地球脉动第二季第二集字幕文字版PlanetEarthIIE02

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2023年12月29日发(作者：)

地球脉动第二季第二集字幕文字版PlanetEarthIIE02

There are only a dozen peaks in the world that rise five miles

high.

世界上超过八千米的山峰屈指可数

All of them are here, in the Himalayas.

它们全部位于喜马拉雅地区

Lethally cold, scoured by gales and blizzards,

在极端低温与暴风雪的洗礼下

these mountains are among the most hostile places on Earth.

这些山脉成为地球上生存条件最苛刻的地区

Yet, a few special animals manage to live here.

然而仍有动物能够生活在这里

Snow leopards.

雪豹

Like all creatures of the high mountains,

与所有高山生物相同

they have had to adapt both their body and their behaviour

为了生存他们必须从体型和行为上

in order to survive.

充分适应环境

Life at extreme altitude

极高海拔之上的生存

has shaped some of the toughest animals on the planet.

塑造出了这个星球上最顽强的动物

The sunbaked mountains of the Arabian Peninsula.

阿拉伯半岛上的山地被阳光炙烤得发烫

They may only be a fraction of the height of the Himalayas,

它们的海拔也许只是喜马拉雅山脉的零头

but they are still so dizzyingly steep

但却异常险峻

that in many places it's almost impossible to get a foothold.

很多地方几乎无法立足

Yet Nubian ibex have made this their home.

而努比亚羱羊还是栖息于此

The ibex choose the steepest cliffs to raise their young,

羱羊选择在最陡峭的绝壁上养育幼仔

in safety, beyond the reach of predators.

环境安全没有天敌

But living in this sanctuary comes with a cost.

在生活在这里也要付出代价

These nursery slopes are so steep,

山崖过于陡峭

there is almost no standing water up here.

几乎没有任何积水

So to drink, an ibex family must descend into

1,000 feet below. 为了饮水羱羊必须下到

三百米下的峡谷之中...

The mothers pick out the safest way down.

母羊选出一条最安全的下山路径

With soft cloven hooves that grip better than any climbing

shoe, 四只柔软的分趾蹄胜过最好用的登山鞋

they are the most accomplished mountaineers.

让他们成为最高超的登山者

But the newborn kids are still having to find their feet.

但新生的雏羊还在蹒跚学步

This is their first descent.

这是他们第一次下山

One mistake could make it their last.

一次失蹄就可能一命呜呼

Following the adults, the kids finally reach the valley.

跟着成年羱羊小羊们终于到达山谷

But once on level ground, they're vulnerable.

但回到平地上他们就很容易遭到攻击

Red foxes lie in wait.

赤狐埋伏许久了

At the first sign of danger,

一有危险迹象

the young ibex instinctively run back to steeper ground.

羱羊幼仔便本能地奔回陡坡

But heading for this particular rocky outcrop could be a

mistake. 但爬上这块突出的岩石可能是个错误

It's a 30-foot drop.

这有九米高

The fox has

赤狐把它们困住了

or so it seems.

或者看起来是这样

This is what ibex were born to do.

这正是羱羊与生俱来的本领

Scattering makes it hard for the fox to pick a target.

四散而逃的羊群让赤狐难以选择目标

And it certainly can't follow them up here.

显然它也无法追上峭壁

All it can do is wait for one to slip and fall.

只能等待某只羱羊失蹄跌落

But these youngsters are fast learners,

但这些小羊学得很快

and they're now almost as sure-footed as their parents.

现在几乎可以和双亲一样如履平地了

The fox will have to find its meal elsewhere.

赤狐只能去别处觅食

It's just not been a good day.

今天还真不是个好日子

Now, at last, the young ibex can drink.

小羱羊终于喝上水了

But they'll soon need to

但很快他们又得

return to the safety of the sheer cliffs.

回到峭壁上的安全区域

Mastering precipitous terrain is always challenging,

在峭壁上行走固然很难

but there are more fundamental problems

但对于高山动物而言

for life in the mountains.

还有更根本的难题

The Alps. Europe's highest peaks.

阿尔卑斯山脉欧洲最高的山峰

It's winter, and food is desperately short.

时至冬季食物极度匮乏

A golden eagle has to spend every daylight hour

金雕不得不花费整个白天

scanning the slopes for something, somewhere, to eat.

俯视山坡寻找食物

Her seven-foot wingspan allows her to glide effortlessly 长达两米的翼展让她

for 100 miles in a single day.

一天可以轻松滑翔160公里

Her extraordinary eyes

非凡的视力

enable her to spot prey from two miles away.

让她可以看到三公里外的猎物

But she is not the only one who's looking for food.

但她并非这里唯一的觅食者

When she spots a chance, she must move fast.

一旦发现良机必须快速行动

She can dive at 200 miles an hour.

她能以320公里的时速俯冲而下

Only a peregrine is faster.

只有游隼能飞得更快

During winter, even eagles rely almost entirely on carrion. 在冬季即使鹰类也几乎完全仰赖腐尸度日

It's a dead fox,

这是一只死去的狐狸

and it could sustain her for days.

这顿美餐能让她支撑数日

Other scavengers must defer.

其它食腐者只能等着了

The hungry crows soon regain their courage.

饥饿的乌鸦很快重新鼓起勇气

They'll try any trick to steal a morsel.

他们想尽办法试图分一杯羹

And they are annoyingly persistent.

顽固地令人厌烦

But this mob are the least of her worries.

但这群乌鸦是她最不需要担心的

A bigger eagle takes control.

一只更大的金雕抢走了食物

But this kill is too important to give up.

但这顿美餐太过重要不能轻易放弃

So she must fight.

必须奋起一搏

For the moment, she's won the carcass back.

她暂时抢回了尸体

But a kill like this will attract every eagle for miles around. 但这样的猎物会引来方圆数公里内所有的鹰

As ever, the strongest wins the lion's share.

最终依然是最强者赢得大部分食物

Unable to defend the carcass any longer,

抢不到那具尸体

the first eagle must now continue its search.

第一只雕只能继续它的觅食之旅

It may be many days before she feeds again.

也许下一次饱餐就是数日之后的事情了

Only the most competitive

只有最具竞争力的生物

will survive the perils of the mountain winter.

才能在山脉的寒冬中存活下来

An avalanche.

一场雪崩

tonnes of snow

十万吨积雪100,000

travelling at 80 miles an hour,

以130公里的时速席卷而下

capable of smashing everything in its path.

足以粉碎沿途的一切

The mountains of North America

北美洲的山脉

are hit by thousands of avalanches every year.

每年要发生数千起雪崩

Yet one animal spends the whole winter slumbering

然而有一种动物整个冬季

within the snow on these avalanche-prone slopes.

都在这些极易发生雪崩的山坡上冬眠

And when spring comes, they emerge.

待春天来临它们就出洞了

All across these mountains,

在这些山脉中

grizzly bears make their winter dens

灰熊将巢筑在背风坡厚厚的积雪之下

feet up in the deep snow of leeward slopes.

海拔高达三千米10,000

And while they were half-asleep in the depths of winter,

他们在隆冬半梦半醒之际

their young were born.

产下幼崽

Now these cubs are taking their first steps

现在这些熊宝宝正迈出他们

into the outside world.

走向外界的第一步

This mother is leading her three youngsters

熊妈妈带着三只幼崽

to a place where they can find food.

去找东西吃

They need to descend as quickly as possible.

他们得尽快下山

The debris from an avalanche is clear evidence

雪崩肆虐后的残骸清楚地表明

that this slope is still dangerously unstable.

这片山坡仍然非常不稳定

This is not a place to dawdle.

此地不宜久留

And they have another reason to keep moving.

他们继续前行还有另一个原因

After five months in the den,

在巢里呆了五个月后

these bears are very hungry.

这些灰熊饿得正慌

Bears that have hibernated throughout these peaks

这片山峰之间冬眠的灰熊

now all descend to the valleys, where spring comes earliest.

现在都下山了那里的春天来得更早

In the Rockies, seasonal change is swift and dramatic.

落基山脉的季节变换迅速而突然

In just a few days,

几天时间内

the slopes turn from white to green.

白雪皑皑的山脉便会绿意盎然

Meadows that only a few weeks ago were buried beneath

the snow 几周前还深埋在冰天雪地里的牧场

are now full of life.

现在生机勃勃

But in these mountains, the good times will not last long.

但山峦之间好时光不会太久

So the bears must feed as fast as they can.

所以灰熊必须尽快进食

During the summer months,

夏季的几个月里

an adult can put on 180 kilos gorging on plants

一只成年灰熊靠吃植物能长180公斤

and, if they can

要是能再...

a marmot or two.

逮几只土拨鼠就更好了

But just now, the bears have something else on their minds.

但现在灰熊们还有其他事情要做

It's becoming warmer,

天气转暖

and the bears are keen to shed their thick winter coats.

灰熊急切地想脱下它们厚重的冬衣

Mothers show the cubs what to do about this.

母熊给小熊们做了示范

They'll soon catch on.

他们很快就学会了

Some trees, it seems, are particularly suitable for rubbing.

有一些树似乎特别适合搓背

Bears have their favourites

熊们都有自己的偏好

and will travel long distances to visit them.

他们会长途跋涉去找喜欢的树

Some itches just have to be scratched.

身上有些痒急需挠一挠

There are now around 30 bears in this one valley.

这个山谷中大约有三十只熊

As they rub, each leaves an individual and recognisable scent.

每只熊摩擦时都会留下易于辨认的独特气味

So the tree soon carries a list of who's around,

所以树上很快会留有附近灰熊的气味

which might help individuals to avoid a fight.

或许可以避免个体之间的争斗

To best spread their scent,

为了更好地散布自己的气味

they really have to put their back into it.

他们得用后背好好地蹭一蹭

But summer is short.

但是夏天很短暂

Itches satisfactorily scratched,

痒痒挠满意之后

it's time to eat.

是时候该进食了

In a couple of months,

几个月后

they will have to return to their dens to hibernate,

他们就要回自己的窝里冬眠

so now they must put on as much weight as they can.

所以现在必须尽可能地增重

Winter in the mountains returns fast and hits hard.

山里的冬天来得迅猛

Temperatures in the Rockies will drop to -54 degrees,

落基山脉地区的温度会降至零下54度

so cold that moisture in the air

以至于空气中的水分

freezes into tiny crystals called diamond dust.

会直接凝结成冰晶俗称钻石尘

This bobcat is one of the few hunters to remain active in

winter. 山猫是少数冬天还在活动的捕猎者

Most of his prey is now hidden beneath the snow

他领地内的大多数猎物都

that covers his entire territory.

隐藏在茫茫大雪之下

He hunts by listening for the faintest sound of movement.

他通过辨认极其微弱的声音来捕捉猎物

And to prevent crunching footsteps from revealing his

presence, 为了避免踩雪的脚步声暴露行踪

he uses boulders as stepping stones.

他用岩石当落脚点

A mouse.

逮住一只老鼠

But one is not enough.

但这远远不够

The deeper the snow, the harder it is to detect prey,

积雪越深越难发现猎物

and the rewards for the effort can be disappointing. 努力捕食却往往空手而归

To say the least.

这么说毫不夸张

By midwinter, the snow is so deep

深冬时节积雪实在太深

that bobcats are forced to leave their territories

山猫被迫离开他们的领地

to try and find easier hunting.

寻找更易于捕捉的猎物

And this bobcat may be in luck.

但这只山猫运气不错

For this particular valley is blessed.

因为这个山谷得自然之眷顾

A river here never freezes.

这条河永不结冰

It's fed by a volcanic hot spring

火山温泉带来的热量

that heats these waters

使河水升温

to 50 degrees warmer than the surrounding air.

比周围空气的温度高了五十余度

Hungry animals of all kinds come here to feed.

各种饥肠辘辘的动物来此觅食

Throughout the winter,

到了冬天

the river is full of food

对于那些老道的捕猎者而言

for those who know how to catch it.

河里满是食物

Here, even the coyotes have become fishermen. 在这里连土狼都学会了捕鱼

But hunting is hard for a cat

但是捕鱼对山猫来说很难

that's not used to getting its feet wet.

因为他们讨厌下水

So he must choose his target with care.

所以他必须谨慎选择目标

Goldeneye ducks.

白颊鸭来了

But can he get close enough to pounce?

但他能够靠近到扑得着吗

Perhaps he'll have more luck on the other side.

也许对岸的机会更大点

Here, steam from the river warms the surrounding trees, 河里的热气温暖了周围的树林

so up in the branches, there could be prey.

所以林子里可能有猎物

If only he could get to it.

前提是他能爬得上去

It's 20 feet up.

这有六米高

a squirrel.

最终收获一只松鼠

Not much, but enough to keep him going.

不是很多但是足以支撑他继续捕食

To survive a winter in these mountains takes tenacity, 想要渡过山里的冬天需要坚韧不拔的意志

and bobcats have that in abundance.

而山猫是其中的佼佼者

Snow on the equator.

这是一座赤道雪山

Unlike the Rockies, in these mountains

与落基山脉不同这里的山脉

there are no marked seasons.

没有明显的四季

This is Africa's Mount Kenya.

这是非洲的肯尼亚山

It's 17,000 feet high,

海拔超过五千米

which makes its summit some 30 degrees colder

峰顶温度比周围的热带草原

than the surrounding savanna.

低三十度左右

Giant heathers, lobelias and groundsel

巨型石南半边莲和千里光

grow on its upper slopes.

生长在山顶斜坡上

They all thrive in the tropical sun.

它们在炎炎烈日下茁壮成长

After all, every day is summer.

毕竟赤道每天都是夏天

But once the sun sets,

但一旦太阳下山

every night becomes as bitterly cold as winter.

每个夜晚都像冬天般寒冷

The temperature drops to five degrees below freezing,

气温降到零下五度

turning the mountainside into a garden of ice.

山坡变成了冰雪花园

Everything freezes,

一切都冻结了

but the cabbage groundsels have a way of protecting

themselves. 但是木本千里光有办法保护自己

They close up their leathery leaves to form an insulating

blanket 它们合起革质叶片形成一道保温层

that shields their vulnerable central bud.

以保护中心脆弱的蓓蕾

Night comes to

寒夜将尽

and the sunshine returns.

阳光回归大地...

The groundsels spread their leaves wide

木本千里光舒展它们的叶子

to bask in the sunshine once again.

再一次沐浴在阳光之中

Dawn in the High Andes.

安第斯山脉的黎明来到

Here too, the rising sun brings rapid relief

在这里升起的朝阳同样解放了

to animals living amongst these volcanic peaks.

生活在火山山峰之间的动物

Mountain viscacha are up early

山兔鼠早早起来

to claim the best places to catch the sun's first rays.

抢占最佳位置享受第一缕阳光

For others up here, the sunrise is even more welcome.

对于其他的动物太阳更加受到欢迎

At over 14,000 feet,

这里的海拔超过四千米

this is the highest flamingo colony in the world.

是世界上海拔最高的火烈鸟栖息地

At night, it gets so cold

这里的夜晚非常寒冷

that even this salty water freezes over.

连盐水湖都会结冰

And now the flamingos are trapped in the ice.

这些火烈鸟就被冻在了冰里

Eventually, the sun thins the ice,

终于太阳晒薄了冰面

but it's still a struggle for the flamingos to break free.

本文标签： 山脉猎物食物动物