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2024年3月26日发(作者:)

名词性从句

1.从句的分类

形容词性从句,即定语从句

状语从句(分9种)

从句 主语从句

名词性从句 宾语从句

表语从句

同位语从句

2.说明:

①名词性从句的功能相当于名词,根据其在句中充当的成份,有不同的叫法。

②引导名词性从句的词语主要有:

a.

c.

从属连词that,无词义,不作句子成分;

从属连词as if(=as though,似乎、好像)有词义,但不作句子成分;

作成分;

e. 连接副词when,whenever,where,wherever,why,how,however,how often,how soon,how far,how long作

句子成分。

③在名词性从句中,要用陈述语序。

【例】1.I don’t know where does he live.(false)

I don’t know where he lives.(true) 我不知道他住在哪。

life in the future will be like is unknown.(true)

What will life in the future be is unknown.(false)

④不可用no matter who,no matter what等引导名词性从句,只能引导状语从句。

一、主语从句

1.定义:若处在主语的位置上是个句子,那么这个句子就叫做主语从句。

2.注意事项:

a. 在主语从句中,任何引导词都不可以省去。

【例】That her hair is turning grey worries her.

b. 在主语从句中,不用if,用whether。

【例】Whether he will come or not is not clear.(true)

If he will or not is not clear.(false)

c. 主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。若谓语动词为两个或两个以上时,则用复数。

【例】 we will have a holiday hasn’t been decided.

we’ll go picnicing and how we will go aren’t clear.

d. 主语从句作主语时,习惯上用it作形式主语,而将主语从句后置。但由what,whatever,whoever引导的主语从

句,没有这个习惯。

【例】’s very clear that the boy was seriously ill.

形式主语 真正的主语

邢台一中高中英语语法讲解——名词性从句,第1页,共4页

b. 从属连词if,whether(是否)有词义,但不作句子成分;

d. 连接代词who,whoever,what,whatever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,how much,how many有词义,

’s uncertain whether we’ll have a meeting today.

hasn't been decided when they will leave for(前往) New York.

e. 以it作形式主语,把主语从句后置的常见句型有:

It's certain/uncertain that… …肯定…/不确定……

It's likely/possible/probable that… 有可能……

It's a pity/shame that… 很可惜/很遗憾……

It's no surprise that… 毫不奇怪/很正常……

It's said/reported/thought/believe that… 据说/据报道/大家认为/人们相信……

It happens that… 碰巧……

f. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,必须用it做形式主语。

【例】 it true that the scientist will give us a lecture?

it matter much that they won’t come?

g. 主语从句的虚拟语气,常见句型如下:

It's a pity/shame/no wonder+that+主语+(should)+ v.…

It's requested/suggested/desired+that+主语+(should)+ v.…

It's necessary/strange/important+that+主语+(should)+ v.…

二、表语从句

1.定义:若处在表语的位置上是个句子,那么这个句子就叫做表语从句。

2.注意事项:

a. 引导表语从句的任何词都不可以省(在口语中that偶尔可以省去)。

【例】The truth is (that) I have never been there.

b. 在表语从句中,不用if,用whether。

c. as if(=as though)可以引导表语从句。

【例】It looks as if it’s going to rain.

The girl seems as though she has cried.

d. 有争议的because:有的语法家叫之表语从句,有的则称之为强调句的省略。

【例】—Why was he late?

—It was because his bike was broken.

e. reason不能和because连用,要用that代替。

【例】The reason why he didn’t come was that he was ill.

三、宾语从句

1.定义:若处在宾语的位置上是个句子,那么这个句子就叫做宾语从句。

2.注意事项:

①引导宾语从句的that可以省,但若有两个或以上的that引导的宾语从句时,只可以省去第一个that,其后的不省。

【例】I find (that) he is dishonest and that he often tell lies.

②that引导的宾语从句位于句首时,不可以省去that。

【例】That he ever said such a thing,I simply don’t believe.

③if和whether在引导宾语从句时,可以互换,但在下列情况下不可以:

a. 与or not连用时,只用whether,不用if。

邢台一中高中英语语法讲解——名词性从句,第2页,共4页

本文标签: 主语名词引导词义