高三英语高考必背短语

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2024年4月27日发(作者：)

高考必备短语

concentrate 的常用短语：

concentrate on 专心…

concentrate one’s mind on 专心于…

类似的短语：

fix one’s mind upon

focus on

put one’s heart into

focus one’s mind on

look 的常用短语：

look up … in查找

look sb. up and down 上下打量

look back to/ upon回顾

look upon…as把… 看作

look forward to期待

look through浏览; 看穿

take a new look呈现新面貌

fear的常用短语：

in fear害怕地

(be) in fear of 害怕

for fear of/ that担心；生怕

surprise常用短语：

in surprise惊讶地

to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是

be surprise at/to do/that

对某事感到惊讶

表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语

1．表示动作的有：

pull on

put on

dress

dress sb

2. 表示状态的有：

wear

be in

be dressed in

have … on

常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词

like

care for

be keen on

be fond of

take delight in…

trouble的常用短语：

have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing

在…有/没有困难

take great trouble to do

不辞辛劳做某事

put sb to the trouble of doing …

为难某人做某事

make trouble捣乱

be in (great) trouble

惹麻烦；处在困境中

help sb. out of trouble

帮某人摆脱困境

end的常用短语：

come to an end……结束

put an end to 结束……

on end竖起, 连续

in the end终于; 最后

end up (by) doing…以……结束

make both ends meet收支相抵

表示“导致”、“由…引起”的短语：

1. 导致

cause sth. (to do)

result in

lead to

2. 由……引起

be caused by

result from

grow out of

lie in

表“全力以赴”的短语：

do / try one’s best

spare no efforts to do

take great pains to do

go all out to do

do what somebody can (do) to do

do all somebody can (do) to do

direction常用短语：

in (the ) direction of….朝……方向

under the direction of ...在……的指导下

follow the directions照说明去做

far常用短语：

far from (being)离……要求相差很远

far from +(a place)距离某地很远

far away遥远

so far 到目前为止; 那么远

as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知

by far

(最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用

distance常用短语：

in the distance在远处

from/ at a distance从远处

keep sb. at a distance

于某人保持一定距离

It is no distance at all.不远

use常用短语：

used to do过去曾经、常做

be used to doing …习惯于……

be used to do被用来做……

make good/ full use of充分利用……

come into use开始使用……

it is no use doing …干……没有用

“出了什么事”的几种不同表达

What’s wrong with….?

What’s the matter with…?

What’s the trouble with…?

What happened (to sb.) ?

“众所周知”常用表达法：

It is known to all that…主语从句，that不

能省

As is known to all,定语从句，置于句首

We all know (that)后接宾语从句

Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从句

, which is known to all.非限定从句，置于

句末

表“同意某人意见”的常用短语：

agree with sb. /what sb. said

agree to sth.

approve (of) sth.

in favour of sth.

be agreeable to sth.

be for sth.

“不同意”

disagree with sb./ what sb. said

object to sth.

disapprove (of) sth.

be against sth.

sign的常用短语：

sign one’s name签名

sign to sb (not) to do sth.

示意某人(不)做某事

signs of …

……的迹象

would rather 与 prefer 的区别

1．宁愿做……而不做……

would rather do A than do B

prefer A to B

prefer to do A rather than do B

2. would rather 主语 + 过去式，表示“宁

愿”

eg. I would rather you came tomorrow

than today.

should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer

主语 + 过去式，表示“比较喜欢……”

eg. I should prefer you not to go there

alone.

OR: I should prefer that you did not go

there alone.

trap常用短语

be caught in a trap落入圈套

be led into a trap中圈套

set a trap to do sth.设圈套……

be trapped in sth.被…..所围困

grow常用短语

in the grow of在….成长中

grow up长大; 成长

grow rich on靠….. 变富

grow into长成……

grow out of由…..引起/滋生出

make常用短语

be made up of =consist of 由……组成

make up for弥补

be made from/ of由……造成

make up编造;组成;化妆

be made into制成……

make fun of取笑; 嘲弄

make a living 谋生

supply, provide, offer 的区别：

1．表示“向某人提供某物”

supply / provide sb. with sth.

supply / provide sth. for sb.

supply sth. to sb.

offer sb. sth.

2. 表示“主动提出做某事”

offer to do sth.

3. 表示“倘使”、“假如”

provided / providing that

= on condition that

=only if

4. 表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need.

supply的常用短语

in short supply 缺乏，不足

medical/military supply医疗/军用品

supplies of…许多

lack的常用短语

be lacking in sth. 在……不足

make up for the lack of

弥补……的不足

for/by/from/through lack of…

由于…不足,缺乏

have no lack of不缺

damage的常用短语

do damage/harm to 对……有害

cause damage to 对……造成损害

ask for damage要求赔偿

die of 与die from 的区别

die of 表示“死于……病”或冻死、气死，

或死于过度悲伤。

die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/cold

die from表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度。

如：

die from polluted air/overwork/sword

thrust

die常用短语

die for one’s country为国捐躯

die down熄灭、平息

die off绝种、枯死

die away消逝、静下来

die a heroic death英勇牺牲

threaten常用短语

threaten sb. with sth.用……威胁某人

threaten to do…威胁做……

under the threat of…在……的威胁下

speed常用短语

speed up加速

at the speed of…以…..的速度

with great speed迅速

aim常用短语

take aim at瞄准

reach an aim达到目的

aim at瞄准、针对

permit与allow 的区别

表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”

用法基本相同。

permit/allow doing sth.

permit/allow sb. to do sth.

permit /allow of sth

一般在独立主格结构中表示“时间、条

件等许可”，多用permit

Time/Weather permitting, I’ll drop in on

her.

allow 还可以表示“承认”、“考虑到”。

例如：

1. We allow him to be wronged.

2. will take an hour to go there, allowing

for traffic delays.

means常用短语

by means of通过….., 靠……

by this means/ in this way用这种方法

by no means/in no case决不

by all means用一切办法

keep常用短语

keep up with紧跟…..

keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做

keep sb. from doing sth.阻止…..做……

keep off the grass勿踏草地

keep to the point紧扣主题

keep in touch with与……保持联系

mark常用短语

make one’s mark成功、出名

be marked with标明

gain/get full marks for ……得满分

seat常用短语

take one’s seat坐下

have a seat请坐

see/find sb. seated看见/发现某人坐在….

be seated就座, 坐着

seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在……

部分 动词+ to + doing 的用法

look forward to

get down to

object to

devote… to…

pay attention to

prefer…to…

give常用短语

give up放弃

give in让步屈服

give off 散发出

give away赠送、泄漏

give rise to 引起……

give out 疲劳、用完、散发出

fit常用短语

be fit for适合

keep fit/keep healthy保持健康

be fit to do 适合于…..

fit in with适应……

a nice fit合身的衣服

…fit sb.某人穿….. 合身

reach 常用短语

reach an agreement达成协议

reach for…伸手去拿/够……

within / out of reach够得到/够不着

reach sb’s understanding 使某人明白

feed常用短语

feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth. 用……喂

养……

be fed up of…/ be tired of…/ be bored

with…

对……感到厌倦

feed on以……为食

mercy常用短语

without mercy残忍地

have mercy on /upon 对……表示怜悯

at the mercy of任凭摆布

beg for mercy 乞求饶恕

exist常用短语

exist in/lie in/consist in存在于……

in existence 现存的

come into existence/ come into being 形

成

opinion常用短语

in one’s opinion =in the opinion of sb.在

某人看来

have a high/ low opinion of

对……评价高/低

give one’s opinion on

对……谈自己的看法

persuade常用短语

persuade sb. to do =

persuade sb. into doing

说服某人做某事

try to persuade sb. to do

试图说服某人做某事

persuade sb. to sth.

说服某人同意某事

engage 常用短语

be engaged to sb.

与某人订婚

be engaged in sth. =

be engaged doing sth.

忙于……, 从事某事

wide 与broad 的区别

它们均可以表“宽”和“广阔的”

a river 50 feet wide/ broad

指身体部位“宽肩、宽背”一般用broad,

表示

“睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴”一般用wide。

broad shoulders/ back

with wide eyes

open one’s mouth wide

wide 还可以作副词，表示“完全、大大

地”

be wide awake

be wide open

sure常用短语

be sure of/about

对……由把握

be sure to do sth.

肯定会……

make sure + that-clause

务必……,一定要……

make sure of…

弄清楚……

experience 常用短语

have experience in…

在……有经验

be experienced in…

在……有经验

pain 常用短语

take great pains to do

努力做某事

spare no pains to do

全力以赴做某事

stick 常用短语

stick to sth.

坚持……

stick …on…

粘贴……

be stuck in …

陷进……

stick no bills

请勿张贴

spare 常用短语

spare money/time for

set about 着手，开始

come about 发生

h ear about 听说

worry about 为……担心

slow down 慢下来

leave off 中断

pass down 传下来 show off 炫耀

put down 记下，写下，镇压

get off 下车

calm down 平静下来 take off 脱下，起飞

省出钱…，腾出时间

in one’s spare time

在某人业余时间

spare no efforts to do

不遗余力去做

don’t spare the opinions

不要保留意见

put down的不同含义

put down (one’s knife and fork) 放

下……

pit down the rebellion

镇压

put down what sb. says

记下，写下

take up 的不同含义

take up a hobby

培养……

take up football

开始……

take up the work

继续……

take up…time/space

消耗,占据……

take up a post

就职

take up a song/ cry

跟着一起……

habit 常用短语

form/get the habit of

养成……习惯

be in/have the habit of

有…….习惯

get into the habit of

沾染了……恶习

get rid of the habit=

grow out of the habit=

break away from the habit

改掉了……习惯

一、 按小词（介词、副词）记忆

l．动词+about

speak／talk about 谈论

think about 思考

care about关心，对……有兴趣

bring about 引起，使发生

2．动词+away

throw away 扔掉

blow away 吹走

carry away 拿走，使入迷

clear away 清除掉，消散

die away 逐渐消失,减弱

pass away 去世

wash away 冲走

take away 拿走，使消失

p

ut away 收拾起来，存起来

give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送

wear away 磨掉，消耗

break away 摆脱

send away 让走开

turn away 把……打发走

3．动词+back

keep back 隐瞒，忍住

look back(on) 回顾

hold back 控制住

give back 归还

call back 回电话

take back 拿回，收回

4．动词+for

run for 竞选

ask for 要求得到

wait for 等候

stand for 代表，表示

long for 渴望

hope/wish for 希望得到

care for 关心，喜欢

beg for 乞求

search for 查找

look for 寻找

call for 需要，要求

hunt for 寻找

change…for 用……换

charge…for 收费，要价

apply for 申请

take…for 误以为……是

seek for 寻找

come for 来拿，来取

5．动词+down

burn down 烧毁

break down 坏了，垮了，分解

take down 记下，记录

turn down 调小，拒绝

cut down 削减，砍倒

bring down 使……降低，使倒下

settle down 安家

come down 下落，传下

tear down 拆毁，拆除

6．动词+at

come at 向……袭击

shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷

run at 冲向，向……攻击

work at 干……活动(研究)

tear at 用力撕

look at 看，注视

stare at 凝视

glare at 怒视

glance at 匆匆一瞥

laugh at 嘲笑

knock at 敲(门、窗等)

point at 指向

smile at 冲(某人)笑

strike at 向……打击

aim at 向……瞄准

shoot at 向……射击

wonder at 惊讶

call at 拜访(地点)

7．动词+from

differ from 与……不同

suffer from 受……苦

h

ear from 收到……来信

die from 因……而死

keep／stop／prevent…from

learn from 向……学习

result from 由于

date from 始于……时期

separate…from 把……分离开

8．动词+of

think of 想到

dream of 梦到

consist of 由……组成

speak of 谈到

approve of 赞成

die of 死于

talk of 谈到

hear of 听说

complain of 抱怨

become of 发生……情况，怎么啦

9．动词+off

start off 出发

set off 出发

see off 送行

ring off 挂断电话

put off 延期，推迟

come off 脱落，褪色

cut off 切断，断绝

fall off 跌落，掉下

keep off 避开，勿走近

go off 走开；消失；坏了,爆炸，不喜欢

knock…off 把……撞落

break off 打断

pay off 还清

carry off 携走带走，赢得

get off 脱下(衣服等)

give off 散发出

turn(switch) off 关掉

10．动词+on

depend on 依靠

rely on 依靠

insist on 坚持

carry on 继续，进行

keep／go on 继续

spend…on 在……花钱

put on 穿上，戴上，上演

call on 拜访

move on 继续移动，往前走

live on 以……为生

feed on 以……为生

bring on 使……发展

take on 雇用，呈现(新面貌等)

try on 试穿

have on 穿着

pass on 传授，传递

look on 旁观

turn(switch) on 打开

11．动词+out

break out 爆发

point out 指出

pick out 选出

figure out 算出，理解

burst out 进发

bring out 阐明，使表现出

carry out 执行，进行

help out 救助

hold out 坚持下去

set out 出发，着手，摆放

wear out 穿破，使……疲劳

turn out 结果是，生产，培养

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