8年级英语自学课第02讲 形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级(原卷版

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2023年12月25日发(作者：)

8年级英语自学课第02讲 形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级（原卷版）-2023年八年级英语人教版

第02讲 形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级

【寒假自学课】2023年八年级英语寒假精品课（人教版）

【基础知识】

一、比较级和最高级的构成方法

（一）规则变化

类别 构成方法

单音节词和少数双音节词

一般直接加-er, -est

以不发音字母e结尾时，加-r, -st

以辅音字母加y结尾时，把y变i，再加-er, -est

以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加-er, -est

在原级前加more, most

原级 比较级

long

tall

late

large

easy

happy

big

hot

careful

beautiful

longer

taller

later

larger

easier

happier

bigger

hotter

more careful

more beautiful

最高级

longest

tallest

lastest

largest

easiest

happiest

biggest

hottest

most careful

most beautiful

多音节词和部分双音节词

(二) 不规则变化

原级

good/well

many/much

bad/ill

little

far

old

比较级

better

more

worse

less

farther(较远)

further(进一步)

older(年纪较大的)

elder(较年长的)

最高级

best

most

worst

least

farthest（最远）

furthest(最大程度)

oldest(年纪最大的)

eldest(最年长的)

二、原级的用法

1、说明人或事物自身的性质、特征或状态时用形容词原级

2、有表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词原级。

3、原级比较即同级比较，表示两者在某一方面相同时或不同时用原级。具体结构如下：

用法

A+系动词/动词+as+原级+as+B,（肯定）

意为“A与B一样……”表示相同或相等（即A=B）.

A+be/动词+not+so/as+原级+as+B （否定）

意为“A不及B那样……”表示不如或不相等（即A≠B）.

A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B

意为“A是B的……倍”（常见倍数：一半half，一倍once，两倍twice，三倍及以上：数字+times）。

as much/many/……+as，表示前后的数量相同。

例句

China is almost as big as the US, but it is the biggest country in Asia.

I can’t run as fast as my brother.

Our school is twice as large as theirs.

John earns an much money as his brother.

He is as busy as a bee.

as+原级+as+用作比喻的名词

意为“像…一样”，此结构可形成许多习惯用于，多用于口语。

三、比较级的用法

(1)由表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时，用形容词或副词的比较级。如：It’s even colder today.

(2) 比较级的常见结构有：

A+ be/动词+ 比较级（含more+多音节形容词/副词原级）+than+ B, 表示“A比B…”,即A>B

The +比较级…, the+ 比较级…

表示 “越…,就越…”.

比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越…”.

注意：若为多音节词的比较级，则用“more and more+形容词原级”表示“越来越…”

A+be/动词+比较级+than any other+可数名词单数

A+be/动词+less+多音节形容词原级+than+B

表示“A不及B…”,即A

表示两者之间进行选择时，用句型：

Which/Who +be/动词+比较级，A or B?

表示“两者之间较…的一个”时，常用

“the+比较级”of +名词

表示“几倍于…”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”结构。

Sam has longer hair than Tom.

The more books you read, the more widely your mind will open up.

Talent shows are getting more and more popular.

He did better in math than any other boy in his class.

The film was less interesting than the book.

Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao?

He is the thinner of the two.

Your room is three times bigger than mine.

四、最高级的用法

1. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前可以不加。

2. 最高级常见结构有：

用法 例句

He is the tallest of the three boys.

A+be/动词+the+最高级+of/in/among+比较范围

Jim writes(the) most carelessly in his class.

He is one of the best players in the school.

A+be+one of +the+最高级+名词复数

表示“A是…中最…之一”。

表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用句型：Which/Who+be/动词+the+最高级，A，B or C？

A+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数+范围”

表示“第几个最…”。

形容词最高级前面可以用形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，但不能再加the

Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?

She is the second tallest girl in our class.

I got into a fight with my best friend.

【考点剖析】

考点一： 形容词和副词的原级

1．（2022·北京大兴·八年级期中）My parents often tell us P.E. is as ________ as the other

subjects.

A．important B．more important

C．most important D．the most important

2．（2022·广东广州·八年级期中）No one is ________ Mary in the class.

A．so tallest as B．as taller as C．so high as D．so tall as

3．（2022·河北·石家庄市第二十二中学八年级期中）Bob does his homework ________ I.

A．as careful as B．so carefully as C．more careful than D．as carefully as

考点二： 形容词和副词的比较级

4．（2022·江苏南京·八年级期中）— What do you think of the film Home Coming?

— Amazing! You can’t find a ________ one during this National Day holiday.

A．more popular B．less popular C．most popular D．least popular

5．（2022·河北·辛集市辛集镇育红中学八年级期中）The more exercise you take, ________

you will be.

A．healthier B．the healthiest C．the healthier D．the weaker

6．（2022·北京·北师大实验中学八年级期中）________ exercise you take, ________ you will

be.

A．The more; the healthier B．The more; more healthy

C．More; healthier D．The most; the healthiest

7．（2022·广东·广州大学附属中学八年级期中）Li Ming speaks Chinese ________ better

than me.

A．very B．much C．a lot of D．more

8．（2022·北京房山·八年级期中）—Listen! Who is singing in the next room?

—Lily. She sings much ________ than before.

A．well B．better C．best D．the best

考点三： 形容词和副词的最高级

9．（2022·河北石家庄·八年级期中）Shu-how Lin is now one of ________ basketball players

in the NBA．

A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular D．welcome

10．（2022·江苏南京·八年级期中）Young people today like to watch TV with ________

advertisements.

A．less B．least C．fewer D．fewest

11．（2022·广东·广州大学附属中学八年级期中）Henry won first prize in the school sports

game, because he jumped ________ of all.

A．far B．farther C．the farthest D．further

12．（2022·江苏·南京师范大学附属中学江宁分校八年级阶段练习）Lily is a(n) ________

student. She answers the teachers’ questions ________ in her class.

A．active, more actively B．more actively, more active

C．more active, the most actively D．active, the most actively

【真题演练】

13．（2022·湖北襄阳·中考真题）— Which do you like better, math or physics?

—Both of them are my favorite subjects. I think math is as _________ as physics.

A．interesting B．more interesting C．less interesting D．most interesting

14．（2022·湖南益阳·中考真题）—Is your hair as ________ as Mary’s?

—No, it isn’t. Hers is ________ than mine.

A．long; long B．longer; long C．long; longer

15．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—What do you do to keep healthy?

—I do more sports and eat ________ fast food.

A．less B．fewer C．more

16．（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）Jim is ________ than Peter.

A．tall B．taller C．the tallest

17．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）— Uncle Wang, could you tell me the secret of your good

health?

— In my view, ______ vegetables and ______ meat.

A．less; less B．more; more C．more; less D． less; more

18．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）________ you are, ________ mistakes you will make in the

exam.

A．The more carefully; the fewer

B．The more careful; the fewer

C．The less careless; the less

19．（2022·湖北鄂州·中考真题）— Which do you like _________, Chinese or English?

— Chinese.

A．good B．well C．better D．best

20．（2022·湖南岳阳·中考真题）With the development of 5G technology, our daily lives have

become _______.

A．more and more convenient

B．the most convenient

C．convenienter and convenienter

21．（2022·重庆·中考真题）Roy is a great dancer. He dances ________ than others.

A．beautifully B．more beautifully C．less beautifully D．most beautifully

22．（2022·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）—Look! The United Nations(联合国) issued(发行) a

stamp of the Grand Canal(大运河).

—Great! It is ________ in the world.

A．long B．longer C．the longest

23．（2022·广西河池·中考真题）Katie is ________ of the three girls in her family.

A．young B．younger C．the younger D．the youngest

24．（2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）Leo likes speed skating and he thinks it’s _________ event at

the Beijing Winter Olympics.

A．exciting B．more exciting

C．most exciting D．the most exciting

25．（2022·贵州毕节·中考真题）Making robots is one of ________ activities among students.

Each of them has his own robot.

A．more popular B．the most popular C．more difficult D．the most difficult

26．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）Oh, she smiles! She nods! She understands! We’ve got

________ dog in the world.

A．a cleverer B．the cleverest C．a shyer D．the shyest

27．（2022·四川·乐山市教育科学研究所中考真题）— Did you see the football match

yesterday?

— Yes! I think it is the ________ game that I have ever seen.

A．exciting B．more exciting C．most exciting

28．（2021·辽宁阜新·中考真题）Mike lives _______ from school of all the students, so he

always takes a bus to school.

A．far B．farther C．further D．the farthest

【过关检测】

二、用所给单词的正确形式填空

29．（2022·新疆阿克苏·八年级阶段练习）Are you as ________ (friendly) as Tina?

30．（2022·山东济南·八年级期中）Tom reads as ________ (loud) as Tina.

31．（2021·湖北·五峰土家族自治县中小学教研培训中心八年级期中）We all know Tara

works as _______ (hard) as Tina.

32．（2022·山东济南·八年级期中）In the singing competition, he didn’t sing so ________

(clear) as Bob.

33．（2022·山东·济南市历城区教育教学研究中心八年级期中）In fact, she is _________

(funny) than anyone I know.

34．（2022·北京市第三十五中学八年级期中）The population of Beijing is much ________

(large) than that of Tianjin.

35．（2022·江苏扬州·八年级期末）The ______ the kites fly, the smaller they seem.(high)

36．（2022·江苏江苏·八年级期末）I’m driving so slowly because it’s much ________ (fog)

than yesterday.

37．（2022·江苏扬州·八年级期末）Near the end of the class, my teacher often asks, “Do you

have any ________ questions?” (far)

38．（2022·吉林长春·八年级期末）The weather is even _________ (bad) today than it was

yesterday.

39．（2022·重庆南开中学八年级期末）After more factories came, the river became a lot

________ (polluted).

40．He caught a bad cold yesterday, but today he is much _____. (well)

41．This book is _____ (interesting) than that one.

42．I am very tired. But Tom is ________ than I. (tired)

43．This kind of animal is even _______ (tiny) than that kind.

44．（2022·重庆·西南大学附中八年级期中）Amazon River is the second ________（long）river in the world just after the Nile.

45．（2022·山东济南·八年级期中）Spring Park is ________ (crowded) place in town. All the

people like to go there.

46．（2022·广东·广州市第七中学八年级期中）His report is ________ (bad) among all, so he

has to do it again.

47．China is one of the ________ countries in the world, because it has a history of over 5,000

years. (old)

48．This book is _____ than the other two. It is _____ of the three. (easy)

49．（2022·广东·广州市培正中学八年级单元测试）The Mona Lisa is one of the most famous

________(paint) in the world.

50．（2021·山东·德州经济技术开发区教学研究室八年级期中）He lives ________ (far) than

me, so he takes the subway to get to school.

51．Dick sings ____，she sings ____ than John，but Mary sings ____ in her class.(well)

52．（2022·全国·八年级）In the dancing competition, Nelly danced as ____ (good) as Lisa, but

Anna danced even ____ (good) than any other girl.

53．（2021·山东·兰陵县教学研究室八年级期中）His mother talks much ________ (much)

than his father at home. She never stops talking.

54．（2022·重庆南开中学八年级期中）Town Cinema has the best seats in the neighborhood.

You can sit the ________ (comfortable) there.

55．Betty writes _____________(carefully) in our class.

56．John has only half an hour for his hobbies at ____________ (much).

57．（2021·湖南·新化县东方文武学校八年级期中）He works ________ (quickly) in our

office.

58．（2020·江苏·盐城市明达初级中学八年级阶段练习）Jim jumped the _____________ (far)

of all the students in the sports meeting.

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