中医英语翻译常用词汇英汉对照

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2023年12月30日发(作者：)

中医常用词汇

中国医药学 Traditional Chinese Medicine

中医基础理论 Basic theory of traditional

Chinese medicine

临床经验 clinical experience

辨证论治 treatment based on syndrome

differentiation

本草 materia medica, herbs

中药 Chinese materia medica, Chinese

medicinal herbs

Terms Commonly Used in TCM

治未病 prevention of disease

脏腑 zang-organs and fu-organs, viscera

功能活动 functional activities

形神统一 unity of the body and spirit

阴阳失调 imbalance of yin and yang

条达舒畅 free development

四气五味 four properties and five tastes 延年益寿 prolonging life, promising longevity

针灸 acupuncture and moxibustion, acumox 养生防病 cultivating health to prevent disease

各家学说 theories of different schools

汗法 diaphoresis, sweating therapy

下法 purgative therapy, purgation

吐法 emetic therapy, vomiting therapy

正气 healthy qi, vital qi

病邪 pathogenic factor

整体观念 concept of holism

疾病的本质与现象 nature and manifestations of

disease

阴阳的相对平衡 relative balance between yin and

yang

疾病的发生与发展 occurrence and development of

disease

同病异治 treating the same disease with

different therapies

异病同治 treating different diseases with the

same therapy

补土派 school of invigorating the earth

病因学说 etiology

养生 health-cultivation,

医疗实践 medical practice

治疗原则 therapeutic principles

寒凉药物 herbs of cold and cool nature,

cold-natured herbs

滋阴降火 nourishing yin to lower/reduce

fire

五脏 five zang-organs, five zang-viscera

六腑 six fu-organs, six fu-viscera

经络系统 system of meridians and collaterals

滋水涵木 enriching water to nourish wood 余热未尽 incomplete abatement of heat

瘀血致泻 disease caused by blood stasis

先天之精 congenital essence

形与神俱 inseparability of the body and

spirit

开胃 promoting appetite

脉象 pulse conditions, pulse pattern

邪正关系 states of pathogenic factors and

healthy qi

发热恶寒 fever and aversion to cold

有机整体 organic wholeness/integrity

表里关系 exterior and interior relation

开窍 opening into

自然现象 natural phenomena

哲学概念 philosophical concept

对立统一 unity of opposites

相互消长 mutual waning and waxing

头身疼痛 headache and body pain

久痢脱肛 proctoptosis due to prolonged

dysentery

养阴清热 nourishing yin and clearing away

heat

清肺热 clear away lung-heat

湿邪犯肺 pathogenic dampness invading the

lung

清热泻火 clearing away heat and reducing

fire

腠理 muscular interstices, striae,

interstitial space

水湿停滞 retention of water and dampness,

water retention

癃闭 retention of urine

相互转化 mutual transformation

阴阳属性 nature of yin and yang

相互联系 interrelation

相互制约 mutual restraint, mutual

restriction/interaction

动态平衡 dynamic equilibrium

阴平阳秘 yin and yang in equilibrium

阴阳的互根互用 interdependence of yin and yang

相互依存 interdependence

阴阳离绝 separation of yin and yang

气血运行 circulation/flow of qi and blood 相反相成 opposite and supplementary to each

阴阳转化 transformation between yin and

yang

阳消阴长 yang waning and yin waxing

阴胜则阳病 predominance of yin leading to

disorder of yang

阴胜则阳病 an excess of yin leads to

deficiency of yang

阳胜则热 predominance of yang generating

heat

寒极生热 extreme cold generating heat

热极生寒 extreme heat generating cold

生理功能 physiological functions

病理变化 pathological changes

临床诊断 clinical diagnosis

阳胜生外热 exuberance of yang leading to

exterior heat

阳中求阴 obtaining yang from yin

绝对偏盛 absolute predominance

阳虚则寒 yang deficiency leading to cold

阴阳俱损 simultaneous consumption of yin and

yang

阴阳两虚 simultaneous deficiency of both yin and

yang

阳损及阴 impairment of yang involving yin

阴液不足 insufficiency of yin-fluid

病机总纲 general principle of pathogenesis 阳虚发热 fever due to yang deficiency

病机 pathomechanism, pathological

mechanism

阴阳胜复 alternative predominance of yin

and yang

虚寒证 deficiency-cold syndrome

阴阳自和 natural harmony between yin and yang

木乘土 the wood over-restrains the earth

木火刑金 wood-fire impairs the metal

扶阳退阴 strengthening yang to reduce yin 金水相生 generation between the metal and water

祛风散寒 expelling/eliminating wind to

dispersing cold

生克制化 interrelationship between generation

and restriction

消导积滞 promoting digestion and removing 制则生化 restriction ensuring generation

food retention

潜阳熄风 suppressing yang to quench wind

母病及子 disease of the mother-organ affecting

the child-organ

传变 transmission of disease, progress of

disease

子病犯母 disease of the child-organ affecting

the mother-organ

五行学说 theory of five elements

运动变化 motion and variation

正邪相争 struggle/combat between healthy qi 肝肾精血不足 insufficiency of liver and kidney

and pathogenic factors essence and blood

相生相克 mutual generation and restriction 肝阳上亢 hyperactivity of liver yang

生我，我生 to be generated and to generate

心肝血虚 asthenia / deficiency of heart and

liver blood

克我，我克 to be restricted and to restrict 心肝火旺 exuberance of heart and liver fire

生中有制 restriction within generation

克中有生 generation within restriction

木曰曲直 wood is characterized by growing

freely and peripherally

心火亢盛 hyperactivity/exuberance of heart fire

滋肾养肝 nourishing the kidney and liver

方位配五行 correspondence of the directions to

the five elements

温肾健脾 warming the kidney and strengthening

the spleen

火曰炎上 fire is characterized by flaming up

土爰稼穑 earth is characterized by

cultivation and reaping

肾阳式微 declination of kidney yang

金曰从革 metal is characterized by change 脾阳不振 inactivation of spleen yang

病缓起 gradual onset of disease

肝阴不足 insufficiency of liver yin

相乘相侮 over-restriction and reverse

restriction

水湿停聚 retention of water-dampness

肾阴不足 insufficiency of kidney yin

心肾不交 disharmony between the heart and

kidney

宣通水道 dredging water passage

通调水道 dredging and regulating water

passage

行气利水 activating qi to excrete water

水液停滞 retention of fluid

脾胃虚弱 hypofunction/weakness of the spleen

and stomach

地道不通 menopause

平肝和胃 soothing the liver and harmonizing the

stomach

水火不济 discordance between water and fire

藏象学说 theory of visceral manifestations

奇恒之腑 extraordinary fu-organs

水谷精微 cereal nutrients, essence of water and

food

传化水谷 transmission and transformation of

food

贮藏精气 storage of essence

治疗效果 curative / therapeutic effect

后天之本 postnatal / acquired base of life 藏而不泻 storage without excretion

调畅气机 regulating qi activity

肝气上逆 upward flow of liver qi

水曰润下 water is characterized by

泻而不藏 excretion without storage

表热里寒 exterior heat and interior cold

肝旺脾虚 hyperfunction of the liver and weakness

moistening and downward flowing

脾主运化 the spleen governing

transportation and transformation

肝气郁结 stagnation of liver qi

胆虚证 gallbladder deficiency syndrome

腐熟水谷 digesting food

食欲不振 poor appetite

脘腹胀闷 epigastric distension and

depression

嗳气酸腐 eructation with fetid odor

泌别清浊 separating the clear from the

turbid

食物残渣 residue of food

大肠主传导 the large intestine governing

transmission and transportation

of the spleen

大肉陷下 obvious emaciation and muscular

atrophy, extreme emaciation

面色红润 ruddy complexion, rosy cheeks

胆虚不得眠 insomnia due to gallbladder asthenia

导便法 laxation

跌打损伤 traumatic injury

动静结合 integration of motion and

quietness/stillness

定喘 relieving asthma

心主血脉 the heart controlling blood and vessels

心气充沛 abundance of heart qi

防御外邪入侵 preventing the invasion of

exogenous pathogenic factor

癃闭 dysuria, retention of urine, anuria and

血液充盈 plenty of blood

dysuria

面黄肌瘦 emaciation with sallow complexion 脉道不利 unsmoothness of vessels

止珠偏斜 strabismus, squint, ocular

deviation

调节水液 regulation of water

排泄糟粕 excretion of waste material

髓海不足 insufficiency of marrow-sea

精神委靡 dispiritedness, listlessness,

lower spirit

月经不调 irregular menstruation

冲任不固 weakness of thoroughfare and

conception vessels

经期延长 prolonged menstruation

小肠实热 sthenia-heat in the small

intestine

气机调畅 smooth activity of qi

气化不利 dysfunction of qi in

transformation

气分热盛 excessive heat at qi phase

面色无华 lusterless complexion

脉象细弱 thin and weak pulse

面色萎黄 sallow complexion

汗血同源 sweat and blood sharing the same origin

升降出入 ascending, descending, coming in and

going out

气为血帅 qi serves as the commander of the blood

气血凝滞 stagnation of qi and blood

血瘀 blood stasis

气滞腰痛 lumbago due to qi stagnation

气虚滑胎 habitual abortion due to qi asthenia

畏寒喜热 aversion to cold and preference for

heat

气郁化热 stagnation of qi transforming into heat

瘀血阻络 blood stasis obstructing the

collaterals

破瘀通经 breaking blood stasis to promote

menstruation

祛瘀 eliminating stasis, expelling stasis

气不摄血 failure of qi to check the blood

温养脏腑 warming and nourishing the viscera

清肺润燥 clearing the lung and moistening

dryness

内伤头疼 headache due to internal injury

逆传心包 reverse transmission into the

pericardium

宁心安神 calming the heart and

tranquilizing the mind

惊悸不安 palpitation due to fright

血液循行 circulation of the blood

气的运动形式 the moving styles of qi

平肝止血 soothing the liver to stop bleeding

离经之血 abnormal flow of the blood

气血生化之源 source for the production and

transformation of qi and blood

肌肤干燥 dry skin

血液生成不足 insufficient production of the

blood

血液亏虚 deficiency of the blood

津液的形状、功能与分布 form, function, and

distribution of the body fluid

脉细无力 thin and weak pulse

肌肤甲错 squamous and dry skin

血脉调和流畅 smooth and normal flow of the blood

机体正常水液 normal fluid inside the body

气滞津停 retention of fluid due to stagnation of

qi

身倦乏力 lassitude

脏腑火热炽盛 exuberant fire and heat in the

viscera

热迫血分 heat invading the blood phase

寒凝气滞 stagnation of cold and qi

气滞血瘀 qi stagnation and blood stasis 伤津脱液 consumption and loss of the body fluid

津液的营养和滋润作用 the nourishing and

moistening functions of the body fluid

腹痛拒按 unpalpable abdominal pain

津液的生成、输布和排泄 production,

distribution, and excretion of the body fluid

脾的“散精”功能 the function of the spleen to

“dissipate essence”

水液停聚 retention of water

津液不足 insufficiency of the body fluid

奇经八脉 eight extraordinary vessels, eight 胃的“游溢精气” the function of the stomach to

extraordinary meridians “distribute essence”

津液生化匮乏 scanty production of the body 津液的代谢平衡 the metabolic balance of the body

fluid fluid

热盛耗伤津液 consumption of the body fluid

due to excessive heat

水液代谢障碍 disturbance of water

metabolism

风为百病之长 wind is the leading factor in

causing various diseases

气随津脱 exhaustion of qi due to loss of body

fluid

濡养肌肤 moistening and nourishing the skin

经脉之海 sea of meridians

水湿困脾 dampness encumbering the spleen

湿邪内盛 exuberance of interior dampness

脾虚水肿 edema due to spleen deficiency 滋养脏腑 moistening and nourishing the viscera

运行全身气血 transporting qi and blood in

the whole body

联络脏腑肢节 connecting with viscera, limbs

and joints

循行路线 running route

十二正经 twelve regular meridians

经隧阻滞 blockage of meridians

十二经别 twelve branches of meridians

经别 divergent meridians

经气 meridian qi

十二皮部 twelve skin areas, twelve skin

regions/divisions

十二经筋 twelve meridian tendons

经穴 meridian acupoints, Jing-River

acupoint

经络辨证 syndrome differentiation

according to meridians

经络感传 meridian conduction, channel

transmission

经络现象 meridian phenomena

经络阻滞 blockage of meridians

舒筋活络 relaxing tendons and activating

collaterals

刺血疗法 blood-pricking therapy

饮食劳倦 improper diet and overstrain

风寒感冒 common cold due to wind-cold

湿热泄泻diarrhea due to damp-heat

内生五邪 five endogenous pathogenic factors

风邪外袭 pathogenic wind attacking the

superficies

游走性关节疼痛 migratory arthralgias

阳气衰退 decline of yang-qi

六淫 six climatic evils

经闭发肿 amenorrhea with edema

邪正盛衰 predominance or decline of pathogenic

factors and healthy qi

病症的虚实变化 asthenia and sthenia changes of

disease

机体的抗病能力 body resistance

五心烦热 feverish sensation over the five

centers

五心 five centers (palms, soles and chest)

生津安神 promoting the production of body fluid

and tranquilizing the mind

蓄血发黄 jaundice due to blood accumulation

脾阳不振 inactivation of spleen yang

外感六淫 attacked by six climate pathogenic

factors

感受寒邪 attacked by pathogenic cold

虚实夹杂 deficiency complicated with

excess, asthenia complicated with sthenia

寒性凝滞 cold tending to stagnate by nature

腠理闭塞 blockage of muscular interstices

经脉拘急收引 contraction of tendons

湿邪困脾 pathogenic dampness encumbering

the spleen

疾病的发生、发展与变化 occurrence,

development and changes of disease

体质强弱 conditions of constitution

气血功能紊乱 dysfunction of qi and blood

阴阳偏盛大 relative predominance of yin and 阴虚生内热 yin deficiency generating interior

yang heat

五志过极 extreme changes of emotions

精气夺则虚 depletion of essence causing

deficiency

热极生风 extreme heat producing wind

七情内伤 internal injury due to emotional

disorder

饮食不节 improper diet

暴饮暴食 craputence

神昏谵语 coma and delirium

四诊合参 combined use of the four diagnostic

methods

精神活动 mental activities

阴阳互损 mutual consumption of yin and yang

真热假寒 true heat and false cold

气机郁滞不畅 stagnation of qi activity

津液代谢失常 disorder of fluid metabolism

寒热往来 alternate attacks of chill and

fever

津伤化燥 consumption of fluid transforming

into dryness

面部表情 facial expressions

风火胁痛 hypochondriac pain due to

wind-fire

口眼歪斜 wry mouth with distorted eyes,

facial distortion

湿浊内生 endogenous turbid dampness

虚火上炎 flaming of asthenia-fire

邪气内陷 internal invasion of pathogenic

factors

大肠热结 retention of heat in the large

intestine

精充气足 sufficient essence and abundant qi

预后良好 favorable prognosis

表情淡漠 apathetic facial expressions

精神不振 dispiritedness

神志不清 unconsciousness

轻宣润燥 dispersing lung qi and moistening

dryness

四肢抽搐 convulsion of the limbs

脏腑辨证 syndrome differentiation of viscera

病位与病性 location and nature of disease

表里同病 disease involving both the exterior and

interior

风热眩晕 vertigo due to wind-heat

寒热错杂 simultaneous occurrence of cold and

heat

表邪入里 invasion of the exterior pathogenic

factors into the interior

外感胃脘痛 stomachache due to exogenous

pathogenic factors

潮热盗汗 tidal fever and night sweating

高热谵妄 high fever with delirium

和血止痛 regulating blood to alleviate pain

寒因寒用 treating pseudo-cold syndrome with

herbs of cold nature

热因热用 treating pseudo-heat syndrome with

herbs of heat nature

塞因塞用 treating obstructive syndrome with

tonifying therapy

发汗解表 relieving exterior syndrome by

diaphoresis

风热乳蛾 tonsillitis due to wind-heat

痰饮咳嗽 cough due to fluid retention

实热蕴结 accumulation of sthenia-heat

舒肝和胃 soothing the liver and harmonizing the

stomach

心脉瘀阻 blood stasis in the heart vessels

镜面舌 mirror-like tongue

饥不欲食 hunger without desire for food

脉有胃气 pulse with stomach qi

清里泄热 clearing away heat in the interior

寒证化热 cold syndrome transforming into

heat syndrome

舌淡苔白而润滑 light-colored tongue with

white and slippery coating

祛风解痉 expelling wind to relieve

convulsion

恶寒与恶热 aversion to cold and aversion to

heat

口干唇裂 dry mouth with cracked lips

脉数无力 rapid and weak pulse

寒邪郁而化热 stagnation of pathogenic cold

changing into heat

未病先防 preventing measures taken before

the occurrence of disease

补气健脾 invigorating qi and strengthening

the spleen

补血养心 enriching blood to nourish the

heart

水气凌心 water attacking the heart

心悸多梦 palpitation and dreaminess

血为气母 the blood serving as the mother of

qi

调摄精神 regulating mental states

血脉流畅 smooth circulation of blood

关节通利 smooth movement of joints

清热泻火 clearing away heat and reducing fire

疏风泄热 dispelling wind and reducing heat

气机调畅 free activity of qi

益寿延年 promoting longevity

行气消瘀 activating qi to resolve stagnation

养血润肠 nourishing the blood and moistening the

intestine

因时、因地、因人制宜 applying proper therapeutic

measure in line with season, local conditions and

concentrate on the principle cause of disease

individuality

急则治其标 relieving the secondary symptoms

first in treating acute disease

通腑泄热 purging fu-organs to eliminate

heat

标本兼治 treatment focusing on relieving

both the secondary and primary symptoms

缓则治其本 relieving the primary symptoms in

treating chronic disease

治病求本 treatment of disease must

燥湿化痰 drying dampness and resolving phlegm

正虚邪实 asthenia of healthy qi and sthenia of

pathogenic factors

血枯经闭 amenorrhea due to blood exhaustion

痰湿壅肺 accumulation of phlegm-dampness in

the lung

祛虫消积 removing parasites to eliminate

accumulation

中草药 Chinese medicinal herbs

炮制 processing

四气五味 four properties and five tastes 清除杂质 eliminating impurity

入药部分 the part used for medical purpose 作用和缓 mild effect

药物采集 collection of herbs

收敛 astringency

软坚散结 softening hardness to dissipate

stagnation

发散解表 relieving exterior syndrome by

dispersion

方剂学 science of prescriptions

配伍关系 compatibility

燥湿健脾 drying dampness and strengthening

组成规律 prescription-formulating principle

the spleen

升降沉浮 ascending, descending, sinking and

方剂的加减 modification of prescriptions

floating

归经 meridian tropism 剂型和剂量 drug form and dosage

用药禁忌 contraindication in using herbs 君臣佐使 monarch, minister, assistant and guide

药物用量 dosage 药物毒性 toxicity of medicinal herbs

辛温解表药 relieving exterior syndrome with 十八反与十九畏 eighteen incompatible herbs and

herbs pungent in taste and warm in nature nineteen herbs of mutual antagonism

袪风湿药 herbs for expelling wind and

dampness

调和诸药 moderating the property of herbs

胸痛彻背 thoracic pain involving the back 温经散寒 warming meridians to dissipate cold

清热凉血药 herbs for clearing away heat and

宣肺平喘 disperse lung qi to stop asthma

cooling blood

引经报使 guiding action

针灸疗法 acupuncture and moxibustion

therapy, acumox

针刺补泻 reinforcing and reducing

灵活化裁 flexible modification

清散郁热 clearing away and dispersing stagnant

heat

随症加减 modification according to symptoms

techniques for needling

针刺手法 needling techniques, manipulation 药物饮片 processed herbs

进针手法 methods for inserting the needle 内服散剂 powder for oral taking

针刺止痛 alleviating pain with acupuncture

针刺麻醉 acupuncture anesthesia,

acu-anesthesia

针感 needling sensation

皮内针 intradermal needle

针刺的角度与深度 angle and depth of

needling

外用膏剂 medicinal extract for exterior

application

开水冲服 mixing in boiled water for oral taking

浓缩浸膏 condensed extract

耳针疗法 ear acupuncture treatment

提插捻转 lifting, thrusting, swirling and

rotating

双手进针法 insertion of needle with double

水针疗法 hydro-acupuncture therapy

hands

行针 manipulating the needle

化脓灸 blistering moxibustion

瘢痕灸 scarring moxibustion

艾炷灸 moxibustion with moxa cone

灯火灸 lamp moxibustion

温针灸 warm needling method

一指禅推法 pushing manipulation with one

finger

点按法 point-pressing manipulation

大鱼际揉法 kneading manipulation with the

large thenar

头针疗法 scalp-acupuncture therapy

推拿手法 manipulations for tuina, manipulating

techniques

减轻疼痛 alleviating pain

功法训练 exercise for practicing tuina

放松肌肉 relaxing muscles

解除肌肉紧张 relieving muscular tension

活动受限 confined activity

关节脱位 dislocation of joint

腰椎间盘突出 protrusion of lumbar vertebral

disc

交替搓揉 alternative rubbing and kneading 旋转复位 rotating reduction

腰肌劳损 injury of lumbar muscles

解除痉挛 relieving spasm

外感发热 exogenous fever

脉象浮紧 floating and tense pulse

寒邪束表 pathogenic cold hampering the

exterior

邪热入里 interior invasion of pathogenic

heat

四肢厥冷 cold limbs

阳气不振 inactivation of yang-qi

软组织损伤 injury of soft tissues

关节粘连僵硬 adhesion and stiffness of joint

滑利关节 lubricating joint

手法补泻 reinforcing and reducing manipulations

拇指平推法 horizontal pushing with the thumb

午后潮热 afternoon tidal fever

热扰神明 heat disturbing mind

形体消瘦 emaciation

祛痰止咳药 herbs for eliminating phlegm and

stopping cough

少气懒言 lack of qi and no desire to speak

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