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一、环境信息
1.1、操作系统
centos7
1.2、Elasticsearch版本
7.13.4
1.3、主机清单
集群 | 节点名称 | 内网IP | Kibana |
---|---|---|---|
cfg-cluster-1 | node-01 | 192.168.30.13 | http://localhost:5602 |
node-02 | 192.168.30.14 | ||
node-03 | 192.168.30.15 |
1.4、需求
集群快照存储路径: /elastic/backup
仓库名:my_backup
快照名:snapshot_1
快照含索引: snapshot_index_1
、snapshot_index_2
二、配置
2.1.配置文件elasticsearch.yml(所有节点都要配置),并重启集群
path.repo: "/elastic/backup"
2.2.配置集群共享目录 “/elastic/backup”
参照另一篇 Centos7 NFS共享目录(单机版)
2.3.按官方文档进行操作
2.3.1 注册快照仓库
PUT /_snapshot/my_backup
{
"type": "fs",
"settings": {
"location": "/elastic/backup"
}
}
location
配置的路径 ,必须和集群 elasticsearh.yml
中配置path.repo
保持一致
2.3.2 创建快照
创建测试索引数据
PUT snapshot_index_1/_doc/1
{
"title":"index_1"
}
PUT snapshot_index_2/_doc/1
{
"title":"index_2"
}
创建快照
PUT /_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1?wait_for_completion=true
{
"indices": "snapshot_index_1,snapshot_index_2",
"ignore_unavailable": true,
"include_global_state": false
}
2.3.3 挂载可搜索快照(option)
POST /_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1/_mount?wait_for_completion=true
{
"index": "snapshot_index_1",
"renamed_index": "renamed_snapshot_index_1",
"index_settings": {
"index.number_of_replicas": 0
},
"ignore_index_settings": [ "index.refresh_interval" ]
}
验证
# 通过可搜索快照挂载 索引名查询,可查到索引数据
GET renamed_snapshot_index_1/_search
结果 仅body体
{
"_index" : "renamed_snapshot_index_1",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"title" : "index_1"
}
}
2.3.4 还原快照
POST /_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1/_restore
{
"indices": "snapshot_index_1,snapshot_index_2",
"ignore_unavailable": true,
"include_aliases": false
}
2.3.5 删除快照
DELETE /_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1
三、常见问题解答
3.1、集群启动报错
uncaught exception in thread [main]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to access 'path.repo' (/elastic/backup)
Likely root cause: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /elastic
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:84)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:102)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:107)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystemProvider.createDirectory(UnixFileSystemProvider.java:384)
at java.nio.file.Files.createDirectory(Files.java:674)
at java.nio.file.Files.createAndCheckIsDirectory(Files.java:781)
at java.nio.file.Files.createDirectories(Files.java:767)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Security.ensureDirectoryExists(Security.java:299)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.FilePermissionUtils.addDirectoryPath(FilePermissionUtils.java:59)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Security.addFilePermissions(Security.java:223)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Security.createPermissions(Security.java:154)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Security.configure(Security.java:104)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:212)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:397)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:159)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:150)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:75)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:116)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:79)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:115)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:81)
For complete error details, refer to the log at /usr/local/elasticsearch-7.13.4/logs/cfg-cluster-1.log
原因:
yml配置了 path.repo
,但是服务器上该目录不存在 /elastic/backup
解决:
创建目录并赋权 :
mkdir -p /elastic/backup
chmod 777 -R /elastic
3.2、注册snapshot仓库报错
This might indicate that the store [/elastic/backup] is not shared between this node and the master node or that permissions on the store don't allow reading files written by the master node];
原因:
elastic用户没权限访问master的存储: /elastic/backup
,即该目录没做集群共享,从节点无法访问主节点的 /elastic/backup
目录
解决:
参照上文 二、配置
> 2.配置集群共享目录
即: Centos7 NFS共享目录(单机版)
3.3、还原快照报错
{
"error" : {
"root_cause" : [
{
"type" : "snapshot_restore_exception",
"reason" : "[my_backup:snapshot_1/w-dkxwRWRky8SBceJpomnw] cannot restore index [snapshot_index_1] because an open index with same name already exists in the cluster. Either close or delete the existing index or restore the index under a different name by providing a rename pattern and replacement name"
}
],
"type" : "snapshot_restore_exception",
"reason" : "[my_backup:snapshot_1/w-dkxwRWRky8SBceJpomnw] cannot restore index [snapshot_index_1] because an open index with same name already exists in the cluster. Either close or delete the existing index or restore the index under a different name by providing a rename pattern and replacement name"
},
"status" : 500
}
原因: 集群中已存在和要还原索引同名的索引
解决:
-
删除已存在同名索引在还原
-
还原索引时重命名,例如
snapshot_index_1
还原成snapshot_index_1
POST /_snapshot/my_backup/snapshot_1/_restore { "indices": "snapshot_index_1", "ignore_unavailable": true, "include_global_state": false, "rename_pattern": "snapshot_index_(.+)", "rename_replacement": "restored_index_$1", "include_aliases": false }
验证:
# 查询新索引 GET snapshot_restored_index_1/_search # 结果 仅body体 { "_index" : "snapshot_restored_index_1", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "title" : "index_1" } }
3.4、license不支持
{
"error" : {
"root_cause" : [
{
"type" : "security_exception",
"reason" : "current license is non-compliant for [searchable-snapshots]",
"license.expired.feature" : "searchable-snapshots"
}
],
"type" : "security_exception",
"reason" : "current license is non-compliant for [searchable-snapshots]",
"license.expired.feature" : "searchable-snapshots"
},
"status" : 403
}
原因:
可搜索快照/跨集群复制 都是收费功能,需要开启kibana试用功能
见官网: https://www.elastic.co/cn/pricing/
解决:
kibana中,点击 左上角 三横 的菜单,滑到最下面面,Stack Management
-> 最左下角菜单 License management
-> 正文中 Start a 30-day trial
,点击 Start trial
开启试用
删除 data 目录后会重置,所以每次删除data后都需要重新开启试用
3.5、版本不匹配
此项官方文档有说明版本兼容性问题,未做验证
见官网:https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.13/snapshot-restore.html#snapshot-restore-version-compatibility
四、参考文档
elasticsearch官方文档:
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.13/snapshot-restore.html
本文标签: 快照入门教程Elasticsearchsnapshot
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