高考英语阅读加餐练之说明文(含答案详解)

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2024年7月13日发(作者：)

2022高考英语阅读加餐练之说明文（含答案详解）

（A）

Mon hunted. Women gathered. But the discovery of a woman buried 9,000 years ago in the

Andes Mountains with weapons and hunting tools challenges this widely accepted view. The

woman, thought to be between 17and 19 years old when she died, was buried with items that

suggested she hunted big-game animals by spear (矛) throwing.

The objects accompanying people in death tend to be those that accompanied them in life.

Although some scholars have suggested a role for women in ancient hunting, others have

dismissed this idea even when hunting tools were uncovered in female burials.

To examine whether this woman found at this site was an exception, the researchers

examined 429 skeletons at 107 burial sites from around 8,000 to 14,000 years ago. Of those, 27

individuals were buried with hunting tools—11 were female and 15 were male. The sample was

sufficient to“justify the conclusion that female participation in early big-game hunting was likely

nontrivial,” said lead study author Haas.

The findings add to doubts about “man-the-hunter”assumption about early humans since the

mid-20th century. That theory assumes that it was men who went out and hunted, bringing home

meat to feed women and children, who were responsible for gathering berries, plants and nuts to

enrich the dict.

But recent research suggests hunting was very much a community-based activity, needing the

participation of all able-bodied individuals to drive large animals, the study said. Meanwhile, the

spears used at that time had low accuracy, encouraging participation, and using it was as kill

learned from childhood. Women may also have been freed from child care demands by

“allo-parenting”—raising children was a job shared by many.

“Our findings have made me rethink the most basic organizational structure of ancient

hunter-gatherer groups, and human groups more generally,” Haas said.

discovery of the buried woman shows__________.

A. she was killed by a big-game animal

B. she might use hunting tools when alive

C. women were good at throwing spears

D. women were buried alone after death

2. The underlined word “nontrivial” in Paragraph 3 probably means “__________”.

A. limited B. direct C. significant D. passive

3. Which of the following lead to women’s involvement in hunting?

①allo-parenting ②big-game hunting ③tasks of gathering ④less accurate tools

A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①③④ D.①②④

4. Haas probably believes that _________.

A. most of our ancestors were buried with hunting tools

B. we should reconsider previous views on human groups

C. division of labor in hunter-gatherer society remains unchanged

D. the tomb found in the Andes justifies“man-the-hunter” assumption

（B）

The idea of low material desire, low consumption andrefusing to work, marry and have

children, concluded as a “lying down” lifestyle,recently struck a chord with many young

Chinese who are eager to take pause to breathe in this fast-paced and highly-competitive society.

Many millennials (千禧一代) and generation Zs complained to the Global Times that

burdens, including work stress, family disputes (纷争) and financial strains, have pushed them

“against the wall”. They said they hate the“involution (内卷),” joking that they would rather give

up some of what they have than get trapped in an endless competition against peers.

“Instead of always following the ‘virtues’ of struggle, endure and sacrifice to bear the stresses,

they prefer a temporary lying down as catharsis (宣泄) and adjustment,” said a scholar. “Itis no

wonder that some young people, under the growing pressures from child-raising to paying the

mortgage (按揭) today, would try to live in a simple way and leave the worries behind.”

Interestingly, the majority of millennials and Gen Zs reached by the Global Times, who claim

to be big fans of the lying down philosophy, acknowledged that they only accept a temporary

lying down as a short rest. It is true that with the great improvement of living conditions, some

Chinese youth have partially lost the spirit of hardship and are not willing to bear too much hard

work. But in fact, lying down is not entirely comfortable. Young people who lie down always feel

guilty about their constant loss of morale (士气) far beyond their reach.

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