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2024年5月20日发(作者：)
备考2023年高考英语二轮专题：完形填空（说明文）
一、完形填空(共80题；共80分)
（15分）
For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill
in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Deliberation is not always the best option
Humans have developed over millions of years of evolution to respond to certain situations without
thinking too hard. If your ancestors 1
．
movement in the undergrowth, they would run first and ask
questions later. At the same time, the 2
．
to analyse and to plan is part of what distinguishes people
from other animals.
The question of when to trust your gut(
直觉
)and when to test your 3
．
—whether to think fast
or slow, in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist— 4
．
in the office as much as it does in
the savannah(
大草原
).
Deliberative thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Strategic changes and budget
discussions are built on rounds of meetings, memos, formulas and presentations. Processes are increasingly
designed to 5
．
instinctive responses. From blind screening of job applicants to using "red-teaming"
techniques to pick apart a firm's plans, precision 6
．
instinct.
Yet instinct also has its place. Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and
inherently(
固有的
)less 7
．
to analysis. Does a marketing campaign capture the 8
．
of your
company, say, or would this person work well with other people in a team? In 9
．
customer-service
situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.
Gut instincts can also be 10
．
. Plenty of research has shown that intuition becomes more
unfailing with experience. In one well-known experiment, conducted in 2012, volunteers were asked to
11
．
whether a selection of designer handbags were fake or real. Some were instructed to operate on
instinct and others to deliberate over their decision. Intuition worked better for those who owned at least
three designer handbags; indeed, it 12
．
analysis. The more expert you become, the better your
instincts tend to be.
13
．
, the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. Instinctive decision-making
is often the only way to get through the day. Researchers at Cornell University once estimated that people
make over 200 decisions a day about food alone. The workplace is 14
．
but a succession of choices,
a few big and many small: what to 15
．
, when to intervene, whom to avoid in the lifts and, now,
1 / 19
where to work each day.
1
．
A
．
uncovered
2
．
A
．
capacity
3
．
A
．
consultation
4
．
A
．
integrates
5
．
A
．
bring out
6
．
A
．
equals
7
．
A
．
manageable
8
．
A
．
attention
9
．
A
．
rough
10
．
A
．
improved
11
．
A
．
ensure
12
．
A
．
undertook
13
．
A
．
Likewise
14
．
A
．
anything
15
．
A
．
cooperate
B
．
spotted
B
．
motive
B
．
anticipation
B
．
matters
B
．
pick out
B
．
comprises
B
．
adaptable
B
．
opportunity
B
．
tough
B
．
copied
B
．
extinguish
B
．
outperformed
B
．
However
B
．
something
B
．
prioritize
C
．
blocked
C
．
reluctance
C
．
assumptions
C
．
works
C
．
make out
C
．
beats
C
．
familiar
C
．
status
C
．
nervous
C
．
transferred
C
．
clarify
C
．
facilitated
C
．
Consequently
C
．
nothing
C
．
convince
D
．
encountered
D
．
urge
D
．
reaction
D
．
abuses
D
．
stamp out
D
．
boosts
D
．
sensitive
D
．
essence
D
．
neutral
D
．
weakened
D
．
assess
D
．
paralleled
D
．
Moreover
D
．
everything
D
．
strive
（15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。
Rockets were probably invented by accident about 2000 years ago. The Chinese had a form of
gunpowder which was put in bamboo tubes and thrown into fires to make 16
．
·during festivals.
Perhaps some of the tubes jumped out of the fire instead of exploding in it. The Chinese discovered that the
gunpowder 17
．
from the tube could lift it into the air. The idea of the rocket was 18
．
.
The first 19
．
use of rockets was in 1232. The Song Dynasty was at war with the Mongols.
During the 20
．
of Kaifeng, the Song army 21
．
"arrows of flying fire". The tubes were
22
．
to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction. 23
．
the
Mongols learned how to make rockets themselves and it is possible that they 24
．
them to Europe.
Between the 13th and 15th century there were many rocket 25
．
in England, France and Italy. They
were used for military purposes. One Italian scientist even invented a rocket which could travel over the
surface of water and hit a(an) 26
．
ship.
Not everybody wanted to use rockets in battles. Wan Hu, a Chinese government official, invented a
2 / 19
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