论语的 英文翻译

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2024年5月18日发(作者：)

1

．温故而知新，可以为师矣。

If a man keeps cherishing his old knowledge, so as continually to be acquiringnew,

he may be a teacher of others.

2．学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。

Learning without thought is labour lost; thought without learning isperilous.

3．敏而好学，不耻下问。

He was of an active nature and yet fond of learning, and he was not ashamed to askand learn

of his inferiors.

4．知之者，不如好之者，好之者，不如乐之者。

They who know the truth are not equal to those who loveit, and they who love it are not

equal to those who delight in it.

5．默而识之，学而不厌，诲人不倦，何有于我哉。

The silent treasuring up of knowledge; learning withoutsatiety; and instructing

others without being wearied -- which one of these things belongs to me?

6．三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。

When I walk along with two others, theymay serve me as my teachers. I will

select their good qualities and follow them, their bad qualities and avoidthem.

7．子曰：“知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。”

The Master said, "They who know the truth are not equal to those who love it, and

they who love it are notequal to those who delight in it."

二．

于君子

1．曾子曰：“

吾日三省吾身

——为人谋而不忠乎？于朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”

The philosopher Tsang said, "I daily examine myself on three points:-whether, in

transacting business for others,I may have been not faithful;-whether, in

intercourse with friends, I may have been not sincere;-whether I mayhave not

mastered and practiced the instructions of my teacher."

2．子曰：“

君子不重，则不威

；学则不固。主忠信。无友不如己者。过，则勿惮改。”

The Master said, "If the scholar be not grave, he will not call forth any

veneration, and his learning will not besolid. "Hold faithfulness and sincerity as

first principles. "Have no friends not equal to yourself. "When you havefaults, do

not fear to abandon them."

3．有子曰：“

礼之用，和为贵

。先王之道，斯为美；小大由之。有所不行，知和而和，不以礼节之，亦不可行也。”

The philosopher Yu said, "In practicing the rules of propriety, a natural ease is to

be prized. In the waysprescribed by the ancient kings, this is the excellent

quality, and in things small and great we follow them."Yet itis not to be observed

in all cases. If one, knowing how such ease should be prized, manifests it,

withoutregulating it by the rules of propriety, this likewise is not to be done."

4．子曰：“君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏於事而慎於言，就有道而正焉，可谓好学也已。”

The Master said, "He who aims to be a man of complete virtue in his food does not seek to

gratify his appetite,nor in his dwelling place does he seek the appliances of ease; he

is earnest in what he is doing, and careful in hisspeech; he frequents the company

of men of principle that he may be rectified:-such a person may be saidindeed to

love to learn."

5．子曰：“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所

欲，不逾矩。”

The Master said, "At fifteen, I had my mind bent on learning. "At thirty, I stood

firm. "At forty, I had nodoubts. "At fifty, I knew the decrees of Heaven. "At

sixty, my ear was an obedient organ for the reception of truth. "At seventy, I

could follow what my heart desired, without transgressing what was right."

6．子曰：“君子周而不比，小人比而不周。”

The Master said, "The superior man is catholic and not partisan. The mean man is

partisan and not catholic."

7．子曰：“由！诲女知之乎！知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。”

The Master said, "Yu, shall I teach you what knowledge is? When you know a thing,

to hold that you know it;and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not

know it;-this is knowledge."

8．子曰：“君子之於天下也，无适也，无莫也，义之於比。”

The Master said, "The superior man, in the world, does not set his mind either for

anything, or against anything;what is right he will follow."

9．子曰：“君子怀德，小人怀土；君子怀刑，小人怀惠。”

The Master said, "The superior man thinks of virtue; the small man thinks of comfort. The

superior man thinksof the sanctions of law; the small man thinks of favors which he

may receive."

10．子曰：“君子喻於义，小人喻於利。”

The Master said, "The mind of the superior man is conversant with righteousness;

the mind of the mean man isconversant with gain."

11．子曰：“见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。”

The Master said, "When we see men of worth, we should think of equaling them;

when we see men of acontrary character, we should turn inwards and examine ourselves."

12．子曰：“父母在，不远游，游必有方。”

The Master said, "While his parents are alive, the son may not go abroad to a

distance. If he does go abroad, hemust have a fixed place to which he goes."

13．子曰：“君子欲讷於言而敏於行。”

The Master said, "The superior man wishes to be slow in his speech and earnest in

his conduct."

14

．

子曰：“质胜文则野，文胜质则史。文质彬彬，然後君子。”

The Master said, "Where the solid qualities are in excess of accomplishments, we

have rusticity; where theaccomplishments are in excess of the solid qualities, we

have the manners of a clerk. When theaccomplishments and solid qualities are

equally blended, we then have the man of virtue."

15．子曰：“君子博学於文，约之以礼，亦可以弗畔矣夫！”

The Master said, "The superior man, extensively studying all learning, and keeping

himself under the restraint of the rules of propriety, may thus likewise not

overstep what is right."

16．子曰：“君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚。”

The Master said, "The superior man is satisfied and composed; the mean man is

always full of distress."

17．曾子曰：“士，不可以不弘毅，任重而道远。仁以为己任，不亦重乎，死而後已，不亦远乎。”

The philosopher Tsang said, "The officer may not be without breadth of mind and

vigorous endurance. Hisburden is heavy and his course is long. "Perfect virtue is

the burden which he considers it is his to sustain;-is itnot heavy? Only with death

does his course stop;-is it not long?

18．子曰：“三军可夺师也，匹夫不可夺志也。”

The Master said, "The commander of the forces of a large state may be carried off, but the

will of even acommon man cannot be taken from him."

19

．子曰：“知者不惑；仁者不忧；勇者不惧。”

The Master said, "The wise are free from perplexities; the virtuous from anxiety;

and the bold from fear."

20．司马牛问“君子”。子曰：“

君子不忧不惧

。”曰：“不忧不惧，斯谓之君子矣

乎？“子曰：“内省不疚，夫何忧何惧？”

sze-ma niu asked about the superior man. the master said, "the superior man has

neither anxiety nor fear.""being without anxiety or fear!" said nui;"does this

constitute what we call the superior man?" the mastersaid, "when internal

examination discovers nothing wrong, what is there to be anxious about, what is

thereto fear?"

21

．司马牛忧曰：“人皆有兄弟，我独亡！”子夏曰：“商闻之矣：„死生有命，富贵在天‟。君子敬而无

失，与人恭而有礼；

四海之内，皆兄弟也。

君子何患乎无兄弟也？”

sze-ma niu, full of anxiety, said, "other men all have their brothers, I only have

not."tsze-hsia said to him, "there is the following saying which I have

heard-'death and life have theirdetermined appointment; riches and honors depend upon

heaven.'"let the superior men never fail reverentially to order his own conduct, and

let him be respectful to othersand observant of propriety:-then all within the

four seas will bee his brothers. what has the superior manto do with being

distressed because he has no brothers?"

22．子曰：“

君子成人之美，不成人之恶

；小人反是。”

the master said, "the superior man seeks to perfect the admirable qualities of

men, and does not seek toperfect their bad qualities. the mean man does the

opposite of this."

23．曾子曰：“君子以文会友；以友辅仁。”

the philosopher tsang said, "the superior man on grounds of culture meets with

his friends, and by friendshiphelps his virtue."

24．子曰∶「其身正，不令而行；其身不正，虽令不从。」

the master said, "when a prince's personal conduct is correct, his government is

effective without the issuing of orders. if his personal conduct is not correct, he

may issue orders, but they will not be followed."

25．子曰∶「君子和而不同；小人同而不和。」

the master said, "the superior man is affable, but not adulatory; the mean man is

adulatory, but not affable."

26．曾子曰∶「君子思不出其位。」

the philosopher tsang said, "the superior man, in his thoughts, does not go out of

his place."

27．子曰∶「君子耻其言而过其行。」

the master said, "the superior man is modest in his speech, but exceeds in his

actions."

28．子曰∶「君子道者三，我无能焉∶仁者不忧；知者不惑；勇者不惧。」子贡

曰∶「夫子自道也！」

the master said, "the way of the superior man is threefold, but I am not equal to

it. virtuous, he is free fromanxieties; wise, he is free from perplexities; bold, he is free

from -kung said, "master, that is what you yourself say."

29．子曰∶「君子义以为质，礼以行之，孙以出之，信以成之；君子哉！」

the master said, "the superior man in everything considers righteousness to be

essential. he performs itaccording to the rules of propriety. he brings it forth in

humility. he completes it with sincerity. this is indeed asuperior man."

30．子曰∶「君子病无能焉，不病人之不己知也。」

the master said, "the superior man is distressed by his want of ability. he is not

distressed by men's not knowinghim."

31．子曰∶「君子疾没世而名不称焉。」

the master said, "the superior man dislikes the thought of his name not being

mentioned after his death."

32．子曰∶「君子求诸己；小人求诸人。」

the master said, "what the superior man seeks, is in himself. what the mean man

seeks is in others."

33．子曰∶「君子矜而不争，群而不党。」

the master said, "the superior man is dignified, but does not wrangle. he is

sociable, but not a partisan."

34．子曰∶「君子不以言举人；不以人废言。」

the master said, "the superior man does not promote a man simply on account of his words, nor

does he putaside good words because of the man."

35．子曰∶「君子谋道不谋食；耕也，馁在其中矣；学也，禄在其中矣。君子忧不忧贫。」

the master said, "the object of the superior man is truth. food is not his object.

there is plowing;-even in thatthere is sometimes want. so with learning;-emolument may be

found in it. the superior man is anxious lest heshould not get truth; he is not anxious lest

poverty should come upon him."

36．子曰∶「君子不可小知，而可大受也；小人不可大受，而可小知也。」

the master said, "the superior man cannot be known in little matters; but he may

be in trusted with greatconcerns. the small man may not be in trusted with great

concerns, but he may be known in little matters."

37．子曰∶「君子贞而不谅。」

The master said, "the superior man is correctly firm, and not firm merely."

38．子路曰∶「君子尚勇乎？」子曰∶「君子义以为上。君子有勇而无义为乱，小人有勇而无义为

盗。」

tsze-lu said, "does the superior man esteem valor?" the master said, "the superior

man holds righteousness tobe of highest importance. a man in a superior situation,

having valor without righteousness, will be guilty of insubordination; one of the

lower people having valor without righteousness, will commit robbery."

39．子夏曰：「君子有三变：望之俨然；即之也温；听其言也厉。」

tsze-hsia said, "the superior man undergoes three changes. looked at from a

distance, he appears stern; whenapproached, he is mild; when he is heard to speak,

his language is firm and decided."

40．子贡曰：「君子之过也，如日月之食焉。过也，人皆见之；更也，人皆仰之。」

tsze-kung said, "the faults of the superior man are like the eclipses of the sun

and moon. he has his faults, andall men see them; he changes again, and all men

look up to him."

41.子曰∶「事君敬其事而後其食。」

the master said, "a minister, in serving his prince, reverently discharges his

duties, and makes his emolument asecondary consideration."

42.子曰：

“

躬自厚而薄责于人，则远怨矣。

”

孔子说：

“

多责备自己而少责备别人，那就可以避免别人的怨恨了。

”

三．

关于教育

1．子曰：“不愤不咎，不悱不发。举一隅不以三隅反，则不复也。”

The Master said, "I do not open up the truth to one who is not eager to get

knowledge, nor help out any onewho is not anxious to explain himself. When I have

presented one corner of a subject to any one, and he cannotfrom it learn the other

three, I do not repeat my lesson."

2．子曰∶「工欲善其事，必先利其器。居是邦也，事其大夫之贤者，友其士之仁者。」

tsze-kung asked about the practice of virtue. the master said, "the mechanic, who

wishes to do his work well,must first sharpen his tools. when you are living in any state,

take service with the most worthy among its greatofficers, and make friends of the most

virtuous among its scholars."

3．子曰∶「人无远虑，必有近忧。」

the master said, "if a man take no thought about what is distant, he will find sorrow near at

hand."

4。子曰∶「有教无类。」

the master said, "in teaching there should be no distinction of classes."

5．子曰∶「道不同，不相为谋。」

the master said, "those whose courses are different cannot lay plans for one another."

6．玉不琢，不成器；人不学，不知道。是故古之王者，建国君民，教学为先。《礼记

·学记》

玉如不琢磨就不能成为器物；人如不学习，就不懂道理。因此，古代贤君，建国治民，都把教育放在

首位

。

7.

“

师也者，教之以事而喻诸德也。

” ——

《礼记》

本文标签： 君子小人建国不忧不可