This is my sister

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2023年12月25日发(作者：)

This is my sister.

重点单词：

brother['brʌðə]弟弟,哥哥 these[ði:z]这些 those[ðəʊz]那些 mother['mʌðə]母亲

daughter[ˈdɔ:tə(r)]女儿 son [sʌn]儿子 parent['peər(ə)nt]父亲（或母亲）

uncle['ʌŋkl]叔叔， 伯父 aunt[ɑ:nt]阿姨 cousin['kʌzn] 堂兄弟姊妹；表兄弟姊妹

grandfather['græn(d)fa:ðə]祖父 grandparent['græn(d)peər(ə)nt]祖父或祖母；外祖父或外祖母

grandmother['græn(d)mʌðə]祖母

重点句子：

Is this your sister? Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t.

Is that your brother? Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t.

This is my friend.（变为复数形式）→These are my friends.

That is my friend.（变为复数形式）→Those are my friends.

1.人称代词：英语中有一类代替具体人名的词叫人称代词。它有一、二、三人称与单数、复数及性别之分，这节课我们先了解人称代词中的主格。

列表如下：

人称代词

I

的主格 我

we

我们

you he she

她

it

它

they

他们

作主语

你、你们 他

例句：

I am John.

You are a boy.

You are students.

He is my friend.

She is your brother.

It is a Chinese car.

They are English teachers.

2.人称代词与be动词的搭配

人称

第一人称

第二人称you

第三

人称

he

she

it

they

I（单）

we（复）

完全形式 缩写形式 汉语意思

I am = I’m

we are = we’re

you are = you’re

he is = he’s

she is = she’s

it is= it’s

they are = they’re

我是

我们是

你（你们）是

他是

她是

它是

他/她/它们是

3.含be动词的肯定句变为否定句：在be后面直接加not，其余的按顺序照抄。

I am a boy. →I am not a boy.

注意简写形式：

I am not

He/She/It is not

We/You/They are not

(am not不能简写)

He/She/It isn’t

We/You/They aren’t

I’m not

He/She/It’s not

We/You/They’re not

4.形容词性物主代词起形容词作用，在句中只能作定语，也就是说它后面必须跟一个名词。

如: my name; your book; his phone number; her father; its name; their brother

形容词性物主代词表：

形容词性代词

my

中文意思 我的

your

你的

his her its our your their

他/她/它们的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的

物主代词有人称、数和性的变化，即第一、二、三人称；单数和复数；他、她、它。

例句：

It is my bike.

She is your English teacher.

I don’t know his name.

Her name is Gina.

His book is old.

Its name is Mimi.

Mary is our teacher.

He is their father.

5. it’s与its的区别

it’s与its是两个极易出错的词。it’s＝it is，是it is的缩写，其中it是人称代词；

its的意思是“它的”，物主代词。如：

－What’s that? 那是什么？

－It’s a mouse. Its name is Mickey. 它是一只老鼠，它的名字叫米奇。

6. 介绍人

在上节课中，我们学习了指示代词this / that用来指代物品，放在一起的两样东西，先说this，后说that。如：This is a pen. That is a pencil.

在本单元中，我们学习指示代词this / that用来指代人。当向别人介绍某人时，常用句型。

（1）This is „ That is „用于介绍单个的人。

This is my mother. That’s my brother.

注意：this is 不能缩写。

（2）These are „ Those are „ 用于介绍两个或两个以上的人。如：

These are my parents. Those are my three teachers.

7. 指示代词 是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。 指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / those）两种形式

these, those的用法：

these这些，是this的复数，是指时间和空间离说话人较近的人或物；

those（那些，是that的复数，指时间或空间上离说话人较远的人或物，通常构成以下句型：

These / Those are my / his / her bags. 这些/那些是我的/他的/她的书包。

What are these / those? 这些/那些是什么？

They are books（They’re books）. 是书。

Are these / those maps? 这/那些是地图吗？Yes, they are. 是的。No, they aren’t. 不是的。

8.疑问句：表达疑问的句子称为疑问句。疑问句分为两种，特殊疑问句和一般疑问句。

（1）我们学过的疑问词有what, where, how, how old。句首出现疑问词what, where, how, how

old等的问句属于特殊疑问句。这种问句可以直接作答。例如：

What is this? It is a cake.

Where are you from? I am from America.

How are you? I’m fine.

How old are you? I am twelve.

（2）我们学过以be（am / is / are）开头的问句，这种问句属于一般疑问句，其回答用Yes表示肯定，No表示否定。例如：

Is this a bike? Yes, it is.

Are you English? No, I’m not.

9.单数句子变复数句子

（1）把各人称主语的单数变为复数：

①第一人称代词I的复数是we, 如：I am a student. → We are students.

②第二人称代词you的单复数同形，照抄不变，如：You are a doctor.→You are doctors.

③第三人称代词he, she, it的复数是they, 如：

He is my brother. →They are my brothers.

She is beautiful.→They are beautiful.

It is her pen.→They are her pen.

④ 指示代词的单数变为复数：this→these, that→those,如：

This is my eraser.→These are my erasers.

That is his book.→Those are his books.

⑤ 不定冠词a, an直接去掉。如：

It is a banana.→They are bananas.

He is a boy.→They are boys.

⑥形容词性物主代词可变可不变，为了方便，我们一般不变。

my→our, your→your, his/ her/ its→their.

⑦be动词am, is变为are。如：

I am a student.→We are students.

He is a teacher.→They are teachers.

⑧可数名词单数变为复数形式

It is a cat. →They are cats.

单数句变复数句的口诀。

单数句子变复数，变化规则要记住。 名词代词要变化，am, is 要变are。

this, that 该咋办，these, those 替代它。 he, she, it 要变啥，全部变 they 就行了。

I要变 we 别落下，名词后面把 s/es加。 名前冠词去掉它，其余成分原样加。

练一练

一、把下列单词变为复数形式。

mother---______ father---______ brother---______sister---______ friend---______ it--- ____

grandfather---________grandmother---_________ this---________ that---________ is---________

二、用适当的人称代词填空。（前后两句人称与数保持一致）

（1）My name is Amy. ____ am Amy. （2）Her name is Alice. ______ is Alice.

（3）His name is Tim. ____ is Tim. （4）Your name is Li Peng. _____ are Li Peng.

（5）Its name is Mimi . _____ is Mimi. （6）________ （this） are my cousins.

（7） Is he _____ （you） brother? （8）Our names are Amy and Gina. ___ are Amy and Gina.

（9）Their names are Tim and Alice. _____ are Tim and Alice.

（10）Your names are Li Peng and Li Lei.______ are Li Peng and Li Lei.

三、单复数句子互相转化

单数句子转为复数句子：

1. This is a girl. 2. That is her eraser.

3. I am beautiful. 4. He is my brother.

5. It isn’t a car. 6. You are my mother.

7. This is my orange. 8. He isn’t teacher.

isn’t a worker. is a pen.

复数句子转化为单数句子：

are my friends. aren't my brothers.

are pictures. 4. We are his sisters.

5. Are these your sons? 6. These are pencil cases.

7. Are they your parents? 8. We are students.

9. They are cats. 10. They are girls.

四、句型转换。

1. This is my friend. (改为一般疑问句)______________________________

2. It is his pen. (改为一般疑问句）_____________________________

3. That is her aunt. (改为一般疑问句) _____________________________

4. Those are my CD.（对画线部分提问）______ _______ ______?

5. That is my English book.(改为否定句) _____________________________

6. These are his brothers.(改为一般疑问句) _____________________________

7. His father and mother are workers.（改为同义句）His _________ are workers.

练习

一、按要求写出单词。

1. he（形容词性物主代词）_______ 2. her（主格）_______ 3. what’s（完全形式）______

4. we（形容词性物主代词）______ 5. this（反义词）_______ 6. this（复数）_______

7. they（形容词性物主代词）_____ 8. parent（复数）______ 9. are not（缩写）______

10. she’s（完全形式）______ 11. that（复数）_______ 12. is not（缩写）______

二、单项选择。

（ ）1. －Are Jack and Mary your friends? －________.

A. Yes, they are B. They are C. No, they not D. They aren’t

（ ）2. －What _______ these in English? －_____ pictures.

A. is, It’s B. is, Its C. are, They’re D. are, These are

（ ）3. His parents ________ English teachers.

A. is B. are C. am D./

（ ）4.－What are those? －_____.

A. They are my books B. They is my books C. Those are my book D. It is my book

（ ）5. This ______Zhao Lin, Miss Brown.

A. is B. are C. am D. your

（ ）6. This is _______apple. Those are__________.

A. a, banana B. an, bananas C. an, banana D. a ,bananas

（ ）7. Is she your ___? Yes, she is.

A. brother B. sister C. brothers D. sisters

（ ）8. That ___his brother.

A. am B. is C. are D. it

（ ）9. Is Mary your friend? Yes, ___is.

A. his B. her C. she D. he

（ ）10. This is ____sister.

A. I B. me C. my D. he

（ ）11. ____ she your sister?

A. Are B. Is C. Am D. Do

（ ）12. ____ are his two sisters.

A. She B. He C. This D. These

（ ）13. —Is he your father? —____.

A. No, he is B Yes, he's C. No, he not D. Yes, he is

（ ）14. —What's this____ English?—It's____ apple.

A. in, an B. at, an C. in, a D. on, the

（ ）15. That's her aunt, _______name is Mary.

A .his B. her C. him D. she

三、在（II）栏中找出（I）栏的答案。

（I） （II）

（ ）1. Is he a student? A. Yes, she is.

（ ）2. Where is she from? B. It’s 8455971.

（ ）3. Is she your friend? C. Sorry, I don’t know.

（ ）4. What’s her name? D. No, he isn’t.

（ ）5. Are you in Grade Two? E. It’s black.

（ ）6. How do you spell it? F. My name is Kate.

（ ）7. What’s your name? G. She is From Beijing.

（ ）8. Are these your parents? H. Her name is Kitty.

（ ）9. What color is it? I. No, I’m not.

（ ）10. What’s his phone number? J. Yes, they are.

四、用括号内所给代词的适当形式填空。

1. Look, this is _________(I) mother. 2. My friends _____(be) students.

3. His father _____(be) a teacher. 4. These are his ________(parent).

5. ______ is Mimi. _______ English name is Tony.（it）

6. ______ are in Class 3. ______ English teacher is Mr Green.（they）

7. ______is a Japanese boy. ______ name is Bill.（he）

8. This is Lucy. _______ is a girl. That is ______map.（her）

9. ______ are a new student. ________ books are over there.（you）

五、从下列各组句子中选出表达正确的一个句子。

（ ）1.

A. This are my sister. B. This is my sisters.

C. This is my sister. D. These is my sister.

（ ）2.

A. This isn’t me cousin. B. This is me cousin.

C. This aren’t my cousin. D. This isn’t my cousin.

（ ）3.

A. They is my brothers. B. They are my brother.

C. They are my brothers. D. These is my brothers.

（ ）4.

A. These is my mother. B. This is my mother.

C. This is me mother. D. This are my mother.

（ ）5.

A. Are this your grandmother? B. Is these your grandmother?

C. Is these your grandfather? D. Is this your grandfather?

六、按要求进行句型转换。

1. This is my friend.（变为复数句）________________________

2. Is that your baseball?（变为复数句）________________________

3. These computer are old.（变为单数句）________________________

4. It’s my bag.（变为复数句）________________________

5. Are these books?（作否定回答）________________________

七、补全对话，每空一词。

A: ___1__her name?

B: Her name is Kitty.

A: How do you ___2__ it?

B: K-I-T-T-Y, Kitty.

A: ___3__ these her friends?

B: No, ___4__ aren’t.

A: Are they your __5___?

B: Yes, they are my cousins.

八、书面表达：写一段文字，介绍你家的一名成员。

国际音标之辅音

辅音可以分为清辅音和浊辅音。

清辅音和浊辅音的定义。

清辅音：发音时声带不振动的辅音。

浊辅音：发音时声带振动的辅音。

[p]：双唇紧闭,然后快速张开, 使气流冲出口腔。[p]是清辅音发音时声带不震动。

cup pen

[b]：和[p]的发音相似，但[b]是浊辅音，发音时声带震动。

big bag

[t]：舌尖抵上齿龈, 憋住气，然后弹开舌尖，让气流从口腔冲出。[t]是清辅音，发音时声带不震动。 teacher it

[d]：和[t]的发音相似，但[d]是浊辅音，发音时声带震动。

dog duck

[k]:舌后部抵住软腭、憋住气，然后突然离开，将气送出来。[k]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。 car[ka:] cake[keik]蛋糕

[g]:和[k]发音相似，但[g]是浊辅音，发音时声带震动。

egg[eg] bag[bæg]

[s]:双唇微微张开、舌端靠近上齿龈、舌头自然放松、气流从齿间送出。[s]是清辅音，发音时声带不震动。 nice[nais] class[kla:s]班级

[z]:口形和[s]相似，但[z]是浊辅音，发音时声带震动。

zero['zɪərəʊ] zoo [zu:]动物园

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