中医英语重要词汇o参考资料

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2023年12月30日发(作者：)

中医英语重要词汇

针灸：acupuncture and moxibustion。经络：meridian/channel and collateral。表：exterior，里：interior。归经：meridians tropism

舌象：

淡红舌：light red tongue,淡白舌：pale tongue。薄苔：thin coating。厚苔：thick coating，润：moist，燥dry，腻：greasy。绛：crimson。枯荣老嫩：flourishing,withered,tough,tender.

方剂：formula，prescription

配伍关系：compatibility/combination relationship。

方剂的加减：modification of prescription .药~medicinal

君臣佐使：sovereign，minister，assistant，guide。

症状：

手足厥冷：reversal cold of hand and feet,哮：wheezing 哮喘：asthma。恶心：nausea，痢疾：dysentery。自汗：spontaneous sweating，尿频：frequent

urination，带下：leukorrhea。便溏：loose stool。便秘：constipation,面色：complexion。里急后重：tenesmus。呕吐：vomiting，嗳气：belching.

得神：presence of vitality,呃逆：hiccup,太息：sighing.小便：urine，大便：stool。口渴：thirst。胁痛：hypochondriac pain，咯血：hemoptysis，胸痛：chest pain，眩晕：vertigo/dizziness，心悸：palpitation，腹痛：abdominal pain。游走性关节疼痛：migratory arthralgia pain。尿血：hermaturia.闭经：amenorrhoea 神昏：unconsciousness,不欲食：anorexia.纳差poor appetite，腹胀abdominal distension，失眠：insomnia，疲乏lassitude，消瘦emaciation ,营养不良malnutrition，中风：apoplexy。健忘：amnesia，多梦：dreamfulness,心烦：vexation.

病因etiology.病机mechanism of disease.

六淫：six excesses：wind,cold,summerheat,dampness,dryness,fire。内生五邪：five pathogens.外感六淫：six exogenous pathogenic factors，

邪正相争：struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic qi。瘀血：static

blood。邪正关系：the relationship of pathogenic qi and healthy qi.

感受寒邪：attacked by pathogenic cold.热极生风：extreme heat producing

wind。风寒感冒：common cold due tp wind-cold。恶寒：aversion to cold.

风为百病之长：wind being the leading pathogenic factor of various diseases

湿盛：excessive dampness.痰饮水湿：phlegm-fluid retention.

七情内伤：internal impairment due to seven emotions.

恐则气下:fear causing qi sinking，惊则气乱：fright causing disorder of

qi。饮食不节：improper diet。

精血同源：essence and blood from same source。

阳盛格阴：exuberant yang repelling yin。亡阳：yang exhaustion。

真热假寒：true heat with false cold。阳损及阴：yang impairment affecting

yin。骨蒸潮热：steaming bone fever and tidal fever。

气为血帅：qi being commander of blood,血为气母：blood being mother of

qi,益气固脱：replenishing qi and consolidating collapse.气滞：qi

stagnation,血瘀：blood stasis.津液：body fluids。湿浊：dampness turbidity.

湿热：dampness-heat。汤剂：decoction。剂型剂量：drug form and dosage。痰湿：壅盛：exuberant,中气下陷：middle qi collapse.

治疗治疗原则：therapeutic principles

滋阴降火：nourishing yin and reduce yang,瘀血致病：diseases caused by

blood stagnation.汗吐下：diaphoresis,vomiting,purgation .实践经验practical experience 临床疗效clinical effort.

发汗解表：inducing sweating to releasing exterior，升阳：elevating yang.

潜阳：subduing yang,涌吐：emetic therapy,收敛固涩：astringing and checking,燥湿清热：dry dampness and clear heat，活血：invigorates the blood。

Sweet:tonifying,harmonizing,moderating止泻：stop diarrhea，平喘：sooth

asthma,通便：move stool,降气：conduct qi.利尿通便：promote urination

and defecation,安神：calm the mind，表里：exterior and interior,虚实：deficiency and excess，辨证论治：treatment based on syndrome

differetiation。四诊：four examinations:望闻问切：inspection，listening

and smelling,inquiry,pulse taking/palpation.异病同治：treat the

different diseases with same therapy.

中药：chinese materia medica

四气五味：four properties(warm,heat,cool,cold) and five

flavors(sour,bitter,sweet,acrid,pungent-spicy,salty).

炮制：processing of herbs，升降沉浮：ascending，descending，sinking，floating。辛温药：herbs pungent in taste and warm in nature,辛凉药：herbs

pungent in taste and cold in natuer.辛温解表药：pungent and warm herbs

with the function of the releasing exterior.酸苦涌泄为阴：sour and bitter

with emetic and purgative effects pertaining to yin,辛甘发散为阳：pungent

and sweet with dispersing effects pertaining to yang.淡味渗泄为阳：bland

taste with dampness-excreting and diuretic effects pertaining to yang.

脉：vessel/pulse：浮脉：floating pulse，沉脉：deep~,迟脉：slow~，滑脉：slippery~，缓脉：moderate~，细脉：thready~，虚脉：feeble~，弱脉：weak~，实脉replete~,弦脉：wiry~，洪脉：surging~，濡脉：soggy~，紧脉：tight~，促脉：irregular-rapid~，结脉：irregular intermittent~，代脉：regular intermittent~。

五脏five zang-organs藏象：visceral manifestations.

心合小肠：heart and small intestine in pair。心主血脉：heart governing

blood and vessel，神：spirit/vitality/mental activity。

心为君主之官：the heart is the monarch organ.胸：thorax，膈膜：diaphragm,心包：pericardium。Open into the tongue,manifesting on the

face,associating with joy in emotions and sweat in secretion.

Heart qi is vigorous/abundance of the heart qi,blood circulate

normally,smoothly in the vessels. Heart is the residence of the spirit.

肺：dominate the qi and control respiration,govern

ascent,dispersion,purification,descent as well as regulate water passage（通调水道）.relate to sorrow in emotions and the skin and hair in the

exterior.宣发肃降：ascent，dispersion，purification and descent. 肝气上逆：upward adverse flow of liver qi.通调水道：dredging and reglation

water passage.肺合皮毛：lung being related to skin and body hair。

肾主生殖/水/纳气/骨：kidney governing reproduction/water/qi

reception/bone marrow。肾藏精：kidney storing essence。二便：anus and

urethra.

脾：govern transportation and transformation,control blood and dominate

muscles and limbs,脾气散精，上归于肺：the essence distributed by spleen

qi flowing upward into the lung.

肝藏血，主疏泄：liver store blood,govern free flow of qi,control tendons

and open into the eyes.肝主筋：liver governing tendons and ligaments，升降出入：ascenting descending,exiting and entering.肺与大肠相表里：interior-exterior relationship between lung and large intestine.（脾胃spleen-stomach,肝胆liver-gallbladder,肾膀胱kidney-bladder）三焦：tripe

energizer.上焦如雾：upper energizer as sprayer,中焦如：middle energizer

as fermenter,下焦lower energizer.

五行five elements

木曰曲直：wood characterized by bending and straightening

火曰炎上：fire characterized by flaring up

土爰稼穑：earth characterized by sowing and reaping

金曰从革：metal characterized by changing

水曰润下：water characterized by moistening and descending

木侮金：wood counter-restricting metal 木为金之所胜：wood being

restricted by metal木为土之所不胜：wood being un-restricted by earth,水生木：water generating wood，木克/乘土：wood

restricting/over-restricting earth.肝喜条达恶抑郁：liver prefers to act

freely and dislikes depression.

虚则补之：treating deficiency with tonification,实则泻之：treating

excess syndromes with reduction.

阴阳：oppose,depend on,wane and wax between each other,transform.

阴阳互根：mutual rooting of yin and yang,孤阳不生，独阴不长：solitary

yang failing to grow,solitary yin failing to increase.阴阳离决，精气乃绝：if yin and yang separate from each other,essential qi will be exhausted,阴胜则阳病：predominant yin make yang disorder.寒极生热extreme cold

generate heat.重阴必阳：extreme yin turning into yang,相互对立制约：mutual opposition and restriction.整体观念：concept of holism.

功能属阳，物质属阴：function pertains to yang while substance to yin,春生，夏长，长夏主化，秋收，冬藏：sprouting in spring,growing in

summer,alternation in late summer,ripeness in autumn,storage in winter，水液代谢：water metabolism.天人相应---correspondence between man and

nature。

Four great classics:Huangdi neijing:huangdi's canon of

medicine.//shanghan zabing Lun:treatise on cold damage and miscellaneous

diseases.//Nanjing:Classic of difficulties.//shennong bencao

jing:shennong's classic of materia medica.

Physiology（n)---生理学。pathology---病理学。geography---地理学---geographical地理上的，地理学的。etiology---病因学，病原学。symptomatology---症状学。Gynecology---妇科学。pediatrics---儿科学。astronomy天文学。anatomy解剖学。

七情seven conditions of ingredients in prescriptions:single effect

单行，mutual reinforcement相使，mutual assistance相须，mutual restraint相畏，mutual inhibition相杀，mutual antagonism 相恶，mutual suppression相反。

四大医学流派four great medical schools:

The school of cold and cool寒凉派/The school of purgation攻下派

The school of reinforcing the earth补土派:"internal impairment of the

spleen and stomach would bring about various diseases"

The school of nourishing Yin滋阴派："yang is usually excessive while

yin is frequently deficient "

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