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2023年12月25日发(作者:)
As former colonists of Great Britain,the Founding Fathers of the United States
adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a“common law”,or law
made by courts__1__a monarch or other central governmental__2__like a legislature.
The jury,a__3__of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case,is an__4__ part of our
common-law system. Use of juries to decide cases is a__5__feature of the American
legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United
States.__6__the centuries,many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a
fairer and more just result__7__would be obtained using a judge__8__,as many
countries do.__9__a jury decides cases after“__10__”,or discussions among a group
of people,the jury‘s decision is likely to have the__11__ from many different people
from different backgrounds,who must as a group decide what is right. Juries are used
in both civil cases,which decide__12__ among__13__ citizens,and criminal cases,which decide cases brought by the government __14__ that individuals have
committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and__15__. Jurors,consisting of __16__ numbers,are called for each case requiring a jury. The
judge__17__to the case__18__the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case.
In some states,__19__jurors are questioned by the judge;in others,they are
questioned by the lawyers representing the__20__under rules dictated by state law.
1. [A] other than [B] rather than [C] more than [D] or rather
2. [A] agency [B] organization [C] institution [D] authority
3. [A] panel [B] crew [C] band [D] flock
4. [A] innate [B] intact [C] integral [D] integrated
5. [A]discriminating[B] distinguishing [C] determining [D] diminishing
6. [A] in [B] by [C] after [D] over
7. [A] that [B] which [C] than [D] as
8. [A] alike [B] alone [C] altogether [D] apart
9. [A] Although [B] Because [C] If [D] While
10.[A] deliberations [B] meditations [C] reflections [D] speculations
11.[A] outline [B] outcome [C] input [D] intake
12.[A] arguments [B] controversies [C] disputes [D] hostilities
13.[A] fellow [B] individual [C] personal [D] private
14.[A] asserting [B] alleging [C] maintaining [D] testifying
15.[A] assembled [B] evoked [C] rallied [D] summoned
16.[A] set [B] exact [C] given [D] placed
17.[A] allocated [B] allotted [C] appointed [D] assigned
18.[A] administers [B] manages [C] oversees [D] presides
19.[A] inspective [B] irrespective [C] perspective [D] prospective
20.[A] bodies [B] parties [C] sides [D] units
1
二、英国车速监控系统
The Treasury could pocket 20 million a year in extra fines once the country‘s
speed camera network is expanded. Motoring organizations warned that the
__1__could become a poll tax on wheels’,__2__huge number of drivers. There could
be many more incidents of vandalism __3__ warnings came__4__a Daily
Mail survey found almost all the 23 police forces in England and Wales were
either__5__to expansion plans or considering __6__. Nationwide,the number of
speeding tickets is expected to treble,__7__ 90 million a year.__8__the scheme,police keep some of the cash from fines to __9__the costs of fitting and maintaining
extra cameras and__10__that existing ones always have film in them. The rest will go
to the Treasury. Both Ministers and police insist the scheme is aimed__11__at making
roads safer. They point to trials in eight areas which cut collisions by a quarter and
deaths and serious injuries by __12__a half. But motoring organizations fear cameras
will be sited on relatively safe__13__fast stretches to catch as many drivers as
possible. Some forces are also expected to__14__the“threshold”speeds at which
cameras are__15__to the absolute legal minimum-15 mph in a 10 mph limit,and 26
mph in a 20 mph zone. This could encourage drivers to stare at their speedometers
instead of concentrating on the road,and __16__to more accidents. Sue Nicholson,head of campaigns at the RAC,said,“We don‘t have a problem with speed cameras
__17__. But we do have concerns about__18__they are sited. Police risk losing
credibility __19__motorists if cameras are seen as revenue-raising __20__safety
devices.”
1. [A] promotions [B] punishments [C] penalties [D] payments
2. [A] isolating [B] separating [C] alienating [D] detaching
3. [A] towards [B] against [C] before [D] over
4. [A] so [B] once [C] as [D] where
5. [A] subjected [B] engaged [C] intended [D] committed
6. [A] taking part [B] keeping silence [C] making exception [D] paying respect
7. [A] financing [B] profiting [C] funding [D] netting
8. [A] From [B] Under [C] On [D] With
9. [A] hide [B] cover [C] conceal [D] veil
10. [A] pledging [B] assuring [C] confirming [D] ensuring
11. [A] essentially [B] strongly [C] wholeheartedly [D] purely
12. [A] in all [B] fewer than [C] at most [D] up to
13. [A] but [B] whereas [C] though [D] while
14. [A] fit [B] put [C] set [D] fix
15. [A] levered [B] geared [C] handled [D] triggered
16. [A] lead [B] add [C] contribute [D] resort
17. [A] any less [B] by itself [C] after all [D] as such
18. [A] who [B] when [C] where [D] which
19. [A] in [B] with [C] against [D] for
20. [A] in spite of [B] far from [C] rather than [D] by means of
2
三、大众媒体
The mass media is a big part of our culture,yet it can also be a helper,adviser
and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by
acting as a(an)__1__for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way,it__2__ a variety of functions in human life. The time spent in front of the television
screen is usually at the__3__ of leisure:there is less time for games,amusement and
rest.__4__ by what is happening on the screen,children not only imitate what they see
but directly__5__ themselves with different characters. Americans have been
concerned about the__6__ of violence in the media and its__7__harm to children and
adolescents for at least forty years. During this period,new media __8__,such as
video games,cable television,music videos,and the Internet. As they continue to gain
popularity,these media,__9__television,__10__public concern and research
attention. Another large societal concern on our young generation__11__by the
media,is body image.__12__forces can influence body image positively or
negatively.__13__one,societal and cultural norms and mass media
marketing__14__our concepts of beauty. In the mass media,the images
of__15__beauty fill magazines and newspapers,__16__from our televisions and
entertain us__17__the movies. Even in advertising,the mass media__18__on
accepted cultural values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain. Young adults are
presented with a__19__defined standard of attractiveness,a(n)__20__that carries
unrealistic physical expectations.
1. [A] alternative [B] preference [C] substitute [D] representative
2. [A] accomplishes[B] fulfills [C] provides [D] suffices
3. [A] risk [B] mercy [C] height [D] expense
4. [A] Absorbed [B] Attracted [C] Aroused [D] Addicted
5. [A] identify [B] recognize [C] unify [D] equate
6. [A] abundance [B] incidence [C] prevalence [D] reccurrence
7. [A] disposed [B] hidden [C] implicit [D] potential
8. [A] merged [B] emerged [C] immerged [D] submerged
9. [A] apart from [B] much as [C] but for [D] along with
10. [A] promote [B] propel [C] prompt [D] prosper
11. [A] inspired [B] imposed [C] delivered [D] contributed
12. [A] External [B] Exterior [C] Explicit [D] Exposed
13. [A] As [B] At [C] For [D] In
14. [A] mark [B] effect [C] impact [D] shock
15. [A] generalized [B] regularized [C] standardized[D] categorized
16. [A] boom [B] bottom [C] brim [D] beam
17. [A] over [B] with [C] on [D] at
18. [A] play [B] take [C] profit [D] resort
19. [A] barely [B] carefully [C] narrowly [D] subjectively
20. [A] ideal [B] image [C] stereotype [D] criterion
3
四、英国的饮食与健康
A recent parliamentary report blames the government and the food industry for
the growth in obesity. The Department of Transport is blamed for not doing enough
to__1__facilities for pedestrians and cyclists while__2__ to pressure from motoring
organizations representing car users. The Ministry of Education is__3__of selling off
school playing fields and not doing enough to__4__adequate facilities for physical
education and games. Young people in Britain have become crazy about football(soccer and rugby),but too often as__5__“couch potatoes”。
The food industry is blamed for promoting junk food to school children and not
doing enough to__6__down on sugar,fats and salt in prepared foods. The industry,__7__by the current popularity of the Atkins low-carbohydrate diet,has begun to
__8__,but it is trying to protect a huge market and will need to do__9__more if it is
to__10__off increased regulation. Japan seems less__11__so far by the problem of
obesity,__12__ as the Japanese diet becomes increasingly__13__(burgers and
doughnuts)the problem will grow. __14__,Japanese cuisine has become highly
popular in Britain. It is seen as healthy in a different way from the Mediterranean
diet__15__its emphasis on tomatoes and olive oil combined with red wine. A fairly
small amount of red wine is now__16__as beneficial to the heart,__17__its other
encouraging properties. But Britain has to do more to__18__the problems of
alcoholism__19__with the binge-drinking culture—including violence and vandalism.
Limited consumption of alcohol,as long as it is not__20__with driving,is harmless
and possibly beneficial.
1. [A] stimulate [B] commend [C] promote [D] elevate
2. [A] submitting [B] subjecting [C] subordinating [D] surrendering
3. [A] charged [B] denounced [C] scolded [D] accused
4. [A] assure [B] ensure [C] secure [D] guard
5. [A] speculating [B] spectating [C] specializing [D] sightseeing
6. [A] fall [B] get [C] cut [D] bring
7. [A] stung [B] bitten [C] chewed [D] licked
8. [A] retort [B] refute [C] respond [D] resolve
9. [A] abundantly [B] considerably [C] extensively [D] principally
10. [A] defend [B] beat [C] hold [D] ward
11. [A] upset [B] affected [C] effected [D] impressed
12. [A] or [B] for [C] but [D] if
13. [A] popularized [B] globalized [C] westernized [D] localized
14. [A] Accordingly[B] Interestingly [C] Surprisingly [D] Strikingly
15. [A] as [B] on [C] but [D] with
16. [A] accepted [B] approved [C] assumed [D] acknowledged
17. [A] but for [B] let alone [C] regardless of [D] much less
18. [A] cope [B] challenge [C] tackle [D] undertake
19. [A] matched [B] related [C] united [D] associated
20. [A] bonded [B] combined [C] merged [D] incorporated
4
五、失眠
Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are
using__1__ therapies,even while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of
Americans __2__awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink or __3__an pill,hoping it will make them sleepy.__4__ experts agree all that self-medicating is a bad
idea,and the causes of chronic insomnia remain__5__. Almost a third of adults have
trouble sleeping,and about 10 percent have__6__ of daytime impairment that signal
true insomnia. But __7__the complaints,scientists know surprisingly little about what
causes chronic insomnia,its health consequences and how best to treat it,a panel of
specialists __8__together by the National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday.
The panel called__9__a broad range of research into insomnia,__10__that if
scientists understood its __11__causes,they could develop better treatments. Most,but not all,insomnia is thought to __12__other health problems,from arthritis and
depression to cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia
came first or was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping
in__13__complicates those other problems. Other diseases __14__,the risk of
insomnia seems to increase with age and to be more __15__among women,especially
after their 50s. Smoking,caffeine and numerous __16__drugs also affect sleep. The
NIH is spending about $200 million this year on sleep-related research,some__17__to specific disorders and others __18__the underlying scientific laws that
control the nervous system of sleep. The agency was__19__the panel‘s review before
deciding what additional work should be__20__ at insomnia.
1. [A] unproven [B] unknown [C] improper [D] imperative
2. [A] fall [B] lie [C] seem [D] become
3. [A] prescribe [B] pop [C] abuse [D] experiment
4. [A] And [B] Though [C] Thus [D] But
5. [A] peculiar [B] anonymous [C] mysterious [D] unexpected
6. [A] signals [B] symptoms [C] signs [D] symbols
7. [A] in addition to[B] except for [C] owing to [D] for all
8. [A] pulled [B] collected [C] brought [D] drawn
9. [A] on [B] for [C] up [D] in
10. [A] noting [B] notifying [C] nosing [D] nominating
11. [A] undertaking[B] underlining [C] underlying [D] undermining
12. [A] cause [B] accompany [C] follow [D] attend
13. [A] short [B] case [C] essence [D] turn
14. [A] inside [B] outside [C] aside [D] besides
15. [A] common [B] popular [C] frequent [D] regular
16. [A] conscription[B] description [C] subscription[D] prescription
17. [A] aimed [B] targeted [C] designated [D] designed
18. [A] examining [B] inspecting [C] verifying [D] assessing
19. [A] conducting [B] awaiting [C] receiving [D] considering
20. [A] assigned [B] charged [C] directed [D] attended
5
六、听的行为
A recent poll indicated that half the teenagers in the United States believe that
communication between them and their parents is__1__and further that one of the
prime causes of this gap is __2__listening behavior. As a(an)__3__ in point,one
parent believed that her daughter had a severe__4__problem. She was so __5__that
she took her to an audiologist to have her ear tested. The audiologist carefully tested
both ears and reported back to the parent:“There‘s nothing wrong with her hearing.
She’s just __6__you out.”
A leading cause of the __7__divorce rate(more than half of all marriages end in
divorce)is the failure of husbands and wives to __8__effectively. They don‘t listen to
each other. Neither person__9__to the actual message sent by the other. In
__10__fashion,political scientists report that a growing number of people believe that
their elected and __11__officials are out of__12__with the constituents they are
supposedly __13__. Why?Because they don’t believe that they listen to them. In
fact,it seems that sometimes our politicians don‘t even listen to themselves. The
following is a true story:At a national__14__conference held in Albuquerque some
years ago,then Senator Joseph Montoya was__15__a copy of a press release by a
press aide shortly before he got up before the audience to__16__ a speech. When he
rose to speak,__17__the horror of the press aide and the__18__of his audience,Montoya began reading the press release,not his speech. He began,“For immediate
release. Senator Joseph M. Montoya,Democrat of New Mexico,last night told the
National……”Montoya read the entire six-page release,__19__ with the statement
that he“was repeatedly __20__by applause.”
1.[A] scarce [B] little [C] rare [D] poor
2.[A] malignant [B] deficient [C] ineffective [D] feeble
3.[A] case [B] example [C] lesson [D] suggestion
4.[A] audio [B] aural [C] hearing [D] listening
5.[A] believing [B] convinced [C] assured [D] doubtless
6.[A] turning [B] tuning [C] tucking [D] tugging
7.[A] rising [B] arising [C] raising [D] arousing
8.[A] exchange [B] interchange [C] encounter [D] interact
9.[A] relates [B] refers [C] responds [D] resorts
10.[A] like [B] alike [C] likely [D] likewise
11.[A] nominated [B] selected [C] appointed [D] supported
12.[A] connection [B] reach [C] association [D] touch
13.[A] leading [B] representing [C]delegating [D] supporting
14.[A] legislative [B] legitimate [C] legalized [D] liberal
15.[A] distributed [B] awarded [C] handed [D] submitted
16.[A] present [B] publish [C] deliver [D] pursue
17.[A] to [B] with [C] for [D] on
18.[A] joy [B] enjoyment [C] amusement [D] delight
19.[A] conclude [B] to conclude [C] concluding [D] concluded
20.[A] disrupted [B] interfered [C] interrupted [D] stopped
6
七、日本铁路车站的经济计划
There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd,one of the six
companies,created out of the privatized nationa__l__ railway system. In an industry
lacking exciting growth1,its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train
stations__2__is drawing interest. In a plan called“Station Renaissance”that it__3__in
November,JR East said that it would__4__using its commercial spaces for shops and
restaurants,extending them to__5__more suitable for the information age. It wants
train stations as pick-up__6__for such goods as books,flowers and
groceries__7__over the Internet. In a country where city__8__depend heavily on
trains__9__commuting,about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway,the company __10__. So,picking up commodities at train stations__11__consumers
extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its
station__12__stores for this purpose,but it plans to create__13__spaces for the
delivery of Internet goods. The company also plans to introduce
__14__cards—known in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit
for__15__information__16__ train tickets and commuter passes__17__the magnetic
ones used today,integrating them into a/an __18__pass. This will save the company
money,because__19__for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems.
Increased use of IC cards should also__20__the space needed for ticket vending.
1.[A] perspectives [B] outlooks [C] prospects [D] spectacles
2.[A] creatively [B] originally [C] authentically [D] initially
3.[A] displayed [B] demonstrated [C] embarked [D] unveiled
4.[A] go beyond [B] set out [C] come around [D] spread over
5.[A] applications [B] enterprises [C] functions [D]performances
6.[A] districts [B] vicinities [C] resorts [D] locations
7.[A] acquired [B] purchased [C] presided [D] attained
8.[A] lodgers [B] tenants [C] dwellers [D] boarders
9.[A] for [B] in [C] of [D] as
10.[A] figures [B] exhibits [C] convinces [D] speculates
11.[A] deprives [B] retrieves [C] spares [D] exempts
12.[A] conjunction [B] convenience [C] department [D] ornament
13.[A] delegated [B] designated [C] devoted [D] dedicated
14.[A] clever [B] smart [C] ingenious [D] intelligent
15.[A] checking [B] gathering [C] holding [D] accommodating
16.[A] as [B] for [C] with [D] of
17.[A] but for [B] as well as [C] instead of [D] more than
18.[A] unique [B] single [C] unitary [D] only
19.[A] devices [B] instruments [C] readers [D] examiners
20.[A] reduce [B] narrow [C] dwarf [D] shrink
7
八、老龄化
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD(Organization of Economic
Co-operation and Development)countries,in particular,how to pay for future public
pension liabilities. And early retirement places an__1__burden on pension financing.
There is no easy solution,but__2__retirement could help. Early retirement may seem
like a worthy individual goal,but it is a socially__3__one,and makes the present
public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The__4__reason is that more
people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on
the__5__of those in work for their income. The__6__is worrying. In the next 50
years,low fertility rates and__7__life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this
old-age dependency rate to roughly double__8__size. Public pension payments,which afford 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries,are__9__to
rise,on average,by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight
percentage points in some countries.__10__is the pressure on pension funds that there
is a danger of today‘s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt
they__11__for. Action is needed,__12__simply aiming to reduce the__13__(and
cost)of public pensions,or trying to__14__the role of privately funded pensions
within the system,though necessary steps,may be__15__to deal with the dependency
challenge. After years of__16__early retirement schemes to avoid__17__and higher
unemployment,many governments are now looking__18__persuading people to stay
in work until they are older. Surely,the thinking goes,if we are healthier now and
jobs are physically less__19__and unemployment is down,then perhaps
the__20__rate should rise anew.
1.[A] unsolvable [B] additional [C] unsustainable [D] undue
2.[A] delaying [B] retaining [C] detaining [D] hindering
3.[A] ultimate [B] unattainable [C] specific [D] expensive
4.[A] substantial [B] essential [C] potential [D] controversial
5.[A] donating [B] sponsoring [C] subsidizing [D] funding
6.[A] outlook [B] outcome [C] outbreak [D] outset
7.[A] prolonging [B] expanding [C] soaring [D] rising
8.[A] in [B] on [C] by [D] for
9.[A] conceived [B] reckoned [C] expected [D] meant
10.[A] As [B] Such [C] So [D] It
11.[A] should pay [B] paying [C] be paid [D] would pay
12.[A] but [B] for [C] and [D] thus
13.[A] multitude [B] implementation [C] application [D] generosity
14.[A] exaggerate [B] augment [C] magnify [D] multiply
15.[A] insufficient [B] influential [C] inefficient [D] intrinsic
16.[A] advancing [B] previous [C] ahead [D] preceding
17.[A] suspensions [B] abundances [C] redundancies [D] discrepancies
18.[A] for [B] to [C] about [D] at
19.[A] turbulent [B] strenuous [C] compact [D] intricate
20.[A] dependency [B] fertility [C] present [D] mortality
8
九、罗马人的建国
The success of Augustus owed much to the character of Roman theorizing about
the state. The Romans did not produce ambitious blueprints1 the construction of
idea__l__ states,such as__2__ to the Greeks. With very few exceptions,Roman
theorists ignored,or rejected__3__ valueless,intellectual exercises like Plato‘s
Republic,in__4__ the relationship of the individual to the state was__5__ out
painstakingly without reference to__6__ states or individuals. The closest the Roman
came to the Greek model was Cicero’s De Re Publica,and even here Cicero had
Rome clearly in __7__. Roman thought about the state was concrete,even when
it__8__ religious and moral concepts. The first ruler of Rome,Romulus,was__9__ to
have received authority from the gods,specifically from Jupiter,the“guarantor”of
Rome. All constitutional__10__was a method of conferring and administering
the__11__. Very clearly it was believed that only the assembly of the__12__,the
family heads who formed the original senate,__13__the religious character necessary
to exercise authority,because its original function was to__14__the gods. Being
practical as well as exclusive,the senators moved__15__to divide the authority,holding that their consuls,or chief officials,would possess it on__16__months,and
later extending its possession to lower officials.__17__the important achievement was
to create the idea of continuing__18__authority embodied only temporarily in certain
upper-class individuals and conferred only__19__the mass of the people concurred.
The system grew with enormous __20__,as new offices and assemblies were created
and almost none discarded.
1.[A] with [B] for [C] in [D] to
2. [A] tempted [B] attracted [C] appealed [D] transferred
3. [A] on [B] for [C] as [D] about
4. [A] which [B] that [C] what [D] it
5. [A] turned [B] worked [C] brought [D] made
6. [A] special [B] specific [C] peculiar [D] particular
7. [A] existence [B] store [C] reality [D] mind
8. [A] abandoned [B] caught [C] separated [D] involved
9. [A] told [B] held [C] suggested [D] advised
10. [A] tendency [B] procedure [C] development [D] relation
11. [A] authority [B] power [C] control [D] ruling
12. [A] officers [B] men [C] administrators [D] fathers
13. [A] possessed [B] claimed [C] assured [D] enforced
14. [A] confirm [B] confer [C] consult [D] consider
15. [A] over [B] along [C] on [D] about
16. [A] alternate [B] different [C] varied [D] several
17. [A] And [B] So [C] Or [D] But
18. [A] state [B] country [C] people [D] national
19. [A] as [B] when [C] if [D] so
20. [A] dimension [B] complexity [C] exercise [D] function
9
十、苏美尔人
All Sumerian cities recognized a number of gods in common,including the sky
god,the lord of storms,and the morning and evening star.__1__the Sumerian
worshipped the goddess of fertility,love,and war,she was evidently
lower__2__status than the male gods,indicating that in a more urbanized society
the__3__that the peoples of previous times had paid to the earth mother goddess
had__4__. The gods seemed hopelessly violent and __5__,and one‘s life a period of
slavery at their easy will. The epic poem The Creation emphasizes that__6__were
created to enable the gods to__7__ up working. Each city moreover had its own god,who was considered to__8__ the temple literally and who was in theory the owner of
all property within the city.__9__the priests who interpreted the will of the god and
controlled the__10__ of the economic produce of the city were favored__11__ their
supernatural and material functions __12__. When,after 3,000 B. C.,growing
warfare among the cities made military leadership__13__,the head of the army who
became king assumed a(n)__14__position between the god,whose agent he was,and the priestly class,whom he had both to use and to __15__. Thus king and priests
represented the upper class in a hierarchical society.__16__them were the scribes,the
secular attendants of the temple,who__17__every aspect of the city’s economic life
and who developed a rough judicial system.__18__the temple officials,society was
divided among an elite or__19__ group of large landowners and military leaders;a
mixed group of merchants,artisans,and craftsmen,free peasants who__20__ the
majority of the population;and slaves.
1. [A] Unless [B] As [C] Lest [D] Although
3. [A] worship [B] reverence [C] admiration [D] gratitude
4. [A] vanished [B] recovered [C] declined [D] attained
5. [A] unpredictable[B] unforgivable[C] unlimited [D] unlikely
6. [A] creatures [B] animals [C] men [D] mortals
7. [A] use [B] turn [C] give [D] back
8. [A] inhabit [B] live [C] reside [D] lodge
9. [A] Hence [B] Thereafter [C] Somehow [D] Incidentally
10. [A] introduction[B] transaction [C] distribution[D] provision
11. [A] as [B] for [C] under [D] of
12. [A] along [B] anyway [C] afterwards [D] alike
13. [A] additional [B] vital [C] singular [D] exceptional
14. [A] alternative [B] secondary [C] intermediate[D] fundamental
15. [A] pacify [B] tempt [C] suppress [D] manipulate
16. [A] Beside [B] Beyond [C] Below [D] Before
17. [A] supervised [B] held [C] managed [D] presided
18. [A] Around [B] Under [C] Above [D] Outside
19. [A] leading [B] noble [C] controlling [D] principal
20. [A] consist [B] compose [C] compile [D] consume
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十一、情人节的来历
Valentine‘s Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. __1__
the fierce wolves roamed nearby,the old Romans called __2__ the god Lupercus to
help them. A festival in his __3__ was held on February 15th. On the eve of the
festival the __4__ of the girls were written on __5__ of paper and placed in jars. Each
young man __6__ a slip. The girl whose name was __7__ was to be his sweetheart for
the year. Legend __8__ it that the holiday became Valentine’s Day __9__ a Roman
priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II __10__ the Roman soldiers NOT to
marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would __11__ stay home
than fight. When Valentine __12__ the Emperor and secretly married the young
couples,he was put to death on February 14th,the __13__ of Lupercalia. After his
death,Valentine became a __14__. Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th
to the 14th—Valentine‘s Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine __15__ of Lupercus.
Valentine’s Day has become a major __16__ of love and romance in the modern
world. The ancient god Cupid and his __17__ into a lover‘s heart may still be used to
__18__ falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts,such as
flowers or jewelry,to do this. __19__ to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on
Valentine’s Day can sometimes be as __20__ as forgetting a birthday or a wedding
anniversary.
1.[A] While [B] When [C] Though [D] Unless
2.[A] upon [B] back [C] off [D] away
3.[A] honor [B] belief [C] hand [D] way
4.[A] problems [B] secrets [C] names [D] intentions
5.[A] rolls [B] piles [C] works [D] slips
6.[A] cast [B] caught [C] drew [D] found
7.[A] given [B] chosen [C] elected [D] delivered
8.[A] tells [B] means [C] makes [D] has
9.[A] after [B] since [C] as [D] from
10.[A] ordered [B] pleaded [C] envisioned [D] believed
11.[A] other [B] simply [C] rather [D] all
12.[A] disliked [B] defied [C] defeated [D] dishonored
13.[A] celebration [B] arrangement [C] feast [D] eve
14.[A] goat [B] saint [C] model [D] weapon
15.[A] because [B] made [C] instead [D] learnt
16.[A] part [B] representative[C] judgement [D] symbol
17.[A] story [B] wander [C] arrow [D] play
18.[A] portray [B] require [C] demand [D] alert
19.[A] Keeping [B] Disapproving[C] Supporting [D] Forgetting
20.[A] constructive [B] damaging [C] reinforcing [D] retorting
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十二、冰雪路面驾车的经历
Driving through snowstorm on icy roads for long distances is a most
nerve-racking experience. It is a paradox that the snow,coming __1__ gently,blowing gleefully in a high wind,all the while __2__ down a treacherous carpet,freezes the windows,__3__ the view. The might of automated man is__4__ . The
horses,the powerful electrical systems,the deep-tread tires,all go __5__ nothing. One
minute the road feels __6__,and the next the driver is sliding over it,light as a__7__,in a panic,wondering what the heavy trailer trucks coming up__8__the rear are going
to do. The trucks are like __9__ when you have to pass them,not at sixty or seventy
__10__ you do when the road is dry,but at twenty-five and thirty. __11__ their
engines sound unnaturally loud. Snow,slush and__12__ of ice spray from beneath the
wheels,obscure the windshield,and rattle __13__your car. Beneath the wheels there
is plenty of __14__ for you to slide and get mashed to a pulp. Inch __15__ inch you
move up,past the rear wheels,the center wheels,the cab,the front wheels,all__16__too slowly by. Straight ahead you continue,__17__ to cut over sharply
would send you into a slip,__18__in front of the vehicle. At last,there
is__19__enough,and you creep back over,in front of the truck now,but__20__the
sound of its engine still thundering in your ears.
1. [A] up [B] off [C] down [D] on
2. [A] lies [B] lays [C] settles [D] sends
3. [A] blocks [B] strikes [C] puffs [D] cancels
4. [A] muted [B] discovered [C] doubled [D] undervalued
5. [A] for [B] with [C] into [D] from
6. [A] comfortable [B] weak [C] risky [D] firm
7. [A] loaf [B] feather [C] leaf [D] fog
8. [A] beneath [B] from [C] under [D] beyond
9. [A] dwarfs [B] giants [C] patients [D] princesses
10. [A] what [B] since [C] as [D] that
11. [A] So [B] But [C] Or [D] Then
12. [A] flakes [B] flocks [C] chips [D] cakes
13. [A] onto [B] against [C] off [D] along
14. [A] snow [B] earth [C] room [D] ice
15. [A] by [B] after [C] for [D] with
16. [A] climbing [B] crawling [C] winding [D] sliding
17. [A] meanwhile [B] unless [C] whereas [D] for
18. [A] sheer [B] mostly [C] rarely [D] right
19. [A] might [B] distance [C] air [D] power
20. [A] with [B] like [C] inside [D] upon
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