原形 过去式

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2024年1月19日发(作者：)

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原形 过去式

fly flew

throw threw

blow blew

feed fed

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pay

sell

understand

find

make

learn

hear

lose

sit

get

forget

spend

lend

build

catch

bring

buy

paid

sold

understood

found

made

learnt

heard

lost

sit

got

forgot

spent

lent

built

caught

brought

bought

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fight flight

think thought

teach taught

feel felt

spell spelt

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leave

sleep

sweep

keep

meet

sing

ring

begin

drink

swim

come

become

run

can

may

shall

will

left

sleept

swept

kept

met

sang

rang

began

drank

swam

came

became

ran

could

might

should

would

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AAA型 过去式、过去分词与原形一致

原形 过去式 过去分词 词义

cut cut cut 切、割

shut shut shut 关、闭（门窗）

put put put 放置

let let let 让

set set set 设置

hit hit hit 撞击

hurt hurt hurt 受伤；疼痛

cost cost cost 值…钱；花费

read [ri:d] read [red] read [red] 朗读；阅读

AAB型 过去式与原形一致

beat beat beaten 击败

ABA型 过去分词与原形一致

run ran run 跑步；逃跑

come came come 来

become became become 变得；成为

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ABB型 过去式与过去分词一致

buy bought bought 买

fight fought fought

think thought thought

seek sought sought

bring brought brought

catch caught

teach taught

lend lent

send sent

spend spent

build built

feel felt

leave left

keep kept

sleep slept

oversleep overslept

sweep swept

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打架；打仗

想；认为

寻找；探究

带来

caught 抓住；接住

taught 教；教书

lent 借出

sent 送；派遣

spent 花费（时间、金钱）

built 建设；建立

felt 感觉；摸起来

left 离开

kept 保持；保留

slept 睡觉

overslept 睡过头

swept 打扫

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mean [mi:n] meant [ment] meant [ment] 意思是

learn learnt/learned learn/learned 学；学会

burn burnt / burned burnt / burned 燃烧；烧伤

hear [hiE] heard [hE:d] heard [hE:d] 听见

lead led led 领导；致使

mislead

feed

flee

meet

shoot shot

light

get got

win

sit

dig

stick stuck

hang

hang hanged

sell sold

tell

smell

spell

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misled misled 把…引错方向

fed fed 喂养；喂食

fled fled 逃跑

met met 遇见；碰到

shot 射击

lit / lighted lit / lighted 点燃

got 获得；得到

won won 获胜；赢得

sat sat 坐下

dug 挖掘

stuck 刺；戳

hung hung 悬挂

hanged 绞死

sold 出售

told told 告诉

smelt smelt 闻；嗅

spelt spelt 拼写

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dug

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hold held held 拿着；握住

find found found 找到；发现stand stood stood 站立

understand understood understood 理解

lay laid laid 下蛋

pay paid paid 付款

say [sei] said [sed] said [sed] 说

have/has had had 有

make made made 制作

shine shone / shined shone / shined 照耀

lose [lu:z] lost [lRst] lo[lRst] 丢失

ABC型 原形、过去式、过去分词不一致

begin began begun 开始

drink drank drunk 喝；饮

ring rang rung 铃（响）；打

sing sang sung 唱歌

sink sank sunk 下沉

swim swam swum 游泳

blow blew blown 吹；刮风

fly flew flown 飞；放（风筝）

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know knew[nju:] known 知道；懂得

grow grew grown 种植；生长

throw threw thrown 扔；投

draw drew drawn 绘画

show showed shown 出示；给…看

break broke broken 打破；不服从

speak spoke spoken 说话

steal stole stolen 偷

choose chose chosen 选择

freeze froze frozen 冻结

wake woke woke / woken 醒来；唤醒

forget forgot forgotten 忘记

take took taken 拿走

mistake mistook mistaken 错拿

shake shook shaken 摇动；握（手）

eat ate eaten 吃

fall fell fallen 落下；摔倒

rise rose risen [rizn] 上升；上涨

drive drove driven [drivn] 驾驶

give gave given 给

forgive forgave forgiven 原谅

see saw seen 看见

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ride rode ridden 骑（车、马）

hide hid hidden 躲藏

bite bit bitten 咬

forbid forbade/forbad forbidden 禁止；不许

write wrote written 书写

bear bore born 忍受

tear tore torn 撕破

wear wore worn 穿、戴（衣帽等）

am/is was been 是

are were been 是

do/does did done 做

go went gone 去

lie lay lain 躺；卧

情态动词的过去式

must must 必须

can could 能够；会

shall should 应当

will would 将；会

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. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.

cost----cost----cost cut----cut----cut

put----put----put

let----let----let set----set----set

hit----hit----hit

shut----shut----shut hurt---hurt----hurt

read---read----read 读音 /e/

lie---lied---lied 说谎

lay---laid---laid 放置，下蛋

lay--- lain 躺下，位于，平放

eg. The hens don’t _______eggs during such cold weather.

She _____ her books on the table. ____

B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同

1. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是［ :t］

bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought

buy----bought----bought

catch----caught----caught teach ---- taught ----taught

2. 动词原形中的e为o，变成过去式和过去分词。

get----got----got sell----sold----sold

tell----told----told

3. 动词原形中i为a, … sit----sat----sat

spit----spat----spat

4. 动词原形中i为o, … win----won----won shine----shone/

shined----shone / shined

5. 动词原形中an为oo, … stand----stood---stood

understand----understood----understood

6. 动词原形中的ay为ai,… say----said----said

pay----paid----paid

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7. a）动词原形中的d为t,… send----sent----sent

lend----lent----lent

spend----spent----spent build----built----built

b ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , … smell----smelt----smelt

lose----lost----lost

c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, … learn----learnt----learnt

mean----meant----meant 读音/e/

d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/

feel----felt----felt sleep----slept----slept

sweep---swept----swept

keep---- kept----- kept

其它meet----met----met have----had----had

hold----held----held

make----made----made dig----dug----dug

hear----heard----heard

find----found----found hang----hung ----hung

C.原型与过去分词相同

come----came----come run----ran----run

become----became----become

D. 原形，过去式， 和 过去分词完全不同

1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式，改成u变成过去分词．

begin ---- began -----begun drink---drank----drunk

ring----rang-----rung

swim----swam----swum sing----sang----sung

2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式，在原形词尾加n变成过去分词．

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blow----blew----blown grow----grew----grown

know---knew---known

throw ---- threw ---- thrown fly ----flew /flu:/ ----flown ( 和以上相似)

3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾，故把它们分为一类．

a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式，在词尾加n变成过去分词．

drive----drove----driven rise---rose---risen

write---wrote---written (双写t )

ride----rode----ridden (双写d )

b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式，在过去式后加n变成过去分词．

speak----spoke----spoken steal----stole----stolen

break----broke----broken

c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词．

wake----woke----woken freeze----froze----frozen

choose----chose----chosen forget----forgot----forgotten （双写t，加en ）

d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词

eat----ate----eaten beat---- beat ---- beaten

fall----fell----fallen

give----gave----given see----saw----seen

take----took----taken

mistake---- mistook----- mistaken

hide----hid----hidden （双写d ）

E. 没有过去分词的动词

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can ----- could － may---- might － shall---- should－

will ---- would －

其它

am, is ---- was----- been are-----were----- been

do-----did----- done

draw-----drew----- drawn／ :／ go-----went----- gone

show----showed----shown

wear--- wore ---- worn

不规则动词的过去式 （初二）

不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点，也是一个难点。同学们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律，总结如下：

1. 把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。过去分词不变．如：

become—became, come—came

2．把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如：

begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam ，sink—sank，

3．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：

drive—drove，ride—rode，shine—shone，win—won，write—wrote

4．动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如：

get—got，forget—forgot

5．动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：

keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept

6. 动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如：

stand—stood，understand—understood

7．改动词原形中的aw ／ow为ew，变成过去式。如：

draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed）

8．动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：

break—broke，speak—spoke

9．动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如：

sell—sold，tell—told

10．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是［ :t］的过去式。如：

bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught

11．以ould结尾且读音为［ud］的情态动词过去式。如：

can—could，shall—should，will—would

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12．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：

hear［hi ］—heard［h :d］， say［sei］—said［sed］，

mean［mi:n］—meant［ment］， dream—dreamt ［dremt］

13．动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：

cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let，must—must，

put—put，read—read［red］，set—set

14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如：

dream—dreamed/ dreamt learn—learnt/ learned shine—shone/

shined

smell—smelt/ smelled wake—woke/ waked

15．不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：

am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，

feel—felt，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have ／has— had，hide—hid，

hold—held，lay—laid，leave—left，lie—lay，lose—lost，make—made，may—

might，run—ran，see—saw， smell—smelt，take—took，wake—woke，

wear—wore

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本文标签： 原形动词改为变成字母