专业英语八级翻译-14

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2024年4月1日发(作者：)

专业英语八级翻译-14

(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、{{B}}TRANSLATION{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)

二、{{B}}SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH{{/B}}(总题数：3，分数：50.00)

1.参与并取胜，这就是奥林匹克精神。它表现于弱者敢于向强者挑战，也表现于强者力争取得更好的成绩。

胜而又胜，优而更优，这种理想一直鼓舞着运动员奋力前进。他会尽其所能，永不松懈，永不罢休。有人

说竞技者终究会是失败者，即使是最佳运动员也终将被更强者淘汰。成千上万个失败者才涌现一个胜利者，

这个胜利者最终仍将被取代，挤出光荣榜——这就是竞技运动的规律。然而运动员却从不为这种不可避免

的失败结局所沮丧，仍然力争最佳发挥。实在到了自知技穷之时，他会愉快地退下来，让位给年轻的优胜

者，并对自己在奥林匹克运动中争取更好成绩尽了一份力而心满意足。他会自豪地说他的青春没有虚度。

（分数：15.00）

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正确答案：(To participate and to win—that is the Olympic spirit. It finds expression in the weak

daring to defy the strong, and the strong striving for ever better performance. Ever better—the

ideal always lures a sportsman forward. He will do everything he can for it, never relax, never

give up. It is said that none of the competitors can avoid being defeated—even the best is bound

to be surpassed by someone still stronger. This is the rule of sports—thousands of losers to

set off one victor who in turn will eventually be replaced by someone on the honour list. However.

undaunted by the inevitable failure, he is always striving to do the best he can. When the time

comes and he knows he can't, he will step down happily to give place to the younger winner, aware

contentedly of the fact that he has done his bit for the "ever better" records of the Olympic

Games. He will say proudly that he has not lived his youth in vain.)

解析：[解析] 1．它表现于弱者敢于向强者挑战，也表现于强者力争取得更好的成绩：句中“弱者”和“强

者”可分别译为the weak和the strong。“挑战”可译为defy或challenge。“表现于”可译为finds

expression in或shows itself。 2．胜而又胜，优而更优，这种理想一直鼓舞着运动员奋力前进：句中

“胜而又胜，优而更优”意译为ever better即可，“这种理想”即ever better，因此该句可译为Ever

better—the ideal always lures a sportsman forward。“鼓舞……奋力前进”还可译为

ing ahead/fighting one's way。 3．他会尽其所能，永不松懈，永不罢休：第

四句中“他会尽其所能”可译为he will do everything he can for it，或he will do his best for it。

“永不罢休”即永不放弃，译为never give up即可。“松懈”还可译为let up或slacken off。 4．有

人说竞技者终究会是失败者：译为It is said that none of the competitors can avoid being defeated

或some say that it is inevitable for the competitors to be defeated in the end。 5．终将：可

译为is bound to。 6．被淘汰：可译为be surpassed。 7．更强者：若简单译为the stronger则容易产

生歧义，因为the best已经是最好的了，按照逻辑the stronger不可能超越。此处“更强者”在文中显

然指“后来者居上”的情况，故可译为someone still stronger或the later comers who are even stronger。

8．涌现：指产生、出现，可译为set off。 9．这个胜利者……荣榜：是对“一个胜利者”的补充说明，

因而可译为定语从句who in turn will eventually be replaced by someone on the honour list。 10．从

不为这种不可避免的失败结局所沮丧：可译为分词短语的形式，从而体现译文的多样化，该部分可译为

undaunted by the inevitable failure或never upset/discouraged by the inescapable failure。 11．力

争最佳发挥：可译为is always striving to do the best he can或exerts himself to the uttermost。

12．实在到了自知技穷之时：即“到了自己力不从心之时”，可译为when the time comes and he knows

he can't。 13．他会愉快地退下来，让位给年轻的优胜者：可合译为一句he will step down happily to

give place to the younger winner。 14．并对自己在奥林匹克运动……而心满意足：译为形容词短语

aware contentedly of the fact that he has done his bit for the "ever better" records of the Olympic

Games。

2.{{U}}你能怎么办呢?对于这个好老太太。邮差先生费了半天唇舌，终于又走到街上来了。小城的阳光照

在他的花白头顶上，他的模样既尊贵又从容，并有一种特别风韵，看见他你会当他是趁便出来散步的。说

实话他又何必紧张，他手里的信反正总有时间全部送到，那么在这个小城里，另外难道还会有什么事等候

他吗?虽然他有时候是这样抱歉，他为这个小城送来——不，这种事是很少有的，但愿它不常有。{{/U}}

{{U}}“送信的，有我的信吗?”正走间，一个爱开玩笑的小子忽然拦住他的去路。{{/U}} {{U}}“你的信

吗?”邮差先生笑了。“你的信还没有来，这会儿正在路上睡觉呢。”{{/U}} 邮差先生拿着信，顺着街道

走下去，没有一辆车子阻碍他，没有一种声音教他分心。阳光充足的照到街岸上、屋脊上和墙壁上，整个

小城都在寂静的光耀中。他身上要出汗，他心里——假使不为尊重自己的一把年纪跟好胡子，他真想大声

哼唱小曲。为此他深深赞叹：这个小城的天气多好!

（分数：15.00）

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正确答案：(What else could he do with this good old lady? After doing a lot of explaining, Mr.

Postman was finally on his way down the street again. With the top of his greying head bathed

in the small town sunlight, he looked dignified and calm with a characteristic bearing of his

own. People would probably think he was out taking a walk at his leisure. In fact, he had no need

for hurrying at all. He had plenty of time to finish delivering all the mail in his hand. Could

there be anything urgent in this town calling for his prompt attention? Yes, once in a while,

to his great regret, he did deliver a letter with a bit of unhappy news. It was very seldom though,

and he wished it would never happen again. "Hey, any letter for me?" a playful youngster suddenly

stopped him. "Your letter?" Mr. Postman smiled, "It hasn't arrived yet. For this moment, it's

dozing on its way.")

解析：[解析] 1．你能怎么办呢?对于这个好老太太：两句可合译为一句What else could he do with this

good old lady? 2．费了半天唇舌：指经好一番解释，可译为doing a lot of explaining。 3．他的模

样既尊贵又从容：可转译为句子He looked dignified and calm。 4．并有一种特别风韵：指具有他自己

的性格魅力，可转译为介词短语with a characteristic bearing of his own。 5．花白头顶：不宜译为

white top of his head，“白发”对应的英语常为grey hair，故此处应译为the top of his greying head。

6．看见他你会当他是趁便出来散步的：句中的“你”为泛指，译为people或you均可。“趁便”在此可

灵活译为at his leisure。 7．说实话他又何必紧张：可独立译为一句In fact, he had no need for hurrying

at all. 8．他手里的信反正总有时间全部送到：可译为主动句式He had plenty of time to finish

delivering all the mail in his hand． 9．虽然他有时候是这样抱歉：指他有时会感到遗憾，可译为

once in a while，to his great regret。 10．他为这个小城送来：根据上下文，他送来的应该是坏消息，

翻译时应把这层意思体现出来，即he did deliver a letter with a bit of unhappy news。 11．但愿

它不常有：施动者应该是邮差先生，故译文中可增添主语he，该句可译为he wished it would never happen

again。 12．拦住他的去路：简洁译为stopped him即可。

3.七十五岁时重返文坛，丁玲没有时间为自己的遭遇呻吟叹息。她就像年轻人一样急切地捧出了一枝报春

的红杏——《杜晚香》，忘情地投入新的生活和创作。她奔波于大江南北，游历于欧、关、澳大陆，会见

各种人，发表演说，奋笔疾书，写散文，写评论，每年都有十多万字的新作，每年都有新书问世。晚年的

丁玲，迎来了一个宝贵的创作旺盛期。她珍惜夕阳的余辉，计划在有生之年再写三本书。

（分数：20.00）

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正确答案：(When she reentered the literary circle at the age of 75, Ding Ling spared no time for

groaning over her miserable past. Instead, she, like a vigorous youth, urgently presented her

new book Du Wanxiang, a harbinger-of-spring of her rebirth, and completely devoted herself to

the anew life and creation. Her time was spent on rushing about the land, traveling around Europe,

America, and Australia, meeting people from all walks of life, and making lectures. Meanwhile,

she kept on speeding her pen, which led to a yearly production, essays and reviews, of more than

100,000 words. With new books published every year, Ding Ling, in her late life, stepped into

a highly productive period of creation. Enjoying the sun-setting twilight of her life, she planned

to write another three books for the rest of her life.)

解析：[解析] 1．七十五岁时重返文坛，丁玲没有时间为自己的遭遇呻吟叹息：句中“重返文坛”可译为

reentered the literary circle。“没有时问”在此可译为had no time或spared no time，“遭遇”

指过去的悲惨经历，可译为the miserable past。“呻吟叹息”在此可译为to groan over或to complain

and sigh。 2．她就像年轻人一样急切地捧出了一枝报春的红杏——《杜晚香》，忘情地投入新的生活和

创作：此句与上句构成转折关系，增译instead一词可以更好地承接上文。《杜晚香》是丁玲的一本新书，

译文中应体现这一点，即增译出her new book。“忘情地投入”即全心全意投入，译为completely devoted

herself。“捧出”不宜直译为brought out，在此指出版书籍，故译为presented更符合文意。 3．她奔

波于大江南北，游历于欧、美、澳大陆，会见各种人，发表演说，奋笔疾书，写散文，写评论，每年都有

十多万字的新作。每年都有新书问世：此句很长，为典型的流水句，可进行断句处理，“奔波……发表演

说”可单独译为一句，“奋笔疾书……新书问世”另为一句，其中“奋笔疾书”的结果是“每年都有十多

万字的新作”，翻译时要体现出这种因果关系。 4．奔波于大江南北：可意译为rushing about the land。

5．会见各种人：可译为meeting people from all walks of life。 6．奋笔疾书：可译为kept on speeding

her pen。 7．写散文，写评论：可转译为名词词组essays and reviews，作为production的同位语。 8．晚

年的丁玲：可译为Ding Ling, in her late life。 9．迎来了：即步入的意思，可译为stepped into。 10．旺

盛期：可译为a highly productive period或a flourishing period。 11．她珍惜夕阳的余辉，计划在

有生之年再写三本书：此句可将前半部分译为现在分词短语，后半部分译为主句。“夕阳的余辉”指的是

晚年的时光，可译为the sun-setting twilight of her life。“有生之年”可译为for the rest of her

life。

三、{{B}}SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE{{/B}}(总题数：3，分数：50.00)

fellow Americans, you, too, must play your part in our renewal. I challenge a new generation

of young Americans to a season of service, to act on your idealism, by helping troubled children,

keeping company with those in need, reconnecting our tom communities. There is so much to be done.

Enough, indeed, for millions of others who are still young in spirit, to give of themselves in

service, too. In serving we recognize a simple, but powerful, truth: we need each other, and we

must care for one another. Today we do more than celebrate America, we rededicate ourselves to

the very idea of America, an idea bona in revolution, and renewed through two centuries of challenge,

an idea tempered by the knowledge that but for fate, we, the fortunate and the unfortunate, might

have been each other; an idea ennobled by the faith that our nation can summon from its myriad

diversity, the deepest measure of unity; an idea infused with the conviction that America's long,

heroic journey must go forever upward.

（分数：15.00）

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正确答案：(同胞们，在我国复兴的过程中，你们也必须发挥自己的力量。我向新一代美国年轻人挑战，要

求你们投入这一奉献的季节——按照你们的理想主义行动起来，使不幸的儿童得到帮助，使贫困的人们得

到关怀，使四分五裂的社区恢复联系。要做的事情很多——确实够多的，以至于几百万在精神上仍然年轻

的人也可以奉献自己的力量。在奉献过程中，我们认识到相互需要这一简单而又强大的真理，我们必须相

互关心。今天，我们不仅是在赞颂美国，我们再一次把自己奉献给美国的理想：这个理想在革命中诞生，

在两个世纪的挑战中更新；这个理想经受了认识的考验，大家认识到，若不是命运的安排，幸运者和不幸

者有可能互换位置；这个理想由于一种信念而变得崇高，即我国能够从纷繁的多样性中实现最深刻的统一

性；这个理想洋溢着一种信心：美国漫长而英勇的旅程必将永远继续。)

解析：[解析] 1．My fellow Americans：译为“同胞们”即可。 2．in our renewal：译为“在我国复兴

的过程中”。 3．challenge：一词直指人心，含有“挑战，要求”之意，具有很强的号召力。 4．a season

of service：为名词短语，在此可译为“这一奉献的季节”。 5．act on：译为“按……行动”。 6．keeping

company with：本义为“与……结交”，在此引申译为“使……得到关怀”。 7．There is so much to be

done. Enough, indeed, for millions of others who are still young in spirit, to give of themselves

in service, too. In serving we recognize a simple, but powerful, truth: we need each other, and

we must care for one another：后句是对前句的具体说明，因此可借助破折号将两句合译为一句。give of

译为“奉献，贡献”。 8．in serving：可译为“在奉献过程中”。 9．we must care for one another：

独立译成一句，使语气得到加强。 10．do more than：不可译为“做得比……多”，而是译为“不仅仅”。

11．rededicate ourselves to：译为“再一次把自己奉献给”。 12．tempered by the knowledge：译为

“经受了认识的考验”。 13．an idea ennobled by the f unity：that引导的是faith

的同位语从句，翻译是通常以“即”一词引出同位语的内容。该部分可译为“这个理想由于一种信念而变

得崇高，即……的统一性”。 14．infused with：可译为“洋溢着”，也可译为“充满，贯穿”。

languages change over a period of time, for reasons which are imperfectly understood. Or

rather, since speech is really a form of human activity, like dancing or playing the piano—and

not an entity in itself—it is more exact to say that each successive generation behaves

linguistically in a slightly different manner from its predecessors. In his teens the young man

is impatient of what he considers to be the unduly stilted vocabulary and pronunciation of his

elders and he likes to show how up to date he is by the use of the latest slang, but as the years

go by some of his slang becomes standard usage and in any case he slowly grows less receptive

to linguistic novelties, so that by the time he reaches his forties he will probably be lamenting

the slipshod speech of the younger generation, quite unaware that some of the expressions used

in church and law-court were frowned upon by his own parents.

（分数：15.00）

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正确答案：(所有语言经过一段时间就会演变，其变化的原因是无法完全弄清楚的。或者更确切地说，由于

言语实际上是人类活动的一种形式，就像跳舞或弹钢琴一样——其本身并非是一个实体——每一代人在语

言的运用上总与上一代人略有不同。在十几岁的年轻人看来，年龄大一点的人讲话用词过于刻板拘谨，发

音很不自然。年轻人厌恶这一套，他们喜欢用最新的俚语以示自己时髦。可是，随着岁月的流逝，他们用

的俚语中的一部分变成了正式用语，他们本人到头来也渐渐地不再那么容易接受语言中新奇的东西。这样，

当他们年过四十以后，听着青年一代马虎随便的言谈也会大摇其头。殊不知，现今在教堂和法庭被人们一

本正经地使用着的部分词语和发音也正是当年引得他们的父母皱眉不止的东西。)

解析：[解析] 1．for reasons which are imperfectly understood：可译为“其变化的原因是无法完全

弄清楚的”。 2．entity：译为“实体”。 3．each successive generation：是相对于下文的predecessors

而言的，故前者可译为“每一代人”，而后者译为“上一代人”。 4．in his teens the young man：可

灵活译为“十几岁的年轻人”。 5．what f his elders：是年轻人对年龄大的人持有的

看法，可先译出来。unduly stilted本义为“过度不自然的，极为僵硬的”，作vocabulary and

pronunciation的共同形容词，unduly stilted vocabulary译为“讲话用词过于刻板拘谨”，而unduly

stilted pronunciation则译为“发音很不自然”。接着再译出is impatient of，即“年轻人厌恶这一套”。

6．up to date：可译为“时髦的，现代的”。 7．slowly grows less receptive to linguistic novelties：

译为“渐渐地不再那么容易接受语言中新奇的东西”。 8．lament：本义为“哀叹，痛惜”，在此可译为

“大摇其头”。 9．slipshod：译为“随便的，漫不经心的”。

rne reverted to the same symbol in a notebook entry seven years later, and in 1847 began

work on what was to be his greatest achievement, The Scarlet Letter. Such letters were actually

worn in colonial New England; instances have been recorded of a D for Drunkard, and even of an

I, signifying Incest. They furnished Hawthorne with just the combination of "moral and material"

that he could handle: here was a "type" bodied forth: here also was "a secret thing in public".

However, despite its near-perfect construction, few great books have been more hesitantly produced.

Worries over money prevented him from giving his whole mind to the story. He was troubled by its

"hell-fired" quality, and tried to make the book more attractive by supplying a lengthy preamble

on the Salem Custom House. Moreover, apart from his immature Fanshawe, Hawthorne had not written

anything longer than magazine stories. If his publisher had not badgered him, it is possible that

The Scarlet Letter would never have been completed as a novel.

（分数：20.00）

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正确答案：(七年以后，霍桑又在他的笔记里提到这个象征，从1847年起，他开始写这部后来成为他最伟

大成就的《红字》。这一类字母的饰品，在殖民时期的新英格兰的确有人戴过，根据记载，有过这样的事

例：用D代表醉鬼，甚至用I表示乱伦。它们正好给霍桑提供了他能够处理的“道德与物质”结合起来的

素材，这里面有一个具体化了的“典型”，也有“公众的秘密”。可是尽管有了一个几乎完美的结构，很

少有伟大的著作像他这部小说那样迟迟不能成书。经济上的烦恼，使他不能把全部精力放在这本书上。他

还为这本书“地狱之火”的性质发愁，为了使它更加生动，还在书前写了一篇描写塞勒姆海关的长序。此

外，除了不成熟的《范肖》，他从来还没有写过比杂志小说更长的作品。若非出版人不时去催促他，很可

能《红字》这部小说永远都不会完成。)

解析：[解析] 1．Hawthorne reverted to the same symbol in a notebook entry seven years later, and

in 1847 began work on what was to be his greatest achievement, The Scarlet Letter：revert本

义为“回到原来的话题”，在此可译为“再次提到”。本段节选为书评，因此涉及有些文学常识，如该句

中出现了书名The Scarlet Letter，对应的译文要加书名号。 2．Such letters were actually worn in

colonial New England; instances have been recorded of a D for Drunkard, and even of an I, signifying

Incest：前部分Such letters were actually worn没有明确提到施动者，可转译为汉语的主动句“的确

有人戴过”。instances have been recorded可译为“根据记载，有过这样的事例”。a D for Drunkard

为名词短语，转译为句子“用D代表醉鬼”。 3．with：可译为“为……提供”。 4．a "type"

bodied：可译为“具体化了的‘典型’”。 5．few great books have been more hesitantly produced：

含有双重否定之意，因此可译为“很少有伟大的著作像他这部小说那样迟迟不能成书”。 6．giving his

whole mind to：可译为“把全部精力放在”。 7．lengthy preamble：译为“长序”。 8．Salem Custom

House：为固定名词，对应的译文为“塞勒姆海关”。 9．apart from：译为“除了……之外”。 10．Fanshawe：

为书名，译为《范肖》。 11．badgered：译为“迫使，催促”。

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