admin管理员组

文章数量:1530844

2024年5月12日发(作者:)

常见词缀词根表

常见的前缀

1.表示否定意义的前缀

1> 纯否定前缀

a-, an-, ab-

dis-

in-, ig-, il, im, ir

ne-, n-, non-

neg-

un-

2>表示错误的意义

male-, mal-

asymmetry, anhydrous, abnormal

disinterested, dishonest, dislike, disability

inconsistent, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal,

irregular, illegal

none, neither, never, nonsense, nobody, nowhere

neglect, negate, negligence

unable, unemploy, unqualified

malfunction, maladjustment, maladminister, maladroit,

malaise

mistake, mislead, misapprehend, misarrange, misbehave

pseudonym, pseudoscience, pseudocode

mis-

pseudo-

3>表示反动作的意思

de-defend, demodulation, deconstruction, decontrol

dis-disarm, disconnect, disable, disaccord, disagree

un-unload, uncover, unacknowledged, unbalanced

4>表示相反,相互对立意思

anti-, ant-antiknock, anti-imperialism, antibiosis

contra-, contre-, contro-contradiction, contraceptive , controflow, contraclockwise

countercounter-reaction, counterbalance, counter-revolutionary

ob-, oc-, of-, op-object, oppose, occupy, opposite

with-withdraw, withstand, withhold, without

2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀

a- 表示“在……之上”,“向……”aboard, aside, ahead, abroad

by- 表示“附近,邻近,边侧”bypath, bypass

circum-, circu-, 表示“周围,环circumstance, circuit, circumcircle, circumference,

绕,回转”

circumfluence

de-, 表示“在下,向下”descend, degrade, decline

en-, 表示“在内,进入”encage, enbed

ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部,外”exit, eclipse, expand, export, exotic, exterior, external

extra-, 表示“额外”extraction, extraordinary, extraterrestrial, extravagant

fore- 表示“在前面”forehead, foreground, forerunner, foreshadow,

foresight

in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示“向内,在内,inland, invade, inside, import , include, internal,

背于”

interior, impart

inter-, intel-, 表示“在……间,相international, interaction, internet, interact, interastral

互”

intro-, 表示“向内,在内,内侧”introduce, introspection, intromission

medi-, med-, mid-, 表示“中,中间”Mediterranean, mid-position, mid-ocean, mid-life,

mid-term

out-, 表示“在上面,在外部,在outline, outside, outward, outlook, outward

外” 

over-, 表示“在上面,在外部,向overlook, overhead, overboard

上”

post-, 表示"向后,在后边,次”Postscript

pre-, 表示"在前”在前面”prefix, preface, preposition, pre-requisite

pro-, 表示“在前,向前”progress, proceed

sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement

sur-, sus-, 表示“在下面,下”

super-, sur-, 表示“在…..之上”superficial, surface, superstructure, surcoat

trans-, 表示“移上,转上,在那一translate, transform, transoceanic, transplant

边”

under-, 表示“在…..下面,下的”underline, underground, underwater, underestimate

up-, 表示“向上,向上面,在上”upward, uphold, uphill, upgrade, upbuild

1 / 6

3. 表示时间,序列关系的前缀

ante-, anti-, 表示“先前,早于,预

先”

ex-, 表示“先,故,旧”

mid-, medi-, 表示“中,中间”

post-"表示“在后,后”

pre-, pri-, 表示“在前,事先,预

先”

pro-, 表示“在前,先,前”

re-, 表示“再一次,重新”

4. 表示比较程度差别关系的前缀

by-, 表示“副,次要的”

hyper- 表示“超过,极度”

out-,表示“超过,过分”

over-,表示“超过,过度,太”

sub-, suc-, sur-, 表示“低,次,

副,亚”

super-, sur- 表示“超过”

under-,表示“低劣,低下”

vice- 表示“副,次”

5. 表示共同,相等意思的前缀

com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co- 表示“共

同,一起”

syn-, syl-,sym-,表示“同,共,和,

类”

6. 表示整个完全意思的前缀

al- 表示“完整,完全”

over-表示“完全”

pan-表示“全,总,万”

7. 表示分离,离开意思的前缀

a- ab-, abs-,表示“分离,离开”

de- 表示“离去,处去”

dis-, di-, dif-, 表示“分离,离开”

ex-, e-, 表示“离开,分离”

for- 表示“离开,脱离”

re- 表示“离开”

se- 表示“分离,隔离”

8. 表示通过,遍及意思的前缀

dia-,表示“通过,横过”

per-, pel-, 表示“通,总,遍”

trans-, 表示“横过,贯通”

9. 表示加强意思的前缀

a-

ad-

10. 表示变换词类作用的前缀

be-

en-

ad-, ac-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-

11. 表示数量关系的前缀

1>表示“单一”,“一”

mon-, mon-

uni-, un-

2>表示“二,两,双”

ambi-

bi-, bin-, di-

twi-, twe-

3>表示“十”

antecedent, anticipate

ex-president, ex-husband

midnight, midsummer

postwar, posterior

preheat, prewar, prehistory, predict

prologue, prophet, proactive

retell, rewrite, revise, rehearse, redefine

byproduct, bywork

hypersonic, hypertension, hyperacute

outdo, outbid, outshine

overeat, overdress, oversleep

subeditor, subordinate, subtropical

supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass, superman

undersize, undergrown, underproduction

vice-president, vice-chairman

connect, combine, collect, combat, coexist, cooperate,

collaborate

symmetry, sympathy, synthesis

alone, almost

overall, overflow

panentheism,panorama, Pan-American

away, apart, abstract, abstain

depart, decolour

divorce, disarm, differ

expel, exclude, expatriate, exterior

forget, forgive

release, resolve

separate, seduce, select

diameter, diagram

perfect, perform, pervade

transparent, transmit, transport

arouse, ashamed

adjoin, adhere(

befriend

enslave, enable, enrich, enable

adapt, accord, affix, aggression, arrive, assist, attend,

attract, arrange, assign

monotone,monopoly, monarch, monomorphic

uniform, unicellular, uniaxial, uniform

ambiguous, amphibian

bicycle, diode,

Twilight, twelve, twenty

2 / 6

本文标签: 表示前缀意思