾气可以说 become angry，也可以用lose one ' s temper
89. being invited to attend the opening ceremony.
本题考查 look forward to 的用法，后面要跟名词或者动词的 ing 形式，而且要注意后边是被邀请所以要用被动语态。
90. (should) be fixed/installed by the window
本题考查 It is suggested that 结构中主语从句中要用虚拟语气的用法，即 should + 动词原形， should 可以省略。
91. the strong opposition of her parents/ her parents ' strong opposition.
本题考查 despite 的用法，注意 despite 是介词，后边应该跟名词或者名词短语。
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2012
年
6
月英语四级真题听力原文
Section A
Short Conversation
11. W: Just imagine! We have to finish reading 300 pages before Monday! How can the professor expect us to do it in such a
short time?
M: Yeah, but what troubles me is that I can
Q: What does the man mean?
12. M: Do you think I could borrow your car to go grocery shopping? The supermarkets outside the city are so much cheaper.
I
'
d also be happy to pick up anything you need.
W: Well, I don
book
'
inttfhinedlibthraery or in the university bookstore.
'
t like to let anyone else drive my car. Tell you what, why don
'
t we go together?
Q: What does the woman mean?
13. M: Forgive the mess in here, we have a party last night. There were a lot of people and they all brought food. W: Yeah, I can
, I guess it
'
s pretty obvious what you
'
ll be doing most of today.
Q: What does the woman think the man will do?
14. W: What time would suit you for the first round talks with John Smith?
M: Well, you know my schedule. Other than this Friday, one day is as good as the next.
Q: What does the man mean?
15. W: I was so angry yesterday! My biology teacher did not even let me explain why I missed the field trip. He just wouldn let me
pass!
M: That doesn
'
t seem fair. I
Q: What does the man imply?
16. M: I really can
just won
'
t come.
59
'
d feel that way too if I were you.
'
t stand the way David controls the conversation all the time. If he is going to be at your Christmasy,pIart
W: I
'
m sorry you feel that way, but my mother insists that he come.
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60
Q: What does the woman imply?
17. W: You
'
re taking a course with Professor Johnson. What
Q: What does the man imply?
18. W: Have you ever put a computer together before?
M: No, never. But I think if we follow these instructions exactly, we won
Q: What are the speakers going to do?
Long Conversations
Conversation 1
W: What sort of hours do you work, Steve?
M: Well I have to work very long hours, about eleven hours a day.
W: What time do you start?
M: I work 9 to 3, then I start again at 5:30 and work until 11, six days a week. So I have to work very unsocial hours.
W: And do you have to work at the weekend?
M: Oh, yes, that
'
s your impression so far?
M: Well, many students could hardly stay awake in his class without first drinking a cup of coffee.
'
t have much trouble.
'
ussioeusrt btime. I get Wednesdays off.
'
t have to do? W: What are the things you have to do and the things you don
M: Uh, I don
'
t have to do the wash-uinpg, so that
'
s good. I have to wear white, and I have to keep everything in the kitchen
totally clean.
W: What
'
s hard about the job?
M: You are standing up all the time. When we are busy, people get angry and shout, but that
W: How did you learn the profession?
M: Well, I did a two-year course at college. In the first year we had to learn the basics, and then we had to take exams.
W: Was it easy to find a job?
M: I wrote to about six hotels and one of them gave me my first job, so I didn
W: And what
'
s the secret of being good at your job?
M: Attention to detail. You have to love it. You have to show passion for it.
W: And what are your plans for the future?
M: I want to have my own place when the time is right.
Q19. What does the man say about his job?
Q 20. What does the man think is the hardest part of his job?
Q 21. Where did the man get his first job after graduation?
Q 22. What does the man say is important to being good at his job?
Conversation 2
W: Now you
'
ve seen this table of figures about the pocket money children in Britain get?
M: Yes. I thought it was quite interesting , but I don
means?
W: Well, I think it means the change from the year before. I am not a mathematician, but I assume the rise from 70p to 90p is a rise
of 25 percent.
M: Oh yes, I see. And the inflation rate is there for comparison.
W: Yes. why do you think the rise in pocket money is often higher than inflation?
M: I am sorry I
'
s nor
'
t have to wait too long.
'
t quite understand the column entitled change. Can you explain what it
'
ve no idea. Perhaps parents in Britain are too generous.
'
s stran
61
W: Perhaps they are. But it looks as if children were not better off in 2001 than they were in 2002. That
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they seem to have been better off in 2003 than they are now. I wonder why that is.
M: Yes, I don
'
t understand that at all.
W: Anyway, if you had children, how much pocket money would you give them?
M: I don
'
t know. I think I
'
ll probably give them 2 pounds a week.
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62
W: Would you? And what would you expect them to do with it?
M: Well, out of that, they have to buy some small personal things, but I wouldn for
example.
W: Yes, by the way, do most children in your country get pocket money?
M: Yeah, they do.
Q23 What is the table of figures about?
Q24 What do we learn from the conversation about British children
Passage 1
As the new sales director for a national computer firm, Alex Gordon was looking forward to his first meeting with the company
'
s
district managers. Everyone arrived on time, and Alex
s pocket money?
Q25 Supposing the man had children, what would he expect them to do with their pocket money?
t ehxepireoctwtnh
'
s presentation went extremely well. He de
'
s plans meeting with the conversation about the importance of the district managers to the company
to continue to increase our share of the market,
district
be
”
cauhseeboefgtahne, qual
“
ity of the people in this room. The
manager is the key to the success of the sales representatives in his district. He sets the term for everyone else. If he has ambitious
goals and is willing to put in long hours, everyone in h is unit will follow his example.
”
When Alex was
fin
received polite applauses, but hardly the warm response he had hoped for. Later he spoke with one of the senior managers.
“
Thingswere going so well until the end
”
A, lex said disappointedly.
district
manager replied.
“
ObviIosuasildy,the wrong thing.
“”
Yest
”
he,
“
Half of our managers are women. Most have worked their way up from sales representatives, and they are
'
s growth. They adboonut pol
'
itictacl acroerraetcatnlless. But
‘
he
'
in your speech.
”
very proud of the role they played in the company
they were
definitely surprised and distressed to be referred to as
Q26 Who did Alex Gordon speak to at the first meeting?
Q27 What did Alex want to emphasize at the end of his presentation?
Q28 What do we learn about the audience at the meeting?
Q29 Why did Alex fail to receive the warm response he had hoped for?
Passage 2
The way to complain is to act business-like and important. If your complaint is immediate, suppose you got the wrong order at a
restaurant, make a polite but firm request to see the manager. When the manager comes, ask his or her name. And then state your
problem and what you expect to have done about it. Be polite! Shouting or acting rude will get you nowhere. But also be firm in mak
ing your complaint. Besides, act important. This doesn
'
t mean to put on airs and say
am?
”
What it means is that people are often treated the way they expect to be treated. If you act like someone who expects a fair
request to be granted, chances are it will be granted. The worst way to complain is over the telephone. You are speaking to a voice
coming from someone you cannot see. So you can
'
t tell how the person on the line is reacting. It is eas
r
person to give you the run-aroun d. Complaining in person or by letter is generally more effective. If your complaint doesn require
an immediate response, it often helps to complain by letter. If you have an appliance that doesn
to the store that sold it. Be business- like and stick to the point. Don
the problem and couldn
'
t spend a paragraph on how your uncle John tri
'
t.
Q30 What does the speaker suggest you do when you are not served properly at a restaurant?
Q31 Why does the speaker say the worst way to complain is over the telephone?
Q32 What should you do if you make a complaint by letter?
Passage 3
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Barbara Sanders is a wife and the mother of two children, ages 2 and 4. Her husband, Tom, is an engineer and makes an excellent
salary. Before Barbara had children, she worked as an architect for the government, designing government housing. She quit her
job when she became pregnant, but is now interested in returning to work. She's been offered an excellent job with the government.
Her husband feels it's unnecessary for her to work since the family does not need the added income. He also thinks that a woman
should stay home with her children. If Barbara feels the need to do socially important work, he thinks that she should do volunteer
work one or two days a week. Barbara, on the other hand, has missed the excitement of her profession and does not feel she would
be satisfied doing volunteer work. She would also like to have her own income, so she does not have to ask her husband for money
whenever she wants to buy something. She does not think it's necessary to stay home every day with the children and she knows a
very reliable babysitter who's willing to come to her house. Tom does not think a babysitter can replace a mother and thinks it's a
bad idea for the children to spend so much time with someone who's not part of the family.
Q33 What was Barbara's profession before she had children?
Q34 What does Barbara's husband suggest she do if she wants to work?
Q35 What does Tom think about hiring a babysitter?
Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in the school building, is smarter, more curious
，
less afraid of what he doesn't
know, better at finding and figuring things out, more confident, resourceful, persistent and independent, than he will either be again
in his schooling or, unless he is very unusual and very lucky, for the rest of his life.
Already, by paying close attention to and interacting with the world and people around him, and without any school-type formal
instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and abstract than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than
any of his teachers has done for years-he has solved the mystery of language. He has discovered it. Babies don't even know that
language exists.
And he has found out how it works and learnt to use it appropriately. He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing
his own model of the grammar of language, by trying it out and seeing whether it works, by gradually changing it and refining it until
it does work.
And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, including many of the concepts that the schools think
only they can teach him, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.
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