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2024年5月20日发(作者：)
2022-2023
学年上海市行知中学高三上学期期末质量检测英语试卷
1. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of
the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Video Games Foster Creativity?
Video games that foster creative freedom can increase creativity under certain conditions, according
to new research from Iowa State University. The experimental study compared the effect f playing
Mine-craft(
《我的世界》
-
一款游戏
), with or without instruction, to watching a TV show or
playing a race video game. Those 1 (give) the freedom to play Mine-craft without instruction were
most creative.
“It’s not just that Mine-craft can help induce creativity. There seems to be something about choosing
to do it that also matters,” said Douglas Gentile, a professor of psychology.
2 you are not familiar with the game, Gentile says Mine-craft is like a virtual Lego world. The
game, which has sold more than 100 million copies, allows players to explore unique worlds and
create anything they can imagine. Study participants randomly assigned to play Mine-craft were split
into two groups. The one receiving instruction was told to play as creatively as possible.
After 40 minutes of play or watching TV, the 352 participants completed several creativity tasks. 3
(measure) creative production, they were asked to draw a creature from a world much different than
Earth. More human like creature scored low for creativity and those less human-like scored high.
Surprisingly, those instructed to be creative while playing Mine-craft were the 4 (creative).
Gentile says there’s no clear explanation for this finding. In the paper published by Creativity
Research Journal, he, Jorge Blanco-Herrera, lead author and former master’s student in psychology:
and Jeffrey Rokkum, former Ph. D. student in psychology, outlined possible reasons why the
instructed Mine-craft group scored lower. Blanco-Herrera says the instructions may have changed
subjects’ motivation for play.
“ 5 (tell) to be creative may have actually limited their options while playing, resulting in a less
creative experience,” Blanco-Herrera said. “It’s also possible they used all their ‘creative juices’
while playing and had 6 left when it came time to complete the test.”
Video games can have both harmful and beneficial effects. Gentile’s previous research has shown
the amount, content and context and video games 7 (influence) what players learn through repeated
experiences. 8 much of Gentile’s research has focused on aggression or pro-social behavior, he
says the same appears to be true for creativity.
Most video games encourage players to practice some level of creativity. For example, players may
create a character and story for role-playing games or be rewarded for creative strategies in
competitive games. The researchers say even first-person shooter games 9 potentially inspire
creativity as players think about strategy and look for advantages in combat.
“The research is starting to tell a more interesting, nuanced picture. Our results are similar to other
gaming research 10 you get better at what you practice, but how you practice might matter just as
much, ” Gentile said.
2. Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be
used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. spare B. respectable C. exhaust D. accidental E. designed F. critics
G. advocates H. mine I. commercially J. relieving K. theoretically
Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream
of placing enzymes(
酶
)in the automobile to monitor 1 and send data on pollution to a
microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what The New York Times calls
“Metal-hungry microbes(
微生物
)that might be used to 2 valuable trace metals from ocean water.”
They have already demanded and won the right to patent new life forms.
Nervous 3 , including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international, and
inter-scientific competition in the entire biotechnological field. They create images not of oil spills,
but of “microbe spills” that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creation and 4
release of extremely poisonous microbes, however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational
and 5 scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger(
动摇
)the imagination.
Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay, thereby 6 the
food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain? Should we biologically alter
workers to fit the job requirement, for example, creating pilots with faster reaction time or assembly-
line workers 7 to do our monotonous work for us? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-
eliminate “unfit” babies? Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having, as it were,
a “savings bank” full of 8 kidneys, livers or hands?
Wild as these notions may sound, everyone has its 9 (and opposers) in the scientific community as
well as its striking commercial application. As two critics of genetic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and
Ted Howard, state in their book Who Should Play God? “Broad scale genetic engineering will
probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines, automobiles, vaccines,
computers and all the other technologies. As each new genetic advance becomes 10 practical, a
new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created.”
3.
Deliberation is not always the best option
Humans have developed over millions of years of evolution to respond to certain situations without
thinking too hard. If your ancestors _______ movement in the undergrowth, they would run first and
ask questions later. At the same time, the _______ to analyse and to plan is part of what
distinguishes people from other animals.
The question of when to trust your gut(
直觉
)and when to test your _______—whether to think fast
or slow, in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist—_______ in the office as much as it
does in the savannah(
大草原
).
Deliberative thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Strategic changes and budget
discussions are built on rounds of meetings, memos, formulas and presentations. Processes are
increasingly designed to _______ instinctive responses. From blind screening of job applicants to
using “red-teaming” techniques to pick apart a firm’s plans, precision _______ instinct.
Yet instinct also has its place. Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and
inherently(
固有的
)less _______ to analysis. Does a marketing campaign capture the _______ of
your company, say, or would this person work well with other people in a team? In _______
customer-service situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.
Gut instincts can also be ________. Plenty of research has shown that intuition becomes more
unfailing with experience. In one well-known experiment, conducted in 2012, volunteers were asked
to ________ whether a selection of designer handbags were fake or real. Some were instructed to
operate on instinct and others to deliberate over their decision. Intuition worked better for those who
owned at least three designer handbags; indeed, it ________ analysis. The more expert you become,
the better your instincts tend to be.
________, the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. Instinctive decision-
making is often the only way to get through the day. Researchers at Cornell University once
estimated that people make over 200 decisions a day about food alone. The workplace is ________
but a succession of choices, a few big and many small: what to ________, when to intervene, whom
to avoid in the lifts and, now, where to work each day.
1.
A
．
uncovered
2.
A
．
capacity
3.
A
．
consultation
4.
A
．
integrates
5.
A
．
bring out
6.
A
．
equals
7.
A
．
manageable
8.
A
．
attention
9.
A
．
rough
10.
A
．
improved
11.
B
．
spotted
B
．
motive
B
．
anticipation
B
．
matters
B
．
pick out
B
．
comprises
B
．
adaptable
B
．
opportunity
B
．
tough
B
．
copied
C
．
blocked
C
．
reluctance
C
．
assumptions
C
．
works
C
．
make out
C
．
beats
C
．
familiar
C
．
status
C
．
nervous
C
．
transferred
D
．
encountered
D
．
urge
D
．
reaction
D
．
abuses
D
．
stamp out
D
．
boosts
D
．
sensitive
D
．
essence
D
．
neutral
D
．
weakened
A
．
ensure
12.
A
．
undertook
13.
A
．
Likewise
14.
A
．
anything
15.
A
．
cooperate
4. I had always been one of those quiet boys who preferred dreams to the real world. I was, in
addition, absurdly shy, and therefore often mistaken for a fool, which upset me deeply. For nothing
terrified me more than the prospect of correcting a false impression. Though I was often blamed by
mistakes made by my classmates, I never dare to say a word in self-defense. I would simply go
home to hide in a corner and cry. My greatest pleasure was to sit alone, reading, and let my thoughts
drift away in the stories.
My daydreams were in sharp contrast to real life; they were full of adventures and heroic deeds.
They left marks on me. There was, for instance, a book about the history of the Roman Empire, in
which an ambassador, while negotiating a treaty, was told that he was to accept the terms offered, on
pain of death: his response was to plunge his arm into a fire and continue with his deliberations, in
absolute calm. Inspired by his courage, I proceeded to test my own powers of resilience by plunging
my own hand into the fire, only to burn my fingers badly. I can still see that ambassador, smiling
calmly through his pain. Father hated my reading all the time, and sometimes he threw away my
books. Some nights he refused to let me turn on the light in my bedroom. But I could always find a
way, and after he caught me reading by the light of a string-wick lamp, he gave up and left me to it.
There was a time when I tried my hand at writing; indeed, I even made a few little poems, but I
quickly abandoned my efforts. No matter what I had bottled up inside me, I was extremely anxious
about letting it out, and so my adventures in writing ended. I did, however, carry on painting. There
was, I thought, no risk of revealing anything personal. I just took something from the outside world
and brought it to life on paper. Sometimes I did hide some personal expression in it, but I made sure
that it was visible enough to be seen and trivial enough to be ignored. The first time I showed my
painting to my father, he was caught in silence for a while and then he breathed deeply, and said:
“My son finally made something.” Then here I am, as a teacher at the Academy of Fine Arts,
wondering how everything happened, from my daydreams to painting.
1. The sentence “They left marks on me.” (in paragraph 2) means ________.
A
．
daydreams did nothing but hurt the writer badly
B
．
daydreams influenced the writer's behavior in real life
B
．
prioritize C
．
convince D
．
strive
B
．
something C
．
nothing D
．
everything
B
．
However C
．
Consequently D
．
Moreover
B
．
outperformed C
．
facilitated D
．
paralleled
B
．
extinguish C
．
clarify D
．
assess
C
．
the writer had lasting memory of the books he read
D
．
the writer couldn't distinguish books form reality
2. The writer gave up writing because ________.
A
．
it was not as interesting as reading
B
．
he was too shy to reveal his inner world
C
．
he couldn't write good works
D
．
his father didn't like him writing
3. Throughout the passage what can we learn about the writer's father?
A
．
He was impressed with his son's painting
B
．
He didn't like the personality of his son.
C
．
He was touched by his son's persistence in reading.
D
．
He had a high expectation of his son in writing.
4. The passage is mainly about ________.
A
．
the power of reading
C
．
reflection on the start of a career
B
．
the writer's adventurous daydreams
D
．
the efforts made to be painter
5. “Essential oils can have a major impact on your mood and health. When you apply an oil to your
skin, it affects your physical state. When you inhale them, it affects your mental state,” says the
“grande dame” of aromatherapy Jeanne Rose, author of The Aromatherapy Book: Applications and
Inhalations.
A few drops of eucalyptus on your skin will help heal a burn and smelling a pine tree might make
you think of childhood Christmases. There are no rules for how to inhale oils. You can put a few
drops on a tissue, or add some to water to spritz around the room or use in a diffuser(
喷雾器
)or
vaporizer.
Be very careful, however, when applying oils to the skin. Always dilute them in another oil, like
palm, coconut or olive to prevent burns or allergic reactions.
“A rule of thumb is 15 drops per one ounce of cream, oil or lotion,”says Sylla Sheppard-Hanger, the
founder and director of Atlantic institute of Aromatherapy in Tampa, Florida.
HERE’S THE OIL TO REACH FOR WHEN YOU NEED TO:
Digest a big meal: A few drops of diluted peppermint. “It calms down the digestive system,”
Rose says.
Forget it’s freezing outside: “Conifer oils, like pine, black spruce, cedar and Christmas fir, can
help combat seasonal affective disorder when inhaled,” Rose says. Citrus oils like orange or
tangerine, which are reminders of summertime, are also good.
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